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1.
doi: 10.1111/j.1741‐2358.2012.00625.x Comparison of mandibular bone mineral density in osteoporotic, osteopenic and normal elderly edentulous subjects measured by the dual‐energy X‐ray absorptiometry technique Objective: The aim of this study was to compare the mandibular body bone mineral density according to bone mineral density status of spine and femur measured by dual‐energy X‐ray absorptiometry (DXA) technique in elderly edentulous individuals. Background: One of the factors that affect the survival rate of implants is bone mineral density (BMD) of the jaws. Materials and methods: Fifty edentulous elderly patients’ (27 women and 23 men) spine, femur and the mandibular body BMDs were measured using DXA technique. BMD scans of the AP lumbar spine (L2–L3) and femur were classified using World Health Organisation criteria for bone mass. Results: There was a statistically significant difference between the normal femur group’s–osteoporosis group’s mandibular body BMD (p = 0.001) and femoral osteopaenia group’s–osteoporosis group’s mandibular body BMD (p < 0.001). The femoral osteoporosis group’s mandibular body BMDs were lower than those of both the normal femoral and the femoral osteopaenia group subjects’. Conclusion: Classification of edentulous mandibles according to low and high bone mineral densities is a problem in implant dentistry. The results of this study demonstrated that femoral bone mineral density status may be used to provide preliminary information about the bone mineral density of the mandibular body region in elderly edentulous subjects. 相似文献
2.
系统评价益生菌补充剂对绝经后骨质疏松症(PMOP)或骨量减少的有效性及安全性。
选取8个公共数据库,检索自建库至2022年9月,无语言限制,使用随机对照方法,评估补充益生菌补充剂对腰椎、股骨颈、总髋关节骨密度(BMD)、T值(T-value)、胶原降解产物(CTX)、I型前胶原氨基端前肽(PINP)、骨碱性磷酸酶(BALP)、骨钙素(BGP)水平和不良反应率的影响。
纳入了8篇RCT文献,647名参与者,治疗组有325名,对照组322名。结果显示益生菌组在提高PMOP和绝经后骨量减少患者的腰椎BMD、股骨颈BMD、T值、BGP和降低绝经后妇女CTX、BALP等方面显著优于对照组(
益生菌干预PMOP和骨量减少患者后显著提高骨密度及降低骨代谢,对PMOP患者的作用更显著。
3.
《Endocrine practice》2021,27(9):934-940
ObjectiveThis retrospective observational study assessed the long-term impact of pulsatile gonadotropin-releasing hormone, combined gonadotropin, or testosterone replacement therapy on total hip, femoral, and lumbar bone mineral density (BMD) and Z-scores in adult men with idiopathic hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (IHH).MethodsIn the cross-sectional study, 69 patients were allocated to untreated (n = 42) and treated (n = 27) groups. The untreated group included IHH patients without hormone therapy history, while the treated group included age- and body mass index-matched patients who had received hormone therapy for at least 5 years. The longitudinal study included 53 IHH patients, and their hip and lumbar BMDs were measured several times during hormone therapy. We then evaluated the changes in their BMD.ResultsOur cross-sectional study showed that the treated group had a significantly higher BMD and Z-score for total hip, femoral neck, and lumbar spine (P < 0.001 for all) than the untreated group, and the average bone mass even reached the age-matched normal range. The prevalence of low BMD was 80.95% and 11.11% in untreated and treated groups, respectively. In the longitudinal study (N = 53), the total hip, femoral neck, and lumbar spine BMD gradually increased during treatment. The lumbar spine showed a greater increment in BMD compared with the total hip and femoral neck (P < 0.05).ConclusionSex hormone therapy improved hip and lumbar spine BMD and Z-scores in patients with IHH. The lumbar spine showed a greater improvement in BMD compared with the total hip and femoral neck. 相似文献
4.
