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杀菌剂对斜纹夜蛾SL细胞系和幼虫的生物活性 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
以MTT法筛选了19种杀菌剂对斜纹夜蛾Spodoptera litura SL细胞的毒杀活性,并以该方法研究了三唑类杀菌剂对SL细胞的毒力。结果表明: 福美双、烯唑醇、己唑醇、氟硅唑、苯霜灵、苯醚甲环唑、戊唑醇和腈菌唑等杀菌剂对SL细胞具有优异的毒杀活性。三唑类杀菌剂腈菌唑、烯唑醇、己唑醇和戊唑醇处理SL细胞48 h后,LC50值分别为21.94 μg/mL、 23.80 μg/mL、 33.16 μg/mL和47.63 μg/mL。以考马斯亮蓝G250法研究了腈菌唑对SL细胞中蛋白质含量和乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)漏出率的影响, 20 μg/mL腈菌唑处理12 h、24 h、48 h和72 h后,SL细胞中蛋白质含量分别降低8.55%、25.95%、42.95%和67.05%;处理24 h和48 h后,SL细胞的LDH漏出率分别为30.66%和32.05%。以浸叶喂食法处理斜纹夜蛾3龄幼虫,三唑类杀菌剂可显著抑制试虫体重增长。以0.5 μg/头、 1.0 μg/头和2.0 μg/头剂量的腈菌唑注射处理72 h后,斜纹夜蛾4龄幼虫血细胞数量分别降低12.31%、 25.96%和25.73%;腈菌唑注射处理48 h和72 h后,对斜纹夜蛾幼虫的LD50值分别为1.59 μg/头和1.53 μg/头。结果显示以离体培养细胞为对象,从现有杀菌剂中寻找新的杀虫剂先导化合物具有良好的研究潜力。 相似文献
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通过研究血啉甲醚(hematoporphyrin monomethyl ether, HMME)对斜纹夜蛾Spodoptera litura (SL)细胞的增殖抑制率IC50、处理后细胞内丙二醛(malondialdehyde, MDA)的生成量、细胞内还原型谷胱甘肽(glutathione, GSH)水平和细胞器超微结构的变化,明确血啉甲醚对SL细胞的氧化损伤,并探讨将血啉甲醚及其衍生物拓展应用到农业害虫防治领域的可行性。用MTT法测定血啉甲醚光照处理下对SL细胞24 h和48 h的IC50值分别为8.35 μg/mL和7.66 μg/mL。硫代巴比妥酸(TBA)法测定表明,血啉甲醚光活化后能导致胞内MDA含量明显升高,且MDA的生成量与其浓度呈正相关;当血啉甲醚浓度为50.000 μg/mL,光照处理48 h时,细胞内MDA生成量达到173.08±3.51 nmol/L。5,5′-二硫代双 (2-硝基)苯甲酸(DTNB)法对处理后细胞内GSH水平测定结果表明,光活化后的血啉甲醚处理SL细胞能导致细胞内还原型GSH相对含量随血啉甲醚浓度升高而显著降低;当血啉甲醚浓度为50.000 μg/mL,处理48 h时,光照处理组细胞内GSH相对含量较之同浓度黑暗处理下降了39.59%。扫描电镜观察显示,6.250 μg/mL的HMME处理细胞并光照后,细胞膜表面出现了明显的孔洞,有的细胞出现了花样皱褶和内陷。这些结果表明在血啉甲醚的试验剂量下,SL细胞受到了氧化损伤。 相似文献
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斜纹夜蛾核型多角体病毒DNA诱导同源昆虫细胞的凋亡 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
发现野生型斜纹夜蛾核型多角体病毒(Spodoptera litura nuclear polyhedrosis virus,SpltNPV)DNA转染SL-1细胞能诱导细胞凋亡.SpltNPV-DNA转染其同源细胞系斜纹夜蛾核SL-1细胞6 h后,光镜下即可见细胞膜表面突出或形成小泡,细胞碎裂成凋亡小体,18 h后,细胞100%碎裂成凋亡小体.DAPI荧光染色显示感染细胞核渐呈半月形,直至碎裂被凋亡小体包裹.被转染的SL-1细胞DNA琼脂糖凝胶电泳呈典型梯形谱带.野生型SpltNPV病毒粒子感染的SL-1细胞既无多角体的出现,也无凋亡现象的发生. 相似文献
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斜纹夜蛾NPV对取食不同蔬菜的斜纹夜蛾幼虫的毒力差异 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
采用生物测定法,比较了斜纹夜蛾NPV对取食芋叶等7科8种蔬菜的斜纹夜蛾幼虫的毒力反应差异性。结果表明NPV对取食番茄叶的幼虫毒力最高,比取食芋叶的毒力高6.82倍;但再经菜心饲养一代后,NPV的毒力差异消失。 相似文献
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为了明确番荔枝内酯化合物布拉它辛的杀虫活性和探索杀虫作用机理,本研究采用浸叶法测定该化合物对斜纹夜蛾Spodoptera litura幼虫的生物活性,采用MTT检测法和流式细胞术,研究该化合物对斜纹夜蛾离体培养卵巢细胞(SL细胞)的细胞毒力和致细胞凋亡作用,以及对SL细胞线粒体膜电位的影响。结果表明: 布拉它辛不仅对斜纹夜蛾幼虫具有良好的拒食活性,处理后24 h,对2龄和3龄幼虫的AFC50值分别为60.25 μg/mL和86.73 μg/mL,还对幼虫生长有良好的抑制作用。布拉它辛处理SL细胞后24 h和48 h,IC50值分别为22.32 μg/mL和10.03 μg/mL。流式细胞仪检测结果表明,布拉它辛对SL细胞具有明显的致凋亡作用,可导致SL细胞线粒体膜电位显著下降。本研究表明布拉它辛对斜纹夜蛾幼虫具有良好的拒食活性与生长抑制作用, 并且该化合物能明显抑制SL细胞的增殖,诱导细胞凋亡,降低线粒体膜电位。因此,布拉他辛具有广阔的研究应用前景。 相似文献
