安徽淮南下寒武统馒头组的遗迹化石

产于安徽淮南下寒武统馒头组上部浅水台地相灰岩和棕褐色页岩中的遗迹化石鉴定为５属５种,包括１新种,它们是Ｂｅａｃｏｎｉｃｈｎｕｓ ｉｃｈｎｏｓｐ．Ｄｉｐｌｉｃｈｎｉｔｅｓ ｉｃｈｎｏｓｐ．,Ｐｈｏｅｂｉｃｈｎｕｓ ｍｉｎｏｒ ｉｃｈｎｏｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．,Ｔｈａｌａｓｓｉｎｎｏｄｅｓ ｈｏｒｉｚｏｎｔａｌｉｓ Ｍｙｒｏｗ,１９９５和Ｈｅｌｍｉｎｔｈｏｉｄａ ｉｎｄｅｔ．ｉｃｈｎｏｓｐ．。对它们的形成方式     

贵州台江早、中寒武世凯里组的遗迹化石

凯里组发现遗迹化石９属１４种，主要是以ＰｈｙｃｏｄｅｓｐｅｄｕｍＳｅｉｌａｃｈｅｒ为主的遗迹群落，重要的遗迹属如：Ｃｏｃｈｌｉｃｈｎｕｓ，Ｇｏｒｄｉａ，Ｍｏｎｏｍｏｒｐｈｉｃｈｎｕｓ，Ｏｌｄｈａｍｉａ，Ｐｌａｎｏｌｉｔｅｓ，Ｔｒｅｐｔｉｃｈｎｕｓ等常见于世界各地寒武纪Ｃｒｕｚｉａｎａ遗迹相。根据遗迹化石表明凯里组沉积于盐份、含氧量正常，海水能量中等的浅海软基底潮下带环境。     

新疆博格达山上二叠统非海相网状遗迹化石

新疆博格达山上二叠统乌拉泊组和井井子沟组为一套厚逾１０００－２４００ｍ的湖泊－河流相沉积。在凝灰质砂岩、泥岩和沉凝灰岩中产生丰富的网状类遗化石,主要类别包括Ｔａｈｌａｓｓｉｎｏｉｄｅｓ？ｔｅｉｃｈｆｏｒｉｍｉｓ ｉｃｈｎｏｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．,Ｔ．？ｃｆ．ｔｅｉｃｈｆｏｒｍｉｓ ｉｃｈｎｏｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．,Ｐａｒａｄｉｄｙｍａｕｌｉｃｈｎｕｓ ｒｅｔｉｃｕ－ｌａｒｉｓ ｉｃｈｎｏｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．和节肢动物拖     

湘西北地区志留,泥盆系遗迹化石再研究

记述了湘西北地区志留、泥盆系的遗迹化石１４属,２８种、亚种（包括１５新种,２新亚种）。这些遗迹化石主要集中于Ｔｒａｕｅｕｍｉｃｈｉｓ－Ａｒｔｈｒｏｐｈｙｃｕｓ群落（代表前滨下部或近滨上部）,Ｔｈａｌａｓｓｉｎｏｉｄｅｓ－Ｌｏｃｋｅｉａ群落（代表近滨上部或前滨下部环境）和Ｃｒｕｚｉａｎａ－Ｄｉｍｏｒｐｈｉｃｈｎｕｓ群落（代表近滨环境）,并对上述３个遗迹群落的古生态作了分析。     

长江下游三叠系青龙组遗迹化石

记述了长江下游一带由灰岩为主组成的下三叠统青龙组中的遗迹群。其中至少包括有３７个遗迹属，以水平潜穴占优势，并伴有垂直潜穴、拖迹（ｔｒａｉｌ）、足迹（ｔｒａｃｋ）和停息迹等各种类型的痕迹。其中常见分子有Ｐｌａｎｏｌｉｔｅｓ，Ｃｈｏｎｄｒｉｔｅｓ，Ｐａｌａｅｏｐｈｙｃｕｓ，Ｐｈｙｃｏｄｅｓ以及Ａｒｅｎｉｃｏｌｉｔｅｓ，Ｍｏｎｏｍｏｒｐｈｉｃｈｎｕｓ等。它们应属于Ｃｒｕｚｉａｎａ遗迹相范畴。文中阐述和讨论了它们的时空分布状况以及形成的环境，系统描述了这个遗迹群中的３１个遗迹属和３１个遗迹种，包括４新属５新种。     