The objective of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic value of bone density changes in lumbar vertebrae and femoral necks in patients with primary osteoporosis (OP) at various ages. Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) scans were performed on patients who had their primary visits between March 2008 and February 2009. The bone mineral density (BMD) of the lumbar vertebrae 1-4 (L1-L4) in anteroposterior projection and the proximal femoral neck in lateral projection were measured. If the BMD values (T score) of any site is -2.5 or less (T ≤?-2.5), the patients were diagnosed as primary OP, and the T scores were statistically analyzed. The 81 patients who had lumbar vertebrae with a T ≤?-2.5 led to a positive rate of 80.1?% in the diagnosis of primary OP; the 47 patients who had femoral neck with a T ≤?-2.5 gave a positive rate of 47.0?%. The patients with type I or type II primary OP were divided into two age groups of ≤70 and ≥71?years old. The comparison of lumbar spine T score values did not show significant statistical difference (P?>?0.05) between the age groups, while the result of the femoral necks revealed significant difference between the two groups (P?0.001). In diagnosis of primary OP, anteroposterior lumbar spine offers a significantly higher detection rate than that of the femoral neck, but to the patients older than 70, the measurement of femoral neck may generate higher detection rate. It is more sensitive to measure lumbar trabecular bone, especially to the patients in early postmenopausal period. BMD in elderly patients may falsely increase with age, attention should be paid to the determination of the hip bone mass. 相似文献
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6.
Parm AL Saar M Pärna K Jürimäe J Maasalu K Neissaar I Jürimäe T 《Collegium antropologicum》2011,35(3):739-745
The aim of the study was to investigate the relationships between specific anthropometric (9 skinfolds, 13 girths, 8 lengths and 8 breadths), body composition (body fat %, fat free mass [FFM], fat mass [FM]) parameters and bone mineral parameters (bone mineral density [BMD], bone mineral content [BMC) in young rhythmic gymnasts and same age controls. Eighty nine 7-8-year-old girls participated in this study and were divided to the rhythmic gymnast's (n = 46) and control (n = 43) groups. Body composition was determined by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (FFM, FM, body fat %, BMD and BMC). Body fat % and FM were lower and BMD and BMC values at lumbar spine (L2-L4) and femoral neck were higher in rhythmic gymnasts compared with controls. All measured skinfold thicknesses were thicker in controls. In girths, lengths and widths there were only few significant differences between the groups. Stepwise multiple regression analysis indicated that skinfold thicknesses (supraspinale and medial calf) influenced L2-L4 BMD only in controls 38.2% (R2x100). Supraspinale and iliac crest skinfold thicknesses characterised L2-L4 BMC 43.9% (R2x100). Calf girths influenced BMD in L2-L4 52.3% (R2x100) in controls. BMC in L2-L4 was dependent only on mid-thigh girths 35.9% (R2x100). BMD in L2-L4 was dependent on tibiale-laterale height 30.0% (R2x100). Biiliocristal breadths together with sitting height characterised BMC in L2-L4 BMD 62.3% (R2x100). In conclusion, we found that the relationships between anthropometry, body composition and bone parameters in young rhythmic gymnasts are weak. In control group first of all lower body anthropometric parameters significantly correlated with BMD and BMC in spine. 相似文献
7.
Chilibeck PD Davison KS Whiting SJ Suzuki Y Janzen CL Peloso P 《Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology》2002,80(10):941-950
The combined and separate effects of exercise training and bisphosphonate (etidronate) therapy on bone mineral in postmenopausal women were compared. Forty-eight postmenopausal women were randomly assigned (double blind) to groups that took intermittent cyclical etidronate; performed strength training (3 d/week) and received matched placebo; combined strength training with etidronate; or took placebo and served as nonexercising controls. Bone mineral, lean tissue, and fat mass were assessed by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry before and after 12 months of intervention. After removal of outlier results, changes in bone mineral density (BMD) of the lumbar spine and bone mineral content (BMC) of the whole body were greater in the subjects given etidronate (+2.5 and +1.4%, respectively) compared with placebo (-0.32 and 0%, respectively) (p < 0.05), while exercise had no effect. There was no effect of etidronate or exercise on the proximal femur and there was no interaction between exercise and etidronate at any bone site. Exercise training resulted in significantly greater increases in muscular strength and lean tissue mass and greater loss of fat mass compared with controls. We conclude that etidronate significantly increases lumbar spine BMD and whole-body BMC and that strength training has no additional effect. Strength training favourably affects body composition and muscular strength, which may be important for prevention of falls. 相似文献
8.
