A review of selected South- and East Asian Tanytarsus v.d. Wulp (Diptera: Chironomidae)

Male and pupa of Tanytarsus calorifontis sp. n. are described. Diagnoses, hypopygium drawings for the examined species and distribution are given for: Tanytarsus akantertiusSasa & Kamimura, T. angulatus Kawai, T. atagoensis Tokunaga,T. bathophilusKieffer, T. boninensis Tokunaga, T. formosae (Kieffer), T. formosanusKieffer, T. infundibulusChaudhuri & Datta, T. kikuchiiSasa, Kawai & Ueno, T. konishii Sasa & Kawai, T. mcmillani Freeman, T. mendax Kieffer, T. miyakobrevis Sasa & Hasegawa, T. monstrosus Chaudhuri et al., T. ogasaquartus Sasa & Suzuki, T. ogasatertius Sasa & Suzuki, T. okuboi Sasa & Kikuchi, T. oscillans Johannsen, T. ovatus Johannsen, T. oyamai Sasa, T. pollexus Chaudhuri & Datta, T. shouautumnalis Sasa, T. shoudigitatus Sasa, T. takahashii Kawai & Sasa, T. tamaundecimus Sasa, T. tonebeceus Sasa & Tanaka, T. tusimatneousSasa & Suzuki, T. unagiseptimus Sasa, T. uraiensis Tokunaga, T. yakuheiusSasa & Suzuki and T. yunosecundus Sasa. Tanytarsus ikiefeus Sasa & Suzuki is a new junior synonym of T. konishii. Tanytarsus ikifegeus Sasa & Suzuki, T. miyakoflavus Sasa & Hasegawa,T. oyabepallidus Sasa, Kawai & Ueno, T. simantoopeus Sasa et al. and T. tusimatheius Sasa & Suzuki are new junior synonyms of T. okuboi. Tanytarsus nippogregarius Sasa & Kamimura is a new junior synonym of T. bathophilus. Tanytarsus cultellus Chaudhuri & Datta and T. sibafegeus Sasa et al. are new junior synonyms of T. oscillans.Tanytarsus insulus (Guha et al., 1985) is a new junior synonym of T. ovatus. Tanytarsus sakishimanus Sasa & Hasegawa, T. vinculus Chaudhuri et al., T. parvistylus Chaudhuri & Datta, T. fusciabdominalis Guha et al. and T. euformosanus Kikuchi & Sasa are new junior synonyms of T. formosanus. Tanytarsus tsutaprimus Sasa, T. tokarajekeus Sasa & Suzuki, T. tusimatlemeus Sasa & Suzuki, T. tusimatopeus Sasa & Suzuki and T. yakugeheuus Sasa & Suzuki are new junior synonyms of T. shouautumnalis. Tanytarsus togasiroidus Sasa & Okazawa is a new junior synonym of T. shoudigitatus. Tanytarsus tusimatjekeus Sasa & Suzuki and T. tusimatkeleus Sasa & Suzuki are new junior synonyms of T. akantertius, and Tanytarsus tusimatpequeus Sasa & Suzuki is a new junior synonym of T. tusimatneous. Virgatanytarsus toganiveus (Sasa & Okazawa), Cladotanytarsus utonaiquartus (Sasa) and Zavrelia tusimatijeus (Sasa & Suzuki), all previously placed in Tanytarsus, are new combinations.     

Human trachea primary epithelial cells express both sialyl(α2-3)Gal receptor for human parainfluenza virus type 1 and avian influenza viruses, and sialyl(α2-6)Gal receptor for human influenza viruses

