5 600例白带涂片镜检结果分析

目的：探讨线索细胞在白带清洁度划分的作用。方法：常规采样,新鲜标本分别用湿片法和革兰染色检查,以革兰染色检出为标准判断湿片中微生物检出及白带清洁度划分的准确性和可靠性。结果：湿片法对线索细胞的误辩率较高,清洁度划分难把握。结论：湿片法和革兰染色法两者相结合可较好地划分白带清洁度,明确阻道炎的性质。     

合肥市孕期妇女阴道分泌物湿片镜检与五项生化检验结果分析

目的 探查合肥地区孕期妇女生殖道感染特点,为临床诊断提供参考。方法 选取2017年11月—2018年9月来我院行孕期检查的孕妇969例,采集阴道分泌物分别进行镜检和五联检法联合检测,分析孕妇分泌物清洁度及病原结果。结果 969例孕妇阴道分泌物中,正常清洁度（Ⅰ~Ⅱ）占标本总数36.22%,病原体检出率6.84%,异常清洁度（Ⅲ~Ⅳ）占标本总数63.78%,病原体检出率44.66%,不同清洁度病原体检出率差异有统计学意义（Ps<0.05）。病原体阳性者300例,其中真菌感染158例（16.31%）,细菌感染157例（16.20%）,毛滴虫感染5例（0.52%）,混合感染20例（2.06%）。清洁度Ⅰ~Ⅱ度白细胞酯酶、唾液酸苷酶、脯氨酸氨基肽酶阳性率分别为17.23%、0.52%、0.93%,清洁度Ⅲ~Ⅳ度白细胞酯酶、唾液酸苷酶、脯氨酸氨基肽酶阳性率分别为61.40%、8.36%、17.34%,检测结果差异有统计学意义（Ps<0.05）。结论 合肥地区孕妇阴道分泌物病原体检出率较高,湿片镜检和五联检法联合检测可提高阴道炎诊断的准确性,在临床工作中应加强对孕期妇女的健康指导及生殖道感染的监测,做到早发现、早诊断、早治疗。     

500例疑似需氧菌性阴道炎患者阴道分泌物镜检和生化检测结果对比分析

目的探讨需氧菌性阴道炎（AV）生化检测法的临床应用价值。方法使用镜检和生化检测对500例疑似AV患者阴道分泌物进行检查,对检测结果进行对比分析。结果在500例疑似AV患者中,镜检法检出阳性患者409例,生化检测法共检出阳性患者414例。两种方法的诊断符合率为96.60%,二者呈中度一致性（Kappa=0.783,P〈0.05）。以镜检法为标准,生化检测法的敏感度为98.53%、特异性为87.91%。结论生化检测法对AV诊断具有很高的敏感度和特异度,且与镜检法符合率高,值得临床推广使用。     

白带锯蛱蝶幼虫和蛹的营养成分比较分析

探寻白带锯蛱蝶幼虫和蛹的主要营养成分,为它们的食用开发提供理论基础。运用营养分析方法分析表明白带锯蛱蝶幼虫和蛹的矿质元素含量丰富,粗脂肪含量分别占其干重的7.74%和12.1%,蛋白质含量分别占其干重的70.2%和67.8%,总氨基酸的含量分别为478.0 mg/g干重和519.4 mg/g干重,必需氨基酸分别占总氨基酸的比例为36.4%和33.7%,必需氨基酸与非必需氨基酸的比值分别为0.57和0.51,它们的第一限制氨基酸都为苏氨酸,第二限制氨基酸都为缬氨酸,必需氨基酸指数分别为0.86和0.93。白带锯蛱蝶幼虫和蛹除了各种矿质元素含量差异显著外,其余各营养成分含量相近,具有高蛋白、低脂肪、矿质元素含量丰富、蛋白质质量较好、必需氨基酸含量较高以及氨基酸结构较不平衡等特点。综上,白带锯蛱蝶幼虫和蛹具有较高的营养价值,它的食用开发具有巨大的潜力和广阔的市场前景。     