Addolorata Corrado Ripalta Colia Angiola Mele Valeria Di Bello Antonello Trotta Anna Neve Francesco Paolo Cantatore 《PloS one》2015,10(9)
A reduced bone mineral density (BMD) is observed in several rheumatic autoimmune diseases, including Systemic Sclerosis (SSc); nevertheless, data concerning the possible determinants of bone loss in this disease are not fully investigated. The aim of this study is to evaluate the relationship between BMD, body mass composition, skin sclerosis and serum Vitamin D levels in two subsets of SSc patients. 64 post-menopausal SSc patients, classified as limited cutaneous (lcSSc) or diffuse cutaneous (dcSSc) SSc, were studied. As control, 35 healthy post-menopausal women were recruited. Clinical parameters were evaluated, including the extent of skin involvement. BMD at lumbar spine, hip, femoral neck and body mass composition were determined by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Serum calcium, phosphorus, alkaline phosphatase, urine pyridinium cross-links, intact parathyroid hormone and 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) were measured. BMD at spine, femoral neck and total hip was significantly lower in SSc patients compared to controls. In dcSSc subset, BMD at spine, femoral neck and total hip was significantly lower compared to lcSSc. No differences in both fat and lean mass were found in the three study groups even if patients with dcSSc showed a slightly lower total body mass compared to healthy controls. Total mineral content was significantly reduced in dSSc compared to both healthy subjects and lcSSc group. Hypovitaminosis D was observed both in healthy post-menopausal women and in SSc patients, but 25OHD levels were significantly lower in dcSSc compared to lcSSc and inversely correlated with the extent of skin thickness. These results support the hypothesis that the extent of skin involvement in SSc patients could be an important factor in determining low circulating levels of 25OHD, which in turn could play a significant role in the reduction of BMD and total mineral content. 相似文献
9.
Kemmler W Engelke K von Stengel S Weineck J Lauber D Kalender WA 《Journal of strength and conditioning research / National Strength & Conditioning Association》2007,21(1):232-239
The purpose of the study was to determine the effect of long-term exercise on coronary heart disease, osteoporotic risk factors, and physical fitness parameters in postmenopausal women. Forty early postmenopausal women (age 55.1 +/- 3.3 years) with no medication or illness affecting bone metabolism exercised (high impact aerobic, multilateral jumps, multi-set resistance exercise) for 50 months (EG), while 28 women (age 55.5 +/- 3.0 years) served as a nontraining control (CG). Both groups were supplemented with calcium and cholecalciferol. Bone mineral density (BMD) was measured at the lumbar spine, hip, and forearm by dual energy x-ray absorptiometry. Blood lipids were determined using serum samples, and body composition was determined using the bioimpedance technique. Further, maximum isometric strength was determined (Schnell M3, Schnell Trainer). The BMD at the lumbar spine (+1.0%, p = 0.037) and the total hip (-0.3%, p = 0.194) were maintained in the EG, while significant (p < 0.001) decreases were observed in the CG (lumbar spine -3.2; total hip -2.3%). Differences between both groups were significant (p < 0.001). Significant differences between EG and CG were also observed, respectively, for total cholesterol (-6.1 vs. +3.5%, p = 0.008), HDL-cholesterol (+14.1 vs. -7.1%, p = 0.007), triglycerides (-10.2 vs. +27.5%, p = 0.002), body fat (-3.3 vs. +1.3%, p = 0.041), and waist-hip-ratio (-3.5 vs. +0.2%, p > 0.001). Maximum isometric strength significantly (p < 0.001) increased in the EG, while strength parameters decreased in the CG (-0.5 to -6.4%). Thus, the study demonstrated that multipurpose high-intensity exercise programs significantly affect relevant menopausal risk factors and, therefore, may be individually considered as an alternative to hormone replacement therapy. 相似文献
10.
