Review of the Permian family Permulidae nomen novum pro Aliculidae Storozhenko, 1997 (Grylloblattida)

A new replacement name Permulidaenom. n. is proposed for the Permian family Aliculidae Storozhenko, 1997 (Insecta: Grylloblattida). A review of Permulidae is given. All genera and species are redescribed and illustrated. A key to genera of Permulidae is given. New taxa of Permulidae are described: Permula edemskiisp. n., Sojanopermula rasnitsynisp. n., Kazanalicula reductagen. et sp. n., Mezenalicula connatagen. et sp. n., all from the Soyana locality (Middle Permian, Kazanian Stage; Arkhangelsk Region, Russia), and Mezenalicula conjunctasp. n. from the Isady locality (Upper Permian, Severodvinian Stage; Vologda Region, Russia). New combinations are proposed: Permula minor (Aristov, 2004), comb. n. for Sojanopermula minor Aristov, 2004; Permula tshekardensis (Aristov, 2004), comb. n. for Sojanopermula tshekardensis Aristov, 2004. A new genus Acropermulagen. n. (type species: Permula acra Kukalová, 1964, from the Lower Permian of Czech Republic) is established in the family Ideliidae. Neraphidia Novokshonov & Novokshonova, 1997 is transferred from Aliculidae to the order Eoblattida as a genus of uncertain taxonomic position inside this order.     

中国栉甲属一新种及一新名记述(鞘翅目,拟步甲科,朽木甲亚科)(英文)

记述栉甲属Cteniopinus Seidlitz1新种,即红胸栉甲Cteniopinus rubithoracus sp.nov.,提供了雄虫成虫整体、头部和胸部背腹面观、触角、足、腹部肛节、阳茎以及雌性肛节特征照片。以新名防城栉甲Cteniopinus fangchengensisnom.nov.代替黄腿栉甲Cteniopinus flavifemurBaietRen,2004(necBorchmann,1930)。模式标本保存于河北大学博物馆。红胸栉甲,新种Cteniopinus rubithoracussp.nov.(图1～12)新种与红色栉甲Cteniopinus ruberPic,1923相似,区别于后者的主要特征为:体大型,体长22～24mm;宽7.5～8.5mm;外咽片褐色;前胸、中胸、后胸腹板及侧板为暗红色。正模♂,贵州省沿河县麻阳河毛家村,2007-06-05,王凤艳采。副模:1♀,记录同正模;1♀,贵州荔波茂兰,2010-08-06,牛一平,周勇采;1♀,湖南石门壶瓶山,2004-08-19,王继良采。词源:新种种名以前胸、中胸、后胸腹板及侧板为暗红色而拟定。防城栉甲,新名Cteniopinus fangchengensis Yanget Rennom.nov.Cteniopinus flavifemur Baiet Ren,2004.In:Insects from Mt.Shiwandashan Area of Guangxi.China Forestry Publishing House,Beijing.320-321.Cteniopinus flavifemur Baiet Ren,2004为Cteniopinus flavifemur Borchmann,1930的次同名,现命以新名Cteniopinus fangchengensis Yang et Ren,次同名同时废止。     

叉草蛉属Dichochrysa中国种类订正（脉翅目：草蛉科）

本文对叉草蛉属Ｄｉｃｈｏｃｈｒｙｓａ中国已知种类予以订正,共包括了４４种,其中４０种是新组合的。文中还就属的分类地位作了进一步讨论。     

Evolution and systematics of the Late Paleozoic brachiopod family Linoproductidae with descriptions of species from the Lower Permian of the Northern Timan

The analysis of the morphological features of the genera of the family Linoproductidae in the Late Paleozoic substantiates its three subfamilies as three evolutionary trends beginning with the initial subfamily Coopericinae Lazarev, 2004, which is known from the beginning of the Early Carboniferous and two its derivatives: subfamily Linipalinae subfam. nov., which appeared in the Podolskian Time (Upper Moscovian Age), and subfamily Linoproductinae Stehli, 1954, which appeared in the Kasimovian Age. The problems and prospects of the further detailing of the system of these subfamilies are discussed. Three new species of the genus Sublinoproductus are described from the Lower Permian of Northern Timan.     

