靶向PUMA的siRNA对缺氧/复氧诱导大鼠心肌细胞凋亡的保护作用

为探讨p53上调凋亡调制物(p53 up-regulated modulator of apoptosis,PUMA)在大鼠心肌细胞缺氧/复氧(hypoxia/reoxygenatio,H/R)损伤中的作用,本研究将靶向PUMA的siRNA(si-PUMA)转染大鼠心肌细胞以建立PUMA沉默表达模型,观察其对心肌细胞H/R损伤的影响.RT-PCR和Western印迹结果表明,最适转染浓度50 nmol/L si-PUMA能靶向抑制H/R损伤心肌细胞的PUMA表达;MTT法检测心肌细胞存活率及培养基乳酸脱氢酶(lactate dehydrogenase,LDH)活性测定结果发现,si-PUMA组细胞存活率较H/R 6 h模型组明显提高,培养液中LDH活性显著降低(P<0.01);分光光度法及Annexin V-FITC/PI联合染色流式细胞凋亡检测结果显示,si-PUMA组caspase-3活性较H/R 6h组明显下调,细胞凋亡率明显降低(P<0.01);RT-PCR结果提示,与H/R6 h组相比,si-PUMA组Bax及Bcl-2表达分别出现显著下调及上调(P<0.05).以上结果表明,靶向PUMA的siRN...     

籽瓜多糖对H_2O_2致PC12细胞氧化损伤的保护作用

本文研究了籽瓜多糖(SWP)对H2O2致PC12细胞氧化应激损伤的影响及其机制。通过建立H2O2诱导PC12细胞氧化损伤模型,CCK-8法测定细胞存活率;硫辛酰胺脱氢酶催化的INT显色反应检测乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)释放量,DCFH-DA检测细胞内ROS;ELISA法检测8-OHd G;JC-1染色检测细胞线粒体膜电位;利用caspase-3可以催化底物Ac-DEVD-p NA的反应检测caspase-3活性;应用caspase-9催化特异性底物Ac-LEHDp NA检测caspase-9活性。结果显示:过氧化氢组与对照组相比,终浓度为500μmol/L H2O2作用细胞24 h后,细胞活力显著下降(P0.01);LDH释放量和细胞内ROS增加(P0.01);8-OHd G含量上升(P0.01);线粒体膜电位下降(P0.01);caspase-3和caspase-9活性增强(P0.01)。与H2O2损伤组相比,不同剂量的SWP预处理后,能显著改善H2O2引起的上述指标的变化(P0.05)。由此得出:SWP对H2O2诱导的PC12细胞的氧化损伤具有一定的保护作用。     

大鼠心肌细胞凋亡的保护作用

为探讨p53上调凋亡调制物(p53 up-regulated modulator of apoptosis, PUMA)在大鼠心肌细胞缺氧/复氧（hypoxia/reoxygenatio, H/R）损伤中的作用,本 研究将靶向PUMA的siRNA（si-PUMA）转染大鼠心肌细胞以建立PUMA沉默表达模型,观察其对心肌细胞H/R损伤的影响.RT-PCR和Western印迹结果表明,最适转染浓度50 nmol/L si-PUMA能靶向抑制H/R损伤心肌细胞的PUMA表达;MTT法检测心肌细胞存活率及培养基乳酸脱氢酶（lactate dehydrogenase, LDH）活性测定结果发现,si-PUMA 组细胞存活率较H/R 6 h模型组明显提高,培养液中LDH活性显著降低（P<0.01）;分光光度法及Annexin V-FITC/PI联合染色流式细胞凋亡检测结果显示,si-PUMA组caspase-3活性较H/R 6h组明显下调,细胞凋亡率明显降低（P <0.01）;RT-PCR结果 提示,与H/R 6 h组相比,si-PUMA组Bax及Bcl-2表达分别出现显著下调及上调（P <0.05）.以上结果表明,靶向PUMA的siRNA转染能明显增强心肌细胞耐受H/R损伤的能力,对心肌细胞具有较好的保护作用;PUMA介导H/R诱导的心肌细胞凋亡,是心肌缺血/再灌注损伤基因治疗的一个潜在靶点.     