《Endocrine practice》2008,14(6):704-712
ObjectiveTo determine the prevalence and correlates of low bone mineral density (BMD) in ambulatory outpatients with end-stage heart failure who were awaiting cardiac transplantation.MethodsFifty-five cardiac transplant candidates with end-stage heart failure were enrolled in this study. Bone mineral density at the lumbar spine and proximal femur was determined by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry. Laboratory studies included serum alkaline phosphatase, calcium, intact parathyroid hormone, and 25-hydroxyvitamin D.ResultsThe mean proximal femur and lumbar spine Z scores were 0.3 ± 1.1 and 0.3 ± 1.5, respectively. The mean BMD was not lower than that of the age- and sex- matched reference population. Z scores were less than -1 in 23% at the lumbar spine and 15% at the proximal femoral neck. On the basis of T scores, osteopenia (T scores between -1 and -2.5) was present in 24% (confidence interval, 13% to 35%) of patients at the lumbar spine and in 20% (confidence interval, 10% to 30%) at the proximal femur; osteoporosis (T scores of less than -2.5) was present in 4% of the study population. Half of the patients in this study sample had elevated intact parathyroid hormone levels, and a third of the patients had low 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels.ConclusionLumbar spine and hip BMD measurements were not significantly low relative to age and sex in ambulatory patients with heart failure awaiting cardiac transplantation. (Endocr Pract. 2008;14:704-712) 相似文献
11.
Association of the 163A/G and 1181G/C osteoprotegerin polymorphism with bone mineral density. 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
M T García-Unzueta J A Riancho M T Zarrabeitia C Sa?udo A Berja C Valero C Pesquera B Paule J González-Macías J A Amado 《Hormones et métabolisme》2008,40(3):219-224
The aim of the study was to investigate the distribution of 163 A/G osteoprotegerin gene promoter and 1181 G/C osteoprotegerin exon 1 polymorphisms in a group of women with different hormonal status and to analyze their relationship with BMD. Osteoprotegerin polymorphisms and BMD were analyzed in 332 women (69 premenopausal and 263 postmenopausal). BMD was quantified at the lumbar spine (L 2-4), femoral neck, and total hip. Genotyping for the presence of different polymorphisms was performed using the Custom Taqman ((R)) SNP Genotyping assays. There were not significant differences in BMD according to 163 A/G genotype. However, significant differences in lumbar spine BMD were found according to 1181 G/C alleles. Thus, women with CC genotype had significant higher BMD at the lumbar spine than those with GC or GG genotype. No differences were found in femoral neck and total hip BMD. In age-adjusted models, the 1181 G/C OPG polymorphism explained 2.2% of BMD variance at the spine, 0.3% at the femoral neck, and 0.9% at the total hip in the whole group. In the subgroup of premenopausal women, the polymorphism was strongly related to spine BMD, and explained 11.5% of the variance, whereas body weight explained 7.9%. The 1181 G/C polymorphism was associated with lumbar spine BMD in Spanish women. Premenopausal women with the CC genotype had a higher BMD. 相似文献
12.