Checklist of the species of the aseptate gregarine families Aikinetocystidae,Diplocystidae, Allantocystidae,Schaudinnellidae, Ganymedidae,and Enterocystidae

The genera and species in six families of the eugregarine suborder Aseptatorina Chakravarty, 1960, are reviewed and the presently accepted ones are listed: Aikinetocystidae Bhatia, 1930 (two genera and two species); Diplocystidae Bhatia, 1930 (one genus and eight species); Allantocystidae tocystidae Bhatia, 1930 (one genus and one species); Schaudinnellidae Poche, 1913 (one genus and one species); Ganymedidae Huxley, 1910 (one genus and one species); and Enterocystidae Codreanu, 1940 (one genus and eight species). A list of 22 synonyms and lapsi calami is also given. Species which might be of value in the biological control of disease vectors are indicated.     

Stygiinae Yakovlev,subfam. n., a new subfamily of palaearctic carpenter-moths (Lepidoptera,Cossidae)

A new subfamily of carpenter moths, Stygiinae Yakovlev, subfam. n. (Lepidoptera, Cossidae) with two genera, Stygia Latreille, [1803] (type genus) and Neostygia Wiltshire, 1980, is described. A brief catalogue of all five species belonging to this subfamily is given.     

REVISION OF THE MASTOPHOROIDEAE (CORALLINALES,RHODOPHYTA) AND POLYPHYLY IN NONGENICULATE SPECIES WIDELY DISTRIBUTED ON PACIFIC CORAL REEFS1

The subfamily Mastophoroideae (Corallinaceae, Rhodophyta) is characterized by species possessing nongeniculate, uniporate tetrasporangial conceptacles without apical plugs, the presence of cell fusions, and the absence of secondary pit connections. However, molecular phylogenetic studies not including the type genus Mastophora indicated that the Mastophoroideae was polyphyletic. Our molecular phylogenetic analysis of the subfamily including the type genus using DNA sequences of SSU rDNA and plastid‐encoded gene of PSII reaction center protein D1 (psbA) revealed that Mastophora formed a robust clade only with Metamastophora. The other mastophoroid genera were divided into six lineages within the family Corallinaceae. Five supported lineages—(i) Pneophyllum; (ii) Hydrolithon gardineri (Foslie) Verheij et Prud’homme, Hydrolithon onkodes (Heydr.) Penrose et Woelk., and Hydrolithon pachydermum (Foslie) J. C. Bailey, J. E. Gabel et Freshwater; (iii) Hydrolithon reinboldii (Weber Bosse et Foslie) Foslie; (iv) Spongites; and (v) Neogoniolithon—were clearly distinguished by the combination of characters including the presence or absence of palisade cells and trichocytes in large, tightly packed horizontal fields and features of tetrasporangial and spermatangial conceptacles. Therefore, we amend the Mastophoroideae to be limited to Mastophora and Metamastophora with a thin thallus with basal filaments comprised of palisade cells, tetrasporangial conceptacles formed by filaments peripheral to fertile areas, and spermatangia derived only from the floor of male conceptacles. This emendation supports Setchell’s (1943) original definition of the Mastophoroideae as having thin thalli. We also propose the establishment of three new subfamilies, Hydrolithoideae subfam. nov. including Hydrolithon, Porolithoideae subfam. nov. including the resurrected genus Porolithon, and Neogoniolithoideae subfam. nov. including Neogoniolithon. Taxonomic revisions of Pneophyllum and Spongites were not made because we did not examine their type species.     