1860例阴道炎患者阴道分泌物病原体结果分析

目的了解阴道炎妇女阴道分泌物病原体感染状况。方法应用病原体培养,显微镜下直接检测等方法,对1 860例女性阴道炎患者取分泌物检测淋球菌(NG)、沙眼衣原体(CT)、解脲支原体(UU)、细菌性阴道病(BV)、念珠菌及滴虫等进行病原体感染状况调查。结果 NG阳性检出率为1.08%,CT阳性检出率为16.7%,UU阳性检出率为32.2%,BV阳性检出率为9.2%,念珠菌阳性检出率为35.0%,滴虫阳性检出率为5.8%,同时发现多种病原体混合感染模式。结论临床上应重视分泌物病原体检查,只有明确病因,患者才能得到及时有效的治疗。     

白带锯蛱蝶幼虫和蛹的营养成分比较分析北大核心CSCD

探寻白带锯蛱蝶幼虫和蛹的主要营养成分,为它们的食用开发提供理论基础。运用营养分析方法分析表明白带锯蛱蝶幼虫和蛹的矿质元素含量丰富,粗脂肪含量分别占其干重的7.74%和12.1%,蛋白质含量分别占其干重的70.2%和67.8%,总氨基酸的含量分别为478.0 mg/g干重和519.4 mg/g干重,必需氨基酸分别占总氨基酸的比例为36.4%和33.7%,必需氨基酸与非必需氨基酸的比值分别为0.57和0.51,它们的第一限制氨基酸都为苏氨酸,第二限制氨基酸都为缬氨酸,必需氨基酸指数分别为0.86和0.93。白带锯蛱蝶幼虫和蛹除了各种矿质元素含量差异显著外,其余各营养成分含量相近,具有高蛋白、低脂肪、矿质元素含量丰富、蛋白质质量较好、必需氨基酸含量较高以及氨基酸结构较不平衡等特点。综上,白带锯蛱蝶幼虫和蛹具有较高的营养价值,它的食用开发具有巨大的潜力和广阔的市场前景。     

五联检检测3988例阴道分泌物结果分析

目的 探讨过氧化氢浓度、唾液酸酶、白细胞酯酶、脯氨酸氨基肽酶和乙酰氨基葡萄糖苷酶检测对阴道微生态的改变所致妇科疾病的诊断意义.方法 对妇科门诊3 988例阴道分泌物进行五联检检测及Amsel法的检测.结果 五联检法检测3 988例阴道分泌物的结果阳性率:细菌性阴道病(BV)为30.1%,念珠菌为40.1%,滴虫为21....     

634例疑似需氧菌阴道炎患者阴道分泌物检测分析

目的 探讨预成酶分析技术诊断需氧菌阴道炎的临床价值.方法 分别采用预成酶分析法和Donders湿片镜检法对634例疑似AV患者阴道分泌物进行筛查.结果 预成酶分析法检出阳性患者569例,Donders湿片镜检法检出阳性患者571例,两种方法的符合率为97.48％,二者呈高度一致性(Kappa=0.834,P＞0.05).结论 预成酶分析法对需氧菌阴道炎的诊断具有很高的灵敏度和特异度,且该方法操作方便、反应快速,适宜基层医疗机构、社区医院推广使用.     

1253例孕妇和新生儿TORCH检测结果分析

目的 了解TORCH感染情况,为妇幼保健提供参考依据.方法 采用捕获ELISA方法对1 253例孕妇和新生儿的血清进行TORCH-IgM抗体检测.结果 689例孕妇CMV、TOX、RV及HSVⅡ特异性IgM抗体阳性率分别为1.89％、0.87％、0.44％和0.73％;564例新生儿CMV-IgM、TOX-IgM、RV-IgM和HSVⅡ-IgM阳性率分别为6.91％、0.18％、0和0.35％.结论 检测TORCH特异性抗体对优生优育有重要关系.     

