《Flora of China》中蒲葵属之分类订正

通过调查,对Livistona chinensis的后选模式、L.fengkaiensis和L.jenkinsiana的主模式、L.saribus的等新模式、L.speciosa的等模式与《Flora of China》中的上述种类作比较,证实《Flora of China》中的L.jenkinsiana是L.speciosa Kurz,后者被中国分类学文献（如《海南植物志》、《中国植物志》、《福建植物志》、《云南植物志》）误定为L.saribus。L.speciosa的果倒卵形、椭圆形或卵形,而L.jenkinsiana的果肾形或近球形。源于《中国植物志》的L.saribus并非原产于中国。在中国,L.speciosa原产于云南、广东、海南和福建,L.chinensis原产于广东和台湾,而L.jenkinsiana和L.saribus仅被引种至中国的植物园。     

骨碎补铁角蕨（铁角蕨科）——海南岛一新分布种

报导了海南岛铁角蕨科一新分布种,即骨碎补铁角蕨(Asplenium ritoense Hayata)。在国内的植物志采用的学名是一不合法名称,即Asplenium davallioides Hook.。应给予纠正。     

12种鹅绒藤属（萝藦科）植物花粉器形态学研究

用光学显微镜对萝藦科（Asclepiadaceae）鹅绒藤属（Cynanchum）12种植物花粉器形态进行了观察。结果表明：花粉块的形态有3种类型：球形、长球形和超长球形。着粉腺的形态有6种类型：长圆形、方形、近方形、三角形、正三角形和近三角形。花粉器形态学结果对青羊参（Cynanchum otophyllum）在鹅绒藤属中的分类具有较大意义;支持《中国植物志》第63卷中对催吐白前组（Sect. Vincetoxicum）的分组处理;结合鹅绒藤属花粉块下垂,娃儿藤属（Tylophora）花粉块平展的特点,支持将娃儿藤属作为一个独特类群的观点。     

新疆桦木属(Betula L.)新分类群

为与中国植物志21卷桦木属的分组等级保持一致,将新疆桦木属(Betula Linn.)分为1组(Sect.),4亚组(Subsect.);8种,5变种。其中包括1新亚组,4新变种和1新纪录种。     

《温州植物志》,展示了市级植物志的价值

<正>在《中国植物志》和Flora of China等全国性志书以及《浙江植物志》等省级志书出版之后,是否有必要继续编写市级植物志?《温州植物志》的编研实践给出了肯定的答案。丁炳扬和金川主编的五卷本《温州植物志》于2017年由中国林业出版社正式出版发行,全书358万字,是近百年来温州植物资源调查和分类研究的系统总结。全书分概     

中国分类学文献中Swietenia mahagoni之订正

通过调查,对Swietenia mahagoni的后选模式、S.macrophylla的主模式与中国分类学文献(如《植物分类学报》、《广州植物志》、《中国高等植物图鉴》、《云南植物志》、《广东植物志》、《中国植物志》和《中国高等植物》)的S.mahagoni作比较,证实中国分类学文献将S.mahagoni和S.macrophylla相混,上述分类学文献中的S.mahagon是S.macrophylla King。桃花心木(S.mahagoni(L.)Jacq.)的羽状复叶及小叶较短,小叶长度绝不超过10 cm,果卵球形,长度绝不超过15 cm;而大叶桃花心木(S.macrophylla King)的羽状复叶及小叶较长,总有一部分小叶的长度超过10 cm,果长卵球形,长12~22 cm。     

《中国植物志》已出版33个卷册

《中国植物志》由中国科学院中国植物志编辑委员会编辑,科学出版社出版。全书共80卷,约分120个卷册出版。该书自1959年开始出版以来,现已出版了33个卷册。《中国植物志》是一部总结我国现有厥类植物和种子植物种类的基本资料,它不但是植物分类学的     

中国蕨类植物志中两色鳞毛蕨学名的纠正

两色鳞毛蕨（Dryopteris bissetiana（Baker）C．Chr．）在中国是比较常见和熟知的一种蕨类植物。《中国植物志》和《云南植物志》中采用的是一不合法的学名。在此给予纠正。     

