不同冷冻条件对骨髓造血细胞的CFU－GM形成能力及DNA活性的影响

本文对不同冷冻条件下人骨髓造血细胞的粒单系集落（ＣＦＵ－ＧＭ）形成能力及ＤＮＡ活性变化进行测定。结果证明：室温下低温保护剂二甲基亚砜（ＤＭＳＯ）使骨髓造血细胞形成ＣＦＵ－ＧＭ的能力下降;程序降温至－８０℃与降至－８０℃后与在液氮内冻存７天骨髓造血细胞相比较,二者形成ＣＦＵ－ＧＭ的能力以及ＤＮＡ活性均无明显变化;在程序降温过程中,消除融合热释放组骨髓造血细胞形成ＣＦＵ－ＧＭ的能力明显高于来消除融合热释放组。     

小鼠胎肝基质细胞系MFLC自发分泌多种细胞因子

在无外源刺激条件征,我室所建小鼠胎肝基质细胞系ＭＦＬＣ可自发分泌多处类型细胞因子,其中ＩＬ－６及化学趋化因了水平较高,ＧＭ－ＣＳＦ较低,但示检测到ＩＬ－３及ＩＬ－７活性,引细胞上清对小鼠骨髓造血干细胞有明显的促集落形成效应。并呈现剂量依赖关系,所形成的集落以ＣＦＵ－ＧＭＭ及ＣＦＵ－ＧＭ为主,此细胞上清还促进５－Ｆｕ耐受小鼠骨髓造血干细胞的集落形成,提示上清中存在ＳＣＦ样活性成份。上述结果表明,ＭＦ     

锂对小鼠高增殖潜能集落形成细胞和粒巨噬系祖细胞体外增殖的影响

本文观察了锂对ＢＡＬＢ／Ｃ小鼠骨髓高增殖潜能集落形成细胞（ＨＰＰ－ＣＦＣ）和粒巨噬系祖细胞ＣＦＵ－ＧＭ体外增殖的影响。ＨＰＰ－ＣＦＣ集落由ＩＬ－１、ＩＬ－６、ＷＥＨＩ３条件培养液（ＷＥＨＩ３－ＣＭ,含有ＩＬ－３）及Ｌ９２９条件培养液（Ｌ９２９－ＣＭ,含有Ｍ－ＣＳＦ）所支持,而ＣＦＵ－ＧＭ由ＷＥＨＩ３－ＣＭ所支持。结果显示,ＬｉＣｌ浓度在０．４－２ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ时呈现剂量依赖性抑制ＨＰＰ－ＣＦＣ增殖;而在０．４－１ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ的浓度范围内,则对ＣＦＵ－ＧＭ的增殖起剂量依赖性促进作用。这些结果提示ＬｉＣｌ对ＨＰＰ－ＣＦＣ和ＣＦＵ－ＧＭ的作用不同,可能锂有诱导ＨＰＰ－ＣＦＣ向成熟细胞分化的作用     

重组IL－6与IL－3或／和GM－CSF合用对正常BN大鼠粒单系体外造血的调控效应

本研究探讨了重组人ＩＬ－６与大鼠ＩＬ－３和／或小鼠ＧＭ－ＣＳＦ结合对正常ＢＮ大鼠粒单系体外造血的调控效应。结果表明,ＩＬ－６在１０００－４０００Ｕ／ｍｌ呈剂量依赖性刺激粒系造血祖细胞集落形成及骨髓细胞的ＤＮＡ合成,集落以ＧＭ型为主,其刺激活性低于ＩＬ－３或ＣＭ－ＣＳＦ。ｌＬ－６与ＩＬ－３和／或ＧＭ－ＣＳＦ的结合对粒单系集落形成及ＤＮＡ合成无协同或相加作用,甚至出现拮抗效应,但却显著增大集落。提示ＩＬ－６可能具有双向调控作用,促进早期造血细胞的增殖,拮抗其它因子对晚期粒单系造血的刺激作用;具有重叠生物效应的这３种细胞因子在调控造血时,它们之间的相互作用应是顺序的而不是同时的。     

人胎肝中低分子抑瘤物的分离纯化、结构鉴定及其对肿瘤细胞生长的选择性抑制作用

在胎儿组织中存在一类低分子肿瘤抑制物。胎肝细胞的甲醇－丙酮提取物中保留有大部分抑瘤活性。用体外液体培养条件下对人急性粒系白血病细胞系（ＨＬ－６０）的抑制作用为指标,跟踪指导分离过程。提取物经反相Ｃ１８中压液相色谱、ＳｅｐｈａｄｅｘＬＨ－２０凝胶色谱及氨基键合相高效液相色谱分离得到一纯活性物质,经ＮＭＲ和ＭＳ鉴定为７－酮基胆固醇（７－ｋｅｔｏｃｂｌｅｓｔｅｒｏｌ,７－ＫＣ）。体外琼脂培养条件下７－ＫＣ对小鼠ＷＥＨ１－３和Ｓ－１８０细胞较对正常小鼠骨髓粒一巨噬系祖细胞有更强的抑制增殖及集落生成作用。７－ＫＣ对ＨＬ－６０细胞增殖较对正常人骨髓ＣＦＵ－ＧＭ有更强的抑制作用。     

