超声提取-分光光度法测定远志总皂苷的含量

目的:超声提取远志总皂苷,并用分光光度计进行总皂苷含量的测定.方法:超声提取远志总皂苷,以远志皂苷元为对照品,香草醛-冰醋酸-高氯酸为显色剂,采用分光光度法在585 nm处测定远志总皂甙含量.结果:对照品在28～63 μg范围内线性良好(r2=0.9984),平均回收率为100.45%,RSD=1.59%(n=5).超声提取和热回流提取的远志总皂苷含量分别为1.63%,1.50%.结论:超声提取法用时短,提取率高,能达到比传统回流法更理想的效果.分光光度法测定含量简便、快速、准确、可靠.     

测定芦荟素和芦荟大黄素的硼砂光度法

利用硼砂与芦荟中两种主要有效成分的不同作用将可见分光光度法和荧光分光光度法结合提出了测定芦荟素和芦荟大黄素含量的新方法.芦荟素的测定下限为0.00004g/L;芦荟大黄素的测定下限为0.0005g/L.此方法重复性好,样品分析结果相对标准偏差小于7%,加标回收率92～110%.     

玉米基因组DNA提取及浓度测定方法评价

以非转基因玉米种子为材料,比较了常用的3种植物基因组DNA提取试剂盒及改良的CTAB法,通过琼脂糖凝胶电泳、紫外分光光度及实时荧光PCR扩增检测,对提取得到的基因组DNA的纯度、得率及4种提取方法的重复性、提取时间进行分析;比较紫外分光光度法、Qubit荧光法、Pico Green荧光分光光度法,以实时荧光定量PCR检测结果为参照,对3种DNA浓度测定方法的准确性进行分析.结果显示,磁珠法(Promega)最适合应用于快速、简便、高效检测中的植物基因组DNA提取,能有效获得纯度高、完整性好的基因组DNA,并且磁珠法提取效率高,重复性好,提取时间短;在基因组DNA浓度测定中,紫外分光光度法、Qubit荧光法、Pico Green荧光分光光度法的相对误差分别为99.8％、49.8％和28.9％,表明Pico Green荧光分光光度法测定DNA浓度的准确度最高.     

静脉注射人免疫球蛋白中IgG含量的测定方法的比较

目的:对IgG的检测方法———紫外分光光度法和免疫单扩散方法进行比较。方法:采用紫外分光光度法和免疫单扩散法对样品进行IgG含量测定,然后对结果进行分析。结果:两种方法测定的结果差异无显著性(P>0.05)。紫外分光法操作更方便、快捷,准确。     

角蛋白水解液中L-胱氨酸含量测定方法的比较研究

比较研究了用碘量法和分光光度法测定角蛋白水解液中Ｌ－胱氨酸含量的适用性。结果表明,磺量法不适用于水解液中Ｌ－胱氨酸含量的测定。分光光度法不仅适用于水解液中Ｌ－胱氨酸含量的测定,同时也适用于产品Ｌ－胱氨酸含量的测定,测定结果准确可靠,相对误差为０．２９％～０．８４％。     

桐柏野大豆种子粗蛋白质测定及方法探讨

野大豆因其高蛋白、低油脂含量等特点,越来越引起人们的关注。为了快速精确测定野大豆粗蛋白质含量,采用半微量凯氏法和消化—分光光度法对采自桐柏的8个野大豆样品进行蛋白质含量的测定,并分析比较两种测定方法。试验结果显示,采用消化—分光光度法测定的野大豆的蛋白质含量与经典的半微量凯氏法测定结果一致。半微量凯氏法适用范围广,测定结果精确,而消化—分光光度法相对于半微量凯氏法简化了试验操作,缩短了分析时间,又没有特殊的仪器设备和试剂要求,更便于普及应用。     