We reported previously that the dominant receptors of influenza A and B viruses, and human and murine respiroviruses, were sialylglycoproteins and gangliosides containing monosialo-lactosamine type I-and II-residues, such as sialic acid-α2-3(6)-Galβ1-3(4)-GlcNAcβ1-. In addition, the Siaα2-3Gal linkage was predominantly recognized by avian and horse influenza viruses, and human parainfluenza virus type 1 (hPIV-1), whereas the Siaα2-6Gal linkage was mainly recognized by human influenza viruses (Paulson JC in “The Receptors' [Conn M Ed] 2, 131–219 (1985); Suzuki Y, Prog Lipid Res 33, 429–57 (1994); Ito T, J Virol 73, 6743–51 (2000); Suzuki Y, J Virol 74, 11825–31 (2000); Suzuki T, J. Virol 75, 4604–4613 (2001); Suzuki Y, Biol. Pharm. Bull. 28, 399–408 (2005)). To clarify the distribution of influenza virus receptors on the human bronchial epithelium cell surface, we investigated a primary culture of normal human bronchial epithelial (NHBE) cells using two types of lectin (MAA and SNA), which recognize sialyl linkages (α2-3 and α2-6), using fluorescence-activated cell-sorting analysis. The results showed that both α2-3- and α2-6-linked Sias were expressed on the surface of primary human bronchial epithelial cells. The cells infected by hPIV-1 bound to MAA, confirming that cells targeted by hPIV-1 have α2-3-linked oligosaccharides. We also compared the ability of hPIV-1 and human influenza A virus to infect primary human bronchial epithelial cells pre-treated with Siaα2-3Gal-specific sialidase from Salmonella typhimurium. No difference was observed in the number of sialidase pre-treated and non-treated cells infected with human influenza A virus, which binds to Siaα2-6Gal-linked oligosaccharides. By contrast, the number of cells infected with hPIV-1 decreased significantly upon sialidase treatment. Thus, cultured NHBE cells showed both α2-3-linked Sias recognized by hPIV-1 and avian influenza virus receptors, and α2-6-linked Sias recognized by human influenza virus receptors.     

Fossil woods from Janggi Group (Early Miocene) in Pohang Basin,Korea

Sixty-four silicified fossil woods were collected from the Early Miocene Upper Coal-bearing Formation of Janggi Group in Pohang City, the Korean Peninsula. Out of them 23 specimens were identified as gymnosperms and 27 specimens as dicotyledons. The taxa identified include Picea palaeomaximowiczii Watari, Taxodioxylon cunninghamioides (Watari) Watari, T. sequoianum (Merckl.) Gothan, Fagus hondoensis (Watari) Watari, Cercidiphyllum sp., Camellia japonoxyla Suzuki et Terada, Distylium chiharu-hirayae Suzuki et Terada, Aesculus sp., Wataria miocenica (Watari) Terada et Suzuki and W. parvipora Terada et Suzuki. All of these species are reported for the first time from the Tertiary basins of Korea. Compared with those of the Miocene Formations in Japan, most taxa we found are common between the paleo-floras in Korea and Japan during the Early to Middle Miocene.     

Fossil wood flora of the early Miocene Nawamata formation of Monzen,Noto Peninsula,central Japan

Silicified wood collected from the Lower Miocene Nawamata Formation at two localities, Nakaya and Nigoriike, Monzen-machi, Noto Peninsula, central Japan, were identified. Among the 58 specimens there are two species of conifers and eleven species of dicotyledons:Taxodioxylon cunninghamioides (Watari) Watari andT. sequoianum (Merckl.) Gothan (both Taxodiaceae),Carya protojaponica Watari (Juglandaceae),Pterocarya rhoifolia Siebold et Zucc. (Juglandaceae),Ostrya monzenensis sp. nov. (Betulaceae),Quercus anataiensis (Watari) Watari (Fagaceae),Liquidambar hisauchii comb. nov. (Hamamelidaceae),Prunus iwatense (Watari) Takahashi et Suzuki (Rosaceae),Gleditsia paleojaponica comb. nov. (Leguminosae),Acer watarianum Takahashi et Suzuki (Aceraceae),Meliosma mio-oldhami sp. nov. (Sabiaceae),Reevesia miocenica Watari (Sterculiaceae), andFraxinus notoensis sp. nov. (Oleaceae). The fossil wood floras at the two localities are compared to the Daijima Flora, and warm-and/or cool-temperate mesic forests are suggested to occur in the Early Miocene of Monzen.     

Correlation between pathogenicity and molecular characteristics in the willow leaf rusts <Emphasis Type="Italic">Melampsora epitea</Emphasis> and <Emphasis Type="Italic">M. humilis</Emphasis> in Japan

 We studied the correlation between pathogenicity and restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) type, which was determined by polymerase chain reaction-based RFLP analysis of the internal transcribed spacer regions of ribosomal DNA, in the willow leaf rust fungi Melampsora epitea and M. humilis. Eighteen clones of eight Salix species were inoculated with urediniospores from seven collections of the two rust species. M. epitea and M. humilis (RFLP type-5 collections) were pathogenic to six to eight Salix species. RFLP type-7 collections of M. epitea were pathogenic to only two Salix species. The taxonomic relationships of the two rust species are discussed. Received: December 11, 2002 / Accepted: February 17, 2003 RID="*" ID="*" Contribution no. 179, Laboratory of Plant Parasitic Mycology, Institute of Agriculture and Forestry, University of Tsukuba, Japan Acknowledgments We thank K. Katsuya, former professor at the University of Tsukuba, for his encouragement in this study. We are also grateful to M. Yashima, Botanical Garden, University of Tohoku, for his assistance in collecting materials and to R. Suzuki, University of Tsukuba, for providing a rust isolate.     

