Mancata formazione di forme ascofore e conservazione di culture di Funghi Patogeni in substrati naturali

Riassunto Il tentativo di ottenere forme picnidiche od ascofore di Dermatofiti, lasciandoli crescere durante 3 anni, all'oscuro (sotto terra e in cantina), su substrati cosidetti naturali (penne di gallina; crine di cavallo; unghie fresche di cavallo; cuoio grezzo conciato; letame bovino fresco e maturo; fieno secco e fieno-silos; terra da giardino) non ha dato risultati positivi. Si é constatato, però, che nella maggior parte dei substrati e per la maggior parte delle specie, queste rimangono viventi, e da culture normali non vi é tendenza a pleomorfizzare ; al contrario, talvolta, si ha un tentative di ripristino della normale morfologia partendo da culture pleomorfiche.

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Summary The attempt of obtaining pyknidic or ascus-bearing forms of Dermatophytes, letting them grow during a period of three years in the darkness (underground and in cellars) on so-called natural mediums (henfeathers, horse-hair; fresh horse-hoofs; raw tanned leather; fresh and ripe cattle manure; dried and silos-hay; garden soil) has not given satisfying results.It has been observed, however, that in the greater part of mediums and for what concerns the greatest part of species, these remain alive, and in the normal cultures there is not tendency towards a pleomorphism ; on the contrary, it has been sometimes observed an attempt of regaining the normal morphology in the pleomorphic cultures.

     

Un Metodo Semplice per la Preparazione Biosintetica di d-Glucosio e d-Fruttosio Uniformemente Marcati Con Carbonio-14

Abstract

A simple procedure for the biosynthetic preparation of carbon-C¹¹ labelled D-glucose and D-fructose. — C ¹¹-uniformely-labelled D-glucose and D-fructose have been prepared by exposing to C ¹¹ O ₂ leaves of Beta vulgaris var. saccharifera and Nicotiana tabacum. From 24 to 36 percent of the radioactivity supplied to the leaves was recovered in the two monosaccharides. The specific activity of D-glucose ranged from 8.7 to 18 microcuries per micromole while values from 8.3 to 20.8 were obtained in the case of D-fructose. The higher specific activities were always obtained when N. tabacum was employed. As compared to the radioactive monosaccharides further purified by two-dimensional paper chromatography, D-glucose and D-fructose prepared according to the proposed procedure showed a radiochemical purity of 98.7 and 99.8 percent, respectively.

After exposure to C ¹⁴ O ₂ (final concentration 0.345 percent, by volume) for 24 hours at room temperature and 700 lux, the leaves were homogenized with quartz and extracted with water and 80 percent ethanol. The sugars were purified first by chromatography on a column of cocoanut charcoal, then by preparative paper chromatography. The time required for a complete experiment is of approximately 17 hours.

The procedure may be conveniently applied to preparations employing from a few microcuries up to 100 millicuries of BaC ¹⁴ O ₃. No special equipment is required.     

Segnalazione di piante nuove,inedite, o notevoli per la regione marchigiana. III

Abstract

A report about new or interesting plants in the Marche region. III. — The authors report about the occurrence in the Marche of 61 entities of specific or infraspecific rank, 22 of which are new or unpublished concerning the region, while the remaining 39 have been previously very little or imprecisely mentioned; as to the latter new localities and stations are shown or general information on the distribution over the Marche district has been supplied. Out of the first 22 entities, 18 (Fumaria muralis subsp. muralis, Cardamine flexuosa, Lunaria annua subsp. pachyrhiza, Colutea arborescens subsp. gallica, Astragalus monspessulanas subsp. illyricus, Cornus sanguinea subsp. australis, Galium verrucosum, Hedypnois rhagadioloides subsp. tubaeformis, Andryala tenuifolia, Sonchus asper subsp. glaucescens, Rheichardia picroides var. maritima, Podospermum canum, Scorzonera austriaca, S. hirsuta, Bidens frondosa, Guizotia abyssinica, Ambrosia elatior, A. trifida) are, as far as the authors know, quite new or unpublished concerning the Marche, while 4 (Rumex angiocarpus, Trifolium repens subsp. prostratum, Epilobium lanceolatum, Picris hieracioides subsp. spinulosa) are generally reported in Middle Italy or over the whole Italian territory by the general Floras, but till now have not been mentioned in works dealing with regional flora.     

Segnalazione di Piante Nuove,Inedite o Notevoli per la Regione Marchigiana. I

Abstract

A report about new or interesting plants in the Marche region. I. — The author points out or in some cases confirms the occurrence in this region of 107 species or subspecies. The report is based on the collections and observations made by the author himself and his collaborators during the last years. 31 of such entities (Asplenium trichomanes subsp. quadrivalens, Amaranthus blitoides, Cerastium brachypetalum subsp. roeseri, C. silvaticum, Silene alba subsp. divaricata, Ceratocephalus falcatus, Malcolmia orsiniana, Arabis collina, Fibigia clypeata, Neslia paniculata subsp. thracica, Hymenolobus pauciflorus, Biscutella didyma, Hirschfeldia incana, Rapistrum rugosum subsp. orientale, R. rugosum subsp. linnaeanum, Sempervivum italicum, Lembotropis nigricans, Chamaecytisus polytrichus, Ononis mitissima, Melilotus neapolitana, Trifolium hybridum subsp. hybridum, T. phleoides, Lotus edulis, Oxalis europaea, O. articulata, Euphorbia prostrata, Rhamnus alpinus subsp. fallax, Fumana arabica, Oenonthe lachenalii, Pimpinella tragium subsp. lithophila, Ferula communis subsp. glauca) are quite new or never dealt with for the Marche region, sometimes even for the whole central section of the Italian Peninsula; other 18 (Moehringia pentandra, Minuartia mediterranea, Stellaria nemorum subsp. glochidisperma, Cerastium semidecandrum subsp. semidecandrum, Sagina maritima, Spergularia marina, S. bocconii, Petrorhagia velutina, Adonis flammea, Sisymbrium orientale, Rorippa amphibia, Cardamine resedifolia, Capsella rubella, Potentilla detomasii, Vicia lathyroides, Trigonella monspeliaca, Hippocrepis ciliata, Geranium purpureum) are briefly reported in Middle Italy by the Italian general Floras, but till now have not been mentioned in works dealing with regional floristic. The remaining 58 entities are already known in the Marche, but scarcely reported, or their location is either not clearly defined or insufficiently described. For these new localities and stations are given, or general information on their distribution throughout the region is provided.     