天山瓦韦总黄酮成分的含量测定

目的:对天山瓦韦总黄酮成分进行含量测定。方法:以芦丁为标样,用分光光度法测定不同溶剂和不同时间条件下的总黄酮含量。结果:天山瓦韦中黄酮类化合物提取的最佳条件为:75%的乙醇,抽提3.5h,总黄酮含量为3.20%。     

经典名方温胆汤物质基准总黄酮、柚皮苷和新橙皮苷含量测定

目的：研究并建立紫外分光光度法（UV）和高效液相色谱法（HPLC）分别测定温胆汤物质基准中总黄酮、柚皮苷和新橙皮苷含量。方法：以柚皮苷为对照品，采用紫外-可见分光光度法测定总黄酮的含量并采用HPLC法测定柚皮苷和新橙皮苷的含量。结果：采用直接测定法测定总黄酮类成分在284 nm处有较强吸收，柚皮苷在20.22～80.88μg/mL范围内与吸光度呈良好的线性关系，平均加样回收率为98.33%。柚皮苷和新橙皮苷分别在0.01～0.51 mg/mL和0.01～0.50 mg/mL范围内有良好的线性关系，精密度、稳定性、重复性的RSD均小于5.0%，加样回收率分别为97.11%和102.72%；温胆汤物质基准中总黄酮的平均含量为15.03%，柚皮苷、新橙皮苷的平均含量分别为22.78 mg/g和9.75 mg/g。结论：建立的温胆汤物质基准总黄酮、柚皮苷和新橙皮苷含量测定方法简单、稳定、重复性好，为温胆汤及其相关制剂进一步研究和开发提供实验基础。     

一种测定蛹虫草中虫草酸含量的酶标仪微量反应方法

研究和建立一种基于酶标仪-96孔板高通量测定虫草酸含量的检测方法,并对该方法进行性能评价。以酶标仪为检测仪器,在96孔板内按照设定反应条件微量加入样品和试剂进行显色反应,利用酶标仪测定吸光度值并计算虫草酸含量。通过检测精密度、重复性、回收率,并与分光光度计法进行比较,综合评价该方法的准确度、精确度。结果表明,测定数据具有较高的精密度(样品CM1的RSD值0.829%;样品CM2的RSD值1.772%)、重复性(标准样品B40的RSD值2.061%;样品CM2的RSD值1.599%)、回收率(平均回收率99.24%,RSD值3.666%),测定结果与分光光度法检测结果无显著差异(P>0.05)。结果表明,酶标仪微量法测定准确、重复性好,并可大大减少样品和试剂的用量,该方法方便、快捷、高效,可以替代分光光度法用于虫草酸含量的测定。     

变色酸-分光光度法测定丝氨酸含量

建立了变色酸-分光光度法测定丝氨酸含量的方法。丝氨酸在一定的pH条件下经高碘酸钠氧化后能与变色酸发生发应,产物在570 nm处有最大吸光值,且吸光值与丝氨酸的含量呈一次线性关系。结果表明,丝氨酸在0-1.0 g.L-1范围内呈良好的线性关系(r=0.9973),平均加样回收率为100.30%,RSD为1.11%。将测量结果与高效液相测量结果做比较,两种方法的相符率达到99%至101%。变色酸-分光光度法操作简便,结果准确。     

Molecularly imprinted microspheres as SPE sorbent for selective extraction of four Sudan dyes in catsup products

A highly selective molecularly imprinted solid-phase extraction (MISPE) coupled with high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) ultraviolet-visible detection was developed for the simultaneous isolation and determination of four Sudan dyes (I, II, III and IV) in catsup products. The novel molecularly imprinted microspheres (MIM) were synthesized by aqueous suspension polymerization using phenylamine and naphthol as template, which showed high affinity to Sudan dyes in aqueous solution. In order to develop a selective extraction protocol for simultaneous determination the four Sudan dyes from catsup products, the molecular recognition properties of MIM as a SPE sorbent were evaluated. Under the optimized condition, good linearity was obtained from 0.01 to 2.5 μg g(-1) (r(2)≥ 0.9990) with the relative standard deviations of less than 3.4%. This proposed MISPE-HPLC procedure eliminated the effect of template leakage on quantitative analysis and could be applied to direct determination of four Sudan dyes in complicated food samples.     