用概率单位-平行线法和常规法统计分析几种疫苗效力检测结果的比较

本文采用概率转换-平行线法并应用微机程序对乙肝疫苗30批、狂犬疫苗34批双百日咳菌苗30批的效力试验结果进行了统计分析,并与现行常现统计法即Reed-Muench和Wilsonworcester法统计结果作了比较。 1.采用P-P法统计分析乙肝疫苗、狂犬病疫苗及百日咳菌苗效力试验结果,经对回归方程的线性及平行性检验成立的批数分别占83.3％、82.3％和83.3％,结果表明该法可以检查出由于动物差异及实验误差导致结果不成立的批数,应予复试。 2.P-P法与常规法(R-M法及W-W法)统计分析给果对三种制品评价一致的符合率分别为80％、79.4％和76.6％,两会判定结果一致,但前者更有科学性。 3.由P-P法统计分析结果,三种制品都有部分批的95％可信区间上下限值差距较大,该差距来源于动物差异及实验误差,说明在检测试验中,必需按规程要求严格筛选适宜动物和严格试验操作,以减少实验误差。对效力值可信区间应控制何种适宜范围,尚需作进一步探讨。     

白带中白色念珠菌致病性的研究

目的探讨女性生殖道分泌物(白带)中白色念珠菌的致病性,评价其在白带中分离的临床意义.方法对重庆医科大学第二临床学院2002年1月～2003年12月300株白带分离的白色念珠菌进行蛋白酶测定,并从蛋白酶活力高、中、低中分别选2株作血管内皮细胞毒力和粘附性测定.结果 300株白色念珠菌全部检出蛋白酶,其中蛋白酶活力高为249株,占83.0%;中等活力38株,占12.7%;低等活力13株,占4.3%.细胞毒力试验表明蛋白酶活力高,细胞毒性强,蛋白酶活力与毒力呈正相关(r=0.9946、P＜0.01);细胞粘附试验表明蛋白酶活力高,粘附能力强,蛋白酶活力与粘附呈正相关(r=0.9944、P＜0.01).结论蛋白酶是白色念珠菌重要的毒力因子,蛋白酶活力可直接反映其毒力,蛋白酶活力与其粘附直接相关.白带中白色念珠菌具有致病性,临床应对其引起的感染密切关注.     

动物组织中磺胺二甲嘧啶残留ELISA试剂盒研制

采用重氮化法和戊二醛法,将磺胺二甲嘧啶分别与牛血清白蛋白和辣根过氧化物酶偶联制备了免疫原和酶标半抗原,免疫兔获得了特异性抗体,成功建立了相关动物产品中磺胺二甲嘧啶残留ELISA定量检测方法及商品化试剂盒,并对试剂盒的灵敏度、准确度、精密度和稳定性进行了研究。试剂盒检测线性范围为62.5~0.54 ng/mL。在待测样品中各添加500、200、100、50 ng/g SMZ,测试的回收率平均为89.0%~134.8%;试剂盒测定结果与色谱的平均符合率99.8%~126.0%;对比定性测试15份色谱检测为阴性的样品,均未出现假阳性。试剂盒存放在37℃10 d和2~8℃5个月,质量稳定。     

