MTH187 from Methanobacterium thermoautotrophicum has three HEAT-like Repeats

With the completion of genome sequencing projects, there are a large number of proteins for which we have little or no functional information. Since protein function is closely related to three-dimensional conformation, structural proteomics is one avenue where the role of proteins with unknown function can be investigated. In the present structural project, the structure of MTH187 has been determined by solution-state NMR spectroscopy. This protein of 12.4 kDa is one of the 424 non-membrane proteins that were cloned and purified for the structural proteomic project of Methanobacterium thermoautotrophicum [Christendat, D., Yee, A., Dharamsi, A., Kluger, Y., Gerstein, M., Arrowsmith, C.H. and Edwards, A.M. (2000) Prog. Biophys. Mol. Biol., 73, 339–345]. Methanobacterium thermoautotrophicum is a thermophilic archaeon that grows optimally at 65 °C. A particular characteristic of this microorganism is its ability to generate methane from carbon dioxide and hydrogen [Smith, D.R., Doucette-Stamm, L.A., Deloughery, C., Lee, H., Dubois, J., Aldredge, T., Bashirzadeh, R., Blakely, D., Cook, R., Gilbert, K., Harrison, D., Hoang, L., Keagle, P., Lumm, W., Pothier, B., Qiu, D., Spadafora, R., Vicaire, R., Wang, Y., Wierzbowski, J., Gibson, R., Jiwani, N., Caruso, A., Bush, D., Reeve, J. N. et al. (1997) J. Bacteriol., 179, 7135–7155].Electronic supplementary material Electronic supplementary material is available for this article at and accessible for authorised users. Structure data have been deposited at PDB (1TE4) and NMR data at BMRB (5629).Olivier Julien and Isabelle Gignac - Both authors contributed equally to this work.     

Besprechung

Abstract

Klinkowski, M.; Mühle, E.; Reinmuth, E.; Bochow, H.; Phytopathologie und Pflanzenschutz 2. Auflage, 820 S., 1. Band, 231 Abb., Berlin: Akademie-Verlag 1973. Reviewed by D. Spaar.

Israilskij, V. P. (Ed.): Rukovodstvo dlja izu?enia bakterialnych boleznei rastenij 3. Aufl. 343 S., 12 Abb., 12 Tab. Moskau: Kolos 1968. Reviewed by D. Spaar.

Vrånceanu, A. V.: Floarea-Soarelui 322 S., 80 Abb. Bucuresti: Editura Academiei Republicii Socialiste, Romania 1974. Reviewed by R. Fritzsche.

Birger, M. O.: Spravo?nik po mikrobiologiěeskim i virusologiěeskim metodam issledovanija. 2. Aufl. 456 S., 6 Abb., 82 Tab. Moskau: Medizin 1973. Reviewed by W. Ficke.

Verderevskaja, T.D.; Lemanova, N.B.; Abramenko, N. M. (Herausgeber): Virusnye bolesni plodovo-jagodnych kultur i vinograda v Moldavii. Band I, 180 S., 9 Abb., Ki?inev: Kartja moldovenjaské 1973. Reviewed by H. Kegler.

Verderevskaja, T. D.; Lemanova, N. B.; Abramenko, N. M. (Herausgeber): Virusnye bolezni plodovo-jagodnych kultur i vinograda v Moldavii. Band II, 144 S., 7 Abb. Ki?inev: Kartja moldovenjaské 1973. Reviewed by H. Kleinhempel.

Wyniger, R.: Insektenzucht. 368 S., 497 Abb. Stuttgart: Eugen Ulmer 1974. Reviewed by W. Lehmann.

Buchanan, R.E.; Gibbons, N. E. (Ed.): Bergey's Manual of Determinative Bacteriology. 8. Aufl., 1268 S., zahlr. Abb. Baltimore: Williams & Wilkins 1975. Reviewed by H. Kleinhempel.     

Wirklingsvergleich äquivalenter Mengen von 2,4-D-Säure, 2,4-D-Natrium, 2,4-D-Dimethylamin und 2,4-D-Athylbutylester gegen dikotyle und monokotyle Pflanzen im Gewächshaus und Freiland

Abstract

Hahn, E.: Chemische Pflanzenschutzmittel. 2. neubearb. Auflage, 300 S., zahlreiche Abbildungen, Berlin 1970: VEB Dt. Landwirtschafts-Verlag. Reviewed by H.-H. Schmidt.