The first water channel protein (later called aquaporin 1) was first discovered in Cluj-Napoca, Romania.

This invited review briefly outlines the importance of membrane water permeability, highlights the landmarks leading to the discovery of water channels. After a decade of systematic studies on water channels in human RBC Benga's group discovered in 1985 the presence and location of the water channel protein among the polypeptides migrating in the region of 35-60 kDa on the electrophoretogram of RBC membrane proteins. The work was extended and reviewed in several articles. In 1988, Agre and coworkers isolated a new protein from the RBC membrane, nick-named CHIP28 (channel-forming integral membrane protein of 28 kDa). However, in addition to the 28 kDa component, this protein had a 35-60 kDa glycosylated component, the one detected by the Benga's group. Only in 1992 Agre's group suggested that "it is likely that CHIP28 is a functional unit of membrane water channels". Half of the 2003 Nobel Prize in Chemistry was awarded to Peter Agre (Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, USA) "for the discovery of water channels", actually the first water channel protein from the human red blood cell (RBC) membrane, known today as aquaporin 1 (AQP1). The seminal contributions from 1986 of the Benga's group were grossly overlooked by Peter Agre and by the Nobel Prize Committee. Thousands of science-related professionals from hundreds of academic and research units, as well as participants in several international scientific events, have signed as supporters of Benga; his priority is also mentioned in several comments on the 2003 Nobel Prize.     

La Posidonia oceanica: problemi di ecologia,di funzionamento e di biologia

Abstract

The functional roles of seagrasses in the economy of coastal waters are to be fully realised and more clearly delineated. The biology, ecology and energetics of seagrasses meadows of the Mediterranean Sea, and in particular of Posidonia oceanica inclusing the stabilization of coastal sediments, this role as a base for major detrital food chains, nutrient resources contributory to general productivity of the open sea and the support of dense epiphytic communities, are discussed.     

I muscoli metamerici delle larve di anuri e la teoria segmentale del Loeb

Il presente lavoro è stato eseguito nell' Istituto di Anatomia e Fisiologia Comparate dell' Università di Palermo, diretto dal prof. F.Raffaele. Il manoscritto relativo era pronto fin dall' ottobre dell' anno passato, ma il mio trasferimento da Palermo a Pavia e varie altre circostanze mi avevano finora impedito dal darvi l'ultima mano.Al prof.Raffaele che ha seguito con efficace interessamento queste ricerche e che ha voluto adesso gentilmente rivedere anche il manoscritto, i miei più cordiali ringraziamenti.     

Il modello messiniano e la distribuzione bipolare di Morisia monanthos (Viv.) Ascherson (Brassicaceae) in Corsica

Abstract

The Messinian Model and the bipolar distribution of Morisia monanthos in Corsica. – The bipolar distribution of the palaeoendemic Morisia monanthos (Viv.) Ascherson in Corsica is discussed. It is shown that the limiting factor is not the rocky subsoil but the actual condition of the soil: a marly ground subject to erosion is compulsory for this plant. The historical origin of this particular pattern of distribution is explained on the basis of the Messinian Model.     

Osservazioni Sull'embriologia di Nerine Rosea e di Amaryllis Belladonna (Amaryllidaceae)

Summary

The embryosac development in Nerine rosea Herb. has been found to occur according to the Normal type and indications of an identical development were found for Nerine curvifolia Herb., contrary to the observations of Schlimbach (1924), who reported a Lilium type for this species. Embryosacs of the Normal type also occur in Amaryllis Belladonna, to which a tetrasporic development had been erroneously ascribed by Schlimbach (1924). In Nerine rosea Herb. the formation of the microspores is of the «successive» type; the aploid cromosome number is n=12, in accordance with the describtions of Heitz.     

Azione esercitata dal cianuro sulla crescita e sull'inverdimento di plantule di Picea abies (L.) Karsten e di Larix decidua Miller

Abstract

Action of cyanide on growth and greening of seedlings of Picea abies and Larix decidua.—The effects of cyanide on growth and greening of dark germinated seedlings of Picea abies and Larix decidua are studied. While growth of Picea seedlings is scarcely inhibited, the effect of the inhibitor on Larix seedlings is very drastic. Greening of Picea seedlings is never inhibited while, at stronger concentrations, cyanide weakly inhibits greening of Larix seedlings. When seedlings are treated with cyanide and salicylhydrossamic acid, an inhibitor of mithocondrial respiration cyanide non-sensible, growth is inhibited more strongly than when cyanide only is used and greening too is inhibited. Cyanide is shown to be able to reach megagametophyte and embryo and to be incorporated steadily.