骨髓内皮细胞产物对CFU-F、CFU-GM和WEHI-3细胞生长的作用

为了研究骨髓内皮细胞的造血调控功能,采用串联超波技术脞小鼠骨髓内皮细胞无血清条件培养液（ｍＢＭＥＣ－ＣＭ）中制血出不同相对分子质量（Ｍｇｔ）范围的超滤组分,进行细胞集落形成实难,检测了ｍＢＭＥＣ－ＣＭ及其超滤组分对骨髓成纤维祖细胞（ＣＦＵ－Ｆ）、粒巨噬系造血祖细胞（ＣＦＵ－ＧＭ）和小鼠业单系白现细胞系ＷＥＨＩ－３细胞生长的作用。结果显示：ｍＢＭＥＣ－ＣＭ抑制ＣＦＵ－Ｆ的生长,对ＣＦＵ－ＧＭ和ＷＥＨ     

锂对小鼠高增殖潜能集落形成细胞和粒巨噬系祖细胞体外增殖…

本文观察了锂对ＢＡＬＢ／Ｃ小鼠骨髓高增殖潜能集落形成细胞和粒巨噬系祖细胞ＣＦＵ－ＧＭ体外增殖的影响。ＨＰＰ－ＣＦＣ集落由ＩＬ－１,ＩＬ－６,ＷＥＨＩ３条件培养液及Ｌ９２９条件培养液所支持,而ＣＦＵ－ＧＭ由ＷＥＨＩ３－ＣＭ所支持。结果显示,ＬｉＣｌ浓度在０．４－２ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ时呈现剂量依赖性抑制ＨＰＰ－ＣＦＣ增殖;而在０．４－１ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ的浓度范围内,则对ＣＦＵ－ＧＭ的增殖起剂量依赖性促进作用。     

rhGM—CSF对人骨髓粒单祖细胞集落形成及U937细胞分化的影响

本文应用造血祖细胞体外培养技术研究了重组人粒细胞－巨噬细胞集落刺激因子（ｒｈＧＭ—ＣＳＦ）对正常人骨髓粒单祖细胞集落（ＣＦＵ—ＧＭ）形成的影响,结果表明ｒｈＧＭ—ＣＳＦ在体外能促进细胞集落的形成,此种效应在一定范围内呈剂量依赖关系,与ＬＥＵＣＯＭＡＸ各剂量组相比无显著性差异。采用ＮＢＴ还原试验和ＡＰＡＡＰ法观察了ｒｈＧＭ—ＣＳＦ对Ｕ９３７细胞分化的影响,结果显示ｒｈＧＭ—ＣＳＦ能抑制Ｕ９３７细胞的增殖,促进其分化,部分细胞具有ＮＢＴ还原能力,ＣＤ１１６阳性细胞数增加。     

毛喉萜对小鼠骨髓细胞和腹腔巨噬细胞表面胰岛素受体和GM－CSF受体的下调作用

放射性标记受体分析表明毛喉萜（ＦＳＫ）可以降低小鼠骨央细胞和腹腔巨噬细胞表面的胰岛素（ＩＮＳ）和粒细胞－巨噬细胞集落刺激因子（ＧＭ－ＣＳＦ）受体数目,而且对ＧＭ－ＣＳＦ的作用有剂量和时间依赖性,经ＦＳＫ处理的巨噬细胞酸性磷酸酶活性增加,微丝更加舒展。     

骨髓高增殖潜能集落形成细胞（HPP—CFC）分化产生巨核细胞的研究

本研究用正常和５－ＦＵ处理的小鼠骨髓细胞,作血浆凝块培养,对一种称作ＨＰＰ－ｍＣＦＵ－ＭＫ的ＨＰＰ－ＣＦＣ亚型细胞集落进行体外追踪。发现ＨＰＰ－ｍＣＦＵ－ＭＫ不但能形成符合ＨＰＰ－ＣＦＣ标准的巨大集落,而且能产生大量的巨核细胞。该巨大集落的生长,依赖添加再生障碍性贫血猪血清（ＡＡＳ）或合用三种以上的基因重组造血生长因子而增强,在体外不被ＴＧＦ－β１和ＰＦ４抑制。原代培养１２天所得到的ＨＰＰ－ｍＣＦ     