北京昌平青白口系痕迹化石

北京昌平青白口系长龙山组和景儿峪组发育有丰富的痕迹化石,其中长龙山组产有Ｈｅｌｍｉｎｔｈｏｐｓｉｓ ｓｐ．,Ｃｏｃｈｌｉｃｈｎｕｓ ｓｐ．,代表潮下低能环境;景儿峪组产有Ｓｋｏｌｉｔｈｏｓ ｓｐ．和Ｍｏｎｏｃｒａｔｅｒｉｏｎ ｓｐ．,代表高能潮间环境。     

广西横县六景民塘组Treptichnus的发现及其环境意义

详细描述了广百横县六景民塘组的Ｔｒｅｐｔｉｃｈｎｕｓｐｏｌｌａｒｄｉ遗迹化石的特点，根据Ｔ．ｐｏｌｌａｒ－ｄｉ产出层位的地质背景、宿主灰岩的碳酸盐微相特点及其遗迹化石本身特点，对照国外相同遗迹化石的沉积条件，指出六景民塘组的Ｔ．ｐｏｌｌａｒｄｉ形成于生物礁或生物滩后湖的较深部位，以短期的、周期性的风暴作用和以悬浮的粘土和泥晶碳酸盐的缓慢沉积作用为主。     

广东滩涂经济鱼类寄生吸虫：Ⅲ.单孔科,单脏科科八睾科吸虫的研究（复殖目）

本文对广东滩涂经济鱼类寄生复殖吸虫中的单孔科ＨａｐｌｏｐｏｒｉｄａｅＮｉｃｏｌｌ,１９１４,单脏科ＨａｌｏｓｐｌａｎｃｈｎｉｄａｅＰｏｃｈｅ,１９２６和八睾科ＯｃｔｏｔｅｓｔｉｄａｅＹａｍａｇｕｔｉ,１９７１吸虫进行研究,其中长尾亚科Ｅｌｏｇｎｉｎｕｒｉｎａｅ和鲻长尾吸虫Ｅｌｏｎｇｉｎｕｒｕｓｍｕｕｎｇｉｌｕｓ分别作为单孔科的新亚科和新属新种;雄囊新单脏吸虫Ｎｅｏｈａｐｌｏｓｐｌａｎｃｈｎｕｓｃｉ     

广东滩涂经济鱼类寄生吸虫──Ⅲ、单孔科、单脏科和八睾科吸虫的研究(复殖目)

本文对广东滩涂经济鱼类寄生复殖吸虫中的单孔科ＨａｐｌｏｐｏｒｉｄａｅＮｉｃｏｌｌ,１９１４,单胜科ＨａｐｌｏｓｐｌａｎｃｈｎｉｄａｅＰｏｃｈｅ,１９２６和八睾科ＯｃｔｏｔｅｓｔｉｄａｅＹａｍａｇｕｔｉ,１９７１吸虫进行研究,其中长尾亚科Ｅｌｏｎａｉｎｕｒｉｎａｅ和鲻长尾吸虫Ｅｌｏｎｇｉｎｕｒｕｓｍｕｕｇｉｌｕｓ分别作为单孔科的新亚科和新属新种;雄囊新单脏吸虫Ｎｅｏｈａｐｌｏｓｐｌａｎｃｈｎｕｓｃｉｒｒｕｓａｃｉ作为单脏科的新属新种;天竺鲷八睾吸虫Ｏｃｔｏｔｅｓｔｉｓａｐｏｇｏｎｉ作为八睾科、八睾吸虫属Ｏｃｔｏｔｅｓｔｉｓ（Ｗａｎｇ,１９６３）Ｙａｍａｇｕｔｉ,１９５１的新种。     