美洲大蠊油脂对过氧化氢诱导SH-SY5Y细胞氧化损伤的保护作用

采用人神经母细胞瘤(SH-SY5Y)细胞,建立过氧化氢(H2O2)诱导的氧化损伤模型,加入H2O2前用美洲大蠊油脂(100、200、400、800、1000μg/m L)预处理,通过MTS法检测细胞存活率,比色法检测细胞乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)漏出率,相关试剂盒检测细胞内超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)系列抗氧化酶的活性,以及脂质过氧化物丙二醛(MDA)含量的变化,从细胞水平研究美洲大蠊油脂对氧化损伤细胞的保护作用,并初步探讨其作用机制。实验结果显示,与对照组相比,模型组细胞存活率明显降低,LDH漏出率明显增加,胞内SOD、GSH-Px活性显著降低,MDA含量增多。与模型组相比,美洲大蠊油脂(800、1000μg/m L)能显著增强细胞SOD(P0.01)、GSH-Px(P0.05)活性,降低MDA含量(P0.05),使得细胞存活率显著提高(P0.01),LDH漏出率降低(P0.01)。其中油脂的浓度与细胞存活率、SOD活性之间为正相关,与MDA含量为负相关,均呈现浓度依赖性。结果提示美洲大蠊油脂对H2O2所致SH-SY5Y细胞氧化损伤具有明显的保护作用,其作用机制可能与提高细胞SOD、GSH-Px活性,降低MDA含量从而增强细胞自身抗氧化能力有关。     

ERK1/2信号通路对黄芪苷Ⅳ抗H_2O_2诱导H9c2细胞氧化损伤的作用

目的:研究黄芪苷Ⅳ(AST)是否通过细胞外信号调节激酶1/2(ERK1/2)通路发挥对H2O2诱导的H9c2细胞氧化损伤的保护作用。方法:用200μmol/L的H2O2处理细胞6 h,采用MTT法检测细胞存活率,建立H2O2诱导的H9c2细胞氧化损伤模型;比色法测定细胞培养液中乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)活性、总超氧化物歧化酶(T-SOD)和锰超氧化物歧化酶(Mn-SOD)活力以及丙二醛(MDA)含量;Western blot检测H9c2细胞ERK1/2蛋白的磷酸化水平。结果:在H2O2浓度为200μmol/L作用6 h条件下,细胞存活率降低程度适中,实验结果重复性好,确定后续实验采用200μmol/L H2O2作用6 h建立模型。与H2O2组比较,10 mg/L及20 mg/L AST均显著提高细胞存活率(P<0.01),使细胞培养液中LDH活性显著降低(P<0.01),T-SOD及Mn-SOD活力显著提高(P<0.01),MDA含量显著降低(P<0.01)。10 mg/L及20 mg/L AST均显著增加H2O2损伤的H9c2细胞p-ERK1/2蛋白的表达(P<0.01),当用PD98059(ERK1/2的抑制剂...     