Forest succession in the subalpine region of Mt. Fuji,Japan

Subalpine forest succession was studied on Mt. Fuji, Japan, where various types of forests in different successional phases occur owing to volcanic action. Ninety stands were subjected to ordination using an index (SI) defined by the relative basal area and the life span of component woody species, and the cover of canopy layer of the sample stands. Two different sequences of sample stands were found. One was from deciduous scrubs, through Larix kaempferi forests and Abies forests, to Tsuga diversifolia forests, and the other from Abies-Tsuga thickets to Abies forests. Through analyses of the forest structure and composition, soil survey and identification of fallen logs, the former sequence was recognized as the primary sere and the latter as a regeneration sere following gap formation. During forest succession, basal area reached a maximum in the seral phase with a multi-layered structure. The Tsuga forests, whose understory is restricted to a moss layer, were regarded as the climax. The death or fall of Tsuga stems resulted in gaps, which were subsequently occupied by Abies-Tsuga thickets. The second Abies forests were distinguished from the ones in the primary sere by the occurrence of Dryopteris and Cacalia and the lack of Rhododendron in the understorey. Both Abies forest types included Tsuga saplings. Thus, a cyclic relation is supposed between Abies and Tsuga.Nomenclature follows Ohwi (1975) and Nakaike (1982) for vascular plants, Iwatsuki & Noguchi (1973) for mosses, Inoue (1981) for hepaticae, Kashiwadani (1981) for lichens, respectively. Abies veitchii, A. mariesii were lumped as Abies spp.I wish to express my sincere gratitude to Prof. Toshio Hamaya, Tokyo, for the cordial guidance and encouragement. I also thank Prof. M. Numata and Dr. M. Ohsawa, Chiba, Prof. K. Okutomi, Tokyo, Dr. K. Suzuki, Tokyo, Dr. M. Suzuki, Kanazawa, and Mr. H. Taoda, Kumamoto, for their valuable advice and discussions.     

Reduction of Aluminum Toxicity by 2-Isopropylmalic Acid in the Budding Yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae

The budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae secretes 2-isopropylmalic acid (2-iPMA), an intermediate in leucine biosynthesis. Because 2-iPMA binds Al(III) in the culture medium, it is thought to reduce toxicity by Al(III). The effects of 2-iPMA and malic acid (MA) on Al toxicity were investigated in a medium with a low pH and low concentrations of phosphates and magnesium. The reduction in the growth of S. cerevisiae observed in the presence of 100 μM Al(III) ions was relieved more by the addition of 1.0 mM 2-iPMA than by 1.0 mM MA, indicating that 2-iPMA possesses superior Al(III)-ion detoxification ability. Investigations using the wild type and the Δleu4 and Δleu9 mutant strains indicated that secretion of a sufficient level of 2-iPMA was required to enhance the Al tolerance. It is thought that 2-iPMA secreted from the yeast cells chelates Al ions and prevents them from entering the cells, resulting in Al tolerance. Suzuki and Tamura contributed equally to this work.     

Genetic evidence for a complex of species within Rugopharynx australis (Mönnig, 1926) (Nematoda: Stronglyloidea) from macropodid marsupials

An electrophoretic analysis using 17 enzyme loci was carried out on specimens of the gastric nematode of macropodid marsupials, Rugopharynx australis (Mönnig, 1926), collected from Macropus eugenii (Desmarest), M. fuliginosus (Desmarest), M. giganteus Shaw, M. robustus Gould, M. rufogriseus (Desmarest), M. rufus (Desmarest), Thylogale billardierii (Desmarest) and Wallabia bicolor (Desmarest) from south-eastern Australia. The extent of fixed genetic differences between nematodes from different host species ranged from 0–53%. The two distinct morphological forms of the parasite found in M. rufogriseus differed at 50% of loci. Specimens present in M. fuliginosus and M. giganteus were indistinguishable genetically, as were nematodes from M. rufus and M. robustus. Of the two morphologically distinct congeners included in the analysis as controls, Rugopharynx epsilon (Johnston & Mawson, 1939) was genetically distinct (46–69% fixed genetic differences) from all specimens of the R. australis complex while R. rufogrisea Magzoub, 1964 was closely related to one of the two species occuring in M. rufogriseus. It was concluded that R. australis is a species complex, with a genetically distinct species present in M. eugenii, M. fuliginosus/M. giganteus, M. robustus/M. rufus, W. bicolor and T. billardierii, and two species in M. rufogriseus.     