Ahrens, G.: Die Giftprüfung. Leitfaden zum Ablegen der Prüfung im Umgang mit Giften. 9. neubearbeitete Aufl., 214 S., Leipzig 1971: Johann Ambrosius Barth. Reviewed by H. Reifenstein.

Schuster G.: Virus und Viruskrankheiten. 3., erw. Auflage, 295 S., 152 Abb., Wittenberg 1972: A. Ziemsen Verlag. Reviewed by H. Kleinhempel.

Fritsche, R.; Karl, E.; Lehmann, W.; Proeseler, G.: Tierische Vektoren pflanzenpathogener Viren. 1. Auflage 521 S., 88 Abb., 27 Tab., 27 Taf., Jena 1972: VEB Gustav Fischer Verlag. Reviewed by H. Kleinhempel.

Arlt, K.; Feyerabend, G.: Herbizide und Kulturpflanzen. 1. Aufl., 1. Bd., 170 S., 38 Abb., Berlin 1972: Akademie-Verlag. Reviewed by K. Schuhmann.

Popkova, K. W.: Fitoflora kartofelja. 1. Aufl., 176 S., 9 Abb., Moskau 1972: Kolos. Reviewed by D. Spaar.

Liv?ig, I. Z.; Mitrofanov, V. I.: Kle??i roda Bryobia C. L. Koch, 1S36 (Acariformes, Bryobiidae). Bd. 51, 60 Abb., Jalta 1971. Reviewed by R. Fritzsche.

Kirjanova, E. S.; Krall, E.: Paraziticeskie Nematody Rastenij i mery bor'ba s nimi. 1. Aufl., Band I und II, 447 S. (Bd. I); 522 S. (Bd. II); 357 Abb. (Bd. I); 491 Abb. (Bd. II), Leningrad 1969 (Bd. I), 1971 (Bd. II): Nauka. Reviewed by H. Decker.

Jermoljev, E. H.; Pozděna, J.: Serologie rostlinných patogenu. 261 S., 65 Abb., Praha 1972: Academia. Reviewed by L. Albrechtová.

Brcák, J.: Vztahy rostlinných viru k prenasecum. 318 S., 50 Abb., Praha 1971: Academia. Reviewed by J. Chod.

Kiraly, Z.; Szalay-Marzsó, L. (Editor): Biochemical and Ecological Aspects of Plant-Parasite Relations 1. Auflage, 1. Band. 425 S. Budapest 1971 Akademiaè Kiadó. Reviewed by D. Spaar.

Horváth, J.: Növényvfrusok, vektorok, virusátvitel. 514 S., 89 Abb., 61 Tab., Budapest 1972: Akadémiai Kiadó. Reviewed by R. Fritzsche.

Mededelingen van de faculteit Landbouwwetenschappen Rijksuniversiteit Gent. Heft 35, Nr. 2, 402 S., zahlr. Abb. u. Tab., Gent 1970: Faculteit Landbouwwetenschappen. Reviewed by R. Zielke.

O'Brien, R. D.; Yamamoto, I.: Biochemical Toxicology of Insecticides. 218 S., 35 Abb., 44 Tab., New York, London 1970: Academic Press. Reviewed by H. Beitz.

Nord, E. F. (Ed.): Advances in Enzymology. vol. 33, 595 S., 114 Abb., 52 Tab., New York, London, Sydney, Toronto 1970: Interscience Publishers, a division of John Wiley &; Sons, Inc. Reviewed by H. Hofferek.

Jager, K. W.: Aldrin, Dieldrin, Endrin &; Telodrin. 234 S., 25 Abb., 55 Tab., Amsterdam, London, New York 1970: Elsevier Publishing Company. Reviewed by R. Fritzsche.     

Elektronenmikroskopischer Nachweis des Virus der Milden Rübenvergilbung (beet mild yellowing virus) in der Wirtspflanze Sinapis alba L

Abstract

Thomasius, H. (Herausg.) Wald, Landeskultur und Gesellschaft 2. überarb. Auflage., 466 S., 122 Abb., Jena: VEB Gustav Fischer Verlag 1978. Reviewed by S. Prien.

W. W. Djoshkin: Leben und Umwelt 1. Auflage, 205 S. 21 Abb. Moskau/Leipzig/Jena/Berlin: Mir/Urania 1978. Reviewed by W. Tarnow.

Ahrens, G. Giftgesetz und Giftverkehr 386 S., Leipzig: Johann Ambrosius Barth 1979. Reviewed by H. Kleinhempel.