内皮素-1预处理对培养乳鼠心肌细胞低氧损伤的保护作用

实验观察了 0 0 1- 1nmol/L内皮素 1(ET 1)预处理对低氧孵育 ( 3 %O2 5 %CO2 ,12h)的培养乳鼠心肌细胞乳酸脱氢酶 (LDH)释放量、培养液上清超氧化物歧化酶 (SOD)活性以及丙二醛 (MDA)含量的影响。用Fluo 3 /AM负载培养的心肌细胞 ,在激光扫描共聚焦显微镜下监测急性低氧的心肌细胞 [Ca2 +]i 的变化和ET 1预处理对低氧所致 [Ca2 +]i 变化的影响。结果如下 :( 1)心肌细胞低氧孵育 12h后 ,培养液上清LDH活力和MDA含量较常氧对照组明显升高 ,分别为 43 3 3± 1 2 1U/Lvs 19 3 3± 1 0 3U/L和 1 71± 0 0 2nmol/Lvs 0 91± 0 0 3nmol/L (P<0 0 1) ,SOD活性为 16 93± 1 11U/ml明显低于常氧对照组的 3 3 48± 1 15U/ml (P <0 0 1) ;0 0 1- 1nmol/LET 1预处理呈浓度依赖性抑制低氧培养心肌细胞LDH释放 ,减少培养液上清MDA含量、提高SOD活性 (P <0 0 1)。 ( 2 )低氧灌流后 2 9± 1 5s (n =2 3 )心肌细胞自发性钙瞬变完全终止 ,[Ca2 +]i 升高了 10 7± 13 2 % (P <0 0 0 1) ;0 0 1- 1nmol/LET 1能明显加快心肌细胞钙瞬变的频率 (P <0 0 1) ;ET 1预处理后低氧所致钙瞬变终止的时间较单纯低氧组明显推迟 ,[Ca2 +]i过度升高被明显减轻 (P <0 0 1)。上述结果表明 ,0 0 1- 1nmol/LET 1预处理可减轻培     

番茄红素对血管内皮细胞氧化应激损伤的作用及机制研究

目的:观察番茄红素(lycopene,LYC)对于血管内皮细胞功能的作用,探讨其作用机制。方法:人脐静脉内皮细胞(HUVECs)处理实验分组:对照组,H2O2组,H2O2+LYC组(1、2、4、8μmolL-1)。MTT法检测HUVECs存活率;免疫印迹法(Western blot)检测p38MAPK蛋白磷酸化水平、抗凋亡蛋白B淋巴细胞/白血病-2(bcl-2)及线粒体凋亡通路相关蛋白bax的表达;细胞黏附能力测定和伤口愈合实验检测HUVECs粘附率和迁移率;TUNEL法检测HUVECs凋亡率;ELASA法测定HUVECs内活性氧(ROS),超氧化物歧化酶(SOD),乳酸盐脱氢酶(LDH)释放量和caspase-3的活性。结果:H2O2损伤后HUVECs存活率显著降低(P0.01),凋亡率显著增加(P0.01),黏附和迁移能力显著降低(P0.01),bax和p-p38MAPK的表达上调,bcl-2的表达下调,并且ROS、LDH的释放和caspase-3的活性增加(P0.01),SOD的释放减少。而LYC的预处理可以明显逆转H2O2以上作用。结论:H2O2氧化应激损伤中,LYC保护内皮细胞可能与其抗过氧化损伤细胞凋亡,抑制异常的p38MAPK信号通路有关。     

小剂量多巴胺对氧化应激诱导大鼠心肌细胞凋亡的影响及其机制

目的:探讨小剂量多巴胺(DA)对氧化应激诱导大鼠心肌细胞凋亡的作用及可能机制。方法:采用培养的新生大鼠心肌细胞,随机分为正常对照组(control),过氧化氢处理组(H2O2),小剂量多巴胺干预组(DA+H2O2),多巴胺受体Ⅰ型阻断剂干预组(DR1+DA+H2O2),多巴胺受体II型阻断剂干预组(DR2+DA+H2O2);应用流式细胞仪、MTT检测心肌细胞的凋亡率,透射电子显微镜检测细胞超微结构的变化,比色法检测细胞培养液中乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性,Western blot检测Cytochrone c、Caspase 3、Caspase 9的蛋白表达情况。结果:与单纯H2O2组相比,小剂量多巴胺(10μmol/L)可降低LDH活性,升高SOD活性,抑制心肌细胞凋亡和凋亡相关蛋白的表达;DR1阻断剂SCH-23390干预后,能够部分逆转这种作用,而DR2阻断剂Haloperido干预后没有明显的变化。结论:小剂量多巴胺可能通过DR1抑制氧化应激诱导的心肌细胞凋亡。     

