姬松茸原生质体形成和再生的研究

报道了溶壁酶系统、酶浓度、不同菌龄、脱壁促进剂、渗透压稳定剂和酶解温度对姬松茸原生质体释放率及不同再生培养基、渗稳剂种类、菌丝酶解时间和单双层平板对原生质体再生的影响。结果表明 ,菌龄为3～ 5d的菌丝以 1.5 %溶壁酶、0 .5 %蜗牛酶和 0 .5 %纤维素酶组成的酶系统在 30℃以KCl为渗透压稳定剂时 ,形成率为 1.4～ 1.5ⅹ 10 7/mL酶液 ;以蔗糖为渗透压稳定剂 ,菌丝酶解 1.5～ 3h ,以SMY和MYP为再生培养基 ,姬松茸原生质体再生率为 1.1‰～ 1.3‰。     

丝状真菌AL18的原生质体制备和再生条件的优化

目的:为了建立起产苝醌类光敏剂丝状真菌AL18原生质体制备和再生体系。方法:采用单因素实验法研究了预处理方式、渗透压稳定剂和酶解条件对原生质体制备率和再生率的影响。结果:原生质体制备及再生的最佳条件是用0.3%的β-巯基乙醇预处理15 min,酶解液以0.6 mol/L的MgSO4·7H2O作为渗透压稳定剂,0.02 mol/L的磷酸盐缓冲液pH值为5.8,纤维素酶:蜗牛酶=2:3,酶的总浓度为15mg/mL,36℃酶解2h;以0.6mol/L的蔗糖作为再生培养基的渗透压稳定剂。结论:原生质体的制备率和再生率可分别达到1.42×107/mL和3.2%。     

木耳属种间杂交技术研究 Ⅰ.木耳菌丝原生质体的形成与再生

本文比较了不同酶液、渗透压稳定剂、酶解温室及菌丝培养基成份等因素对木耳属(Auricularia)中木耳(Auricularia auricula)和毛木耳(Auricularia polytricha)菌丝释放原生质体的作用及影响。用0.5%纤维素酶加0.5%蜗牛酶的混合酶液,以0.6M的MgSO_4为稳定剂,在34℃下可自两种菌丝体获得大量原生质体。对原生质体再生条件的研究表明,纤维二糖和菌丝体培养物浸提物对再生有明显促进作用,再生率达20%左右。本文还用VBL型荧光增白剂观察了菌丝脱壁以及原生质体细胞壁再生的过程。     

平菇原生质体制备与再生条件初探

平菇原生质体制备最佳条件是菌丝培养5 d、酶浓度1.5%、pH 5.5、0.6 mol/L甘露醇渗透压稳定剂、酶解温度30℃、酶解时间2 h、OS培养基。原生质体过滤、纯化、稀释后涂布再生培养基,再生率为2.6%。     

不同因素对金针菇原生质体制备和再生的影响

比较了不同浓度裂解酶及组合、渗透压稳定剂、酶解时间等因素对金针菇原生质体得率的影响以及不同渗透压稳定剂、培养基、接种方法等因素对金针菇原生质体再生的影响。试验结果表明:固体培养10d的金针菇菌丝,以0.5mol/L KCl作渗透压稳定剂,加入1%纤维素酶和1%溶菌酶在25℃下酶解1.5h,分离原生质体效果最佳,原生质体产量可达27.8×105个/ml以上;以0.5mol/L KCl作渗透压稳定剂,在25℃条件下,金针菇原生质体采用直接涂布法接种在RCM培养基上培养,再生率最高为0.5%。     

木耳属种间杂交技术研究*I．木耳菌丝原生质体的形成与再生

本文比较了不同酶液、渗透压稳定剂、酶解媪度及菌丝培养基成份等因素对木耳属(Auricularia)中木耳(Auricularia auricula)和毛木耳(Auricularia polytricha)菌丝释放原生质体的作用及影响。用0.5％纤维素酶加0.5％蜗牛酶的混鸯酶液,以0.6M的MgSO4为稳定剂,在34℃下可自两种菌丝体获得大量原生质体。对原生质体再生条件的研究表明,纤维二糖和菌丝体培养物浸提物对再生有明显促进作用,再生率达20％左右。本文还用VBL型荧光增白剂观察了菌丝脱壁以及原生质体细胞壁再生的过程。     

