上海南汇东滩湿地鸟类资源调查

2008年1～12月采用样点法和样线法对上海南汇东滩湿地鸟类资源进行调查.共记录到鸟类158种,隶属于14目40科.其中旅鸟有63种,占所调查鸟类总物种数的39.87%;冬候鸟58种,占36.71%;夏侯鸟19种,占12.03%;留鸟18种,占11.39%,迁徙鸟类占有绝对优势.繁殖鸟有37种,其中东洋界种类25种,占该区繁殖鸟类种数的67.57%,该区域东洋界区系特色明显.记录到国家Ⅱ级重点保护野生动物12种,上海市重点保护鸟类4种,上海市鸟类新纪录2种.     

陕西延安黄龙山褐马鸡自然保护区鸟类资源调查

通过2006年3月至2007年3月对陕西延安黄龙山褐马鸡自然保护区鸟类资源调查,结合历史文献,确认保护区有鸟类14目32科139种.其中国家Ⅰ级保护鸟类4种,Ⅱ级保护鸟类18种.保护区鸟类以留鸟和夏候鸟为主,有留鸟57种,夏候鸟35种,而冬候鸟、旅鸟分别只有19种和28种.列入CITES的共有22种,IUCN的有4种,中国物种红色名录有7种.鸟类区系组成为:古北界种类有39种,东洋界种类21种,广布种32种.以古北界种类占优势,且兼有丰富的东洋界种类.同时,具蒙新区、青藏区和华北区特点.     

四川九寨沟自然保护区的鸟类资源及区系

2002年4月-2003年6月对四川九寨沟自然保护区的鸟类进行调查,并结合历史文献,确认保护区有鸟类222种,以留鸟和夏候鸟为主,占保护区鸟类总数的86．48％。对保护区繁殖鸟类的区系分析表明：古北界种类占繁殖鸟总数的33．85％,东洋界种类占55．21％,广布种占10．94％,可见东洋界种类占优势。保护区内有国家Ⅰ、Ⅱ级保护动物27种,我国特有种17种,占我国特有种的24．6％。列入CITES名录的有20种。对保护区鸟类的垂直区系分析发现,随海拔高度的增加,东洋界成分所占比例增加,主要是喜马拉雅-横断山区型的比例增加,在海拔3000m以上,喜马拉雅．横断山区型占绝对优势,所占比例超过50％;其它东洋界成分,随海拔高度的增加所占比例减少。     

巢湖湖岸带鸟类多样性的初步研究

2008年2月、7月、11月到2009年7月,采用路线调查和定点观察相结合的方法对巢湖沿岸及湖滨带不同生境的鸟类种类及数量进行了调查。记录到鸟类15目33科103种,其中属于国家Ⅱ级重点保护的鸟类3种,安徽省地方重点保护鸟类33种。季节型中,留鸟33种,夏候鸟37种,冬候鸟27种,旅鸟9种。繁殖鸟类的地理型中,古北界种23种,占33.3%;东洋界种30种,占43.5%;两界广布种16种,占23.2%。水鸟33种,近湖岸500m以内水面游禽有10种。优势种5种,广布性种15种。在湖岸5类生境中,树林、灌丛和抛荒地鸟类多样性指数最高,湖滨及浅滩鸟类多样性指数最低。湖泊污染和盲目开发导致鸟类栖息地破坏和丧失,影响鸟类多样性,因此应加强湖泊污染治理,恢复沿岸滩涂及其植被,维持巢湖丰富的鸟类多样性。     

吉林莫莫格国家级自然保护区的鸟类资源

2003年7月~2006年5月对吉林莫莫格国家级自然保护区的鸟类进行了调查,并结合历史文献,确认保护区有鸟类298种,其中非雀形目鸟类172种,雀形目鸟类126种。该保护区的鸟类以旅鸟和夏候鸟为主,占保护区鸟类总数的84%(旅鸟52%、夏候鸟32%、留鸟11%、冬候鸟5%)。在128种繁殖鸟类中,古北界种类占73.44%,东洋界种类占6.25%,广布种占20.31%,可见古北界种类占优势。在保护区内记录到国家Ⅰ、Ⅱ级重点保护鸟类50种。     

四川海子山自然保护区鸟类资源及区系

2003年10~12月和2004年6~9月,采用样线法和绝对数量法,对四川海子山自然保护区鸟类资源进行了调查,记录到鸟类130种,结合文献共16目48科210种。其中以留鸟和夏候鸟为主,占了总数的82.86%。对繁殖鸟类的区系分析表明:古北界种类占繁殖鸟总数的44.8%,东洋界种类占40.8%,广布种占14.4%,古北界种类稍占优势。保护区内有国家Ⅰ、Ⅱ级保护动物30种,我国特有种11种,占我国特有种的15.9%;列入CITES名录的有20种,IUCN名录的有8种,中国物种红色名录14种。垂直区系分析发现:随海拔高度的增加,古北界、东洋界、广布种的比例并不是呈规律性的增加或减少,而是波浪式的变化;绝大多数分布型的比例也呈波浪式的变化。     

江西井冈山国家级自然保护区鸟类资源调查与分析

2006年9月至2010年4月,对井冈山自然保护区的鸟类物种资源进行了调查和监测.共记录鸟类196种,隶属于15目42科.其中留鸟99种,候鸟(夏候鸟、冬候鸟和旅鸟)97种;古北界种类66种(33.67%),东洋界种类106种(54.08%),广布种24种(12.24%);国家重点保护鸟类31种.分析了该保护区内鸟类资源的组成和区系特征,并提出了相关保护策略.     