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《环境昆虫学报》2013,35(5):623-628
广藿香酮Pogostone,是一种新型的、被认为具有应用潜力的植物源杀虫活性物质。为探明广藿香酮的杀虫活性,本试验以斜纹夜蛾Spodoptera litura作为试虫,采用选择性和非选择性拒食活性测定法,在室内分别测定了不同浓度的广藿香酮对斜纹夜蛾的拒食活性以及广藿香酮对不同龄期的斜纹夜蛾的拒食作用,研究结果表明,1 mg/mL、2 mg/mL、4 mg/mL、8 mg/mL、10 mg/mL的浓度下,广藿香酮对三龄斜纹夜蛾幼虫的选择性拒食率分别为56.5%、62.24%、80.01%、82.40%、90.03%;非选择性拒食率分别为62.48%、71.78%、84.15%、86.35%、92.71%。浓度为4 mg/mL的广藿香酮对2龄、3龄、4龄、5龄斜纹夜蛾幼虫的选择性拒食率分别为78.56%、80.25%、66.80%、40.35%;非选择性拒食活性分别为78.21%、83.02%、77.36%、40.24%。可见,浓度为4 mg/mL的广藿香酮对三龄斜纹夜蛾的拒食效果较好。 相似文献
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破壁灵芝孢子粉诱导MCF-7细胞凋亡的机理研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
目的:研究破壁灵芝孢子粉对人乳腺癌细胞系MCF-7的诱导凋亡作用。方法:在体外设定不同浓度的孢子粉处理MCF-7细胞系的实验组,细胞培养24h后,用MTT法测定其细胞活力;碘化丙啶(vI)染色后流式细胞仪检测其凋亡情况;罗丹明123(Rodamine123)标记后于酶标仪530nIn处测定其荧光强度值以检测线粒体膜电位情况。结果:与对照组相比,随孢子粉浓度的上升,MCF-7细胞活力和增殖呈剂量依赖型的下降;流式细胞仪检测PI染色显示,各处理组的MCF-7细胞凋亡率随作用浓度的上升而增强,最高浓度组尤为明显;在高浓度组,罗丹明123荧光强度明显降低。这些结果表明孢子粉能抑制MCF-7细胞的活力扣增殖;诱导其凋亡;罗丹明荧光强度的减少,说明MCF-7线粒体膜电位有倒塌扣去极化的情况发生,提示MCF-7细胞的凋亡与线粒体有关。结论:破壁灵芝孢子粉可明显促进MCF-7细胞的凋亡。 相似文献
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杆状病毒诱导昆虫细胞凋亡的初步研究 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
细胞凋亡 (apoptosis)最早被定义为一种有秩序、受控制并按某种预定程序发展的生理性的自然死亡过程 (kerretal1 972 ) ,其特征是细胞收缩 ,染色质凝聚成块状 ,形成凋亡小体[1] 。但其最主要的特征是细胞DNA受到一种被激活的内源性核酸酶的降解 ,凝胶电泳时呈现出特征性的梯形带 (Wyllie,1 980 )。病毒感染是常见导致细胞凋亡的重要因素 ,杆状病毒同样诱导昆虫细胞凋亡 ,同时 ,作为打破宿主防御体系的一种策略 ,杆状病毒可通过自身编码抗凋亡基因的表达 ,抑制细胞凋亡以利于自己的增殖[2 ] 。细胞调亡和病毒抗凋… 相似文献
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Xestia c-nigrum granulovirus (XcGV) was tested for its ability to increase Spodoptera litura nucleopolyhedrovirus (SINPV) infection in larvae of S. litura (F.). The interaction of XcGV with peritrophic matrix and SINPV in S. litura also was studied to account for the synergism. In dose-response bioassays with a constant XcGV concentration of 5-mg/ ml capsules and SINPV concentration that varied from 10(3) to 10(7) polyhedral inclusion bodies (PIB) per larva, XcGV increased the virulence of SINPV infection in fifth instars of S. litura. The lethal concentration of 50% individuals (LC50) of SINPV combined with XcGV was 3.35 x 10(5)PIB/ml, which was significantly lower than that of SINPV alone (2.17 x 10(6)). Compared with 10(7) PIB/ml SINPV alone, the lethal time of 50% individuals (LT50) of 10(7) PIB/ml SINPV combined with XcGV was not significantly shortened. In addition, no significant