Schliephake, G.; Klimt, K.: Die Tierwelt Deutschlands — Thysanoptera, Fransenflügler 1. Aufl., 477 S. 66. Teil, 528 Abb,. Jena: VEB Gustav Fischer Verlag 1979. Reviewed by Th. Wetzel.

Fröhlich, G. (Herausg.): Phytopatologie und Pflanzenschutz 295 S., 62 Abb., Jena: VEB Gustav Fischer Verlag 1979. Reviewed by R. Fritzsche.

Lyr, H.; Polter, C. (Hrsg.): Systemfungizide 371 S., zahlr. Abb., Berlin: Akademie-Verlag 1979. Reviewed by K. Naumann.

Mohamed Ali Mohamed Ali: Ecological and Physiological Studies on the Alfalfa Ladybird 200 S., zahlr. Abb., Budapest: Akadémiai Kiado 1979. Reviewed by R. Fritzsche.

Piffl, E. (Ed.): Proceedings of the 4th International Congress of Acarology 752 S., zahlr. Abb., Budapest: Akadémiai Kiado 1979. Reviewed by R. Fritzsche.

Godan, D.: Schadschnecken und ihre Bekämpfung 467 S., 203 Abb. Stuttgart: Eugen Ulmer Verlag 1979. Reviewed by R. Fritzsche.     

Book review

Lillie, R. D. Histopathologic Tcehnic and Practical Histochemistry. 3rd ed., 715 pages, 86 tables, 3 illustrations, 9 × 6 inches, hard covers. The Blakiston Div., McGraw-Hill Book Co., 330 West 42nd St., New York, N. Y. 10036. $13.95. 1965.     

Updated Protocols and Comments on the Purification without Use of Activating Ligands of the Coupling Proteins Ns and Ni of the Hormone Sensitive Adenylyl Cyclase

Abstract

N_s and N_i have been purified without using NaF and Mg as stabilizing agents (Codina, J., Hildebrandt, J.D., Sekura, R.D., Birnbaumer, M., Bryan, J., Manclark, C.R. and Birnbaumer, L. [1984] J. Biol. Chem. 259, in press). Since the submission of that report, several modifications have been introduced to the purification procedure and additional fractions have been processed from which N proteins are obtained. This article describes the updated protocols and presents methodological details not included in the previous publication. The final products are N_s, the stimulatory N, N_i the inhibitory N, both of subunit structure αβγ, and a M_r=40,000 protein of βγ composition. They are obtained from human erythrocytes.     

‘Seeing’ Atomic Radiations

Miller, Christina G., and Louise A. Berry. Coastal Rescue: Preserving Our Seashores. New York: Atheneum (Macmillan), 1989. 120 pp. $12.95 hardcover. Reviewed by Wayne Hanley.

Marschall, Laurence A. The Supernova Story. New York: Plenum Press, 1988. 296 pp. $22.95 hardcover. Reviewed by Julian R. Brandou.

Young, Steven B. To the Arctic: An Introduction to the Far Northern World. New York: John Wiley &; Sons, 1989. 354 pp. $24.95 hardcover. Reviewed by Emanuel D. Rudolph.

Eldredge, Niles. Life Pulse: Episodes from the Story of the Fossil Record. New York: Facts On File Publications, 1987. 246 pp. $10.95 paperback. Reviewed by Robert G. Hoehn.

Langhorne, M. J., J. O. Donham, J. F. Gross, and D. Rehmke. Teaching with Computers: A New Menu for the 90's. Phoenix, Ariz.: The Oryx Press, 1988. 218 pp. 822.50 paperback. Reviewed by John M. Newell.

VanCleave, Janice Pratt. Chemistry for Every Kid: 101 Easy Experiments That Really Work. New York: John Wiley &; Sons, 1989. 232 pp. $10.95 paperback. Reviewed by Edward L. Shaw, Jr.

Smithsonian Family Learning Project. Science Activity Book: 20 Exciting Experiments for Parents and Kids To Do, (More Science Activities: 20 Exciting Experiments To Do, Still More Science Activities: 20 Exciting Experiments To Do). New York: Galison Books, 1987, (1988, 1989). 96 pp. $9.95. Reviewed by Susan McCarthy.

Summerlin, Lee R., and James L. Ealy, Jr. Chemical Demonstrations: A Source Book for Teachers, Vol. 1 (2d Ed.). 1988. Reviewed by Ann C. Howe and Alice D. Anderson.