Unification of the genera Nonlabens, Persicivirga, Sandarakinotalea and Stenothermobacter into a single emended genus, Nonlabens, and description of Nonlabens agnitus sp. nov

Phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that a bacterial isolate, designated JC2678(T), represents a distinct phyletic line within the suprageneric monophyletic clade containing the genera Nonlabens, Persicivirga, Stenothermobacter and Sandarakinotalea. The polyphasic data presented in this study demonstrated that the members belonging to the Nonlabens-like clade overall constitute a single genus. Therefore, it is proposed to transfer the members of genera Persicivirga O'Sullivan et al. 2006, Stenothermobacter Lau et al. 2006 and Sandarakinotalea Khan et al. 2006 to the genus Nonlabens Lau et al. 2005. Thus, P. dokdonensis (Yoon et al. 2006) Nedashkovskaya et al. 2009, P. ulvanivorans Barbeyron et al. 2010, P. xylanidelens O'Sullivan et al. 2006, Sandarakinotalea sediminis Khan et al. 2006 and Stenothermobacter spongiae Lau et al. 2006 should be transferred to Nonlabens dokdonensis comb. nov., Nonlabens ulvanivorans comb. nov., Nonlabens xylanidelens comb. nov., Nonlabens sediminis comb. nov. and Nonlabens spongiae comb. nov., respectively. In addition, strain JC2678(T) (=KACC 14155(T)=JCM 17109(T)) is proposed to constitute a novel species belonging to the genus Nonlabens with the name of Nonlabens agnitus sp. nov.     

A review of some Cretaceous and Tertiary serpulid polychaetes of the genera Cementula and Spiraserpula Regenhardt 1961,Laqueoserpula Lommerzheim 1979 andProtectoconorca JÄger 1983

The genus Cementula was proposed by Nielsen (1931) without designating a type species. Regenhardt (1961) made the name Cementula available by designating Cementula sphaerica Nielsen 1931 as its type. Regenhardt (1961) and Lommerzheim (1979) retain Cementula as a genus distinct from Spiraserpula Regenhardt 1961, while JÄger (1983) synonymizes the latter with the former. Re-examination of their types, however, revealed an important additional character for retaining them as distinct genera, the presence of internal longitudinal ridges in Spiraserpula, which are absent in Cementula. Two other genera, Laqueoserpula Lommerzheim 1979 and Protectoconorca JÄger 1983 were also examined, but they lack such internal tube structures. This study yielded an available name among fossil genera, namely, Spiraserpula Regenhardt 1961, for several living Serpula-like species with internal tube structures, to be described in a separate paper.     

中国蔷薇科绣线菊亚科的演化、分布——兼述世界绣线菊亚科植物的分布

绣线菊亚科是蔷薇科最原始的亚科,共有22属260余种, 包括常绿和落叶两大类群,前者是 原始类型。我国有8属100种,全都为落叶性。本文着重讨论中国各属的起源、演化和分布等 ,同时也概述全亚科植物在世界各植物区的分布等问题。绣线菊属Spiraea是该亚科落叶类群中最原始的属,它在早期发生趋异进化,衍生出形态各异而亲缘关系密切 的不同属,本文阐明了中国各属的系统位置和属间的亲缘关系。通过对我国各属地理分布的 分析对比,属的分布区可归纳为5个类型。对全球绣线菊亚科植物在世界各植物区中的属、种数统计表明,东亚区有8属105种,其中有96个特有种,是该亚科植物分布最多而又最集中 地区,具有在系统发育上处于各主要演化阶段的落叶类型,因此,东亚区是全球绣线菊亚科植 物的现代分布和分化中心,也是落叶类群发生和发展的关键地区。在北美洲,从马德雷区至落基山区一带分布着11属46种,均为特有种,显然北美洲西部也是该亚科植物的现代分布中心,但可能是第二分布中心。南美洲至今保存2个较古老的常绿属,即Quillaja和K ageneckia,基于此,南美洲可能是绣线菊亚科某些常绿属早期分化和发展的关键地区 。中国绣线菊亚科植物在东亚区占绝对优势,有8属82种,其中有62个特有种,分别占该区属 、种和 特有种数的100%、82%、和65%, 这些类群分布最密集地区是在中国喜马拉雅森林植物亚区 中的横断山脉地区和中国日本森林植物亚区的西部,这一带是中国绣线菊亚科的现代分布和多样性中心,很可能是某些属的发源地。由此看来,绣线菊亚科的落叶属可能起源于劳亚古陆。据化石记载,该亚科植物的起源时间可以追溯到白垩纪早白垩世。     