《云南高等植物电子辞典》印象

2009年,由中国科学院昆明植物研究所组织编写完成的《云南高等植物电子辞典》光盘版,由云南音像出版社正式出版发行。数据库是在已出版的《云南植物志》的基础上,参考《中国高等植物科属检索表》、《中国植物志》、《中国种子植物数据库》光盘、《云南种子植物名录》、《横断山维管植物名录》等相关内容而研发的。2000年我也使用过《中国种子植物》数据库光盘,也写了一篇名为《中国种子植物》     

中国植物分类学的那些事儿

正中国植物种类丰富,仅研究得比较清楚的高等植物(包括苔藓植物、蕨类植物和种子植物,但是不包括藻类植物、菌物和地衣)就多达35784种,为公认的北半球植物种类最多的国家,世界上也名列前茅,特别是具有丰富的特有类群。《中国植物志》(1959—2004)和英文版《中国植物志》(Flora of     

同形鳞毛蕨成精子囊素系统的初步研究

研究了同形鳞毛蕨成精子囊素对该种和水蕨孢子萌发和配子体发育的影响,结果表明：同形鳞毛蕨配子体能产生成精子囊素,该成精子囊素能抑制同种孢子的萌发,抑制作用随配子体成熟度的增加而增强;同形鳞毛蕨成精子囊素还可促进同种孢子发育为雄配子体;光照条件下,同形鳞毛蕨成精子囊素对水蕨孢子萌发和配子体发育影响不大,黑暗条件下,同形鳞毛蕨成精子囊素能显著的促使水蕨孢子提早萌发,但都不影响其孢子最终萌发率和配子体的性别分化,表明同形鳞毛蕨和水蕨的成精子囊素不属于同一系统。     

香鳞毛蕨配子体发育的研究

研究了香鳞毛蕨(Dryopteris fragrans (L.)Schott)配子体的发育过程。结果发现孢子极面观为椭圆形,赤道面观为半圆形,单裂缝。孢子萌发为书带蕨型;丝状体2～9个细胞长,有明显顶端细胞,可形成多细胞的广阔板状片状体;片状体顶端分生组织继续分裂,发育为幼原叶体;原叶体发育为三叉蕨型;毛状体数量丰富,均为单细胞;颈卵器和精子器几乎同时形成,较小;成熟原叶体倒卵状心脏形。该配子体表现为进化性状。     

贡山三尖杉的新名称(Cephalotaxus talonensis Cheng et Feng ex S.G.Lu et X.D.Lang)及分类地位

提议贡山三尖杉的新名称Cephalotaxus talonensis Cheng et Feng ex S.G.Lu et X.D.Lang替代不合法的旧名称Cephalotaxus lanceolata K.M.Feng in Cheng et al.(晚出同名)。对比贡山三尖杉和三尖杉Cephalotaxus fortunei Hooker的模式标本和自然生长状态下的叶片形态,支持将贡山三尖杉处理为种的等级,不赞同Silba(1990)将贡山三尖杉降为三尖杉的变种［Cephalotaxus fortunei Hooker var. lanceolata(Feng) Silba］。文中提供4幅参照图片。     

Relationships and origins of the Dryopteris varia (L.) Kuntze species complex (Dryopteridaceae) in Korea inferred from nuclear and chloroplast DNA sequences

The Dryopteris varia species complex belongs to D. subg. Erythrovariae sect. Variae and includes eight closely related, controversial species. In Korea, six species belong to the complex; D. varia s. str., Dryopteris pacifica, Dryopteris sacrosancta, Dryopteris bissetiana, Dryopteris saxifraga, and Dryopteris saxifragivaria. The morphology of these species is highly variable due to the frequent occurrence of agamospory, hybridization, and/or polyploidization. We analyzed sequences of the nDNA pgiC and cpDNA rbcL, trnL–trnF IGS and atpF–atpH IGS regions from all six of these species to elucidate their relationships and origins, and to investigate the parentage of the putative hybrid taxon, D. saxifragivaria. Fourteen nDNA pgiC haplotypes and five cpDNA haplotypes were obtained from accessions of the D. varia complex in Korea. In particular, all accessions examined appear to have multiple pgiC haplotypes. Maximum parsimony and Bayesian inference analyses of the nDNA and cpDNA sequence data show that the agamosporous triploids D. sacrosancta and D. pacifica are of allopolyploid origin involving interspecific hybridization. The results also indicate that agamosporous triploid individuals of D. saxifragivaria in Korea were derived from hybridization between sexual diploid individuals of D. saxifraga (maternal) and agamosporous diploid individuals of D. bissetiana (paternal). In addition, our results strongly suggest that the agamosporous triploid D. varia s. str. is probably of autopolyploid origin, and cytoplasmic gene flow has occurred from D. sacrosancta to Dryopteris chinensis of D. subg. Dryopteris.     