一种联合MALDI-TOF MS直接鉴定阳性血培养瓶方法改进及与Sepsityper Kit试剂盒法、SELTERS法和血清分离胶法的比较

目的评价直接使用基质辅助激光解析电离飞行时间质谱(MALDI-TOF MS)联合Sepsityper Kit试剂盒法(简称试剂盒法)、SELTERS法和血清分离胶法(简称分离胶法)鉴定阳性血培养瓶血中细菌的符合率,并对SELTERS方法进行改进,以缩短样本处理时间。方法对656例临床血培养阳性标本,应用试剂盒法、SELTERS方法或分离胶法处理后,直接使用质谱仪快速鉴定菌株,同时进行传统培养,比较分析二者之间的差异。结果656例血培养阳性标本共分离出626株单种菌感染和30株多种菌感染标本。MALDI-TOF MS联合试剂盒法、SELTERS法或分离胶法可在1 h内快速鉴定血培养阳性标本。在单种细菌感染中,MALDI-TOF MS联合试剂盒法直接鉴定革兰阳性菌的种、属符合率分别是66.8%(141/211)、21.3%(45/211),革兰阴性菌的种、属符合率分别是97.1%(367/378)、0.8%(3/378),真菌的种、属符合率分别是32.4%(12/37)、0.0%(0/37);MALDI-TOF MS联合SELTERS法直接鉴定革兰阳性菌的种、属符合率分别是66.8%(141/211)、21.3%(45/211),革兰阴性菌的种、属符合率分别是96.3%(364/378)、2.4%(9/378),真菌的种、属符合率分别是32.4%(12/37)、2.7%(1/37);MALDI-TOF MS联合分离胶法直接鉴定革兰阳性菌的种、属符合率分别是51.2%(108/211)、20.9%(44/211),革兰阴性菌的种、属符合率分别是93.4%(353/378)、1.6%(6/378),真菌的种、属符合率分别是13.5%(5/37)、2.7%(1/37);MALDI-TOF MS联合改良SELTERS法直接鉴定革兰阳性菌的种、属符合率分别是59.1%(13/22)、18.2%(4/22),革兰阴性菌的种、属符合率分别是88.5%(23/26)、3.8%(1/26),真菌的种、属符合率分别是0.0%(0/2)、50.0%(1/2)。而对于多种菌感染的血培养瓶,3种方法鉴定率均较低。结论MALDI-TOF MS联合试剂盒法、SELTERS法或分离胶直接鉴定阳性血标本中的病原菌,其结果可在1 h内获得,并与传统培养结果相比具有较高的符合率。但是这些方法检测更快速、操作更简便,同时改良SELTERS法样本处理时间缩短,成本降低,且符合率与前3种方法没有区别。这4种方法均能满足临床快速诊断和及时有效抗菌治疗的需求,临床可根据自身情况选择。     

Differentially expressed glycoproteins in pre- and post-digital rectal examination urine samples for detecting aggressive prostate cancer

Urinary glycoproteins associated with aggressive prostate cancer (AG-PCa) were previously reported using post-digital rectal examination (DRE) urine specimens. To explore the potential of using pre-DRE urine specimens for detecting AG-PCa, we compared glycoproteins between pre- and post-DRE urine specimens, verified the previously identified post-DRE AG-PCa-associated urinary glycoproteins in pre-DRE urine specimens, and explored potential new glycoproteins for AG-PCa detection in pre-DRE urine specimens. Quantitative glycoproteomic data were acquired for 154 pre-DRE urine specimens from 41 patients with no cancer at biopsy, 48 patients with non-AG-PCa (Gleason score = 6), and 65 patients with AG-PCa (Gleason score 7 or above). Compared to glycopeptides from the post-DRE urine data, humoral immunity-related proteins were enriched in pre-DRE urine samples, whereas cell mediated immune response proteins were enriched in post-DRE urine samples. Analyses of AG-PCa-associated glycoproteins from pre-DRE urine revealed that the three urinary glycoproteins, prostate-specific antigen (PSA), prostatic acid phosphatase (ACPP), and CD97 antigen (CD97) that were previously identified in post-DRE urine samples, were also observed as AG-PCa associated glycoproteins in pre-DRE urine. In addition, we identified three new glycoproteins, fibrillin 1 (FBN1), vitronectin (VTN), and hemicentin 2 (HMCN2), to be potentially associated with AG-PCa in pre-DRE urine specimens. In summary, glycoprotein profiles differ between pre- and post-DRE urine specimens. The identified AG-PCa-associated glycoproteins may be further evaluated in large cohort of pre-DRE urine specimens for detecting clinically significant PCa.     

Modification of gDNA extraction from soil for PCR designed for the routine examination of soil samples contaminated with Toxocara spp. eggs

A modification of gDNA extraction was developed for the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique, intended for the detection and differentiation of Toxocara spp. eggs in soil or sediments. Sand samples from sandpits confirmed as being contaminated with Toxocara spp. eggs by the flotation technique were analysed by PCR. The use of proteinase K made it possible to obtain genomic DNA from the sample without needing to isolate eggs using flotation or to inactivate PCR inhibitors present in the sand. Specific primers in the PCR reaction allowed discrimination between T. canis and T. cati eggs. The modification simplified the procedure, thanks to eliminating the step of gDNA isolation from eggs, which is both laborious and difficult.     