A synopsis of the sawflies (Hymenoptera: Symphyta) of America south of the United States: introduction, Xyelidae, Pamphiliidae, Cimbicidae, Diprionidae, Xiphydriidae, Siricidae, Orussidae, Cephidae

Abstract Eight families of Symphyta for the Western Hemisphere south of the United States are reviewed: Xyelidae (one genus, two species), Pamphiliidae (one genus, four species), Cimbicidae (five genera, nine species), Diprionidae (three genera, thirteen species), Xiphydriidae (four genera, seventeen species), Siricidae (six genera, nine species), Orussidae (five genera, twelve species), and Cephidae (one genus, one species). New taxa are Acantholyda nigrostigmata (Pamphiliidae); Zadiprionfalsus, Neodiprion bicolor, N.equalis, N.omosus (Diprionidae); Derecyrta circularis, Steirocephala lateralba (Xiphydriidae); Sirotremex, S.flammeus (Siricidae); and Ophrynopus depressatus, O.plaumanni (Orussidae). Lopesiana is a new name for Lopesia Conde (Cimbicidae). Three new combinations and six new synonyms are proposed. The Xyelidae, Pamphiliidae, Diprionidae, Siricidae and Cephidae are primarily northern groups with southern extensions into Mexico, Central America and/or Cuba. The Cimbicidae, Xiphydriidae and Orussidae are more generally distributed throughout the neotropics. Keys to families, genera and species are provided.     

New genus and species of flea beetles (Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae, Galerucinae, Alticini) from Puerto Rico, with comments on flea beetle diversity in the West Indies and a key to the West Indian Monoplatini genera

A new genus (Borinken) and five new species (Borinken elyunque, Distigmoptera chamorrae, Kiskeya elyunque, Ulrica eltoro, and Ulrica iviei) from Puerto Rico are described and illustrated. A keyto all West Indian Monoplatini genera is provided, as are keys to all speciesof Kiskeya and to the speciesof Ulrica from Puerto Rico. A list of the flea beetle genera, along with the number of species and some of the faunal features is presented and discussed for the West Indies.     

杨亚科植物的分类与分布

杨亚科(Populoideae)植物自然分布于热带非洲和大约从北纬19°~70°度的北半球,由胡杨属(Balsamiflua)和杨属(Populus)2个属所组成。胡杨属间断分布于赤道非洲、古地中海地区和墨西哥,包含2个组(胡杨组、墨杨组)和约3个天然种。杨属分布于欧洲、亚洲、非洲(北缘)和北美洲的广大地区,包含大叶杨亚属(Subgen.Leucoides)(大叶杨组)、杨亚属(Subgen.Populus)(青杨组、黑杨组、杨组)2个亚属和约52个天然种。拟定了杨亚科属的检索表、胡杨属组和种的检索表、杨属亚属和组的检索表以及杨属中各组种的检索表。提供了一个杨树种类目录,包括它们的正名、异名、文献引注和地理分布等。     

The Evolution and Distribution of Subfam. Spiraeoideae (Rosaceae) of China,with Special Reference to Distribution of the Subfamily in the World