赤芝原生质体分离与再生研究

以赤芝(Ganoderma lucidum)为供试菌种,研究了不同酶解温度、酶解时间、渗透压稳定剂浓度及菌龄、再生培养基等对赤芝菌丝的原生质体制备与再生的影响。结果表明:菌龄为4 d的菌丝,以0.4 mol/m L的甘露醇作渗透压稳定剂配制成浓度为0.02 g/m L的溶壁酶,于p H 5.0、25℃条件下酶解2.0 h,其原生质体数最高可达3.87×107/m L,MYG再生培养基上再生率达到0.016%。     

轮梗霉原生质体的制备*

本文比较了酶浓度、菌龄、渗透压稳定剂以及酶解温度和时间等因素对轮梗霉原生质体得率的影响。结果基本获得了制备原生质体的适宜条件:用0.6mol/L甘露醇稳渗剂配制成的4%纤维素酶和0.5%蜗牛酶混合酶,35℃酶解培养了30h的菌丝1.0h,即可得到较高产量的原生质体。对该原生质体进行了再生实验,其再生率约为23.8%。     

γ—亚麻酸生产菌深黄被孢霉原生质体的形成和再生

采用2％的溶壁酶加4％的蜗牛酶,从深黄被孢霉的菌丝中获得了大量的原生质体。同时对菌丝的培养时间、渗透压稳定剂、酶解系统和酶解温度等因素进行了系统的观察,从而获得了制备深黄被孢霉原生质体的最适条件。并对该原生质体在高渗培养基上进行了再生实验,其再生率为32％。     

γ-亚麻酸生产菌深黄被孢霉原生质作的形成和再生

采用2％的溶壁酶加4％的蜗牛酶,从深黄被孢霉的菌丝中获得了大量的原生质体。同时对菌丝的培养时间、渗透压稳定剂、酶解系统和酶解温度等因素进行了系统的观察,从而获得了制备深黄被孢霉原生质体的最适条件。并对该原生质体在高渗培养基上进行了再生实验,其再生率为32％。     

Recent advances in the study of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus replication and pathogenesis

It has now been over twenty years since a novel herpesviral genome was identified in Kaposi's sarcoma biopsies. Since then, the cumulative research effort by molecular biologists, virologists, clinicians, and epidemiologists alike has led to the extensive characterization of this tumor virus, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus(KSHV; also known as human herpesvirus 8(HHV-8)), and its associated diseases. Here we review the current knowledge of KSHV biology and pathogenesis, with a particular emphasis on new and exciting advances in the field of epigenetics. We also discuss the development and practicality of various cell culture and animal model systems to study KSHV replication and pathogenesis.     

The structure, reproduction and taxonomy of Vidalia and Osmundaria (Rhodophyta, Rhodomelaceae)

Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera.     

New or rare chromosome counts in Artemisia L. (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) and related genera from Kazakhstan

Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and Turaniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x = 9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted.     

肝癌中HBV和HCV基因和抗原的分布及意义

采用原位分子杂交方法检测HCV RNA及HBV X基因;采用免疫组织化学方法研究HCV核心抗原,非结构区C33c抗原及HBxAg在肝细胞肝癌中的定位及分布.结果表明(1)HCV RNA、HBV X基因在肝细胞肝癌组织检出率分别为40%(55/136)和82%(112/136).HCV RNA定位于癌细胞的胞浆内,阳性细胞呈散在、灶状及弥漫分布三种形式;HBV X基因在肝癌细胞中的分布呈胞浆型、核型及核浆型,阳性细胞也呈上述三种分布形式;(2)HCV C33c抗原、核心抗原在肝细胞肝癌中的阳性率为81%(133/164)及86%(141/164).C33c抗原定位于癌细胞及肝细胞的胞浆内;核心抗原既定位于癌细胞核中,又可定位于胞浆中.C33c抗原阳性细胞以灶状分布为主;而核心抗原阳性细     

Selection with two alleles and complete dominance

For a plant selection model with frequency-independent viabilities, fertilities and selfing rates, it is shown that apart from global fixation, for certain parameter combinations a protected polymorphism and facultative fixation (either allele may become fixed according to initial frequencies) may both occur. Facultative fixation requires different selling rates for the dominant and recessive type. Protection of the polymorphism requires resource allocation for male and female function. In this connection the problem of purely genetically caused population extinction is discussed.
For general frequency dependence and regular segregation, the chances for establishment of a completely recessive gene are compared to those of a completely dominant gene. It is proven that the process of establishment of the recessive gene, despite a fitness advantage, may be considerably endangered by drift effects if random mating prevails. The recessive gene may reach the same effectivity in establishment as a dominant gene, only if the recessive homozygote mates exclusively with its own type during the period of establishment.