红锥不同外植体消毒技术初探

以红锥种子、茎段为材料,进行外植体消毒试验。结果表明,种子灭菌的条件:75%酒精5~15min+0.1%HgCl230~40min(不剥壳去皮),75%酒精1min+0.1%HgC220min(剥壳去皮),这2种处理污染率均较低,种子发芽率相差不大;茎段用0.1%升汞+20%次氯酸钠组合消毒效果最好,在0.1%升汞+20%次氯酸钠组合消毒时间为8min+5min时污染率最低,平均仅为28.89%。     

红锥不同外植体消毒技术初探

以红锥种子、茎段为材料,进行外植体消毒试验。结果表明,种子灭菌的条件:75%酒精5~15min+0.1%HgCl230~40min(不剥壳去皮),75%酒精1min+0.1%HgC220min(剥壳去皮),这2种处理污染率均较低,种子发芽率相差不大;茎段用0.1%升汞+20%次氯酸钠组合消毒效果最好,在0.1%升汞+20%次氯酸钠组合消毒时间为8min+5min时污染率最低,平均仅为28.89%。     

晚松不同外植体腋芽诱导的初步研究北大核心CSCD

以一年生晚松实生苗春梢不同部位的茎段和种子萌发的顶芽两种材料为外植体,用浓度为0.1%的升汞对外植体进行消毒处理,选择消毒效果较好的外植体作为无菌材料,然后优化最适合腋芽诱导的培养基类型和激素水平组合。结果表明,0.1%的升汞消毒处理10 min的春梢中部茎段最佳,污染率最低,为0.8%,其腋芽诱导的最佳培养基和激素浓度为:MS+2.5 mg/L 6-BA+0.2 mg/L NAA。而种子的最佳消毒时间为4 min,污染率为2.4%,在含有0.7 mg/L NAA和1.0 mg/L 6-BA的MS培养基中诱导率最高。本文建立了由春梢茎段和种子诱导腋芽的有效方法,为晚松的快速繁育提供理论依据和技术支持。     

晚松不同外植体腋芽诱导的初步研究

以一年生晚松实生苗春梢不同部位的茎段和种子萌发的顶芽两种材料为外植体,用浓度为0.1%的升汞对外植体进行消毒处理,选择消毒效果较好的外植体作为无菌材料,然后优化最适合腋芽诱导的培养基类型和激素水平组合。结果表明,0.1%的升汞消毒处理10 min的春梢中部茎段最佳,污染率最低,为0.8%,其腋芽诱导的最佳培养基和激素浓度为:MS+2.5 mg/L 6-BA+0.2 mg/L NAA。而种子的最佳消毒时间为4 min,污染率为2.4%,在含有0.7 mg/L NAA和1.0 mg/L 6-BA的MS培养基中诱导率最高。本文建立了由春梢茎段和种子诱导腋芽的有效方法,为晚松的快速繁育提供理论依据和技术支持。     

“胡萝卜的组织培养”消毒方法的优化

为了尽可能在高中开展胡萝卜的组织培养实验,选取胡萝卜根为外植体,从改进外植体消毒方法、缩短消毒时间2个方面进行优化。实验结果表明:胡萝卜根经多次消毒组合:70%酒精浸泡30 s+20%次氯酸钠溶液浸泡10 min+酒精灼烧12 s处理后,污染率降至5.55%,实验操作总时间约20 min。     

无花果的组织培养和快速繁殖

1 植物名称无花果(Ficus carica)品种绿抗一号、绿抗二号、紫果一号、红果一号、日本黄和布兰瑞克。 2 材料类别茎尖、带腋芽的茎段、幼叶。 3 培养条件将外植体用流水冲洗20 min后,投入70％酒精内消毒30 s,再用0.1％升汞溶液浸泡8～10 min,无菌水冲洗4～5次.消毒滤纸吸干表面水     

象草腋芽外植体消毒方法的筛选

为了解决象草组织培养中外植体污染问题,提高象草组织培养的成功率。本研究运用正交设计实验设置自来水冲洗、0.1%升汞浸泡和2%次氯酸钠浸泡3因子的不同消毒组合,通过直观分析和方差分析对象草腋芽外植体消毒灭菌结果进行分析。结果表明,象草腋芽外植体消毒的最佳组合为:自来水冲洗60min,0.1%升汞浸泡25min,2%次氯酸钠浸泡20min。该组合不仅能使污染率降低到13.33%,同时又在外植体的承受范围之内,没有对外植体造成伤害,本文结果将为象草的离体再生培养提供技术参考。     