A phloroglucinol derivative of Dryopteris abbreviata

A new phloroglucinol derivative, abbreviatin BB, has been isolated from Dryopteris abbreviata. Its structure was elucidated to be methylene-bis-met     

A revision of Dryopteris sect. Diclisodon (Dryopteridaceae) based on morphological and molecular evidence with description of a new species

Dryopteris sect. Diclisodon is a small section of ferns with about 12 species mainly distributed in East Asia. Here, we carried out morphological and phylogenetic analyses of this section. A new species from southwest China, D. gaoligongensis, is described and illustrated. Dryopteris gaoligongensis resembles D. indonesiana and D. sparsa, but differs by having a creeping rhizome and large 4-pinnate fronds. We also show that D. glabrior Ching & Z.Y. Liu is a distinct species; however, because it is a later homonym of D. glabrior Copel., it should be renamed D. renchangiana. We conclude that a species previously known as D. nitidula, also an illegitimate homonym, should be recognized with a new name, D. sinonepalensis. We resolve the phylogenetic position of D. yoroii as sister to other sampled species of D. sect. Diclisodon. Our phylogenetic analyses confirm the distinctiveness of D. gaoligongensis, D. renchangiana, and D. sinonepalensis. A key to species of D. sect. Diclisodon in China is provided.     

Phytochemical investigation of the rhizomes of Dryopteris crassirhizoma

A comprehensive phytochemical investigation of the rhizomes of Dryopteris crassirhizoma Nakai resulted in the isolation and identification of one new trimeric phloroglucinol, trisflavaspidic acid ABB (1) together with 12 known compounds including phloroglucinol, flavan, terpene, phenolic and acyclic analogs. Their structures were established by spectroscopic methods including IR, UV, MS and 1D and 2D NMR.     

Unusual terpenylated acylphloroglucinols from Dryopteris wallichiana

Four unusual terpenylated acylphloroglucinols were isolated from the diethyl ether extract of the scales and rhizomes of the fern Dryopteris wallichiana together with the known compounds albaspidins AA and AB, and filixic acids ABA and ABB. Structures of the isolated compounds were established by extensive spectroscopic analysis and their absolute configuration at C-14″ was determined by comparing their CD spectra with those simulated for the respective isomers. Pure acylphloroglucinols displayed moderate in vitro nematocidal activity against L4 stage larvae of Nippostrongylus brasiliensis (LD₅₀ = 22–121 μM).     

Reproductive and competitive interactions among gametophytes of the allotetraploid fern Dryopteris corleyi and its two diploid parents

Background and Aims

Several models predict that the establishment of polyploids within diploid populations is enhanced by non-random mating (i.e. selfing and assortative mating) of cytotypes and by a higher relative fitness of polyploids. This report assesses the role that antheridiogens (i.e. maleness-inducing pheromones) and intercytotype differences in growth rate have on polyploid performance.

Methods

Three buckler-fern species were studied: the allotetraploid Dryopteris corleyi and its diploid parents, D. aemula and D. oreades. In one experiment, gametophytes of these species were cultured under rich growth conditions to compare the timing of gametangia production. The substrata on which these gametophytes had grown were used as antheridiogen sources in a second experiment. The three species were combined as source and target of antheridiogen (i.e. nine species pairs). Timing of antheridia production and gametophyte size were determined after those antheridiogen treatments.

Key Results

Under rich growth conditions the allotetraploid produced archegonia earlier than those of diploid parents. Female gametophytes of the three species produced antheridiogens that inhibited growth and favoured maleness both within and among species. Gametophyte size was similar in the three species but antheridia formed earlier in the allotetraploid.

Conclusions

Unisexuality, promoted by non-specific antheridiogens, enhances random mating both within and among species. The resulting hybridization can favour the reproductive exclusion of the allopolyploid in sites where it is outnumbered by diploids. However, the earlier production of gametangia in the allotetraploid favours assortative mating and may thus counterbalance reproductive exclusion.Key words: Allopolyploidy, antheridiogen, assortative mating, Dryopteris aemula, Dryopteris corleyi, Dryopteris oreades, gametophytes, gender expression, minority cytotype exclusion