Summerlin, Lee R., Christie L. Borgford, Julie B. Ealy. Chemical Demonstrations: A Source Book for Teachers, Vol. 2 (2d Ed.). 1988. Washington, D.C.: American Chemical Society. 197 pp., 233 pp. each $19.95 paperback. Reviewed by Ann C. Howe and Alice D. Anderson.

Berger, Melvin. Atoms, Molecules and Quarks. New York: G. P. Putnam's Sons, 1986. 79 pp. $9.99 hardcover. Reviewed by Harold H. Jaus.

Hersey, Robert L. How to Think with Numbers. Providence, R.I.: Janson Publications, 1982. 133 pp. $795 paperback. Reviewed by C. Bruce Hunter.

Treffert, Darold A. Extraordinary People: Understanding “Idiot Savants.” New York: Harper &; Row, 1989. 291 pp. $17.95 hardcover Reviewed by Elissa Malcohn.     

The distribution of intertidal algae in a Hebridean Loch

Summary

Ten species of Rhopalostroma are currently known and all are from either Africa or Asia. Rhopalostroma gracile D. Hawksw. and R. kanyae Whalley &; Thienhirun have previously been reported from Thailand. A further species, R. lekae sp. no v., is now described from Thailand. Thus three out of the eleven known species of Rhopalostroma are from Thailand.     

Weather Forecasting: The View from Space…

Findley, James S.; Harris, Arthur H.; Wilson, Don E.; and Jones, Clyde Mammals of New Mexico Albuquerque: The University of New Mexico Press, 1975 360 pp., $8.50 Reviewed by Vagn Flyger

Piers, Helen Grasshopper and Butterfly New York: McGraw-Hill Book Co., 1975 80 pp., $5.95, library edition $5.72 Reviewed by N. N. Raghuvir

Gergely, Tibor Animals: A Picture Book of Facts and Figures New York: McGraw-Hill Book Co., 1975 47 pp., $5.95, library edition $5.72 Reviewed by Theodore W. Munch

Johnsgard, Paul A. Waterfowl of North America Bloomington, Indiana University Press 1975,575 pp. Reviewed by Kate Curry Vahle

Jacobson, Daniel The Fishermen (Indians of North America) New York: Franklin Watts, Inc., 1975 87 pp., $4.90 Reviewed by Robert W. Boenig

Janzen, Daniel H. Ecology of Plants in the Tropics (The Institute of Biology's Studies in Biology, No. 58) London: Edward Arnold (Distributed by Crane, Russak &; Co., New York), 1975 65 pp., $3.75 Reviewed by Rex E. Kerstetter

London, Carolyn The Hospital Doctors, Nurses and Mystery Workers New York: McGraw-Hill Book Co., 1976 86 pp., $5.72 Library Edition Reviewed by Philip C. Anderson

Buxton, Ralph Nature's Gliders Chicago: Children's Press, 1975 32 pp., individuals $6.60, institutions $4.95 Reviewed by Sue Hall

Clarke, H. T. (revised by B. Haynes) A Handbook of Organic Analysis: Qualitative and Quantitative (fifth edition) New York: Crane, Russak &; Co., 1975 291 pp., cloth $35.00, paper $16.00 Reviewed by Lawrence Powell Eblin

Simon, Seymour Discovering What Garter Snakes Do New York: McGraw-Hill Junior Books, 1975 48 pp., $4.72 Reviewed by Carl Gans

Dobbs, Austen, ed. The Birds of Nottinghamshire: Past and Present North Pomfret, Vt.: David &; Charles, 1975 226 pp., $17.00 Reviewed by Gerald R. Rising

Ashworth, J. M., and Dee, Jennifer The Biology of Slime Moulds (The Institute of Biology's Studies in Biology, No. 56) New York: Crane, Russak &; Co., Inc., 1975 67 pp., $3.75 Reviewed by Emanuel D. Rudolph

Exline, Joseph D. Individualized Techniques for Teaching Earth Science West Nyack, N.Y.: Parker Publishing Co., 1975 230 pp., $10.95 Reviewed by Waring B. Hill

Stadtfeld, Curtis K. Whitetail Deer: A Year's Cycle New York: The Dial Press, 1975 163 pp., $7.95 Reviewed by Paul F. Connor

Carrier, Rick Fly: The Complete Book of Sky Sailing New York: McGraw-Hill Book Co., 1975 128 pp., $7.95 Reviewed by A.D. Goddard

