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本文研究了甘肃萱草属6种、1变种的染色体核型;黄花菜K(2n)=22=12m+10sm(2SAT);小黄花菜K(2n)=22=10m+12sm;北萱草K(2n)=22=8m+14sm;北黄花菜K(2n)=22=14m+6sm+2st;萱草K(2n)=22=12m+8sm+2st;重瓣萱草K(2n)=33=18m+12sm+3st:折叶萱草K(2n)=22=10m+10sm+2st。以上核型可自然地分成两大类群,第一类群包括小黄花菜、北萱草、黄花菜;第二类群包括折叶萱草、萱草、重瓣萱草、北黄花菜。 相似文献
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以锦鸡儿属中间锦鸡儿、柠条锦鸡儿、狭叶锦鸡儿为材料,用光学显微镜观察了3种锦鸡儿的染色体,按全国第一次植物染色体学术讨论会建议的标准进行了核型分析。结果表明,3种锦鸡儿的体细胞染色体数目2n=16,核型公式分别为:中间锦鸡儿2n=2x=16=10m 6sm、柠条锦鸡儿2n=2x=16=12m 4sm、狭叶锦鸡儿2n=2x=16=14m 2sm,中间锦鸡儿和柠条锦鸡儿的核型属于2A型,狭叶锦鸡儿的核型属于2B型。狭叶锦鸡儿二倍体染色体核型为首次报道。 相似文献
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五种恙螨染色体核型的研究 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:1
恙螨染色体的研究迄今仅Shirai等(1984)简要地报道了三种纤恙螨的染色体核型。本实验采用压片法和改良空气干燥法,研究观察五种恙螨有丝分裂染色体核型。初静止化蛹1—3天的成蛹阶段是制作恙螨有丝分裂染色体标本的最佳虫期。微红纤恙螨,地里纤恙螨和巨螫齿恙螨染色体数目为2n=14;苍白纤恙螨和小板纤恙螨为2n=16。染色体呈大小不等的小棒状,单着丝粒,但多不清晰,仅可见着丝点区浅染。部分核型出现染色体异型现象。核型性别未明,性别决定机制不清。 相似文献
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Oh SH Yun YM Lee JE Kim IY Shin JH Kweon OK Lee H Yoon YS Shin NS Seong JK 《Molecules and cells》2011,31(4):351-354
The karyotype of goral (Nemorhaedus caudatus, 2n = 56) was prepared using lymphocytes and its chromosomal band patterns were compared with those of goat (Capra hircus, 2n = 60) by CBG-, GTG- and RBG-banding techniques. The standard karyotype of goral was composed of 54 acrocentric autosomes, submetacentric X chromosome, and acrocentric Y chromosome. C-bands were prominent in all autosomes except the X chromosome. G- and R-band patterns of goral were dissimilar to those of goat. The data support the idea that the goral did not originate from a common ancestor of bovid, or that there were numerous complicated chromosomal interchanges during goral evolution, in contrast to other bovids. 相似文献
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采用常规压片法对4种百合属植物野百合(L.brow n ii F.E.B row n ex M ie llez.)、兰州百合(L.d av id iiDuchartre var.un icolor(Hoog.)Co Hon.)、川百合(L.d av id ii Duchartre)、湖北百合(L.henry i B aker)进行了核型研究.结果表明,4种百合的染色体数目均为2n=24,核型除川百合为3A外,其余3种均为3B型.核型公式分别为:野百合2n(2x)=24=4m(2SAT) 2sm(2SAT) 4st 14t,兰州百合2n(2x)=24=2m(2SAT) 2sm 10st(2SAT) 8t 2T,川百合2n(2x)=24=2m(2SAT) 2sm 12st(3SAT) 8t,湖北百合2n(2x)=24=4m 18st 2t,其中湖北百合染色体核型为首次报道.通过比较发现,兰州百合与川百合的核型最为相似,亲缘关系相近;核型不对称性为兰州百合>川百合>野百合>湖北百合,以湖北百合的核型较为原始. 相似文献
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利用改良去壁低渗法对桦木科(Betulaceae)桤木属(Ainus Mill.)东亚地区5种植物进行染色体数目与核型研究。结果显示:所试验物种中染色体形态比较一致,多是由中部(m)及近中部(sm)着丝点染色体组成。其中A.nitida染色体数为2n=28,核型公式为K(2n)=28=22m 4sm(2SAT) 2st(2SAT);A.hirsuta染色体数为2n=42,核型公式为K(2n)=42=36m 6sm; A.cremastogyne,A.formosana 染色体数均为2n=56,核型公式分别为K(2n)=56=2M 40m(1SAT) 14sm(1SAT)和K(2n)=56=46m 8sm 2st;A.firma染色体数为2n=112,核型公式为K(2n)=112=80m 28sm 4st。 相似文献