低氧后处理诱导的低氧诱导因子-1α表达上调减轻H9c2心肌细胞低氧/复氧损伤北大核心CSCD

本文旨在探讨低氧后处理(hypoxic postconditioning)对低氧/复氧(hypoxia/reoxygenation,H/R)所致的心肌细胞损伤以及低氧诱导因子-1α(hypoxia inducible factor-1α,HIF-1α)表达的影响,并分析二者之间可能的关系。利用H9c2心肌细胞株建立低氧/复氧和低氧后处理模型,通过测定细胞存活率、细胞培养液中乳酸脱氢酶(lactate dehydrogenase,LDH)的活性及caspase-3活性来观察低氧/复氧造成的H9c2细胞的损伤,用Westernblot检测H9c2细胞内HIF-1α的蛋白水平,用real-timePCR检测细胞内HIF-1α的mRNA水平。结果显示,低氧后处理提高了低氧/复氧H9c2细胞的存活率,降低了LDH及caspase-3活性。同时,低氧后处理增加了H9c2细胞内HIF-1α的蛋白水平。预先利用HIF-1α脯氨酸羟化酶抑制剂DMOG上调HIF-1α的蛋白水平后,由低氧/复氧导致的H9c2细胞的损伤明显减轻,其效应与低氧后处理完全一致。对H9c2细胞内HIF-1α蛋白水平与细胞存活率进行相关性分析,结果显示二者呈显著正相关(r=0.743,P<0.01);而运用siRNA方法抑制细胞内HIF-1α基因表达后,显著削弱了低氧后处理减轻低氧/复氧细胞损伤的效应。以上结果提示,HIF-1α表达上调是低氧后处理减轻细胞低氧/复氧损伤的机制之一。     

缺锌对心肌细胞的损伤作用及机制

本研究旨在观察缺锌对心肌细胞损伤作用并探讨其可能的机制。利用锌离子螯合剂四吡啶甲基乙二胺[N,N,N’,N’-tetrakis(2-pyridylmethyl)ethylenediamine,TPEN]处理H9c2心肌细胞建立模拟缺锌模型,采用MTT法测定细胞存活率,用光学显微镜观察细胞形态学改变,用乳酸脱氢酶(lacate dehydrogenase,LDH)试剂盒检测心肌细胞上清液LDH水平,使用JC-1染色法检测线粒体膜电位(mitochondrial membrane potential,ΔΨm),采用活性氧(reactive oxygen species,ROS)试剂盒检测细胞内ROS水平,用Western blot检测ERK蛋白的磷酸化水平。结果显示,TPEN引起心肌细胞形态改变,LDH释放量明显增高,细胞ΔΨm降低,细胞内ROS水平明显增加。同时,TPEN下调心肌细胞ERK蛋白磷酸化水平,降低细胞存活率;MEK/ERK信号通路抑制剂PD98059预处理可进一步抑制ERK蛋白磷酸化水平,进一步降低细胞存活率;而S-亚硝基-N-乙酰-DL-青霉胺(SNAP,可激活MEK/ERK信号通路)和MPG(ROS清除剂)均可逆转TPEN的上述抑制作用。以上结果表明,缺锌通过促进细胞内ROS生成而抑制ERK通路,引起心肌细胞损伤。     

Resveratrol Attenuates Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury in Neonatal Cardiomyocytes and Its Underlying Mechanism