Duncan, Wilbur H. Woody Vines of the Southeastern United States Athens: The University of Georgia Press, 1975 76 pp., $2.50 Reviewed by A. J. Sharp

Barnes, R. S. K. Estuarine Biology (The Institute of Biology's Studies in Biology no. 49) New York: Crane, Russak &; Co., 1975 76 pp., $3.25 Reviewed by Brother G. Nicholas

Bendick, Jeanne How Heredity Works: Why Living Things Are As They Are (Finding-out books) New York: Parent's Magazine Press, 1975 64 pp., $4.59 Reviewed by Donald J. Nash     

The amino acid sequence of glutamate dehydrogenase fromPyrococcus furiosus, a hyperthermophilic archaebacterium

The complete amino acid sequence of glutamate dehydrogenase from the archaebacteriumPyrococcus furiosus has been determined. The sequence was reconstructed by automated sequence analysis of peptides obtained after cleavage with cyanogen bromide, Asp-N endoproteinase, trypsin, or pepsin. The enzyme subunit is composed of 420 amino acid residues yielding a molecular mass of 47,122 D. In the recently determined primary structure of glutamate dehydrogenase from another thermophilic archaebacterium,Sulfolobus solfataricus, the presence of some methylated lysines was detected and the possible role of this posttranslational modification in enhancing the thermostability of the enzyme was discussed (Maras, B., Consalvi, V., Chiaraluce, R., Politi, L., De Rosa, M., Bossa, F., Scandurra, R., and Barra, D. (1992),Eur. J. Biochem. 203, 81–87). In the primary structure reported here, such posttranslational modification has not been found, indicating that the role of lysine methylation should be revisited. Comparison of the sequence of glutamate dehydrogenase fromPyrococcus furiosus with that ofS. solfataricus shows a 43.7% similarity, thus indicating a common evolutionary pathway.     

Items from the Literature

LIPP, WALTHER. Histochemische Methoden. Twenty-four pages per issue; 3 issues (No. 12, 13 and 14) during 1957. R. Oldenbourg, Miinchen 1, Germany. DM 30-for 6 issues; DM 6—per single copy. (In German)

STACH, E. Auflicht-Mikroslcopie mit Immersions-Kappen. Mikroskopie, 12, 232-42. 1957.

JOHNSON, C. Time savers in the paraffin technique. Turtox News, 36, 126-7. 1958.

JONSSON, N., and LAGERSTEDT, S. Losses of nucleic acid derivatives from fixed tissues during flattening of paraffin sections on water. Experientia, 14, 157-9. 1958.

SCHAUMKELL, K. W., STANGE, H. H., and DÖRFFLER, P. Methodische Untersuchungen über die pH-abhängige Aufname saurer und basischer Hellfeld-Diachrome in der Nebennierenrinde. Mikroskopie, 12, 227-32. 1957.

SCHEFTHALER, MARIA, and MAYET, A. Eine Modification der Bielschowsky Methode für periphere Nervenfasern. Mikroskopie, 12, 298-801. 1958.

LANGENBUCH, R. Beitrag zur Färbung von Einschluszkörpern (Polyedern) in Blut- und Gewebeausstrichen viruskranker Insecten. Mikroskopie, 12, 267-8. 1957.

SHUGAR, D., and BARANOWSKA, J. Quantitative Gram staining with labelled iodine. Nature, 181, 357-8. 1958.

ARVY, L., and GABE, M. Comparison des activitiés aliestérasique mises en évidence par les techniques au tween et a l'acétate de naphthyle. Ann. d'Histochimie, 2, 141-8. 1957.

VERNE, J., and WEGMANN, R. Problèmes actuels de la cytochimie des estérases (carboxyl estérases and cholinestérases). Ann. d'Histochimie, 2, 75-107. 1957.

WEGMANN, R. Les carbonyles lipidiques. III. Les facteurs associés au prétraitement. Ann. d'Histochimie, 2, 197-214. 1957.     

Book Reviews

A DEPARTMENT DEVOTED TO ABSTRACTS OF BOOKS AND PAPERS FROM OTHER JOURNALS DEALING WITH STAINS AND MICROSCOPIC TECHNIC IN GENERAL

CONN, H. J., DARROW, MARY A., and EMMEL, VICTOR M. Staining Procedures, 2nd Ed. 289 pages, 9 × 6 inches, perforated; spiral plastic binding, with cardbooard covers. The Williams & Wilkins Company, Baltimore 2, Maryland. $5.00. 1960.