昆明附近早寒武世遗迹化石

报道了昆明地区下寒武统筇竹寺组玉案山段和沧浪铺组乌龙箐段所发现的遗迹化石共１３属１５种，其中１新属６新种为：ＱｉｐａｎｓｈａｎｉｃｈｎｕｓｇｙｒｕｓＬｕｏｅｔＴａｏｉｃｈｎｏｇｅｎ．ｅｔｉｃｈｎｏｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．，ＡｒｔｈｒｏｐｈｙｃｕｓｑｉｏｎｇｚｈｕｓｉｅｎｓｉｓＬｕｏｉｃｈｎｏｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．，ＢｉｆｕｎｇｉｔｅｓｋｕｎｙａｎｇｅｎｓｉｓＬｕｏｉｃｈｎｏｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．，ＣｒｕｚｉａｎａｂｅｉｆｅｎｇｗａｎｅｎｓｉｓＬｕｏｅｔＧａｏｉｃｈｎｏｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．，ＰａｌａｅｏｐｈｙｃｕｓｂｅｉｆｅｎｇｗａｎｅｎｓｉｓＬｕｏｉｃｈｎｏｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．，ＡｒｃｈａｅｉｃｈｎｉｕｍｋｕｎｍｉｎｇｅｎｓｉｓＬｕｏｉｃｈｎｏｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．。这些遗迹化石均产于开阔台地相潮下带的低能环境，为浅海相的Ｇｒｕｚｉａｎａ遗迹相。     

BIOEROSIVE STRUCTURES OF SCLEROZOAN FORAMINIFERA FROM THE LOWER PLIOCENE OF SOUTHERN SPAIN: A CONTRIBUTION TO THE PALAEOECOLOGY OF MARINE HARD SUBSTRATE COMMUNITIES

Abstract:  A palaeoecological study of sclerozoan foraminifera of the families Saccamminidae (aff. Sagenina ), Lituolidae ( Placopsilina ), Cibicididae ( Cibicides , Dyocibicides , Cibicidella ) and Planorbulinidae ( Planorbulina and Planorbulinella ) that colonized epifaunal bivalves (ostreids and pectinids) during the early Pliocene in southern Spain has led to the recognition of two new boring ichnogenera: Camarichnus ichnogen. nov., with two ichnospecies, C .  subrectangularis ichnosp. nov. and C .  arcuatus ichnosp. nov., and Canalichnus ichnogen. nov., with one ichnospecies, C .  tenuis ichnosp. nov. The first two ichnospecies were produced by adnate lituolids and cibicidids, the last by saccamminids. Their recognition is very important when quantifying populations of these organisms. Colonisation took place after death of the host bivalves, when they acted as very stable substrates whose topography probably controlled the initial settlement pattern of the foraminifera. The colonisation sequence started with the foraminifera (lituolids-saccamminids-cibicidids-planorbulinids) and was followed by vermetid gastropods, serpulids, spirorbids, cheilostome bryozoans and/or ostreids. Preferred orientations and overgrowth relationships between cheilostome bryozoans and serpulids have been detected in this material.     

New trace fossils of termites (Insecta: Isoptera) from the late Eocene‐early Miocene of Egypt,and the reconstruction of ancient isopteran social behavior

Three new ichnogenera and five new ichnospecies are described for new trace fossils of termitaria (including associated gallery systems) of subterranean termites from upper Eocene through lower Miocene rocks of northern Egypt. All but two ichnospecies (Krausichnus trompitus, ichnogen, and ichnosp. nov., and A’, altus, ichnosp. nov.) show varying degrees of affinity to nests of the extant subterranean termite species Sphaerotermes sphaerothorax (Termitidae, Macro‐termitinae).

Termitichnus qatranii (Bown, 1982) is divided into two ichnospecies, the previously named T. qatranii, and a more generalized form, T. simplicidens, ichnosp. nov. Vondrichnus obovatus, ichnogen. and ichnosp. nov., is named for simple, possibly macrotermitine nests with oblate form, and Fleaglellius pagodus, ichnogen. and ichnosp. nov., records a nest form similar to V. obovatus, but one in which successive vertical growth by chamber apposition has produced a subterranean, tower‐like structure, reminiscent of that built by extant, epigeous Cubitermes. Krausichnus trompitus, ichnogen. and ichnosp. nov., and A’, altus, ichnosp. nov., record two unique nest architectures probably produced by unknown but related species of humivorous termites. The nest architecture expressed by Krausichnus is of wholly unknown affinity and is only distantly related in form to the ichnofossils of other termite nests known from the Tertiary of Egypt.