四川千佛山自然保护区的鸟类资源

通过2002年10月和2003年5月对保护区鸟类的集中调查,结合历史文献,确认保护区有鸟类13目35科160种.其中国家I级保护鸟类2种,Ⅱ级保护鸟类19种,完全或主要分布于我国的鸟类种类20种.保护区鸟类以留鸟和夏候鸟为主,有留鸟91种,夏候鸟48种,而冬候鸟、旅鸟分别只有13种和8种.鸟类区系组成为：古北界种类有30种,东洋界种类90种,广布种19种,以东洋界种类占优势,同时兼具西南区和华中区的特点.保护区鸟类主要分布在阔叶林和灌丛生境,其次是针阔混交林生境.保护区内鸟类水平分布的情况和垂直分布的情况都差异明显.     

云南省玉龙雪山自然保护区鸟类资源调查

2007年9～11月和2008年4～5月,对云南省丽江玉龙雪山自然保护区的鸟类资源进行了调查,共记录鸟类184种,结合中国科学院昆明动物研究所鸟类标本室收藏的该地区标本和文献记录的种类,保护区内共记录鸟类330种(另13亚种),隶属47科(另4亚科),18目,占云南省所录鸟类种数848种的38.92%,全国鸟类种数1329种的24.83%.其中国家一级保护物种1种,二级保护物种29种.黑眉长尾山雀Aegithalos iouschistos和大嘴乌鸦Corvus macrorhynchos为保护区内的优势种类.保护区记录的鸟类有留鸟230种和亚种,占所录鸟类种和亚种数的67.05%.区系成分以东洋界物种为主,有182种,占繁殖鸟类总种数的66.42%.亚区级区系分析表明保护区的鸟类以西南山地亚区的种类为主.结合该区鸟类生境分布的特点,提出云南松高山松林、针阔混交林和寒温性暗针叶林的保护是保护工作的重点.     

新疆伊犁河湿地及周边夏季鸟类调查初报

2006年6～8月,调查了新疆伊犁河湿地及其周边夏季鸟类,共记录到16目36科96种,种群数量为3110只,水鸟占优势,共57种.其中复候鸟52种、留鸟33种、旅鸟11种;在85种繁殖鸟中,古北界52种、东洋界8种、广布种25种,分别占总种数的61.18%、9.41%、29.41%.有国家I、Ⅱ级保护鸟类13种,新疆特有种或亚种17种.鸟类生态分布显示,下游三道河一伊犁河大桥地段拥有较丰富的鸟类种群.通过调查,提出了一些鸟类保护对策.     

Recent advances in the study of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus replication and pathogenesis

It has now been over twenty years since a novel herpesviral genome was identified in Kaposi's sarcoma biopsies. Since then, the cumulative research effort by molecular biologists, virologists, clinicians, and epidemiologists alike has led to the extensive characterization of this tumor virus, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus(KSHV; also known as human herpesvirus 8(HHV-8)), and its associated diseases. Here we review the current knowledge of KSHV biology and pathogenesis, with a particular emphasis on new and exciting advances in the field of epigenetics. We also discuss the development and practicality of various cell culture and animal model systems to study KSHV replication and pathogenesis.     

The structure, reproduction and taxonomy of Vidalia and Osmundaria (Rhodophyta, Rhodomelaceae)

Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera.     

New or rare chromosome counts in Artemisia L. (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) and related genera from Kazakhstan

Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and Turaniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x = 9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted.     

肝癌中HBV和HCV基因和抗原的分布及意义

采用原位分子杂交方法检测HCV RNA及HBV X基因;采用免疫组织化学方法研究HCV核心抗原,非结构区C33c抗原及HBxAg在肝细胞肝癌中的定位及分布.结果表明(1)HCV RNA、HBV X基因在肝细胞肝癌组织检出率分别为40%(55/136)和82%(112/136).HCV RNA定位于癌细胞的胞浆内,阳性细胞呈散在、灶状及弥漫分布三种形式;HBV X基因在肝癌细胞中的分布呈胞浆型、核型及核浆型,阳性细胞也呈上述三种分布形式;(2)HCV C33c抗原、核心抗原在肝细胞肝癌中的阳性率为81%(133/164)及86%(141/164).C33c抗原定位于癌细胞及肝细胞的胞浆内;核心抗原既定位于癌细胞核中,又可定位于胞浆中.C33c抗原阳性细胞以灶状分布为主;而核心抗原阳性细     

Selection with two alleles and complete dominance

For a plant selection model with frequency-independent viabilities, fertilities and selfing rates, it is shown that apart from global fixation, for certain parameter combinations a protected polymorphism and facultative fixation (either allele may become fixed according to initial frequencies) may both occur. Facultative fixation requires different selling rates for the dominant and recessive type. Protection of the polymorphism requires resource allocation for male and female function. In this connection the problem of purely genetically caused population extinction is discussed.
For general frequency dependence and regular segregation, the chances for establishment of a completely recessive gene are compared to those of a completely dominant gene. It is proven that the process of establishment of the recessive gene, despite a fitness advantage, may be considerably endangered by drift effects if random mating prevails. The recessive gene may reach the same effectivity in establishment as a dominant gene, only if the recessive homozygote mates exclusively with its own type during the period of establishment.