GURR, EDWARD. Encyclopaedia of Microscopic Stains. 498 pages, 10 × 6 inches. The Williams & Wilkins Co., Baltimore 2, Maryland, exclusive U. S. agents. $18.50. 1960.

ELECTRON MICROSCOPY AMELUNXEN, F., and THEMANN, H. Zur Fixation mit Kaliumpermanganat. Mikroscopie, 14, 276-83. 1960.

PHOTOMICROGRAPHY MIGNANI, G., MARCHETTI, P. G., and HUSSL, B. Die Anwendung der mikroradiographischen Technik zum Studium des Knochengewebes. Mikroskopie, 14, 131-43. 1959.

DYES AND THEIR BIOLOGICAL USES KAUFMAN, L., and WEAVER, R. H. Use of neutral red fluorescence for the identification of colonies of Clostridia. J. Bact., 79, 292-4. 1960.

ANIMAL MICROTECHNIC LOUIS, C. J., and WHITE, J. Fluorescein-globulin staining of cells in tissue cultures. Lab. Invest., 9, 273-82. 1960.

McFARLANE, J. E., and KENNARD, C. P. Further observations on water absorption by the eggs of Acheta domesticus (L). Canad. J. Zool., 38, 77-85. 1960.

PROVENZA, D. V., and CHENG, T. C. A simplified parlodion method for sectioning teeth; with notes on the decalcification of teeth. Trans. Am. Micr. Soc., 79, 103-4. 1960.

PLANT MICROTECHNIC DEVIDÉ, Z., and WRISCHER, M., Versuche über gasblasenfreie Plexiglas Einbettung von pflanzlichen Objecten für Ultramikrotomie. Mikroskopie, 14, 337-42. 1960.

MICROORGANISMS BORZANI, W. Measurement of gram-positiveness. J. Bact., 79, 431-3. 1960.

DEIBEL, R. H., and EVANS, J. B. Modified benzidine test for the detection of cytochrome-containing respiratory systems in microorganisms. J. Bact., 79, 356-60. 1960.

SAHAB, K. Method for demonstrating capsules of enterobacteriaceae. J. Bact., 79, 198-202. 1960.

WEIBULL, C. Counting procedures for phase contrast microscopy. J. Bact., 79, 155. 1960.

HISTOCHEMISTRY BAKER, J. R. II, HEW, H., and FISHMAN, W. H. The use of chloral hydrate formaldehyde fixative solution in enzyme histochemistry. J. Histochem. Cytochem., 6, 244-50. 1958.

FISCHER, R., and ZALESCHUK, J. A semi-micro method for the determination of crystal violet sorbed to biological material. J. Histochem. Cytochem., 6, 237-43. 1958.

TAKEUCHI, T. Histochemical demonstration of branching enzyme (amylo-1,4 £ 1,6-transglucosidase), in animal tissues. J. Histochem. Cytochem., 6, 208-16. 1958.

ZUGIBE, F. T., KOPACZYK, K. C., CAPE, W. E., and LAST, J. H. A new Carbowax method for routinely performing lipid, hematoxylin and eosin and elastic staining techniques on adjacent freeze-dried or formalin-fixed sections. J. Histochem. Cytochem., 6, 133-8. 1958.     

Book Reviews

Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor: Structure and Function (NATO Advanced Science Institutes Series H: Cell Biology, Vol. 3) Edited by A. MAELICKE Springer-Verlag, Berlin

The Chemical Basis of Radiation Biology C. Von Sonntag Taylor & Francis

Advances in Free Radicals in Disease Corongiu, F.P., Tomasi, A. and Vannini

Modern Biological Theories of Aging Aging Series Vol. 31. WARNER, H.R., BUTLER, R.N., SPROTT, R.L. and SCHNEIDER     

Items from the Literature

Conn, H. J. Biological Stains. 7th ed., 355 pages, 27 figures, 9 × 6 inches, hard covers. The Williams &;: Wilkins Company, Baltimore 2, Maryland. $9.00. 1961.

Electron Microscopy Reimer, L., and GADACZ, H. Zur Schichtdickenkontrolle bei der elektronenmikroskopischen Schrägbeschattungsmethode. Z. wiss. Mikr., 65, 105-17. 1961.

Dyes and Their Biological Uses Macconaill, M. A., and GURR, E. The faviolic acid group of stains in histology. Irish J. Med. Sci., 1962, 1-12. 1962.