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本文首次报道中国螽斯科3种昆虫的染色体核型,结果表明:中华螽斯Tettigonia chinensis 2n♂=31均为近端着丝粒染色体,暗褐蝈螽Gampsocleis obscura 2n♂=31也均为近端着丝粒染色体,中华寰螽Atlanticus sinensis 2n♂=29第1对染色体为中部着丝粒染色体,其余为近端部着丝粒染色体。这3 种螽斯的性别决定机制均为XO♂/XX♀型。Abstract:The karyotypes of three species belonging to three genera of Tettigoniidae were investigated.The diploid number of chromosomes for Tettigonia chinensis is 2n♂=31,for Gampsocleis obscura 2n♂=31,Atlanticus sinensis 2n♂=29.In the three species,the XO♂/XX♀type of sex determination was observed. 相似文献
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AHMET SAHIN YASAR KIRAN TURAN ARABACI ISMAIL TURKOGLU 《Botanical journal of the Linnean Society. Linnean Society of London》2006,151(4):573-580
The chromosome number and morphology of eight species belonging to the section Santolinoideae of the genus Achillea L. (Asteraceae) were investigated using karyological techniques. The species studied were Achillea cucullata (Hausskn.) Bornm., A. vermicularis Trin., A. monocephala Boiss. & Bal., A. boissieri (Hausskn.) Bornm., A. santolina L., A. gypsicola Hub.-Mor., A. goniocephala Boiss. & Bal., and A. spinulifolia Fenzl ex Boiss. In these species, the chromosome numbers were 2 n = 18 in A. vermicularis , A. monocephala , and A. boissieri , 2 n = 18A + 1B in A. spinulifolia , 2 n = 36 in A. cucullata and A. santolina , and 2 n = 54 in A. gypsicola and A. goniocephala . All of the chromosomes had median point (M), median region (m), or submedian (sm) centromeres. An increase in asymmetry was not observed in the karyotypes of the species. © 2006 The Linnean Society of London, Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society , 2006, 151 , 573–580. 相似文献
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Recent molecular phylogenetic studies indicate that Phaenospermateae and Duthieeae are among the early diverging lineages of Pooideae and that they are closely related to each other. Here, we test this with cytotaxonomical data. The monotypic tribe Phaenospermateae, represented by Phaenosperma globosum, has a chromosome number of 2n = 2x = 24 and a fairly symmetric karyotype consisting of 22 median (m) and 2 submedian (sm) chromosomes varying in length between 1.8–3 μm. Duthieeae, represented by Duthiea brachypodium, Sinochasea trigyna, Stephanachne monandra and Stephanachne pappophorea, also share the chromosome number 2n = 2x = 24 and similar symmetric karyotypes with the chromosomes varying in length between 1.4–5 μm. Thus, the close relationship of Phaenospermateae and Duthieeae is corroborated. 相似文献
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4个洋水仙品种的核型分析 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:2
采用常规压片技术对4个洋水仙品种的体细胞染色体数目和核型进行了分析。结果显示:4个品种的染色体组成复杂多样,其核型公式依次为‘哈韦拉’2n=2x=14=8sm+6st;‘面对面’2n=3x=24=2m+15sm+7st;‘快活’2n=3x=24=3m+13sm+8st;‘花唱片’2n=4x=28=8m+16sm+4st,其核型不对称系数依次为75.19%、72.73%、74.25%和71.03%,核型类型分别为3B、3B、3B和3A。从4个洋水仙品种来源等方面的资料分析了这些品种倍性及其可能的育种价值,其中‘哈韦拉’为二倍体种间杂种,‘面对面’和‘快活’为异源三倍体;‘花唱片’为四倍体。 相似文献