浙江省分布1新记录科——霉草科

报道了中国浙江省种子植物区系1新记录科,含1新记录属和2新记录种,即霉草科(Triuridaceae)喜荫草属(Sciaphila),大柱霉草(Sciaphila secundiflora Thwait.ex Benth.)和多枝霉草(S.ramosa Fukuyama et Suzuki)。凭证标本存放于浙江自然博物馆标本室(ZM)。     

Amino acid sequence of the coelomic C globin from the sea cucumber Caudina (Molpadia) arenicola.

The sequence of a globin from a marine invertebrate, the sea cucumberCaudina (Molpadia) arenicola (Echinodermata), is reported. This globin, chain C, is one of four major globins found in coelomic red cells in this organism and is the second to be sequenced. Chain C consists of 157 residues, is amino-terminally acetylated, and has an extended amino-terminal region. This globin shares a 60% sequence identity with the other sequencedC. arenicola globin, D chain (Mauriet al., Biochem. Biophys. Acta 1078, 63–67, 1991), but has a 93.6% identity with a globin from another sea cucumber,Paracaudina chilensis (Suzuki,Biochem. Biophys. Acta, 998, 292–296, 1989).     

藻寄生环足摇蚊亚属东洋区首次记录 （双翅目：摇蚊科）

首次记录产自东洋区的环足摇蚊属藻寄生环足摇蚊亚属,并依据中国标本对该亚属的洛格环足摇蚊Cricotopus(Nostocoladius)lygropis Edwards进行了重新描述,编制了世界本亚属雄成虫分种检索表。经检视模式标本和核对原始描述,将Cricotopus(Nostocoladius)seiryuabeus Sasa,SuzukiSakai(1998)处理为Cricotopus(Nostocoladius)lygropis的次异名。     

The freshwater palaemonid prawns (Crustacea: Decapoda: Caridea) of Myanmar

The taxonomy of the palaemonid freshwater prawns of Myanmar is reviewed and 19 species are recorded. These belong to three genera, with 17 species of Macrobrachium, one species of Palaemonetes and one species of Leptocarpus. The identities of Palaemon spinipes birmanicus Schenkel, 1902, and Palaemon naso Kemp, 1918, are clarified with both recognised as distinct taxa. The taxonomy of several poorly known species of Macrobrachium,viz. M. villosimanus (Tiwari, 1949), M. peguense (Tiwari, 1952), M. hendersoni (De Man, 1906) and M. platyrostrum (Tiwari, 1952) is revised and discussed. Five species are reported from Myanmar for the first time, viz. Macrobrachium lamarrei (H. Milne-Edwards, 1837), M. dayanum (Henderson, 1893), M. lanchesteri (De Man, 1911), M. nipponense (De Haan, 1894), and Palaemonetes sinensis (Sollaud, 1911). One new species, Macrobrachium lanatum, which is closely allied to M. scabriculum (Heller, 1862) and M. dolichodactylus (Hilgendorf, 1879), is described and figured.     

Nontubercular Mycobacteria in drinking water of some educational institutes in Jabalpur (M.P.), India

Sixteen isolates of Nontubercular Mycobacteria species were isolated from drinking water supply of some educational institutes in Jabalpur during July 2006 and were identified by biochemical test, thin layer chromatography (TLC) and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis and PRA ( PCR restriction enzyme analysis) of rpoB gene. Out of 21 water samples total 16 isolates of nontuberculous mycobacteria were identified, as M. terrae (6), M. szulgai (4), M. gordonae (3), and one each as M. malmoense, M. kansasii, and M. gastri.     