Animal Microtechnic Berres, H. H. Zur Darstellung peripherer Nervenfasem in der Haut. Z. wiss. Mikr., 65, 63-9. 1961.

Elias H., Henning A., and ELIAS P. M. Contributions to the geometry of sectioning. V. Some methods for the study of kidney structure. Z. wiss. Mikr., 65, 70-82. 1961.

Ewen, A. B. An improved aldehyde-fuchsin staining technique for neurosecretary products in insects. Tr. Amer. Micr. Soc, 81, 94-6. 1962.

Movat, Henry Z., STEINER, JAN W., and HUHN, DIETER. The fine structure of the glomerulus in acute glomerulonephritis. Lab. Investig., 11, 117-35. 1962.

Shaver, Evelyn L. The chromosomes of the opossum, Didelphis virginiana. Canad. J. Genet. Cytol. 4, 62-8. 1962.

Microorganisms Laird, Marshall. Trichodinids and other parasitic protozoa from the intertidal zone at Nanaimo, Vancouver Island. Canad. J. Zool., 39, 833-44. 1961.

Histochemistry Burstone, M. S. New histochemical techniques for the demonstration of tissue oxidase (cytochrome oxidase). I. Hisiochem. Cytochem., 7, 112-22. 1959.

Glenner, G. G., and LILLIE, R. D. Observations on the diazotization-coupling reaction for the histochemical demonstration of tyrosine: metal chelation and formazan variants. J. Histochem. Cytochem., 7, 416-22. 1959.

Hess, R., and Pearse, A. G. E. Histochemical demonstration of uridine diphosphate glucose dehydrogenase. Experientia, 15, 317-8. 1961.

LOVE, R., and LILES, R. H. Differentiation of nucleoproteins by inactivation of protein-bound amino groups and staining with toluidine blue and ammonium molybdate. J. Histochem. Cytochem., 7, 164-81. 1959.

Zimmerman, H., and Pearse, A. G. E. Limitations in the histochemical demonstration of pyridine nucleotide-linked dehydrogenases (“nothing dehydrogenase”). J. Histochem. Cytochem. 7, 271-5. 1959.     

1H, 15N and 13C resonance assignments and secondary structure of group II phospholipase A2 from Agkistrodon piscivorus piscivorus: Presence of an amino-terminal helix in solution

Summary ¹H, ¹⁵N and ¹³C resonance assignments are presented for the group II phospholipase A2 (PLA2) from Agkistrodon piscivorus piscivorus. The secondary structure of the enzyme has been inferred from an analysis of coupling constants, interproton distances, chemical shifts, and kinetics of amide exchange. Overall, the secondary structure of this PLA2 is similar to the crystal structure of the homologous group II human nonpancreatic secretory phospholipase [Scott, D.L., White, S.P., Browning, J.L., Rosa, J.J., Gelb, M.H. and Sigler, P.B. (1991) Science, 254, 1007–1010]. In the group I enzyme from porcine pancreas, the amino-terminal helix becomes fully ordered in the ternary complex of enzyme, lipid micelles and inhibitor. The formation of this helix is thought to be important for the increase in activity of phospholipases on aggregated substrates [Van den Berg, B., Tessari, M., Boelens, R., Dijkman, R., De Haas, G.H., Kaptein, R. and Verheij, H.M. (1995) Nature Struct. Biol., 2, 402–406]. However, the group II enzyme from Agkistrodon piscivorus piscivorus possesses a defined and well-positioned aminoterminal helix in the absence of substrate. Therefore, there is a clear difference between the conformations of group I and group II enzymes in solution. These conformational differences suggest that formation of the amino-terminal helix is a necessary, but not sufficient, step in interfacial activation of phospholipases.Abbreviations PLA2 phospholipase A2 - App-D49 phospholipase from Agkistrodon piscivorus piscivorus - NOE nuclear Overhauser effect     

