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Recently, a corona virus disease (COVID-19) caused by a novel corona virus (sevier acute respiratory syndrome corona virus 2; SARS-CoV-2), rapidly spread throughout the world. It has been resulted an unprecedented public health crisis and has become a global threat. WHO declared it as a pandemic due to rapid transmission and severity of the disease. According to WHO, as of 22nd of August 2020, the disease spread over 213 countries of the world having 22,812,491 confirmed cases and 795,132 deaths recorded worldwide. In the absence of suitable antiviral drugs and vaccines, the current pandemic has created an urgent need for accurate diagnostic tools that would be helpful for early detection of the patients. Many tests including classical and high-throughput techniques have developed and obtained U.S. Food and drug administration (FDA) approval. However, efforts are being made to develop new diagnostic tools for detection of the disease. Several molecular diagnostic tests such as real-time-polymerase chain reaction, real-time isothermal loop-mediated amplification (RT-LAMP), full genome analysis by next-generation sequencing, clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats technique and microarray-based assays along with other techniques such as computed tomography scan, biomarkers, biosensor, nanotechnology, serological test, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), isolation of viral strain in cell culture are currently available for diagnosis of COVID-19 infection. This review provides a brief overview of promising high-throughput techniques currently used for detection of SARS-CoV-2, along with their scope and limitations that may be used for effective control of the disease. 相似文献
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新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情的全球大流行,对全球公共健康、社会和经济运转造成了重大影响。在药物研发迟滞及疫苗有效性未得到充分验证的情况下,对人群进行大规模的快速筛查,寻找潜在的感染者(尤其是轻症和无症状患者),并进行集中隔离,切断传播途径和保护易感人群是首要的任务。因此对于SARS-CoV-2感染,早期诊断尤为重要。总结现有市场上的新冠病毒抗原快速检测产品,对全球抗原快速检测市场进行分析,概述其研发的动向并展望了我国在新冠抗原检测新方法、新技术方面的自主创新能力。 相似文献
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Parinaz Fozouni Sungmin Son María Díaz de León Derby Gavin J. Knott Carley N. Gray Michael V. D’Ambrosio Chunyu Zhao Neil A. Switz G. Renuka Kumar Stephanie I. Stephens Daniela Boehm Chia-Lin Tsou Jeffrey Shu Abdul Bhuiya Maxim Armstrong Andrew R. Harris Pei-Yi Chen Jeannette M. Osterloh Melanie Ott 《Cell》2021,184(2):323-333.e9
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基于聚合酶链式反应(polymerase chain reaction,PCR)的核酸扩增技术是分子诊断领域的金标准,然而PCR往往包含多个反应温度,涉及长时间的循环升降温过程,且需要在复杂热循环仪中完成,这些都限制了其在现场即时检测(point-of-care testing,POCT)中的应用。与传统PCR相比,等温扩增依靠恒定反应温度,反应时间短,检测装置简单,能够提供更加方便、快捷的核酸检测。基于微流控技术的等温扩增检测,通过兼顾微流控与等温扩增两者的优势,能够为POCT分子诊断提供更具竞争力的平台。例如,在新型冠状病毒肺炎(COVID-19)疫情防控中,多种形式的POCT等温扩增检测展示了其独特优势。文中首先归纳总结了典型的等温扩增技术及其检测方法,然后对不同类型的等温扩增微流控系统进行了分类总结与分析(如功能定位、结构组成、流体控制、系统特点等),最后总结了等温扩增微流控系统在新冠病毒(SARS-CoV-2)等不同病原体检测领域中的应用,并对等温扩增与CRISPR基因编辑等其他新型技术的相互结合进行了介绍与展望。 相似文献
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Lingfeng Tang Di Zhang Pu Han Xinrui Kang Anqi Zheng Zepeng Xu Xin Zhao Vivien Ya-Fan Wang Jianxun Qi Qihui Wang Kefang Liu George F. Gao 《International journal of biological sciences》2022,18(12):4658
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has caused a global pandemic. Intermediate horseshoe bats (Rhinolophus affinis) are hosts of RaTG13, the second most phylogenetically related viruses to SARS-CoV-2. We report the binding between intermediate horseshoe bat ACE2 (bACE2-Ra) and SARS-CoV-2 receptor-binding domain (RBD), supporting the pseudotyped SARS-CoV-2 viral infection. A 3.3 Å resolution crystal structure of the bACE2-Ra/SARS-CoV-2 RBD complex was determined. The interaction networks of Patch 1 showed differences in R34 and E35 of bACE2-Ra compared to hACE2 and big-eared horseshoe bat ACE2 (bACE2-Rm). The E35K substitution, existing in other species, significantly enhanced the binding affinity owing to its electrostatic attraction with E484 of SARS-CoV-2 RBD. Furthermore, bACE2-Ra showed extensive support for the SARS-CoV-2 variants. These results broaden our knowledge of the ACE2/RBD interaction mechanism and emphasize the importance of continued surveillance of intermediate horseshoe bats to prevent spillover risk. 相似文献