Study of the architecture of the nests of these ancient termites reveals details important in reconstructing the phylogeny of termite nests and documents two novel blueprints for chamber expansion and society budding in what were probably primitive Macrotermi‐tinae. It also indicates that at least two constructed edifices, earlier known only as epigeous manifestations of extant termite species, were almost certainly first developed by species living underground.

The extant Macrotermitinae are a subfamily of termites originally believed to have evolved in the post‐Eocene of the Ethiopian biogeo‐graphic region. We offer fossil evidence of four distinct, possibly macrotermitine structures from upper Eocene rocks. This evidence suggests that this termite subfamily (or at least their peculiar mode of nest construction) might have evolved considerably earlier, as it is already well established and exhibits several variants by the late Eocene in Egypt.     

An Overview of the Ichnological and Ethological Studies in the Cave Bear Den in Urşilor Cave (Western Carpathians,Romania)

This paper presents a preliminary investigation of late Pleistocene cave bear traces from Ur?ilor Cave in the western Carpathians, Romania. The bears left thousands of traces on the walls, plateaus, and slopes of the cave interior. Some areas in the cave have been heavily trampled, leaving more than 140 hibernation beds as well as fur impressions. The footprints of cave bears are assigned to Ursichnus europaeus nov. ichnogen. and nov. ichnosp. and the cave bear-beds to Ursalveolus carpathicus nov. ichnogen. and nov. ichnosp. as behavioral traces. Tens of thousands of scratch marks on the slopes and top of a clay plateau are the result of bears moving from the hibernation area down to a stream and back. These traces reveal that the cave bears had short claws, similar to those of modern, primarily herbivorous black bears. Deep within the cave, three weathered, articulated cave bear skeletons still lie in their hibernation beds on the clay plateaus or a natural cave corner. One of these bears was a one-year-old male cub that did not survive its first hibernation; a second skeleton close was an adult female. The third, a young male, was found close to the end of the cave system. The bears of Ur?ilor Cave would have felt well protected against carnivores during their hibernation because their sleeping places were so deep within the cave. Their strategy may well have been to avoid any conflict with hyenas and lions during hibernation.     

陕西子洲中侏罗世早期恐龙足迹初步研究

陕西子洲县中侏罗统延安组砂岩中,同一地点共厚约1.7 m的5个层面发现4种食肉类恐龙足迹,自上而下分别为:1)第5层面大型三趾型足迹,实雷龙足迹科王氏子洲足迹(新遗迹属、新遗迹种)Zizhoupus wangi ichnogen.et ichnosp,nov.;2)第4和第3层面中型三趾型足迹,实雷龙足迹科龙尾峁张北足迹(新遗迹种)Changpeipus longweimaoensis inchnosp.nov.;3)第2层面小型三趾或四趾型足迹,虚骨龙类小理河陕西足迹(新遗迹种)Shensipus xiaoliheensis inchnosp.nov.;4)第1层面小型三趾型足迹,虚骨龙类的铜川陕西足迹Shensipus tungchuanensis.     

EARLY DEVONIAN BIOEROSION IN THE RADE DE BREST, ARMORICAN MASSIF, FRANCE

Abstract:  Abundant and diverse bioerosion trace fossils in the Lower Devonian of the Rade de Brest, France, were produced by boring ctenostomate bryozoans, polychaete annelids and algae. Two unidentifiable traces of encrusting sclerobionts are also considered. Two new taxa are described: Pinaceocladichnus cristatus ichnosp. nov. and Ichnogutta erectus ichnogen. et ichnosp. nov. Both are attributed to the work of boring bryozoans. Sedimentary condensation during intervals of sea-level rise seems to have had an important influence in promoting infestation by organisms, the activities of which are now preserved as trace fossils. A zonation of bioerosion trace fossils within the offshore zone, in the Lower Devonian of the Armorican Massif, is also suggested.     