Purpose
To describe bone status and analyse bone mass in adolescent cyclists.Methods
Male road cyclists (n = 22) who had been training for a minimum of 2 years and a maximum of 7 years with a volume of 10 h/w, were compared to age-matched controls (n = 22) involved in recreational sports activities. Subjects were divided in 2 groups based on age: adolescents under 17 yrs (cyclists, n = 11; controls, n = 13) and over 17 yrs (cyclists, n = 11; controls, n = 9). Peak oxygen uptake (VO2max) was measured on a cycloergometer. Whole body, lumbar spine, and hip bone mineral content (BMC), density (BMD) and bone area were assessed using dual x-ray absorptiometry (DXA). Volumetric BMD (vBMD) and bone mineral apparent density (BMAD) were also estimated.Results
The BMC of cyclists was lower for the whole body, pelvis, femoral neck and legs; BMD for the pelvis, hip, legs and whole body and legs bone area was lower but higher in the hip area (all, P≤0.05) after adjusting by lean mass and height. The BMC of young cyclists was 10% lower in the leg and 8% higher in the hip area than young controls (P≤0.05). The BMC of cyclists over 17 yrs was 26.5%, 15.8% and 14.4% lower BMC at the pelvis, femoral neck and legs respectively while the BMD was 8.9% to 24.5% lower for the whole body, pelvis, total hip, trochanter, intertrochanter, femoral neck and legs and 17.1% lower the vBMD at the femoral neck (all P≤0.05). Grouped by age interaction was found in both pelvis and hip BMC and BMD and in femoral neck vBMD (all P≤0.05).Conclusion
Cycling performed throughout adolescence may negatively affect bone health, then compromising the acquisition of peak bone mass. 相似文献13.
Daniel L. Koller Imranul Alam Qiwei Sun Lixiang Liu Tonya Fishburn Lucinda G. Carr Michael J. Econs Tatiana Foroud Charles H. Turner 《Mammalian genome》2005,16(8):578-586
In humans, peak bone mineral density (BMD) is the primary determinant of osteoporotic fracture risk among older individuals,
with high peak BMD levels providing protection against osteoporosis in the almost certain event of bone loss later in life.
A genome screen to identify quantitative trait loci (QTLs) contributing to areal BMD (aBMD) and volumetric BMD (vBMD) measurements
at the lumbar spine and femoral neck was completed in 595 female F2 rats produced from reciprocal crosses of inbred Fischer 344 and Lewis rats. Significant evidence of linkage was detected
to rat Chromosomes 1, 2, 8, and 10, with LOD scores above 8.0. The region on rat Chromosome 8 is syntenic to human Chromosome
15, where linkage to spine and femur BMD has been previously reported and confirmed in a sample of premenopausal women. 相似文献
14.
Ignaszak-Szczepaniak M Horst-Sikorska W Dytfeld J Gowin E Słomski R Stajgis M 《Acta biochimica Polonica》2011,58(1):101-109
Graves' (GD) hyperthyroidism leads to reduced bone mineral density (BMD) accompanied by accelerated bone turnover. Ample studies have identified association between estrogen receptor (ESR1) gene polymorphism and decreased BMD and osteoporosis. In contrast, number of publications that link ESR1, BMD and Graves' disease is limited. The purpose of this study was to identify the association between ESR1 polymorphisms and BMD in premenopausal women with GD and to determine whether ESR1 polymorphic variants can predispose to GD. The study included 75 women aged 23-46 years with GD and 163 healthy controls. BMD was measured at lumbar spine and femoral neck. We investigated two SNPs in the ESR1 gene and analyzed genetic variants in the form of haplotypes reconstructed by statistical method. Three out of four possible haplotypes of the PvuII and XbaI restriction fragment length polymorphisms were found in GD patients: px (55.3 %), PX (33.3 %) and Px (11.4 %). Women homozygous for xx of XbaI and for pp of PvuII had the lowest BMD at lumbar spine. Moreover, the px haplotype predisposed to reduced lumbar BMD. No associations were observed for femoral neck BMD. No statistically significant relationship were found between ESR1 polymorphisms or their haplotypes and GD. These results indicate that the PvuII and the XbaI polymorphisms of ESR1 gene are associated with bone mineral density in premenopausal women with GD and may help to estimate the risk of bone loss particularly at lumbar spine. However, none of the ESR1 gene alleles predict the risk of GD in Polish female patients. 相似文献
15.