The subfam. Spiraeoideae, consisting of 22 genera and more than 260 species in the world,is the most primitive subfamily of Rosaceae. It has developed into two groups,i.e. evergreen and deciduous ones, of which eight genera and 100 species in China are totally deciduous. In the present paper, the origin,evolution and distribution of the Chinese genera is discussed mainly, and the distribution of the whole subfamily in the floristic regions of the world is also mentioned. Based on evolutionary trends of morphological characters, Spiraea L. is considered as the most primitive genus in the deciduous group of subfam. Spiraeoideae, from which some genera are been derived, the systematic position and evolutionary relationships between different genera are elucidated in this paper. Through the analysis on the geographical distribution of the genera in China, the areal types may be divided as follows: (1) North Temperate Type: Spiraea, Physocarpus, Aruncus. (2) East Asian and North American Disjunct Type: Sorbaria. (3) Mediterranean, West Asian (or Central Asia) and East Asian Type: Sibiraea. (4) Temperate Asian Type: Exochorda.(5) East Asian Type: (a) Sino Himalayan Distribution: Neillia; (b) Sino Japan Distribution: Stephanandra. After analysis of the distribution of subfam. Spiraeoideae in the world, it is shown that the Eastern Asiatic Region, being the richest in genera, species and endemic species of the world,is not only the center of distribution and differentiation,but also an important region for occurrence and development of some deciduous genera of this subfamily, while in North America, the Madrean Region and Rocky Mountain Region, genera, species and endemic species are abundant, which indicates that the western part of North America is also the distribution center of this subfamily at the present, but it may be the secondary center of distribution. It can be seen that the relatively primitive and evergreen g enera, i.e. Quillaja and Kageneckia, are now confined to South America. The fact implies that the South America may be the region for early differentiation and development of the evergreen genera in Subfam. Spiraeoideae. The analysis of Chinese plants has shown that China has the most members of the subfamily in Eastern Asiatic Region, with eight genera, 82 species and 62 endemic species and that the maximum concentration is in western Sichuan, northwestern Yunnan and their adjacent areas. It is very obvious that the center of distribution and diversity of Subfam. Spiraeoideae in China lies in the Hengduan Mountain Region of Sino Himalayan Forest Subkingdom and the western part of Sino Japan Forest Subkingdom, where may be the birthplace of some genera in China. It may be considered that the deciduous genera of Subfam. Spiraeoideae might have originated in Laurasia.According to the fossil records, the time of origin of Subfam.Spiraeoideae dates back to the Lower Cretaceous.     

杨亚科植物的分类与分布

杨亚科（Populoideae）植物自然分布于热带非洲和大约从北纬19°～70°度的北半球,由胡杨属（Balsamiflua）和杨属（Populus）2个属所组成。胡杨属间断分布于赤道非洲、古地中海地区和墨西哥,包含2个组（胡杨组、墨杨组）和约3个天然种。杨属分布于欧洲、亚洲、非洲（北缘）和北美洲的广大地区,包含大叶杨亚属（Subgen．Leucoides）（大叶杨组）、杨亚属（Subgen．Populus）（青杨组、黑杨组、杨组）2个亚属和约52个天然种。拟定了杨亚科属的检索表、胡杨属组和种的检索表、杨属亚属和组的检索表以及杨属中各组种的检索表。提供了一个杨树种类目录,包括它们的正名、异名、文献引注和地理分布等。     

中国长突飞虱亚科分类研究及一新种记述(同翅目,蜡蝉总科,飞虱科)

对我国长突飞虱亚科昆虫进行了系统整理,该亚科在中国迄今共记录了3个属:长头飞虱属Terauchiana Matsumura,1915(3种)、鞘茎飞虱属Preterkelisia Yang,1989(1种)和长突飞虱属Stenocranus Fieber,1866(20种).文中编制了分属分种检索表,记录了各属的主要特征、种类、分布及部分种类的寄主植物.记述采自我国贵州的长突飞虱属1新种,畸剌长突飞虱S.anomalus sp.nov.,绘制了新种的鉴别特征图.研究标本和模式标本保存在贵州大学昆虫研究所.     

Review of the spore-feeding Idolothripinae from China (Thysanoptera,Phlaeothripidae)

An illustrated key is provided to the 19 genera of the subfamily Idolothripinae from China, and a checklist given to 62 named species, of which six species are newly recorded from China, together with the genus Bolothrips that is represented by two un-named species. A generic diagnosis is given for each genus, along with some discussion of systematic relationship problems and species diversity. Identification keys to species of 11 genera are provided, and Megathrips antennatus Guo, Feng & Duan is considered as a new synonymof Megathrips lativentris (Heeger).     

Melhania steudneri (Sterculiaceae) new record for Egypt,and a synopsis of the Sterculiaceae in Egypt

The cultivated and indigenous taxa of Sterculiaceae in Egypt are systematically revised. This revealed the presence of 15 species, belonging to 10 genera, accepted as cultivated taxa and 6 indigenous species, belonging to 4 genera, restricted to the southeastern corner of Egypt; of which Melhania steudneri Schweinf. is a new record to the flora of Egypt. For the investigated taxa valid name, synonyms, types, general distribution and representative specimens are given. Identification keys for the determination of all genera and species are also provided.