improvement in the activity and killing speed of SINPV progeny was noted after propagation with XcGV, indicating that native characters of SINPV associated with viral potency were not altered by XcGV. Investigation via environmental scanning electronic microscopy showed that the peritrophic matrix (PM) of S. litura exposed to XcGV or XcGV enhancin, or the combination treatment, was markedly disrupted. The outer surface of the PM was loose, or ruptured, which potentially facilitated the passage of virions through the PM. Therefore, it is reasonable to conclude that the synergy between XcGV and SINPV was closely associated with the disruption of the PM in S. litura. 相似文献
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The deterrence of azadirachtin, in its pure form and as a constituent of neem seed extract, to fifth instar Spodoptera litura (Fab.) larvae, was measured using cabbage, Brassica oleraceae (L.) var. capitata, leaf disc assays. Paired-choice assays, in which larvae could choose between feeding on a treated (1.3 ng azadirachtin per square cm leaf area) or an untreated leaf disc for 2 h, were conducted at 24 h intervals throughout the fifth instar. In addition, no-choice assays, in which larvae could feed on only one leaf disc (10 ng azadirachtin per square cm leaf area) for 1.5 h, were conducted consecutively over a six hour period at the beginning of the fifth instar. The effects of hunger and habituation on desensitization in our no-choice tests were partitioned. After repeated exposures, larvae became desensitized to pure azadirachtinal in both choice and no-choice tests, but did not desensitize to neem containing the same absolute amount of azadirachtin in choice tests. Hunger was responsible for approximately one third of the desensitization response in the no-choice tests. Sensitivity to azadirachtin was independent of age within the fifth instar. 相似文献
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Both the standard Bacillus thuringiensis kurstaki (HD-1) and the formulated commercial product resulted from this strain have shown limited pathogenicity against the tobacco cutworm (Spodoptera litura). However, two new isolates of Bacillus thuringiensis (K-2074 and K-2178) isolated from Taiwan have been identified through an active screening program to be highly pathogenic against the tobacco cutworm. In this paper, we present results of characterization and the pathogenicity of these two new isolates. 相似文献
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