The aim of the present investigation was to study the influence of plasma insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) and leptin levels on bone mineral mass (BMC) and bone mineral density (BMD) in premenopausal women and the relationship between IGF-1 and leptin levels. Two hundred and four healthy women participated in this study. All participants had a body mass index (BMI) <30 kg/m(2) and were matched for their level of mean daily energy expenditure. BMC and BMD were correlated with measured body composition and blood biochemical parameters. No association was observed between BMC and BMD values with measured physical performance characteristics. Leptin had a significant association with BMC (beta = 0.840; P = 0.0001), total BMD (beta = 0.833; P = 0.0001), femoral neck BMD (beta = 0.829; P = 0.0001), and lumbar spine BMD (beta = 0.833; P = 0.0001). However, these associations were no longer independent when adjusted for body fat mass (FM) and trunk fat:leg fat ratio (P > 0.385). IGF-1 was significantly related to BMC (beta = 0.920; P = 0.0001), total BMD (beta = 0.918; P = 0.0001), femoral neck BMD (beta = 0.921; P = 0.0001), and lumbar spine BMD (beta = 0.917; P = 0.0001), but did not remain significant when adjusted for fat free mass (FFM; P > 0.062). In addition, a significant association between IGF-1 and leptin was found (beta = 0.801; P = 0.0001), and it remained significant after controlling for age, FM, FFM, insulin, and fasting insulin resistance index (FIRI), but not when adjusted for BMC and body mass values. In conclusion, it appears that fasting IGF-1 and leptin concentrations have no direct effect on BMC and BMD values. In addition, if there is an important relationship between IGF-1 and leptin, it is mediated or confounded by BMC in premenopausal women. 相似文献
16.
Bone mineral density (BMD) in the femoral neck and lumbar spine was measured for 355 postmenopausal 48- to 56-year-old women and the BMD in five different regions in the mandible for 77. All 355 women were also classified according to the size of the masseter muscle. Both skeletal measures and the BMD of the buccal cortex distally from the foramen mentale were compared with the size of the masseter muscle. This study indicates that functional stress, caused by the masseter muscle, is involved in maintaining bone mineral density in edentulous regions of the mandible. Those individuals who are physically active or are bruxists may lose less mineral, after extractions of teeth, from those regions of the jaw bones where the muscles are attached. 相似文献
17.
《Bone and mineral》1991,12(2):91-100
X-linked hypophosphatemic rickets (XLH) is characterized by inadequate skeletal mineralization. The bone mineral density (BMD) of the radius shaft and the lumbar spine was determined in 13 children with XLH. Ten patients were on treatment, whereas three patients had discontinued treatment 20–32 months prior to this study. Two of them had radiological evidence of rickets.The radius shaft BMD was significantly diminished: Z score was −1.33 ± 0.89 (P < 0.001), while the BMD of lumbar spine was significantly augmented (Z score + 1.95 ± 1.17, P < 0.001). A positive correlation was found between the Z scores for the BMD of the radius shaft and spine. The two patients with overt rickets had lower radius shaft BMD values and a lesser increment of BMD of the spine. The BMD deficit of cortical bone may be related to the lack of efficacy of the treatment and/or to an intrinsic defect of the bone on this disease. On the other hand, the augmented BMD of the lumbar spine might reflect the overabundance of partially mineralized osteoid.The determination of the BMD of the radius shaft by SPA was a sensitive method for detecting abnormalities of the bone mass in XLH patients under treatment without radiological signs of rickets. 相似文献
18.
北京地区汉族妇女雌激素受体基因XbaI多态性与骨密度和体重指数的关系 总被引:5,自引:2,他引:5
为探讨北京地区汉族妇女雌激素受体(ER)基因XbaI多态性与骨密度的关系,采用双能X线吸收仪检测腰椎、股骨及前臂骨密度;采用聚合酶链反应-限制性片段长度多态性(PCR-RFLP)法,对179例北京地区汉族妇女ER基因XbaI多态性进行分析。北京地区汉族妇女ER基因XX、Xx和xx基因型频率分布为0.302、0.464和0.234,绝经前与绝经后妇女XbaI型基因频率分布有明显差异,绝经后妇女腰椎骨密度(0.836±0.18)g/cm2明显低于绝经前妇女(1.038±0.14);绝经后妇女骨质疏松症的发病率为54%。ER基因XbaI基因型频率分布有明显的种族差异并受绝经影响,ER基因XbaI基因型与骨密度无明显相关性。与体重和BMI有明显相关性。 相似文献
19.
