布氏菌104M变异株毒力及保护力研究

目的研究皮上划痕人用布氏菌活疫苗104M变异株的残余毒力及保护力。方法对布氏菌104M变异株进行菌种检定。通过测定布氏菌104M变异株与未变异株的半数致死量(50%lethal dose,LD50),比较两者的残余毒力;用布氏菌104M变异株与未变异株分别免疫小鼠,4周后用羊型弱毒或强毒布氏菌皮下攻击,4周后测定脾脏细菌数,比较布氏菌104M变异株与未变异株的保护效果。结果菌种检定结果显示,布氏菌104M变异株与未变异株分别符合变异及未变异布氏菌株特征。104M未变异株LD50为1.1×109,变异株LD50为2.2×1010。用羊型弱毒及强毒布氏菌攻击后,布氏菌104M变异株与未变异株均具有较好的保护效果,但104M变异株保护力低于未变异株,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论布氏菌104M变异株残余毒力比未变异株明显降低,保护力略低于未变异株。     

鼠疫耶尔森氏菌rV270抗原的克隆、表达及其免疫保护作用评价

目的：为研制鼠疫亚单位疫苗,克隆、表达并纯化去除产生免疫抑制作用序列后的鼠疫耶尔森氏菌LcrV抗原（rV270）。方法：依据已知的LcrV的核苷酸序列,避开其产生免疫抑制作用的区段设计引物,扩增rV270基因并克隆到pET24a载体中,在大肠杆菌BL21中表达His-rV270融合蛋白：表达产物先后经Co^2＋亲和层析和Sephacryl S-200HR凝胶柱纯化,并在纯化过程中应用凝血酶切除His标塔;氢氧化铝佐剂吸附重组抗原后免疫BALB／c小鼠,初次免疫后第21天加强免疫1次,第5周使用104CFU鼠疫菌141强毒株攻毒,测定其免疫保护作用。结果：rV270以可溶性方式表达;应用Co^2＋亲和层析柱和Sephacryl S-200HR凝胶柱结合凝血蛋白酶切除His标签的方法可得到不含标签的较高纯度的重组蛋白;攻毒实验中实验组小鼠全部存活,而对照组全部死亡。结论：获得了具有良好免疫保护作用的rV270蛋白,可用于鼠疫亚单位疫苗的研究。     

新城疫病毒F蛋白中两段七肽重复序列的克隆和表达

从新城疫病毒 (NDV)中国强毒株F4 8E9和弱毒株长春株F蛋白的cDNA中亚克隆出两段七肽重复序列(HeptadRepeatRegion ,HR1,HR2 ) ,将HR1和HR2分别插入表达载体pGEX 6p 1,在大肠杆菌BL2 1(DE3 )中表达 ,将与载体中的GST(GlutathioneS Trasferase)融合表达的可溶性融合蛋白用GST亲和层析柱纯化。纯化的融合蛋白用蛋白酶酶切后 ,先用GST亲和层析柱除去GST ,再加热进一步纯化。纯化的HR1和HR2质谱分析其分子量 ,结果表明 ,强株的HR1和HR2的分子量分别为 7 10 3kD和 6 3 0 1kD ,弱株的HR1和HR2的分子量分别为 7 10 7kD和6 3 0 9kD ,强弱株HR1和HR2的分子量都基本一致。本工作为研究HR1、HR2的结构以及它们在NDV与宿主细胞融合中的作用奠定了基础。     

应用单克隆抗体鉴定光滑型布氏杆菌A和M位点的分布

<正> 检查了有毒和无毒布氏菌的表面大分子脂肪、蛋白质、肽聚糖以及脂多糖(LPSs)的含量和结构,光滑型菌种之间的主要区别在于表面的脂多糖部份.已发现光滑型布氏杆菌含有A和M两种不同抗原.在光滑布氏菌株中,两种抗原的相关量不同,而在粗糙型菌株中缺乏。在牛种布氏菌2208、19和1119株中发现了A-LPS。在羊种布氏菌16M和15M株中发现了M-LPS。而牛种Ⅳ,猪种Ⅳ的A和M-LPS两者的量几乎相等。     