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以商丘地区的铺道蚁Tetramorium caespitum(L.)早期胚胎为材料,采用低渗处理—烘干法制备染色体标本,对其染色体组型进行研究。结果表明,铺道蚁染色体组型为n=22,2n=44,是由10条中央着丝粒染色体,3条亚中着丝粒染色体和9条亚端着丝粒染色体组成。 相似文献
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报道了国产10种锦鸡儿的染色体数目,并对其中9种的核型进行了研究。这9个种的核型公式分别为:荒漠锦鸡儿(Caragana roborovskyi),2n=16=10m(2SAT)+6sm;川西锦鸡儿(C. erinacea),2n=16=10m+6sm;密叶锦鸡儿(C. densa),2n=16=10m(2SAT)+6sm;刺叶锦鸡儿(C. acanthophylla),2n=16=12m+4sm;柄荚锦鸡儿(C. stipitata),2n=16=10m+6sm;甘蒙锦鸡儿(C. opulens),2n=16=12m(2SAT)+4sm;白皮锦鸡儿(C. leucophloea),2n=32=22m(4SAT)+10sm;北疆锦鸡儿(C. camilli-schneideri),2n=32=20m(4SAT)+12sm;中亚锦鸡儿(C. tragacanthoides),2n=32=20m(2SAT)+10sm+2st+2B。白毛锦鸡儿(C.licentiana)2个居群的染色体数目均为2n=32,为四倍体。研究结果表明,锦鸡儿属的核型一般比较对称,核型上的特化往往与其形态上的特化相关联,但也有例外。从倍性水平上来看,二倍体类群多是一些羽状叶的种,在分布上倾向于亚洲东部其祖先分布区,而四倍体的种类多是一些假掌状叶的类群,分布于西部干旱生境中,在形态上也表现的较为特化。这也符合锦鸡儿属的演化趋势。 相似文献
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首次报道了4种国产兰属植物建兰(C.ensifolium(L.)Sw.)。墨兰(C.sinense(Jacksn ex Andr.)Willd.),珍珠矮(C.nanulum Y.S.Wu et S.C.Chen),兔耳兰(C.lancifolium Hook)的核型比较研究结果。具体如下:兔耳兰为2n=2x=38=28m 8sm 2st(2SAT),核不对称系数为61.22%,2A型;建兰的核型公式为2n=2x=40=30m 10sm(2SAT),核不对称系数为59.15%,2B型,墨兰的核型公式为2n=2x=40=28m 10sm 2st,核不对称系数为59.83%,2B型,珍珠矮为2n=2x=40=26m 10sm 4st,核不对称系数为62.24%,2B型。结合兰属植物若干稳定特化的形态学特征,讨论了兰属植物的核型进化。 相似文献
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JIANQUAN LIU SHANGWU LIU TINGNONG HO ANMIN LU 《Botanical journal of the Linnean Society. Linnean Society of London》2001,135(2):107-112
Twenty-two populations of seven species of Cremanthodium from high altitude regions of western China were observed karyologically. C. ellisii, C. microglossum, C. brunneo-pilosum, C. stenoglossum, C. discoideum and C. lineare all had the same chromosome number of 2 n = 58 whereas C. humile had 2 n = 60. All chromosome numbers of these species are documented here for the first time. The basic number of x = 30 is new for this genus. The karyotypes of all species belong to 2A type according to Stebbins' asymmetry classification of karyotypes. Two basic chromosome numbers, x = 30 and x = 29 in Cremanthodium , correspond exactly to two branching patterns in this genus, sympodial versus monopodial. The systematic and taxonomic statuses of the sympodial species need further study. The karyomorphological data provide no support to the sectional subdivision in Cremanthodium . 相似文献
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为补充岱衢洋海域产大黄鱼(Pseudosciaena crocea)的细胞遗传学数据,采用植物血球凝集素(8~10μg/g)及秋水仙素(1~2μg/g)活体腹腔注射培养,头肾细胞制片、空气干燥法制作染色体标本,显微观察象山港网箱养殖的岱衢洋产大黄鱼的染色体核型,用Micromeasure3.3软件测量染色体相对长度与臂比。结果显示,岱衢洋大黄鱼二倍体染色体数目为48,核型公式为2n=24st+24t,NF=48,染色体相对长度最长为5.53,最短为2.60,未发现异型染色体和随体。本研究的岱衢洋产大黄鱼染色体核型与以往报道的大黄鱼核型存在差异。 相似文献