Lower Jurassic Arthropod Resting Trace from the Hartford Basin of Massachusetts,USA

Cheliceratichnus lockleyi ichnogen. nov. et ichnosp. nov. is a new ichnotaxon of arthropod resting trace (cubichnium) from the Lower Jurassic (Hettangian) East Berlin Formation in Holyoke, Massachusetts, USA. The trace fossil is preserved as showing many of the external anatomical features of the exoskeleton, which resemble those of some chelicerates, notably sun spiders (Solifugae). The resting trace is directly associated with a trackway of the ichnospecies Acanthichnus cursorius Hitchcock. This is the first described fossil resting trace of a solifugan-like arthropod, and the first direct evidence of a trackmaker of A. cursorius.     

再论假裸枝叠层石科*

内蒙古桌子山地区中奥陶统公乌素组遗迹化石十分丰富.本文共鉴定、描述14个遗迹属、17个遗迹种,其中1新遗迹属——Biscopulatichnus、4新遗种和6未定种.并根据不同遗迹属在不同层位中的相对丰度,建立了4个遗迹组合,自下而上的顺序是:1. Taenidium-Phycodes 组合;2. Volkichnium 组合;3. Helminthopsis 组合;4. Granularia-Circulichnus 组合,大致相当于 Seilacher (1967) 的 Zoophycos 遗迹相,反映出公乌素组沉积期,水体较深且宁静、缺氧、有机质含量高,推测应为大陆斜坡环境.     

a new ichnogenus for etchings made by cheilostome bryozoans into calcareous substrates

Some encrusting cheilostome bryozoans etch a pattern of small pits into hard calcareous substrates, especially calcitic and aragonitic shells of molluscs. These patterns, herein described as Leptichnus ichnogen. nov., comprise pits which are sub-circular to elongate in cross section and are found in either uniserial ( L. dromeus isp. nov.) or multiserial arrangements ( L. peristroma isp. nov., the type species). Each pit corresponds to the location of a single zooid in the bryozoan colony. The oldest known Leptichnus is Late Cretaceous (Maastrichtian), the trace fossil first becomes common in the Cenozoic, and at least nine modern cheilostome genera produce incipient Leptichnus. Leptichnus can be the only evidence remaining of encrusting cheilostomes following taphonomic or diagenetic loss of their calcareous skeletons. The mechanism by which bryozoans etch into their calcareous substrates is unknown but is almost certain to be chemical and necessitates having windows in the basal walls of the zooids which permit contact with the substratum beneath. Etching may result in better adherence to the substrate, giving protection from abrasion and bioerosion.     

内蒙古查布地区下白垩统巨齿龙足印化石

内蒙古鄂尔多斯市鄂托克旗查布地区下白垩统中产有大量的蜥脚类和兽脚类恐龙足迹及鸟类足迹化石,作者对这个地区的足迹化石进行全面普查,发现许多新暴露出来的恐龙足迹化石,包括兽脚类恐龙足迹一新属新种Chapuslockleyiichnogen.etichnosp.nov.属于巨齿龙类(megalosaurid)所留。与兽脚类足迹保存在一起的蜥脚类足迹Brontopodusbirdi分布凌乱,反映了造迹恐龙搏斗的场面。通过测量连续的兽脚类足迹计算,Chapuslockleyi的造迹恐龙的行走速度为4.33km/h。通过足迹化石还识别出造迹恐龙的病态特征。     

Amanitichnus omittus ichnogen. et ichnosp. nov. from the Middle Cambrian,Barrandian area,Czech Republic

The newly established ichnofossil Amanitichnus Omittus ichnogen. et ichnosp. nov. represents a complex burrow system consisting of upward convex conical structures with radiate sculpture, recurring in different stratification levels and connected by a subvertical shaft. The system is interpreted as an intrastratal fodinichnion with some resemblance to epistratal Oldhamia and Glockerichnus. The ichnofossil occurs in the silty Skryje Shale of Middle Cambrian age and is accompanied by common benthic body fossils and by ichnofossils of the Cruziana ichnofacies.