用乙脑病毒减毒株单克隆抗体分析乙脑病毒强毒株和减毒株的抗原差别

用乙型脑炎(乙脑)病毒强毒株免疫制备的单克隆抗体(McAb)分析证明强毒株之间的抗原差别,已有研究报道。本实验用乙脑病毒减毒活疫苗2-8株免疫制备的McAb分析强毒株和减毒株之间的抗原差别。 一、乙脑病毒株 2-8株和5-3株均为减毒活疫苗株。SA14株和A2株均为强毒株,SA14株是2-8株和5-3株的母株,A2株是国内实验室标准株。     

2308、M28、S1330、16M四株布鲁氏菌灭活参数研究

【目的】比较不同灭活方法对布鲁氏菌灭活的效果,确定灭活参数,为制备布鲁氏菌灭活抗原提供参考。【方法】将4株布鲁氏菌参考强毒株2308(牛种)、M28(羊种)、S1330(猪种)以及16M(羊种)分别经大豆酶消化蛋白胨(TSA)培养基培养繁殖后,用生理盐水制成(4-8)×1010 CFU/m L的菌悬液,分成等份于80 oC灭活不同时间,另将同样浓度的菌悬液分别用不同浓度甲醛于37 oC灭活不同时间,通过灭活检验,确定灭活效果。取经甲醛和热灭活的16M抗原,分别以1×1010 CFU/只剂量皮下注射1.5-2.0 kg家兔2只,免疫6周内,每周采血用虎红平板凝集试验(RBT)和试管凝集试验(SAT)测定抗体效价。【结果】80 oC、5 min可灭活2308、S1330和16M三种菌株,80 oC、10 min可灭活全部4种菌株。0.2%甲醛灭活7 d,4种试验菌株均不能被彻底灭活;0.4%甲醛在12 h内只能灭活16M,72 h可灭活M28;0.4%甲醛灭活2308和S1330两次试验结果差异较大。0.6%甲醛可在72 h内灭活4种试验菌。不同方法灭活的16M抗原免疫家兔后,其血清抗体虎红平板凝集和试管凝集效价消长趋势基本一致,甲醛灭活的抗原免疫原性略高于热灭活抗原。【结论】80 oC热灭活和0.6%甲醛灭活均可用于对布鲁氏菌的灭活,且不影响布鲁氏菌的免疫原性。     

鸡传染性支气管炎病毒广西分离毒株抗原相关性的研究

本研究将26个传染性支气管炎病毒(Infectious bronchitis virus,IBV)广西分离毒株以及参考株M41和常用疫苗株H120、Ma5和4/91共30个毒株,分别与根据这些毒株S1基因高变区Ⅰ的基因分型结果而选取的属于3个不同亚群的7个代表性分离毒株和常用疫苗株H120、Ma5和4/91制备的共10个单因子血清,在鸡胚气管环培养(TOC)上进行病毒中和试验,然后根据中和试验结果对1985～2008年间课题组所分离的26个IBV广西地方流行毒株与3个常用疫苗株H120、Ma5和4/91以及参考毒株M41的抗原相关性及其血清型进行分析。结果显示,30个试验的毒株分属7个不同的血清型,其中26个分离株有两个优势血清型(占总分离株的68%),分别是血清1型(包含13个毒株)和血清2型(包含5个毒株)。此外,我们还将分离毒株的血清分型结果与重要抗原基因(包括S1、N、M和3′UTR)的分型结果之间的关系进行了比较,发现它们之间的分型结果不尽相同。研究结果表明,近年来广西存在多个血清型IBV的流行而且不同时期流行的优势血清型不同,分离毒株之间以及分离毒株与疫苗毒株之间的抗原相关性也存在着差异。     