This study was designed to investigate whether Resveratrol (Res) could be a prophylactic factor in the prevention of I/R injury and to shed light on its underlying mechanism. Primary culture of neonatal rat cardiomyocytes were randomly distributed into three groups: the normal group (cultured cardiomyocytes were in normal conditions), the I/R group (cultured cardiomyocytes were subjected to 2 h simulated ischemia followed by 4 h reperfusion), and the Res+I/R group (100 µmol/L Res was administered before cardiomyocytes were subjected to 2 h simulated ischemia followed by 4 h reperfusion). To test the extent of cardiomyocyte injury, several indices were detected including cell viability, LDH activity, Na⁺-K⁺-ATPase and Ca²⁺-ATPase activity. To test apoptotic cell death, caspase-3 activity and the expression of Bcl-2/Bax were detected. To explore the underlying mechanism, several inhibitors, intracellular calcium, SOD activity and MDA content were used to identify some key molecules involved. Res increased cell viability, Na⁺-K⁺-ATPase and Ca²⁺-ATPase activity, Bcl-2 expression, and SOD level. While LDH activity, capase-3 activity, Bax expression, intracellular calcium and MDA content were decreased by Res. And the effect of Res was blocked completely by either L-NAME (an eNOS inhibitor) or MB (a cGMP inhibitor), and partly by either DS (a PKC inhibitor) or Glybenclamide (a K_ATP inhibitor). Our results suggest that Res attenuates I/R injury in cardiomyocytes by preventing cell apoptosis, decreasing LDH release and increasing ATPase activity. NO, cGMP, PKC and K_ATP may play an important role in the protective role of Res. Moreover, Res enhances the capacity of anti-oxygen free radical and alleviates intracellular calcium overload in cardiomyocytes.     

腺苷对缺氧/复氧心肌细胞的保护作用

本研究旨在探讨腺苷 (adenosine ,ADO)对缺氧 /复氧 (hypoxia/reoxygenation ,H/R)心肌细胞的保护作用及其分子机制。将原代培养的新生大鼠心肌细胞分成H/R对照组和ADO (1 0 μmol/L)保护组。用倒置相差显微镜观察心肌细胞的生长状态。检测两组培养基质乳酸脱氢酶 (LDH)活性和心肌细胞Ca2 + 和丙二醛 (MDA)浓度。用ELISA法检测肿瘤坏死因子 (TNF α)的表达 ,并用凝胶电泳迁移率改变法 (EMSA)测定核因子 (NF κB)结合活性。所得结果如下 :(1)心肌细胞H/R培养后皱缩、变圆 ,伪足减少 ,ADO组心肌细胞的形态变化小于对照组 ;(2 )ADO减少缺氧和复氧期间心肌细胞LDH的漏出 (bothP <0 0 1) ;(3 )ADO降低缺氧和复氧期间心肌细胞内的Ca2 +浓度 (bothP <0 0 1) ;(4)ADO降低缺氧和复氧期间心肌细胞MDA浓度 (bothP <0 0 1) ;(5 )ADO抑制缺氧和复氧期间TNF α的表达 (bothP <0 0 1) ;(6)ADO抑制缺氧和复氧期间心肌细胞NF κB结合活性 (bothP <0 0 1)。以上结果提示 :(1)外源性ADO可减轻心肌细胞的H/R损伤 ;(2 )外源性ADO抑制H/R期间心肌细胞TNF α的表达 ;(3 )外源性ADO可能通过抑制心肌细胞NF κB结合活性下调TNF α的表达     

Tumour necrosis factor alpha, lipid peroxidation and NO* are increased and associated with decreased free-radical scavenging enzymes in patients with Weill-Marchesani syndrome