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It has been more than a year since severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) first emerged. Many studies have provided insights into the various aspects of the immune response in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Especially for antibody treatment and vaccine development, humoral immunity to SARS-CoV-2 has been studied extensively, though there is still much that is unknown and controversial. Here, we introduce key discoveries on the humoral immune responses in COVID-19, including the immune dynamics of antibody responses and correlations with disease severity, neutralizing antibodies and their cross-reactivity, how long the antibody and memory B-cell responses last, aberrant autoreactive antibodies generated in COVID-19 patients, and the efficacy of currently available therapeutic antibodies and vaccines against circulating SARS-CoV-2 variants, and highlight gaps in the current knowledge. 相似文献
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Jing-Yu Wang Tian-Ning Li Chun-Lei Zhou Jie Zhao Meng Wang Yuan Wang Yan Jiang He-Nan Dong Qian-Ru Qi Hong Mu 《中国病毒学》2022,37(6):850-859
COVID-19 has spread surprisingly fast worldwide, and new variants continue to emerge. Recently, the World Health Organization acknowledged a new mutant strain “Omicron”, with children were accounting for a growing share of COVID-19 cases compared with other mutant strains. However, the clinical and immunological characteristics of convalescent pediatric patients after Omicron infection were lacking. In this study, we comparatively analyzed the clinical data from pediatric patients with adult patients or healthy children and the effects of SARSCoV-2 vaccine on the clinical and immune characteristics in convalescent pediatric patients. Our results indicated that convalescent pediatric patients had unique clinical and immune characteristics different from those of adult patients or healthy children, and SARS-CoV-2 vaccination significantly affected on the clinical and immune characteristics and the prevention of nucleic acid re-detectable positive (RP) in convalescent patients. Our study further deepens the understanding of the impact of Omicron on the long-term health of pediatric patients and provides a valuable reference for the prevention and treatment of children infected with Omicron. 相似文献
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目的:评价新型冠状病毒(SARS-CoV-2)重组S1蛋白和S蛋白疫苗对SARS-CoV-2的免疫保护效果。方法:将SARS-CoV-2重组S1蛋白和S蛋白分别联合氢氧化铝佐剂以0.1 μg/只、1 μg/只、5 μg/只、10 μg/只不同剂量接种6~8周BALB/c纯系健康雌性小鼠。第二次免疫后采血通过酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)检测血清中IgG抗体效价,通过假病毒中和试验比较免疫小鼠血清对SARS-CoV-2野生型株(WT)、英国株(B.1.1.7)、巴西株(P.1)、印度株(B.1.617.2)、Mu毒株(B.1.621)和南非株(501Y.V2-1)六种假病毒毒株中和活性效价,取脾细胞通过酶联免疫斑点技术(ELISpot)检测免疫小鼠的细胞免疫水平。结果:SARS-CoV-2重组S和S1蛋白都能诱导小鼠产生较强的IgG抗体水平。免疫S1蛋白的小鼠血清对SARS-CoV-2野生型株、英国株、巴西株有明显的中和活性,免疫S蛋白的小鼠血清除了对SARS-CoV-2野生型株、英国株、巴西株有明显中和活性之外,对印度株也有明显的中和活性,两种蛋白质免疫的小鼠血清均对野生型株中和效果最强。S蛋白免疫的小鼠脾细胞能够显著诱导出γ干扰素(IFN-γ)和白介素-4(IL-4)的产生。S蛋白诱导产生的IgG抗体、中和抗体、细胞免疫水平均高于S1。结论:SARS-CoV-2重组S蛋白疫苗能够诱导产生较强的保护性免疫应答。 相似文献
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新型冠状病毒(SARS-CoV-2)感染可导致致命性肺炎,且极具传染性。自2019年年末在我国出现以来,已在全球蔓延。为了建立一种灵敏、快速检测SARS-CoV-2的分子检测方法,本研究使用金纳米颗粒配合普通PCR检测方法,针对SARS-CoV-2核衣壳蛋白建立了SARS-CoV-2 NanoPCR新型分子检测方法。特异性结果显示,该方法对猪流行性腹泻病毒、牛冠状病毒、犬冠状病毒、水貂冠状病毒、猫传染性腹膜炎病毒均无交叉反应,表明该方法的特异性良好。敏感性结果显示,该方法的最低检测量为3.69×104拷贝/μL,高于普通PCR最低检测量10倍,表明该方法的敏感性良好。使用建立的方法对3份临床样品进行检测,该方法与普通PCR方法结果一致,10倍稀释样品后,NanoPCR相比较普通PCR条带仍然具有较高辨识度。综上,本研究建立的灵敏、特异的NanoPCR方法可以对临床样品进行快速诊断和鉴定。 相似文献
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新型冠状病毒感染（coronavirus disease 2019,COVID-19）,下简称“新冠”,是由严重急性呼吸系统综合征冠状病毒2（severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2,SARS-CoV-2）引发的全球流行传染病。鉴于嗅觉障碍是其主要神经症状,明确相关流行现状、机制和康复对促进公共健康非常重要。文献报道的新冠相关嗅觉障碍的发生率存在差异,与评估工具、人群以及变异毒株3个因素有关。其中,不同毒株之间嗅觉障碍发生率的差异可能源于刺突糖蛋白和侵入方式的变异。在外周嗅觉系统,SARS-CoV-2主要引发嗅裂炎症、支持细胞死亡和宿主免疫反应,而关于SARS-CoV-2入侵中枢的途径和机制仍存争议。部分“长新冠”患者存在持续的嗅觉障碍,SARS-CoV-2诱发慢性炎症反应和对嗅上皮再生的破坏是其潜在的病理基础。根据嗅觉媒介假说,SARS-CoV-2可能借由嗅觉系统影响中枢功能并最终诱发神经退行性变。嗅觉训练、药物等方法可帮助新冠相关嗅觉障碍的康复。 相似文献
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Yao Pingping Zhang Yachun Sun Yisheng Gu Yulin Xu Fang Su Bo Chen Chen Lu Hangjing Wang Dehui Yang Zhangnv Niu Biao Chen Jiancai Xie Lixia Chen Lei Zhang Yajing Wang Hui Zhao Yuying Guo Yue Ruan Juncheng Zhu Zhiyong Fu Zhenfang Tian Dayong An Qi Jiang Jianmin Zhu Hanping 《中国病毒学》2020,35(3):348-350