猪源马链球菌兽疫亚种表达的类M蛋白黏附抑制性单抗的获得

根据马链球菌兽疫亚种(Streptococcus equi subsp.zooepidemicus)猪源株ATCC35246株的类M蛋白基因序列,通过PCR技术,扩增出无信号肽的类M蛋白基因并定向克隆至表达载体pET-32a( )中。重组质粒经酶切鉴定和测序后,在大肠杆菌BL21中表达,获得60kDa产物,Western blot显示,其与ATCC35246株多克隆抗血清反应,抗原性良好。以His亲和层析柱纯化重组类M蛋白作为抗原免疫8周龄的BALB/c小鼠,采用淋巴细胞杂交瘤技术制备了12株稳定分泌抗类M蛋白单抗的细胞株,特异性检测显示其与A群链球菌、猪链球菌2型以及马链球菌马亚种等没有交叉反应。单抗亚类鉴定显示,其中6株为IgG1,3株为IgG2,另外3株为IgM。从腹水中纯化的单抗效价为2.56×104~1.01×105。黏附抑制实验显示,其中一株单抗能阻断类M蛋白黏附HEp-2细胞。     

NDV F48E9株与La Sota株F蛋白B细胞表位差异分析区段的鉴定和免疫原性比较

本文对预测的NDV F48E9强毒株和La Sota 疫苗株F蛋白优势表位进行比较分析。根据预测结果设计克隆了两个毒株F蛋白各4段表位区,分别将每个毒株的4段表位区连接到原核表达载体上进行了体外表达,鉴定得到4段多肽的大小分别是P1：8.0KD、P2:10.8KD、P5:13.5KD、P6:10.5KD。应用F48E9和LaSota特异性抗血清对表达各肽段进行了抗原性鉴定,P1、P2、P5、P6段均呈阳性反应,表明其中含有线性B细胞表位。其中F48E9 P5 (FP5)和La Sota P5(LP5)与血清反应时有明显差异。FP5和LP5与鸡IL-18成熟肽（m ChIL-18）蛋白以不同组合免疫SPF鸡,ELISA检测各组的免疫活性,结果发现FP5与m ChIL-18蛋白联合免疫组的抗体水平高于LP5与m ChIL-18蛋白联合免疫组、FP5、LP5单独免疫组;用NDV F48E9株攻毒结果显示FP5具有20%的保护率,说明P5段与F蛋白免疫原性相关,而LaSota P5不能抵抗强毒的攻击,证明该表位区域在两个毒株之间存在着免疫原性差异。     

三株新城疫病毒强毒株的生物学特性及全基因组序列分析

2009～2011年从北方发病鸡群和鸭群中分离出3株新城疫病毒（Newcastle disease virus,NDV）。通过致病性指数测定及交叉血凝抑制试验初步分析了3个毒株的毒力和相互之间的同源性。选取鸡源分离株SDLY01与新城疫疫苗株（LaSota）进行了交叉保护试验,选取鸭源毒株SD03对樱桃谷鸭进行攻毒实验,同时设计引物对3个毒株进行了全基因组测序,并与36株NDV参考株进行了分子进化分析。结果表明3个分离株F蛋白裂解位点的氨基酸序列均为112R-R-Q-K-R-F117符合强毒株的序列特征,并与致病性指数测定结果相符。交叉血凝抑制试验发现3个分离株与疫苗株LaSota 的抗原同源性较低为82.5%～89.4%,两个鸡源分离株间的抗原同源性为90%,而鸭源毒株SD03与鸡源毒株SDSG01同源性为100%。交叉保护试验和攻毒实验结果显示传统的LaSota疫苗能对SDLY01流行株提供100%免疫保护,但第5天仍检测到排毒;鸭源毒株SD03对樱桃谷鸭不致病,但能检出排毒,排毒期最长为5d。全基因组测序与分析表明3个毒株基因组长度均为15192bp,属于基因Ⅶd型毒株,与同期流行的鹅源及鸭源NDV毒株之间全基因组核苷酸序列具有高度的同源性,揭示鸭源、鹅源NDV与鸡源NDV在遗传学和流行病学上密切相关。     