《Endocrine practice》2022,28(12):1226-1231
ObjectivesWe investigated the development in the primary outcomes: changes in bone mineral density (BMD) measured by dual x-ray absorptiometry at the lumbar spine, total hip, and femoral neck after 2 years.MethodsIn patients with primary hyperparathyroidism, we investigated the effects of 30-mg cinacalcet per day plus 60 denosumab every 6 months for 1 year (Deno group), versus denosumab plus placebo for 1 year (DenoPlacebo-group), versus placebo plus placebo injection for 1 year (Placebo group). After the study’s termination, most patients receiving denosumab were switched to bisphosphonate treatment.ResultsForty-three out of 45 participants were subject to follow-up. A total of 35 patients completed a 2-year follow-up dual x-ray absorptiometry-scan (Deno: n = 13; DenoPlacebo: n = 12; and Placebo: n = 10). None of the groups showed statistically significant changes in BMD or experienced decreases in mean BMD below the study’s baseline level. Overall, the changes in T-scores from the final study measurement to follow-up were similar among the groups (P = .38 for lumbar spine T-score, .63 for total hip, and .97 for femoral neck by 1-way ANOVA). P-calcium was not different over time (P = .20 for change over time and P = .08 for the difference between the groups by repeated measures ANOVA). A total of 5 participants suffered a fracture during the study or follow-up periods, all but one was in the placebo group.ConclusionEvidence suggests that it is possible to at least maintain BMD, and thus potentially lower the fracture risk by a short course of denosumab followed by antiresorptive therapy, where applicable in patients with primary hyperparathyroidism. 相似文献
20.
L C Shackelford A D LeBlanc T B Driscoll H J Evans N J Rianon S M Smith E Spector D L Feeback D Lai 《Journal of applied physiology》2004,97(1):119-129
During spaceflight, skeletal unloading results in loss of bone mineral density (BMD). This occurs primarily in the spine and lower body regions. This loss of skeletal mass could prove hazardous to astronauts on flights of long duration. In this study, intense resistance exercise was used to test whether a training regimen would prevent the loss of BMD that accompanies disuse. Nine subjects (5 men, 4 women) participated in a supine maximal resistance exercise training program during 17 wk of horizontal bed rest. These subjects were compared with 18 control subjects (13 men, 5 women) who followed the same bed rest protocol without exercise. Determination of treatment effect was based on measures of BMD, bone metabolism markers, and calcium balance obtained before, during, and after bed rest. Exercisers and controls had significantly (P < 0.05) different means, represented by the respective following percent changes: lumbar spine BMD, +3% vs. -1%; total hip BMD, +1% vs. -3%; calcaneus BMD, +1% vs. -9%; pelvis BMD, -0.5% vs. -3%; total body BMD, 0% vs. -1%; bone-specific alkaline phosphatase, +64% vs. 0%; alkaline phosphatase, +31% vs. +5%; osteocalcin, +43% vs. +10%; 1,25 dihydroxyvitamin D, +12% vs. -15%; parathyroid hormone intact molecule, +18% vs. -25%; and serum and ionized calcium, -1% vs. +1%. The difference in net calcium balance was also significant (+21 mg/day vs. -199 mg/day, exercise vs. control). The gastrocnemius and soleus muscle volumes decreased significantly in the exercise group, but the loss was significantly less than observed in the control group. The results indicate that resistance exercise had a positive treatment effect and thus might be useful as a countermeasure to prevent the deleterious skeletal changes associated with long-duration spaceflight. 相似文献