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) broke out in early December 2019 in Wuhan, China and escalated into a global pandemic. There is an urgent need to understand the biology of SARS-CoV-2. In this letter, we report the isolation and characterization of seven isolates of SARS-CoV-2. Results show that our viruses have 99% sequence identity with published virus sequences. In addition, all viruses grew well in Vero cells, and one of the viruses had a deletion mutation after short passage. These results shall facilitate the understanding of the characteristics of SARS-CoV-2 in vitro. 相似文献
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《Cell host & microbe》2022,30(4):545-555.e4
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Anglès d'Auriac M Refseth UH Espelund M Moi H Størvold G Jeansson S 《Journal of microbiological methods》2007,70(3):416-423
Chlamydia trachomatis is a leading cause of sexually transmitted infection. Diagnostic methods with easy non-invasive sample collection are important to increase testing and hence to reduce the spread of this infection. To enable more use of urine samples in C. trachomatis diagnostics, automation is an absolute requirement since obtaining high-quality DNA from urine specimens involves extensive processing.
Here, we present a study in which a new automated sample preparation method, BUGS'n BEADS™ STI (BnB STI), was used up-front of the BDProbeTec™ ET end point analysis and compared with the full BDProbeTec™ ET method to analyze C. trachomatis in 1002 urine samples.
The BnB STI system represents a new concept within magnetic sample preparation in which bacteria are first isolated from the sample material followed by purification of bacterial nucleic acid using the same magnetic particles. Similar sensitivity and specificity were obtained with both methods. None of the samples processed with BnB STI inhibited the BDProbeTec™ ET test whereas 1.8% showed inhibition when processed according to the manual BDProbeTec™ ET DNA preparation method. Moreover, the average MOTA scores obtained with the BnB STI system were 48% higher for all amplification controls and 57% higher for positive samples, compared to the manual sample preparation. Based on these results and the significant reduction in hands-on-time for urine sample processing, the automated BnB STI sample preparation method was implemented for routine analysis of C. trachomatis from urine samples. 相似文献
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自新冠疫情暴发以来,食品或其包装袋不断被检测出新型冠状病毒(SARS-CoV-2)核酸阳性,均与冷冻生鲜相关。为评估SARS-CoV-2污染冷冻食品的风险,本研究采集湖北省襄阳市各大商超、批发市场和餐饮企业的601批次冷冻食品进行新型冠状病毒核酸检测,分析国内外不同品种和不同经营场所的冷冻食品的新型冠状病毒核酸检测结果。结果显示,该601批次的冷冻食品的新型冠状病毒核酸检测结果全部为阴性。本研究提示,襄阳市的冷冻食品被SARS-CoV-2污染的风险较低,其作为SARS-CoV-2传染源的可能性较小。 相似文献
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Hanzhao Zhu Liyun Zhang Yubo Ma Mengen Zhai Lin Xia Jincheng Liu Shiqiang Yu Weixun Duan 《Journal of cellular and molecular medicine》2021,25(3):1342-1349
SARS-CoV-2, the virus responsible for the global coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic, attacks multiple organs of the human body by binding to angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) to enter cells. More than 20 million people have already been infected by the virus. ACE2 is not only a functional receptor of COVID-19 but also an important endogenous antagonist of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS). A large number of studies have shown that ACE2 can reverse myocardial injury in various cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) as well as is exert anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anti-apoptotic and anticardiomyocyte fibrosis effects by regulating transforming growth factor beta, mitogen-activated protein kinases, calcium ions in cells and other major pathways. The ACE2/angiotensin-(1-7)/Mas receptor axis plays a decisive role in the cardiovascular system to combat the negative effects of the ACE/angiotensin II/angiotensin II type 1 receptor axis. However, the underlying mechanism of ACE2 in cardiac protection remains unclear. Some approaches for enhancing ACE2 expression in CVDs have been suggested, which may provide targets for the development of novel clinical therapies. In this review, we aimed to identify and summarize the role of ACE2 in CVDs. 相似文献