Effects of garlic oil on tumoragenecity and intercellular communication in human gastric cancer cell line

Previous studies have demonstrated that garlic oil (GO) and its anti-tumor compound could inhibit DNA and RNA synthesis in human cancer cells.In order to explore the effects of garlic oil on carcinoma cells,a gastric carcinoma cell line,BGC-823 was studied at cellular and molecular levels after garlic oil treatment.Data showed that the cell differentiation and suppression of tumorigenicity were significantly induced in tumor cells after garlic oil treatment.There was a correlation between the cell-cell communication recovery and the increase of p53 and waf1/p21 gene expression in garlic oil-treated cells.This result suggested that tumor suppressor gene waf1/p21 and wt p53 might play an important role in this effect.     

Effects of garlic oil on tumoragenecity and intercellular communication in human gastric cancer cell line

Previous studies have demonstrated that garlic oil (GO) and its anti-tumor compound could inhibit DNA and RNA synthesis in human cancer cells. In order to explore the effects of garlic oil on carcinoma cells, a gastric carcinoma cell line, BGC-823 was studied at cellular and molecular levels after garlic oil treatment. Data showed that the cell differentiation and suppression of tumorigenicity were significantly induced in tumor cells after garlic oil treatment. There was a correlation between the cell-cell communication recovery and the increase of p53 and waf1/p21 gene expression in garlic oil-treated cells. This result suggested that tumor suppressor gene waf1/p21 and wt p53 might play an important role in this effect.     

大蒜油不同给药途径对癌细胞周期移行过程的影响

本研究采用流式细胞光度术(FCM)分析癌灶局部及肌注大蒜油(GO)后,S180腹水癌细胞周期移行过程的变化。实验结果表明癌灶局部注射 GO 后,组方图上高倍体 DNA 峰值减少,癌细胞由 G_1期向 S 期运行受阻,S 期细胞显著减少,G_1期与 Go 期细胞积累。肌注 Go 对癌细胞周期影响远不如癌灶局部给药明显。Go 与 G_1期癌细胞积累的原因可能与 GO 对癌细胞周期活动选择性的抑制,或特异性杀伤 S 期或 G_2+M 期癌细胞有关。     

四种植物精油对黑翅土白蚁触杀和驱避作用

为筛选出高效防治黑翅土白蚁的天然植物精油,减少有机合成农药的使用,该文研究了大蒜精油、肉桂油、丁香油和印楝素油四种植物精油对黑翅土白蚁的触杀效果和驱避作用。结果表明:大蒜精油、肉桂油和丁香油的浓度为5和10 mg·m L~(-1)时,处理2 h后,黑翅土白蚁的校正死亡率达100%,而相同浓度的印楝素油和对照处理的黑翅土白蚁校正死亡率低于5%。随着处理时间延长,浓度为1.25和2.5 mg·m L~(-1)的大蒜精油、肉桂油和丁香油处理6 h时,黑翅土白蚁的校正死亡率仍达100%,而此时对应的印楝素油和对照处理的黑翅土白蚁校正死亡率仅为10%,说明大蒜精油、肉桂油和丁香油对黑翅土白蚁具有较强的触杀效果。大蒜精油、丁香油和肉桂油在处理黑翅土白蚁2 h后LC_(50)值(半致死量)分别为1.572、1.05和1.03mg·m L~(-1),说明肉桂油对黑翅土白蚁的毒性相对最大,触杀效果最好。此外,10 mg·m L~(-1)的大蒜精油、肉桂油、丁香油和印楝素油的驱避试验表明,处理4、6、8和12 h后,大蒜精油、肉桂油和丁香油三精油处理区的黑翅土白蚁数均显著低于对照区的,驱避率总体93%,而对应的印楝素油的驱避率总体28.5%,表明大蒜精油、丁香油和肉桂油三种植物精油对黑翅土白蚁均有显著的驱避活性。综上可知,四种植物精油中大蒜精油、肉桂油和丁香油在防治黑翅土白蚁方面应用潜力很好,是开发绿色环保白蚁防治药剂的可选材料。     

Effect of garlic oil extract on glutathione reductase levels in rats fed on high sucrose and alcohol diets: A possible mechanism of the activity of the oil

The effect on glutathione reductase activities of feeding garlic oil to white albino rats maintained on high sucrose and alcohol diets was studied. Whereas high sucrose and alcohol diets resulted in significant increases in the activity of glutathione reductase in liver, kidneys and serum, the presence of garlic oil restored the levels to near normal. It is proposed that the mechanism of this action of garlic oil involves the active principle, diallyl disulphide, which interacts in an exchange reaction with enzymes and substrates such as glutathione reductase and glutathione which contain thiol groups.     