RECENT HIGHLIGHTS ON PHOTOLITHIC OLIGONUCLEOTIDE ARRAY IN SITU SYNTHESIS

Light directed synthesis of high-density oligonucleotide microarrays is currently performed using either ortho-nitro-benzyl-type [MeNPOC] (Pease, A.C., Solas, D., Sullivan, E.J., Cronin, T.M., Holmes, C.P., Fodor, S.P.A. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 1994, 91, 6333.) or ortho-nitrophenyl-ethyl-type [NPPOC] (Hasan, A., Stengele, K.P., Giegrich, H., Cornwell, P., Isham, K.R., Sachleben, R.A., Pfleiderer, W., Foote, R.S., Tetrahedron 1997, 53, 4247.) protecting groups as the 5′-O-carbonate ester of the phosphoramidite building block. The synthesis cycle uses a combinatorial approach attaching one specific base per cycle, thus as many as 100 cycles need to be run to make an array of 25-mers. Time needed for deprotection/activation of the growing oligo chain determines overall manufacturing time and consequently also cost. In this report we demonstrate the development of photoprotected phosphoramidite monomers for light directed array synthesis with increasing sensitivity to the UV light used. If combined with maskless array synthesis, this technology allows for synthesis of arrays with >780,000 different 25-mer oligonucleotides in about one hour and allows for high flexibility in array design and reiterative redesign. The arrays synthesized show high quality and reproducibility in our standard hybridization based assay.     

Southern hemisphere synonyms of Racomitrium sudeticum (Funck) Bruch et Schimp.

Abstract

Type material is studied for six names of southern hemisphere Racomitria, viz. R. dustro-georgicum Par., R. amoenum (Broth.) Par., R. substenocladum Card., R. skottsbergii Card. et Broth., R. substenocladum fo. *nigrescens Card. et Broth., and R. austro-georgicum var. kranckii Riov. They are all placed as synonyms of R. sudeticum (Funck) Bruch et Schimp., which accordingly is bipolar. Racomitrium austro-sudeticum Broth. in Herz. belongs to the genus Grimmia.     

African Hepatics. XXX: The genus Radula Dumortier

Abstract

Fifteen species of Radula from Africa and the Mascarenes are described, of which R. pseudoflaccida is new. The following species are newly reduced to synonyms: R. angustata Steph., R. capensis Steph., R. guineensis Steph., R. macroloba Steph., R. molleri Steph., R. pirottae Gola and R. spongiosa Steph. R. caespitosa Steph. is transferred from R. tabularis Steph. to R. madagascariensis Gottsche.

Habit, stem-structure, leaf-cuticle, perianth and spores provide valuable taxonomic characters which have received little or no attention and which show some degree of correlation. The range of forms shown by the lobule in a single species represent stages in its development.     

A COMPARISON OF THE PROPERTIES AND THE SOLUTION STRUCTURE FOR RNA AND DNA QUADRUPLEXES WHICH CONTAIN TWO GGAGG SEQUENCES JOINED WITH A TETRANUCLEOTIDE LINKER

Abstract

We have determined solution structure of r(GGAGGUUUUGGAGG) (R14) by NMR; the RNA 14-mer forms an intra-strand parallel quadruplex with a G-tetrad and a hexad, in which a G-tetrad core is augmented by association of two A residues. The quadruplex further forms a dimer through stacking interaction between the hexads. In order to obtain insight into the difference between RNA and DNA quadruplexes, we synthesized the corresponding DNA 14-mer, d(GGAGGTTTTGGAGG) (D14), and examined its properties and structure by CD, gel electrophoresis, and NMR. K⁺ ions increased the thermal stability of both R14 and D14 structures. The binding affinity of K⁺ ions to R14 was much higher than that to D14. The CD and gel electrophoretic studies suggest that D14 forms a quadruplex entirely different from that of R14 in the presence of K⁺ ions; two molecules of D14 form a quadruplex with both antiparallel and parallel strand alignments and with diagonal loops at both ends of the stacked G-tetrads. The NMR study also gave results that are consistent with such structure: alternate glycosidic conformation, 5′G(syn)-G(anti)3′, and characteristic chemical shift data observed for many quadruplexes containing diagonal TTTT loops.     

Identification of phospholipase D from cabbage as N-terminally acetylated PLD2

Recently, the genes of two isoenzymes of phospholipase D from white cabbage (PLD1 and PLD2) with molecular masses of 91.7 and 91.9 kDa, respectively, have been sequenced and expressed in Escherichia coli [Schäffner, I., Rücknagel, K.-P., Mansfeld, J., and Ulbrich-Hofmann, R. (2002). Eur. J. Lipid Sci. Technol. 104: 79–87]. Both enzymes are highly homologous (91% identity) and behave very similarly. Phospholipase D purified from white cabbage leaves (PLD_cab) is compared with the two recombinant enzymes in sodium dodecylsulfate and native polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, isoelectric focusing, N-terminal sequencing, and mass spectrometry after tryptic digestion. As a result, PLD_cab clearly can be assigned to PLD2. In contrast to recombinant PLD2, however, PLD_cab is N-terminally acetylated.