Occurrence of Meloidogyne spp. in Cerrado Vegetations and Reaction of Native Plants to Meloidogyne javanica

The Cerrado biome represents a hotspot of biodiversity. Despite this, the nematofauna in this biome has not been well characterized, especially that related to root‐knot nematodes. This work aimed to identify Meloidogyne species present in different cerrado vegetations and to investigate potential hosts of Meloidogyne javanica in this biome. Soil samples (250) were collected in native areas of cerrado vegetation located at the National Park of Brasília (PNB) (125 samples) and Água Limpa Farm (FAL) (125 samples), and transferred to sterile pots. Single tomato plants cv. Santa Clara (susceptible) were transplanted into individual pots and maintained for 90 days under glasshouse. Females of Meloidogyne spp. were extracted from tomato roots and identified based upon esterase phenotypes and confirmed with PCR using specific sequence characterized amplified regions (SCAR) primers. Native plants were inoculated with 10 000 individuals (eggs + J2) of a pure culture of M. javanica and maintained under glasshouse for 6 months. From the 250 samples collected, 57 (22.8%) presented Meloidogyne spp. A total of 66 Meloidogyne populations were identified as follows: M. javanica (75.76%), M. incognita (10.60%), M. hapla (9.1%), M. morocciensis (3.03%) and M. arenaria (1.51%). The following esterase phenotypes were detected: M. javanica (J3 and J2), M. incognita (I1 and I2), M. hapla (H1), M. morocciensis (A3) and M. arenaria (A2). The SCAR primers incK14F/incK14R, Fjav/Rjav and Fh/Rh amplified specific fragments in M. incognita (399 bp), M. javanica (670 bp) and M. hapla (610 bp) and can be used for identification of indigenous Meloidogyne spp. from cerrado. The primer set Far/Rar is not specific for M. arenaria due to the amplification of DNA in M. morocciensis. Mimosa caesalpiniifolia was the only native plant in which M. javanica developed a high reproductive rate, and it is probably a host for this nematode in cerrado.     

Abalone myoglobins evolved from indoleamine dioxygenase: The cDNA-derived amino acid sequence of myoglobin fromNordotis madaka

The cDNA for the unusual 41 kD myoglobin of the abaloneNordotis madaka was amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and the cDNA-derived amino acid sequence of 378 residues was determined. As with the myoglobin of the related abaloneSulculus diversicolor (Suzuki and Takagi,J. Mol. Biol. 228, 698–700, 1992), the sequence ofNordotis myoglobin showed no significant homology with any other globins, but showed high homology (35% identity) with vertebrate indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase, a tryptophan degrading enzyme containing heme. The amino acid sequence homology betweenNordotis andSulculus myoglobins was 87%. These results support our previous idea that the abalone myoglobins evolved from a gene for indoleamine dioxygenase, but not from a globin gene, and therefore all of the hemoglobins and myoglobins are not homologous. Thus, abalone myoglobins appear to be a typical case of convergent evolution.     

A note on the tangle model for DNA recombination

The tangle model developed by Ernst and Sumners provides a rigorous framework to study processive DNA recombination. We suggest here a slight modification of that model. The tangle equations become:

Molecular systematics and phylogeny of the ‘Marbled Whites' (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae,Satyrinae, Melanargia Meigen)

Abstract. We investigated genetic divergence and phylogenetic relationships amongst all known species of Palaearctic butterflies of the genus Melanargia using sequence information from three genes [mitochondrial cox1 barcode region (658 bp), ribosomal 16S rRNA (c. 518 bp), and nuclear wg (404 bp)]. Results show a lack of DNA divergence among several poorly characterized taxa, as well as deep divergences within and between others. We corroborated the molecular information with morphological and genitalic characters as well as with geographic data. We revise the taxonomy of Melanargia, and propose a new systematic scheme for the group. We revive some previous synonymies (M. lucasi meadwaldoi stat. rev. , M. ines fathme stat. rev. , M. ines jahandiezi stat. rev. , M. meridionalis tapaishanensis stat. rev. ), revise the status of some subspecies into species (M. transcaspica stat. nov. , M. lucida stat. nov. , M. wiskotti stat. nov. ) and of several species into subspecies of other taxa (M. evartianae sadjadii stat. nov. , M. larissa hylata stat. nov. , M. larissa grumi stat. nov. , M. larissa syriaca stat. nov. , M. larissa titea stat. nov. , M. lugens montana stat. nov. , M. epimede ganymedes stat. nov. ), revise the status of subspecies and transfer them to other species (M. larissa lorestanensis stat. nov. , M. larissa iranica stat. nov. , M. larissa karabagi stat. rev. , M. larissa kocaki stat. nov. , M. transcaspica eberti stat. nov. ), and propose new synonymies (M. larissa titea = M. titea standfussi syn. nov. = M. titea titania syn. nov. , M. leda leda = M. leda yunnana syn. nov. , M. lugens lugens = M. lugens ahyoui syn. nov. , M. lugens hengshanensis = M. lugens hoenei syn. nov. , M. halimede halimede = M. halimede gratiani syn. nov. , M. asiatica asiatica = M. asiatica dejeani syn. nov. , = M. asiatica elisa syn. nov. , = M. asiatica sigberti syn. nov. ).     