不同浓度6-BA及KT对马铃薯无菌苗诱导的影响

以‘高原7 号’马铃薯茎尖为外植体,用0.1%升汞和75%酒精消毒,经组织培养获得脱毒马铃薯茎段,在增殖培养中,研究不同浓度6-BA 及KT 对马铃薯茎段诱导增殖效果的影响。结果表明：用0.1%升汞对茎尖消毒8 min 效果最好,灭菌率达96.67%。细胞分裂素对马铃薯茎段增殖的促进作用为6-BA>KT,以1.5 mg/L 6-BA 诱导不定芽及其生长势效果最佳。     

银柴胡离体培养与毛状根诱导技术初步研究

以银柴胡茎段为外植体,经消毒获得无菌再生材料后,筛选发根农杆菌介导毛状根诱导产生的最适条件。结果显示：最适的无菌消毒方法为：70%酒精浸5 s,0.1%升汞消毒3 min,获得了银柴胡离体培养材料;以发根农杆菌A4菌株介导的银柴胡毛状根诱导过程中,与叶片和不带腋芽茎段相比,带腋芽茎段为最适转化外植体,用OD600=0.8的菌液侵染茎段15 min,共培养3 d,800 mg/L头孢噻肟钠除菌,其诱导率及诱导密度最高,分别为100%和4.7,为最适诱导条件。研究结果说明在适合条件下,银柴胡带腋芽茎段适于诱导毛状根。     

仙人掌和仙人指的组培嫁接成苗

1植物名称仙人掌（Opuntiadillenii）、仙人指（Schlumbergerabridgesii）。2材料类别带顶芽的茎段或茎片。3培养条件仙人掌用试管刷蘸少许洗衣粉在流水下刷洗干净，再在70％酒精中洗涤30s，放在有1．1％升汞的锥形瓶中抽真空消毒5min、10min（对照用0.1％升汞消毒10、15、20min），无菌水冲洗4次，无菌下切成0．5－1．0cm大小，接种在MS＋NAA0．1mg·L－1（单位下同）＋6－BA2中，于室温20－22℃下培养，每天光照12h，光照度2000lx下培养。仙人指用不同消毒方法处理（5％漂白精加2ml吐温消毒20min;0.1％升汞的锥形瓶中抽真空消毒5min；…     

我国葫芦科植物离体培养研究进展

葫芦科植物包括多种瓜类蔬菜,对其进行离体培养研究具有重要的理论和实践意义。综述了国内在葫芦科植物器官培养、体细胞胚胎发生、花药培养、原生质体培养和体细胞杂交及离体遗传转化等方面取得的研究进展,并对葫芦科植物离体培养、遗传转化与育种的前景作了展望。     

我国葫芦科植物离体培养研究进展

葫芦科植物包括多种瓜类蔬菜,对其进行离体培养研究具有重要的理论和实践意义.综述了国内在葫芦科植物器官培养、体细胞胚胎发生、花药培养、原生质体培养和体细胞杂交及离体遗传转化等方面取得的研究进展,并对葫芦科植物离体培养、遗传转化与育种的前景作了展望.     

国内双歧杆菌制剂预防小儿继发性腹泻临床疗效的Meta分析

目的系统评价国内双歧杆菌制剂临床预防小儿继发性腹泻的效果。方法按照系统评价的要求检索CBMd isc、VIP、CNK I以及万方数据库等,获得18篇符合纳入标准的文献,共计患儿4050例,对其进行M eta分析,并评价M eta分析结果的稳定性和发表偏倚。结果异质性检验χ^2=34.60,P=0.007〈0.05,采用随机效应模型进行M eta分析,合并RR=0.41,95%C I为0.35～0.49,总体效应检验,Z=10.39,P〈0.00001,差异具有非常显著性,固定效应模型RR值和95%C I与随机效应模型完全一致,剔除小样本报道后的合并RR=0.42,95%C I为0.35～0.50,与剔除前的结果基本一致,且本研究的发表偏倚得到了很好地控制。结论从现有的临床证据来看,双歧杆菌制剂能降低小儿继发性腹泻的发生率,对预防小儿继发性腹泻起到了满意的效果。     

右美托咪啶用于SICU镇静时血流动力学效应与年龄的关系

目的：以心率（HR）、心指数（CI）、体循环阻力（SVR）作为效应指标,明确右美托咪啶（Dex）用于SICU 镇静时年龄和血流动 力学效应的关系。方法：选择2014 年3 月~7 月间在我院SICU 接受普胸或者普外科手术后需要短期镇静患者38 例,各年龄段分 布相对均匀。在病人术后Ramsay评分≤ 3 分时给予右旋美托咪啶6.0 ug/kg/h,连续静脉输注10 min 后停药,应用脉搏指示连续 心输出量监测技术(PICCO)记录用药前及用药后3 min、5 min、8 min、10 min、15 min、20 min、30 min、45 min、60 min、90 min、120 min 的11 个时间点的HR、CI 和SVR。结果：HR、CI 和SVR 的EMAX 随着年龄的增加而增大,可以通过数学模型表示：E= （P<0.05）。结论：右美托咪啶用于SICU 镇静时,患者HR、CI和SVR的EMAX 呈 年龄依赖性变化。     

