Note di Biometrica. I. Il numero dei fiori ligulati nelle Infiorescenze diChrysanthemum Leucanthemum L.

Ohne Zusammenfassung     

Sullo sviluppo dei blastomeri isolati dalle uova di alcune meduse (e di altri organismi)

Con le tav. I–IV.     

Sullo sviluppo dei blastomeri isolati dalle uova di alcune meduse (e di altri organismi)

Una breve nota preventiva è pubblicata in Anat. Anz. Bd. X, Nr. 6, per quanto si riferisce alle meduse, e in Rend. Ist. Lomb. serie II, Vol. XXVII, fasc. XX per gli echini.     

Sincronologia e sincorologia dei boschi di faggio (Fagetalia sylvaticae) nell'Europa centrale

Abstract

From Preboreal to Late Atlantic times the landscape of Central Europe was covered by dense primeval woodlands, with the final stages of the natural succession differing from site to site, according to the climatic and soil conditions. There is evidence today, that the potential natural state of vegetation exists under the prevailing environmental conditions. In the same way, the Late- and Postglacial vegetation types and stages are supposed to have had floristical differences, or at least regional differences in the dominance or composition of their characteristic species. According to that, the periodic development phases of broad-leaved woodland with the successive immigration of the respective trees till the middle of the Atlantic period (until about 6000 yr. B.P.; POTT 1988) reflect the ecological balance under different climatic and edaphic conditions and are exclusively due to natural factors. In conifer-woods of Boreal and Pre-Atlantic fires, insects and diseases were the most important natural factors influencing vegetation in the past, and they also affected the virgin forests.So, during the long-lasting Postglacial process of woodland development - even before the Neolithic landnam periods - the changes in the appearance and the composition of plant communities resulted from habitat patterns and were modified by edaphic or biological factors. The vegetation of the EMW (oak-mixed Atlantic forests) varied in space and time with Quercus, Ulmus, Tilia, Fraxinus and Alnus as predominant species. The broad-leaved forests of the Atlantic period are often reflected in pollen diagrams derived from the Pleistocene loess and sand accumulations for example of the Northwest German lowlands. The abundance of Tilia, Quercus and Ulmus on loess soils and their restricted occurrence with dominance of Alnus on sandy soils with high ground-water levels is very significant (BAKELS 1978, 1982; POTT 1982).     

Anthelmintic Effects of the Essential Oil of Fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Mill., Apiaceae) against Schistosoma mansoni

Foeniculum vulgare Mill . (Apiaceae), known as fennel, is a widespread aromatic herbaceous plant, and its essential oil is used as additive in the food, pharmaceutical, cosmetic, and perfume industries. The in vitro antischistosomal activity and cytotoxic effects against V79 cells of the essential oil of F. vulgare cultivated in southeastern Brazil (FV‐EO) was investigated. The FV‐EO was obtained by hydrodistillation and characterized by GC‐FID and GC/MS analyses. (E)‐Anethole (69.8%) and limonene (22.5%) were identified as the major constituents. Its anthelmintic activity against Schistosoma mansoni was evaluated at concentrations of 10, 50, and 100 μg/ml, and it was found to be active against adult S. mansoni worms, although it was less effective than the positive control praziquantel (PZQ) in terms of separation of the coupled pairs, mortality, and decreased motor activity. However, FV‐EO elicited an interesting dose‐dependent reduction in the number of S. mansoni eggs. On their own, (E)‐anethole and the limonene enantiomers were much less effective than FV‐EO and PZQ. An XTT‐cytotoxicity‐based assay evidenced no FV‐EO cytotoxicity against V79 cells. In summary, FV‐EO displayed moderate in vitro schistosomicidal activity against adult S. mansoni worms, exerted remarkable inhibitory effects on the egg development, and was of low toxicity.     

Contributo alla conoscenza della Flora dei pascoli erbosi e boschivi di Monterotondo (Roma)

Summary

After having summarly described the ecological conditions of the area of the Roman Province which are studied by the author, he lists the plants collected and adds some critical remarks on the taxonomy. He gives a list of a few taxa, which must be regarded as having been found for the first time in Lazio, or are infrequent in this Province.

The author describes the vegetation of some pastures and woods by means of statistical investigations. Finaly he takes into consideration the reciprocal influence exerted by the various plant-communities.     

Forme Nuove di Arisarum Vulgare Targ. Tozz

Riassunto

L'autore, facendo delle ricerche sulla variabilità individuale nel numero dei fiori maschili e femminili dell'Arisarum vulgare, ha trovato alcuni casi teratologici e identificato e descritto le seguenti forme nuove: A. viridescens, A. Negrii, A. Pampaninii, A. Passerinii, A. Rovestii.