Chromatographic Separation of the Pigment Fractions from a Serratia marcescens Strain

A procedure was developed for the separation of pigment fractions in a wild-type Serratia marcescens strain. Separation was achieved by column chromatography and elution with several organic solvents. At least six pigment fractions were obtained from the alumina columns by this technique, whereas only four fractions had been reported previously. Spectral and elemental analyses indicate that, in S. marcescens, prodigiosin is a complex of six fractions, differing in absorption spectra while retaining the general characteristics of the whole pigment.     

受体型酪氨酸激酶PDGFRβ在毕赤酵母中的表达与纯化

构建了受体酪氨酸激酶 PDGFRβ 的融合表达载体 pPIC3.5K-PDGFRβ, 转化毕赤酵母GS115, 通过组氨酸营养缺陷型筛选, G4l8 高拷贝菌株筛选, 以及摇瓶诱导表达筛选, 得到一株高表达 PDGFRβ 毕赤酵母菌株 M3。对该菌株进行5 L罐培养, 镍柱亲和纯化在 250 mmol/L 咪唑浓度下洗下 PDGFRβ 融合蛋白, Western blot验证约为90.08 kD, 酶联免疫反应检测表明融合表达的PDGFRβ 具有高的酪氨酸激酶活性。为筛选其小分子抑制剂奠定了基础。     

New prospects for the epidemiologic and immunologic study of malaria by the Western blotting technic

A new modification in western blotting technique now permits the analysis of micro samples of blood collected from inhabitants of malaria endemic areas using several different antigens of Plasmodium falciparum. Compared to Immuno Fluorescent Assay and to Immuno Enzymology, ELISA (using somatic antigens and exoantigens of P. falciparum) the western blotting method gives a more detailed analysis. It seems to open new prospects for seroepidemiological studies of human malaria and for the selection of antigenic fractions that may allow the preparation of a vaccine.     

Identification of the Immunogenic Spore and Vegetative Proteins of Bacillus anthracis Vaccine Strain A16R

Immunoproteomics was used to screen the immunogenic spore and vegetative proteins of Bacillus anthracis vaccine strain A16R. The spore and vegetative proteins were separated by 2D gel electrophoresis and transferred to polyvinylidene difluoride membranes, and then western blotting was performed with rabbit immune serum against B.anthracis live spores. Immunogenic spots were cut and digested by trypsin. Matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry was performed to identify the proteins. As a result, 11 and 45 immunogenic proteins were identified in the spores and vegetative cells, respectively; 26 of which have not been reported previously. To verify their immunogenicity, 12 of the identified proteins were selected to be expressed, and the immune sera from the mice vaccinated by the 12 expressed proteins, except BA0887, had a specific western blot band with the A16R whole cellular lytic proteins. Some of these immunogenic proteins might be used as novel vaccine candidates themselves or for enhancing the protective efficacy of a protective-antigen-based vaccine.     

Selection by Anion-Exchange Chromatography of Exopolysaccharide Mutants of the Cyanobacterium Synechocystis Strain PCC 6803

The degree of retention of whole cells of Synechocystis strain PCC 6803 on DEAE-cellulose columns was shown to depend on their content of exopolysaccharides, which are at least in part responsible for the external negative charge of the cells. This feature was used for the isolation of mutants modified in the apparent viscosity caused by these macromolecular constituents. When a wild-type suspension was loaded onto a DE52 column, the cells eluting in the two extreme fractions of a 0 to 5 M NaCl step gradient represented 10⁻⁹ to 10⁻⁷ of the total eluted population. The accuracy of the procedure was established through the analysis of four clones: Suc(0)32 and Suc(0)65 (0 M) and Suc(5)64A and Suc(5)61 (5 M). The decreased viscosity of the exopolymers of the two 0 M clones, which appeared identical, could be related to the production of molecules less charged in uronic acids and more readily liberated from the cells. The two 5 M clones exhibited a lower sedimentation velocity, correlating with either a 60% increase in uronic acid and a doubling of the specific viscosity of the exopolysaccharides [clone Suc(5)64A] or a doubling of the per-cell production of polymers otherwise identical to those from wild-type cells [clone Suc(5)61].     