中药及中药制剂中微量元素铜、铬的含量测定

应用火焰原子吸收光度法(FAAS)对苦参、黄柏及黄柏胶囊中微量元素铜、铬的含量进行了测定,并对FAAS若干条件进行了优化选择。结果表明,该法的平均回收率在95.2%～104.8%之间,相对标准偏差在1.76%以下,结果可靠,方法简便,可用于实际样品的测定。     

A novel derivative of the prosthetic group heme d1: S-methylporphyrindione d1.

Several derivatives of heme d1 have been characterized by ultraviolet-visible, NMR, and mass spectrometry. Most arise from side reactions during the isolation of d1 from the enzyme. One, however, has now been shown to correspond to the replacement of a meso proton by an S-methyl group. Since the porphyrin is not exposed to S-methyl-containing reagents during its isolation, this raises hypotheses that it has its origin in vivo.     

大鲵皮肤色素提取工艺及抗氧化研究

为优化大鲵皮肤黑色素的提取工艺条件,探讨大鲵皮肤黑色素组成成分及体外抗氧化活性,采用酶法和碱溶酸沉法提取大鲵皮肤黑色素,以氢氧化钠浓度、液料比、提取温度为影响色素提取率因素,优化黑色素提取工艺条件,用紫外-可见光谱仪、红外光谱仪和超高效液相质谱仪测定黑色素的光谱特性,测定其抗氧化性。结果表明:大鲵皮肤黑色素最佳提取工艺条件为氢氧化钠浓度1.5 mol/L、液料比1∶15、提取温度45℃,黑色素提取率达0.65%。大鲵皮肤黑色素的紫外最大吸收波长为214 nm,由真黑色素和脱黑色素两种色素组成,其对超氧阴离子自由基的清除率为30.51%,对羟基自由基的清除率为54.17%。大鲵皮肤黑色素具有一定的体外抗氧化能力。     

Validation and implementation of a method for determination of bryostatin 1 in human plasma by using liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry

A new sensitive and specific method using liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry for determination of bryostatin 1 was developed and validated. Sample pretreatment involved a double liquid-liquid extraction step with a mixture of acetonitrile/n-butyl chloride (1/4, v/v). Separation of the compound of interest, including the internal standard paclitaxel, was achieved on a Waters X-Terra C18 (50 x 2.1 mm i.d., 3.5 microm) analytical column with acetonitrile/water mobile phase (80:20, v/v) containing 0.1% formic acid using isocratic flow at 0.15 mL/min for 13 min. The analytes of interest were monitored by tandem mass spectrometry with electrospray positive ionization. The linear calibration curves were generated over the range of 50-2000 pg/mL with values for the coefficient of determination of >0.99. The values for both within-day and between-day precision and accuracy were <15%. This method was used to characterize the plasma pharmacokinetics of bryostatin 1 at doses of 20 microg/m2) to optimize treatment with this agent.     

Isolation of a New Xanthylium-Related Pigment from Adzuki Beans Vigna angularis

A new type of flavonoid was isolated from an adzuki bean-water extract by various chromatographic techniques. The chemical structure was determined by ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy, mass spectrometry (MS), and various nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) experiments, and it was found to be unique in that the xanthylium skeleton was present in this molecule.     