我国蝴蝶产业发展中亟待解决的几个问题

本文简略介绍了我国目前蝴蝶产业的背景情况和发展现状,着重阐述了该产业发展中亟待解决的目标与思路、政策与法律、科研与技术、人才与培养等一系列问题,并针地性提出了相应解决意见。     

Studies of in vivo mutations in rpsL transgene in UVB-irradiated epidermis of XPA-deficient mice

We have established xeroderma pigmentosum group A (XPA) gene-knockout mice with nucleotide excision repair (NER) deficiency, which rapidly developed skin tumors when exposed to a low dose of chronic UV like XP-A patients, confirming that the NER process plays an important role in preventing UVB-induced skin cancer. To examine the in vivo mutation in the UVB-irradiated epidermis, we established XPA (−/−), (+/−) and (+/+) mice carrying the Escherichia coli rpsL transgene with which the mutation frequencies and spectra in the UVB-irradiated epidermal tissue can be examined conveniently. The XPA (−/−) mice showed a higher frequency of UVB-induced mutation in the rpsL transgene with a low dose (150 J/m²) of UVB-irradiation than the XPA (+/−) and (+/+) mice, while, at a high dose (900 J/m²) they showed almost the same frequency of mutation as the XPA (+/−) and (+/+) mice, probably because of cell death in the epidermis of the XPA (−/−) mice. However, CC→TT tandem transition, a hallmark of UV-induced mutation, was detected at higher frequency in the XPA (−/−) mice than the XPA (+/−) and (+/+) mice at both doses of UVB. This rpsL/XPA mouse system will be useful for further analyzing the role of NER in the mutagenesis and carcinogenesis induced by various carcinogens.     

细胞分裂素对植物衰老的延缓作用

细胞分裂素是一类重要的植物激素,它可在一定程度上延缓植物的衰老。主要从3个方面综述了细胞分裂素与植物衰老之间的关系,即:(1)植物衰老过程中内源细胞分裂素含量变化;(2)外源细胞分裂素的影响;(3)转入与细胞分裂素的合成、降解相关的基因对植物衰老产生的影响。此外,还从细胞分裂素与糖、与脂质氧化反应以及与其它植物激素的关系方面探讨了细胞分裂素在延缓植物衰老中的作用机理。     

Application of in vitro techniques in mutation breeding of chrysanthemum

Rooted cuttings of Chrysanthemum morifolium cv. Maghi, a small flowered, late blooming cultivar, were treated with different doses of gamma rays. Somatic mutations in flower colour (light mauve, white, light yellow and dark yellow) and chlorophyll variegation in leaves were detected as chimeras in treated populations. Attempts were made to standardize a microtechnique for plant regeneration from mutated tissues of stem node, stem internode, shoot tip and ray floret. All these explants were cultured on Murashige and Skoog's medium with 3% sucrose, 0.8% agar and different concentrations and combinations of growth regulators. Plant regeneration was successful from all of the mutated tissues. Plants with chlorophyll variegation in leaves and two new flower colours (light mauve and white) were isolated in pure form with 64% and 100% efficiency of mutant recovery, respectively. Attempts are being made to use this technique to establish new varieties from chimeric tissues to meet the increasing demand of the floriculture trade.     

Role of Telomerase in Reactivation of Macrophage Nuclei in Heterokaryons

It was shown that the duration of stay of macrophages in the peritoneal cavity of mice and method of their isolation did not affect markedly their capacity for resumption of DNA synthesis in heterokaryons. This means that mouse macrophage undergo such changes during differentiation that reactivation of DNA synthesis in their nuclei is only possible after interaction of telomeres with telomerase, since it was already shown that telomerase was involved in reactivation of DNA synthesis in the macrophage nuclei. The results of experiments did not reveal differences in the length of telomeres in mouse macrophages and other somatic cells. This could depend on the significant length of mouse telomeres and, as a result, their shortening, sufficient for the inhibition of proliferation, is beyond the limits of sensitivity of the current methods. It is also possible that changes in DNA properties in the macrophages occurring during their differentiation depend on changes in the conformation of the telomere complex in these cells. Testing of this suggestion is relevant with respect to recent data that cell hybridization, specifically in the form of heterokaryons, may be essential in realization of the therapeutic effect caused by the introduction of cells during cell therapy.