Strain and stage specific variation in Toxoplasma gondii antigens

The antigenic profile of virulent (RH, ENT, Martin) and avirulent (RRA, DEG, ME49) Toxoplasma strains was compared directly by western blotting using a panel of immune mouse sera. Dominant antigens of approximate MR 30-33, 21 and 25 x 10(3) were common to tachyzoites of all strains, however, there were significant quantitative and qualitative differences in the antigen profiles, indicating a moderate degree of strain specific polymorphism in tachyzoite antigens. We found no specific association between antigenic variation and strain virulence. Comparison of tachyzoite and bradyzoite antigens from homologous strains (RRA, DEG, ME49) confirmed the existence of stage specific antigens and demonstrated a conserved antigen profile among bradyzoites.     

Cloning and Characterization of the Genomic RNA Sequence of the Mumps Virus Strain Associated with a High Incidence of Aseptic Meningitis

cDNA clones of the mumps virus wild-type strain, associated with a high incidence of aseptic meningitis (ODATE-1 strain), were isolated and analyzed from genomic nucleotide position 22 to 8520 containing the NP, P, M., F, SH and HN protein coding region. The ODATE-1 strain exhibited a RFLP profile identical to that of the Urabe vaccine strain in spite of the fact that the virus was isolated from non-vaccinated cases. However, a comparison of nucleotide and amino acid sequences among the ODATE-1 strain, Urabe strain and Miyahara strain revealed that the ODATE-1 strain was not related to the Urabe strain.     

Propionic Acid Production by a Propionic Acid-Tolerant Strain of Propionibacterium acidipropionici in Batch and Semicontinuous Fermentation

A propionic acid-tolerant derivative of Propionibacterium acidipropionici P9 was obtained by serially transferring strain P9 through broth that contained increasing amounts of propionic acid. After 1 year of repeated transfers, a strain (designed P200910) capable of growth at higher propionic acid concentrations than P9 was obtained. An increase in the proportion of cellular straight-chain fatty acids and uncoupling of propionic acid production from growth were observed for strain P200910. Growth rate, sugar utilization, and acid production were monitored during batch and semicontinuous fermentations of semidefined medium and during batch fermentation of whey permeate for both strain P200910 and strain P9. The highest propionic acid concentration (47 g/liter) was produced by P200910 in a semicontinuous fermentation. Strain P200910 produced a higher ratio of propionic acid to acetic acid, utilized sugar more efficiently, and produced more propionic acid per gram of biomass than did its parent in all fermentations.     

共表达H5N1流感病毒M1和HA基因的DNA疫苗与腺病毒载体疫苗的小鼠免疫评价

为评价在小鼠体内表达流感病毒M1和HA基因诱导的免疫反应,制备共表达H5N1亚型禽流感病毒 (A/Anhui/1/2005) 全长基质蛋白1 (M1) 基因和血凝素 (HA) 基因的重组DNA疫苗pStar-M1/HA和重组腺病毒载体疫苗Ad-M1/HA,将其按初免-加强程序免疫BALB/c小鼠,共免疫4次,每次间隔14 d。第1、3次用DNA疫苗,第2、4次用重组腺病毒载体疫苗,每次免疫前及末次免疫后14 d采集小鼠血清用于检测体液免疫应答,末次免疫后14 d采集小鼠脾淋巴细胞用于检测细胞免疫应答。血凝