荧光显微镜观察大蒜油对腹水癌细胞的影响

用吖啶橙染色,荧光显微镜观察大蒜油对—S180,昆明小鼠,U14 C57BL/6J小鼠和L1210DBA小鼠的癌细胞作用的影响,结果表明大蒜油有直接破坏癌细胞的DNA,RNA和分裂中期染色体的作用。给药后2—6小时作用最强,12小时后癌细胞数逐渐恢复,因此给药间隔不应超过12小时。我们研究证实大蒜油有明显的抗癌作用,为临床应用提供有力的依据。     

大蒜油诱发小鼠中性粒细胞的抗肿瘤活性

大蒜油诱发的小鼠腹腔中性粒细胞具有活跃的形态学特征,显示出强阳性的过氧化氢酶反应。与酵母聚糖(zymosan A)共同孵育,CeCl_3电镜细胞化学沉淀技术显示,中性粒细胞吞噬zymosan A后呈现强烈的H_2O_2生成反应。大蒜油诱发的大鼠腹腔中性粒细胞与~(51)Cr标记的S180肿瘤细胞共同孵育,它与肿瘤细胞的结合能力以及对肿瘤细胞的杀伤能力都高于糖原诱发的小鼠腹腔中性粒细胞。     

Antifungal effect and mechanism of garlic oil on Penicillium funiculosum

Garlic oil is a kind of fungicide, but little is known about its antifungal effects and mechanism. In this study, the chemical constituents, antifungal activity, and effects of garlic oil were studied with Penicillium funiculosum as a model strain. Results showed that the minimum fungicidal concentrations (MFCs, v/v) were 0.125 and 0.0313 % in agar medium and broth medium, respectively, suggesting that the garlic oil had a strong antifungal activity. The main ingredients of garlic oil were identified as sulfides, mainly including disulfides (36 %), trisulfides (32 %) and monosulfides (29 %) by gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer (GC/MS), which were estimated as the dominant antifungal factors. The observation results by transmission electron microscope (TEM) and scanning electron microscope (SEM) indicated that garlic oil could firstly penetrate into hyphae cells and even their organelles, and then destroy the cellular structure, finally leading to the leakage of both cytoplasm and macromolecules. Further proteomic analysis displayed garlic oil was able to induce a stimulated or weakened expression of some key proteins for physiological metabolism. Therefore, our study proved that garlic oil can work multiple sites of the hyphae of P. funiculosum to cause their death. The high antifungal effects of garlic oil makes it a broad application prospect in antifungal industries.     

大蒜化学成分的气-质联用分析

本文采用环己烷、乙酸乙酯和正丁醇对大蒜（Allium sativum L.）新鲜鳞茎的95%乙醇提取物进行萃取,并与水蒸气蒸馏法提取的挥发油成分进行比较,用GC-MS对其成分进行定性和定量分析.在环己烷萃取物中共检出112个成分,鉴定了38个化合物,占环己烷萃取物总量的80.08%;在乙酸乙酯萃取物中检出86个成分,鉴定了26个化合物,占乙酸乙酯萃取物总量的56.70%;在正丁醇萃取物中未检出挥发性成分.在水蒸气蒸馏法提取的挥发油中共检出109个成分,鉴定了29个化合物,占挥发油总量的83.58%.大蒜95%乙醇提取物的环己烷和乙酸乙酯萃取物及大蒜挥发油中皆以含硫化合物为主.在环己烷和乙酸乙酯萃取物中,阿霍烯的含量分别为生药的0.00395%和0.00145%,大蒜中阿霍烯含量达0.00540%.     

Anticoagulant Modulation of Blood Cells and Platelet Reactivity by Garlic Oil in Experimental Diabetes Mellitus

Multiple blood cell types and metabolic pathways involved in the modulation of platelet reactivity were investigated in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats treated with garlic oil. Platelet counts of diabetic rats treated with garlic oil were significantly (P<0.01) reduced as compared to diabetic control rats. Garlic oil also increased the leucocyte counts of diabetic rats as compared to diabetic control rats. The significant (P<0.001) decreases by garlic oil of plasma concentration factors, V, VII, VIII: C, IX and X in diabetic rats may be interpreted to mean that there was a modulation of factor VII similar to that brought about by thrombin on factors V and VIII: C. This reversal of hypercoagulation through integrated biochemical reaction is suggestive of multicellular modulation of platelet reactivity, erythrocytes and neutrophils and the functional interactions between plasma coagulation factors and platelet cofactors.