Role of host‐plant selection in resistance of wild Solanum species to Macrosiphum euphorbiae and Myzus persicae

Damage to potatoes by Macrosiphum euphorbiae (Thomas) and Myzus persicae (Sulzer) (both Hemiptera: Aphididae) can be controlled through plant resistance. We used ethological experiments and electric penetration graph (EPG) analysis to evaluate the role of host selection in the previously assessed resistance levels of Solanum accessions: Solanum circaeifolium Bitter subsp. capsicibaccatum (Cárdenas) (PI210036), S. chomatophilum Bitter (PI243340 and PI310990), S. okadae Hawkes & Hjert. (PI458367), S. oplocense Hawkes (PI473368), S. pinnatisectum Dunal (PI186553), S. polyadenium Greenm. (PI230463), S. tarijense Hawkes (PI414150), and S. trifidum Correll (PI255538), to M. euphorbiae and M. persicae. Through multivariate analysis, we grouped behavioural variables into factors, which we related to host selection behaviours, and then evaluated whether factors varied between each accession and the susceptible S. tuberosum. None of the factors obtained by ethological experiments differed among accessions. Four of six and three of five factors obtained through EPG varied among accessions for M. euphorbiae and M. persicae, respectively, and were used to suggest resistance characteristics. The resistance to M. persicae of both S. chomatophilum accessions was associated with pathway activity disturbance. Solanum tarijense and S. polyadenium resistance to M. persicae resulted from leaf surface characteristics, which may be trichomes. Solanum oplocense and S. trifidum resistance to M. euphorbiae resulted from the wound response system, whereas S. pinnatisectum resistance may stem from nutritionally unbalanced or toxic phloem sap. Solanum polyadenium resistance to M. euphorbiae was phloem‐based. Solanum circaeifolium ssp. capsicibaccatum resistance to M. persicae, and the resistance of PI243340 S. chomatophilum and S. tarijense to M. euphorbiae were not related to host selection and therefore were presumably due to physiologically active compounds.     

Five new nomenclatural combinations in Dasymaschalon and Goniothalamus (Annonaceae)

Three new nomenclatural combinations are validated in Dasymaschalon (Annonaceae), with the elevation of varietal names to the specific rank: D. longiusculum (Bân) Jing Wang & R. M. K. Saunders, D. megalanthum (Merr.) Jing Wang & R. M. K. Saunders, and D. minutiflorum (Nurmawati) Jing Wang & R. M. K. Saunders. New nomenclatural combinations are furthermore validated in Goniothalamus (Annonaceae), following the successful conservation of the generic name over Richella. Two species names in Richella are here transferred to Goniothalamus as G. monospermus (A. Gray) R. M. K. Saunders and G. obtusatus (Baill.) R. M. K. Saunders.     

Bacteriochlorin‐bis(spermine) conjugate affords an effective photodynamic action to eradicate microorganisms

A novel bacteriochlorin bearing two spermine units ( BCS ) was synthesized from 3,13‐dibromo‐8,8,18,18‐tetramethylbacteriochlorin ( BC‐Br ^3,13 ). The synthesis involved the Suzuki coupling of BC‐Br ^3,13 to obtain a bacteriochlorin‐dibenzaldehyde ( BCA ), which was subjected to reductive amination with spermine. The resulting bacteriochlorin BCS presents a strong near‐infrared absorption band at 747 nm, emits at 750 nm with fluorescence quantum yield of 0.14, and generates singlet molecular oxygen, O₂(¹Δ_g), with a quantum yield of 0.27. Photokilling capacities mediated by BCS were evaluated in microbial cells. The viability of Staphylococcus aureus decreased 7 logs when cells were incubated with 1 μM BCS and irradiated for 15 minutes. Comparable photocytotoxic effect was obtained with Escherichia coli, when cells were treated for 30 minutes with visible light. BCS was also an effective photosensitizer to inactivate Candida albicans. In addition, this bacteriochlorin was able to eradicate bacteria at short incubation times. The structure of BCS contains eight basic amino groups that, when protonated in water, increase the binding to the cell envelope. In summary, the readily accessible bacteriochlorin BCS was highly effective at low concentrations as a broad‐spectrum antimicrobial photosensitizer.