Sesto Contributo Alla Conoscenza Dell' “ Artemisia Verlotorum „ Lamotte (Con 4 Figg. Nel Testo)

Abstract

This study compared the richness of saproxylic beetle species and the composition of species assemblages between the major forests types of the south‐east of France. The forests differed by their geographical position and their composition in tree species. The results confirmed the existence of a clear local identity of the saproxylic beetles communities. This identity combined three geographical and ecological factors: the geographical position, the altitude and the dominant species of trees. Surprisingly, the period length since the last important perturbation of the stand was not a determinant factor to explain the composition of the saproxylic communities. Selective logging and deadwood retention favoured the increase of the diversity of saproxylic species. This diversity reached a maximum during the first 10 years following the perturbation, was the lowest 30 years after the stand perturbation, but increased again after 50 years with a different species composition.     

Sulla Presenza e Sulle Cause Determinanti L'andromonoicismo Nel “ Citrus Trifoliata „ L.

Riassunto

L'A. ha osservato in piante di Citrus trifoliata L. fiori maschili, per aborto dell'ovario, insieme ad altri fiori normalmente ermafroditi. La statistica fatta su piante crescenti negli Orti Botanici di Padova, Ferrara, Torino, ha dimostrato che le piante non potate e scarsamente nutrite hanno una percentuale di fiori maschili pari al 65–70%. Mediante il rinnovamento della pianta, asportando i rami secchi e con opportune concimazioni, la percentuale dei fiori maschili diminui al 20%. Le parti alte e piü illuminate delle piante hanno sempre una scarsa percentuale di fiori maschili; le piante giovanissime hanno per contro solo uno scarso numero di fiori ermafroditi ed anche questi non riescono ad abbonire. Il fenomeno dell'andromonoicismo, analogo a quello osservato nelle Ombrellifere, è di natura sicuramente funzionale, e forse in relazione a fattori geografici.     

Comportamento Alla Germinazione Delle Cariossidi Delle Linee Primaverile e Invernale del Triticum Esaploide «Denti de Cani»

Abstract

The germination of spring and winter wheat lines of exaploid Triticum « Denti de Cani ». — The dormancy in the seeds of two lines of Triticum « Denti de Cani » (which is spontaneous in Sardinia), one with solid stem (CP line), a spring line, the other with hollow stem (CV line), an winter line, has been studied. Germination was carried out in the dark, in Petri dishes at the constant temperatures of 5°, 10°, 20°, 23°, 26°, 30° and 35°C, using full ripe seeds, and seeds in different stages of after-ripening up to one year of age. The increase in % germination, for increasing temperatures above 5°C, is clearly conditioned by the progress of after-ripening in the seeds. In fact it was seen that, in general for the two lines, percentages over 50% of seeds germinated at 3 days were reached: at 10° and 20° after 15 days from the full ripening; at 23°C after 30 days; at 26°C after 50 days; at 30°C after about 100 days and at 35°C only after about 4–5 months from the harvest. During the experiment at 5°C it was observed that, during the first year of life of seeds and especially in the CP line, this temperature produces a clear slowing down in germinations after first year from the ripening, only the CV seeds — not the CP which remain very much inhibited — reach germination values over 50% at 3 days. It has also been demonstrated that the CV are more sensitive than the CP, in the first initial period of after-ripening (15 and 30 days), to the non-inhibiting activity of low temperatures (5° and 10°C) and that, between these, the 10°C temperature promotes the germination more clearly than the 5°C temperature. The results obtained have shown that the dormancy wears off in the spring CP-line much more slowly than in the winter CV-line. The CP-seeds remain in a relative dormancy condition for a long time, which causes a significative delay in germination, up to 100 days from the full ripening stage.     

Alghe Bentoniche di Profondità Raccolte Alla Punta S. Pancrazio Nell'Isola di Ischia (Golfo di Napoli)

Abstract

Observations on deep seaweeds (15–50 m) at Punta San Pancrazio, Island of Ischia (Bay of Naples). — Algological research in little known and still well preserved zones of the Bay of Naples have been done to improve our knowledge of underwater flora of the Bay itself and of the southern part of the Tyrrhenian sea. SCUBA diving technique allowed us to detect, namely in the deepest investigated areas, a number of species previously unknown for the Bay of Naples. This research deals only with species found during the summertime, living at depths greater than 15 m.     

La Struttura Dell'Apice del Rizoma in Confronto Alla Struttura Dell'Apice del Fusto Aereo in “Equisetum Ramosissimum„ Desf

Riassunto

L'A. mette in rilievo le differenze esistenti fra l'apice dei fusti sotterranei e quello dei fusti aerei di Equisetum ramosissimum Desf. Tali differenze sono : secrezione di abbondante mucillaggine da parte delle cellule dell'epidermide esterna delle guaine pi[ugrave] periferiche che incappucciano l'apice dei rizomi, mentre le cellule epidermiche esterne delle guaine dei fusti aerei si differenziano nello stesso senso delle cellule epidermiche degli internodi; presenza di tricomi nella parte interna delle guaine che incappucciano l'apice del rizoma, tricomi che mancano nelle guaine dei fusti aerei; localizzazione dell'acerescimento in lunghezza al primo internodio del rizoma (quello pi[ugrave] vicino alla gemma apicale), mentre nei fusti aerei l'acerescimento è scaglionato su diversi internodi.

La mucillaggine che viene secreta dalle cellule epidermiche delle guaine del rizoma prende origine direttamente dai granuli d'amido, che sono abbondantissimi e particolarmente grossi in talli cellule all'inizio del processo di formazione della mucillaggine.     

Comportamento Alla Germinazione e Mutabilità Cromosomica Spontanea in Triticum Durum Desf. Durante I Primi Due Anni di Vita del Seme

Abstract

Germination and spontaneous chromosome mutations in Triticum durum Desf. during the first two years of storage of the seed. — Spontaneous chromosome aberrations were recently observed in the meristem of radicles of seedlings raised from seeds (caryopses) of Triticum durum cv. Cappelli erop 1966. Germination and frequency of chromosomal aberrations, starting from the ripening of the caryopses to the end of the second year of their storage at room temperature were investigated. Cytological analysis and germination tests were accomplished at monthly intervals. It was shown that: 1) soon after ripening, the germination process was very slow, but chromosomal damage was high; 2) at the end of the dormancy period the percentage of aberrant anaphases and of chromatid breaks fell to a «minimum». This low chromosomal damage lasted for almost the whole of the two years of storage; 3) the nuclear damage was esclusively of chromatide type. This result and fact that the cytological damage is decreasing with time, are interpreted as evidence that the mutagenic agent(s) responsible is (are) more active during the germination period than during the quiescence of the embryo.