食品中克罗诺杆菌属双重PCR检测试剂盒的评价

【背景】在食品安全领域,克罗诺杆菌属于需要重点监测的致病菌,当前随着分子检测相关技术的不断发展,研制有关食品中克罗诺杆菌简便、高效的检测产品至关重要。【目的】研制克罗诺杆菌检测的双重PCR检测试剂盒并评价其用于食品中克罗诺杆菌检测的实效性。【方法】优化双重PCR反应体系,反应试剂采用冻干工艺,确立了试剂盒组成,并评价其特异性、灵敏度、重复性、保质期等性能指标。【结果】克罗诺杆菌标准菌株和分离菌株均在目标位置出现两条明显条带,非克罗诺杆菌标准菌株和分离菌株均检测为阴性,纯基因组DNA检测灵敏度为2.3×10-1 ng/μL,纯培养菌检验限为3.2×104CFU/mL;对65份食品样品进行克罗诺杆菌检测,该试剂盒检测结果与标准方法检测结果一致性较高;批内、批间检测重复率均为100%,可在42°C环境放置120 h且其检测效力不受影响,4°C保质期可长达12个月。【结论】该试剂盒性能好,检测结果稳定、可靠,适用于食品中克罗诺杆菌的快速检测。     

Evaluation of the Subhuman Primate Pregnancy Test Kit for the detection of early pregnancy in the rhesus monkey (Macaca mulatta)

The performance of The Subhuman Primate Pregnancy Test Kit was evaluated for routine detection of early (days 19-21) pregnancy in the rhesus monkey. Out of 123 confirmed matings, 19 resulted in pregnancy. In the pregnant animals the kit had an accuracy of 73.7%. In the nonpregnant females the accuracy was higher, 88.5%. False positives were encountered in ovariectomized females as well as adult intact males.     

Nested-PCR and a New ELISA-Based NovaLisa Test Kit for Malaria Diagnosis in an Endemic Area of Thailand

Microscopy is considered as the gold standard for malaria diagnosis although its wide application is limited by the requirement of highly experienced microscopists. PCR and serological tests provide efficient diagnostic performance and have been applied for malaria diagnosis and research. The aim of this study was to investigate the diagnostic performance of nested PCR and a recently developed an ELISA-based new rapid diagnosis test (RDT), NovaLisa test kit, for diagnosis of malaria infection, using microscopic method as the gold standard. The performance of nested-PCR as a malaria diagnostic tool is excellent with respect to its high accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, and ability to discriminate Plasmodium species. The sensitivity and specificity of nested-PCR compared with the microscopic method for detection of Plasmodium falciparum, Plasmodium vivax, and P. falciparum/P. vivax mixed infection were 71.4 vs 100%, 100 vs 98.7%, and 100 vs 95.0%, respectively. The sensitivity and specificity of the ELISA-based NovaLisa test kit compared with the microscopic method for detection of Plasmodium genus were 89.0 vs 91.6%, respectively. NovaLisa test kit provided comparable diagnostic performance. Its relatively low cost, simplicity, and rapidity enables large scale field application.     

Comparison of Methyl-capture Sequencing vs. Infinium 450K methylation array for methylome analysis in clinical samples

Interindividual variability in the epigenome has gained tremendous attention for its potential in pathophysiological investigation, disease diagnosis, and evaluation of clinical intervention. DNA methylation is the most studied epigenetic mark in epigenome-wide association studies (EWAS) as it can be detected from limited starting material. Infinium 450K methylation array is the most popular platform for high-throughput profiling of this mark in clinical samples, as it is cost-effective and requires small amounts of DNA. However, this method suffers from low genome coverage and errors introduced by probe cross-hybridization. Whole-genome bisulfite sequencing can overcome these limitations but elevates the costs tremendously. Methyl-Capture Sequencing (MC Seq) is an attractive intermediate solution to increase the methylome coverage in large sample sets. Here we first demonstrate that MC Seq can be employed using DNA amounts comparable to the amounts used for Infinium 450K. Second, to provide guidance when choosing between the 2 platforms for EWAS, we evaluate and compare MC Seq and Infinium 450K in terms of coverage, technical variation, and concordance of methylation calls in clinical samples. Last, since the focus in EWAS is to study interindividual variation, we demonstrate the utility of MC Seq in studying interindividual variation in subjects from different ethnicities.