Development of a packed-column supercritical fluid chromatography/atmospheric pressure chemical-ionisation mass spectrometric technique for the analysis of atropine

A packed-column supercritical fluid chromatography/atmospheric pressure chemical-ionisation mass spectrometry (pSFC-APCI/MS) method has been developed for the determination of atropine from Atropa belladonna L extracts. The technique does not require any kind of derivatisation prior to the analysis. The optimum conditions were studied by using the pure substance in methanol (MeOH). All samples were simply dissolved in MeOH and injected into the mobile phase. Detection was achieved by using mass spectrometry (MS) with atmospheric pressure chemical ionisation (APCI). Terbutaline was used as an internal standard for the determination of the analytical reproducibility. The supercritical carbon dioxide (scCO(2)) mobile phase was modified by 15% MeOH containing 0.5% trifluoroacetic acid (TFAA) and 0.5% diethylamine (DEA) additives. Concentrations of atropine were determined with a relative standard deviation of less than 1% by the pSFC-APCI/MS procedure for a sample containing atropine and terbutaline. The correlation coefficient was 0.997 and detection limit 700 pg. The absolute retention time was 9.87 min with a standard deviation of 5.2x10(-3) min and a relative standard deviation of 0.61% with respect to terbutaline.     

Nitrogen-doped carbon dots as a fluorescent probe for the highly sensitive detection of bilirubin and cell imaging

Nitrogen-doped carbon dots (NCDs) with bright blue fluorescence were constructed by a hydrothermal method using sucrose and l- proline as raw materials. The NCDs were characterized by transmitted electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, Fourier-transform infrared spectrometry, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and ultraviolet-visible absorption and fluorescence spectroscopy to investigate the morphology, elemental composition, and optical properties. The NCDs had good water solubility, high dispersibility with an average diameter of only 1.7 nm, and satisfactory optical properties with a fluorescence quantum yield of 23.4%. The NCDs were employed for the detection of bilirubin. A good linear response of the NCDs in the range 0.35–9.78 μM was obtained for bilirubin with a detection limit of 33 nM. The NCDs were also applied to the analysis of real samples, serum and urine, with a recovery of 95.34% to 104.66%. The low cytotoxicity and good biocompatibility of the NCDs were indicated by an MTT assay and cell imaging of HeLa cells. Compared with other detection systems, using NCDs for bilirubin detection was a facile and efficient method with good selectivity and sensitivity.     

Determination of neonicotinoid insecticides residues in bovine tissues by pressurized solvent extraction and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry

A rapid, sensitive, and environmental-friendly method has been developed for the simultaneous determination of seven neonicotinoid insecticides residues in bovine muscle and liver. The sample preparation procedure was based on a high automated pressurized solvent extraction (PSE) combined with solid-phase extraction (SPE) clean-up. The target compounds were identified and quantitatively determined by liquid chromatography coupled with electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS/MS) operated in multiple reaction monitoring mode. Average recoveries of the seven analytes from fortified samples ranged between 83.2% and 101.9%, with relative standard deviations (RSDs) lower than 10.8%. The limits of detection (LODs) and quantification (LOQs) for neonicotinoids were in the ranges of 0.8-1.5 μgkg?1 and 2.5-5.0 μgkg?1, respectively. This validated method was successively applied to the determination of neonicotinoid insecticides in real samples from markets.     

Simultaneous determination of ketobemidone and its N-demethylated metabolite in patient plasma samples by gas chromatography mass spectrometry with selected ion monitoring

An analytical procedure has been developed for the simultaneous determination of ketobemidone and its N-demethylated metabolite, norketobemidone. After isolation from plasma and re-extraction to acidic aqueous phase, the two aminophenols were extracted as ions pairs with tetrabutylammonium to dichloromethane, where derivatization with ethyl chloroformate took place. Determination was performed by gas chromatography mass spectrometry with selected ion monitoring. Ketobemidone and norketobemidone could be detected in plasma in a concentration of 1 ng ml-1 and 3 ng ml-1, respectively. Determinations were performed down to 5 ng ml-1. The relative standard deviation of the method in the analysis of 10 ng ml-1 of ketobemidone and norketobemidone, respectively, was 8% and 9% (n=10). The absolute recovery of unconjugated ketobemidone and norketobemidone through the method at the 100 ng ml-1 level was 91% and 85%, respectively. The method was applied to the determination of ketobemidone and norketobemidone in plasma from patients given ketobemidone. The concentrations of unconjugated norketobemidone was too small to be detected.