AIM: Weill-Marchesani syndrome (WMS) is a rare systemic disorder with both autosomal recessive and dominant inheritances. Accumulation of reactive oxygen species such as O2*-, H2O2 and OH* causes lipid peroxidation (LPO), whereas antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSHPx)) mediate defence against oxidative stress. Excess tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha and NO* react with O2*- and cause further antioxidant depletion with an increase in mutation frequency by H2O2. This study investigated the levels of SOD, GSHPx, catalase (CAT), TNF-alpha, NO and LPO in patients with WMS. METHODS: A group of 10 WMS patients (four males, six females; age, 26.5+/-19.0 years) and 10 age-matched and sex-matched controls (five males, five females; age, 27.3+/-18.2 years) were included. Serum TNF-alpha levels were determined by a spectrophotometer technique using immulite chemiluminescent immunometric assay. Malondialdehyde (MDA) was determined in plasma; CAT in red blood cells (RBCs), and SOD and GSHPx in both plasma and RBCs. Total serum NO* levels were evaluated by Griess reaction. RESULTS: Mean levels of TNF-alpha (8.3+/-0.6 pg/ml) in WMS patients were significantly (p<0.001) higher than controls (4.3+/-0.2 pg/ml). Plasma MDA levels in patients and controls were 5.4+/-0.8 and 1.8+/-0.6 micromol/l, respectively, and the difference was significant (p=0.0002). SOD and GSHPx activities were significantly lower in both RBCs and plasma of WMS than in controls (RBC-SOD, 3981.9+/-626.6 versus 5261.6+/-523.0 U/g haemoglobin (Hb), p=0.0005; plasma-SOD, 529.4+/-49.3 versus 713.4+/-55.7 U/g protein, p=0.0002; RBC-GSHPx, 682.7+/-42.0 versus 756.5+/-47.6 U/g Hb, p=0.0011; plasma-GSHPx, 107.3+/-15.0 versus 131.4+/-19.7 U/g protein, p=0.0113). In addition, serum NO (NO*-2 + NO*-3) levels were also significantly (p = 0.0002) increased in WMS patients (54.4+/-5.7 versus 26.9+/-6.7 micromol/l). RBC-CAT levels were similar between groups (125.6+/-21.3 versus 131.0+/-21.5 k/g Hb, p = 0.8798). CONCLUSIONS: The elevated LPO, TNF-alpha and NO* with decreased antioxidant enzyme activities indicated impaired antioxidative defence mechanisms with an oxidative injury and cell toxicity in WMS patients. The use of multiple antioxidants and free radical scavengers might be helpful in this genetic disorder.     

丹参酮ⅡA对正常和氧化损伤内皮细胞的保护作用研究

采用过氧化氢诱导建立的内皮细胞氧化损伤模型,探讨了丹参酮ⅡA对氧化损伤的HUVECs的保护作用.通过内皮细胞LDH、SOD、NOS、GSH-Px的活性和MDA、NO含量的变化趋势,MTT和流式细胞术反映的细胞存活率的变化,研究了丹参酮ⅡA对正常和氧化损伤HUVECs的作用.结果表明丹参酮ⅡA在10～100μmol/L浓度之间时,无明显细胞毒性.浓度在20 μmol/L以上时,丹参酮ⅡA能显著增强HUVECs抵御氧化损伤的能力;同时降低了LDH的泄漏,阻止了MDA等过氧化物的生成,提高了NOS、NO、SOD和GSH-PX分泌量,显著减少了细胞早期凋亡率和坏死率.表明丹参酮ⅡA可以保护HUVECs免受氧化损伤,防止动脉粥样硬化斑块的形成.     

Effects of endothelin-1 1-31 on cell viabililty and [Ca2+]i in cultured neonatal rat cardiomyocytes

We previously found that Endothelin-1(1-31) (ET-1(1-31)) exhibited a pro-arrhythmogenic effect in isolated rat hearts. In this study, we further investigated the effects of ET-1(1-31) on a cell viability and observed [Ca(2+)](i) in cultured cardiomyocytes. Cultured neonatal rat cardiomyocytes were treated with 0.1, 1, and 10 nM ET-1(1-31) for 24h in the presence or absence of ET(A) receptor antagonist (BQ(123)) or phosphoramidon, a NEP/ECE inhibitor. Cell injury was evaluated by supernatant lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) assay, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, and malondialdehyde (MDA) content. Cell viability was assessed by MTT assay. [Ca(2+)](i) was measured with Fluo-3/AM under a laser confocal microscope. 1) ET-1(1-31) dose-dependently increased LDH release and decreased cell viability. 2) LDH and MDA levels were significantly elevated and SOD activity decreased after administration of 1 nM ET-1(1-31) for 24h, and these changes were markedly attenuated by 1 uM BQ(123). 3) Exposure to 10 nM ET 1(1-31) caused a continuous increase in [Ca(2+)](i) to cultured beating cardiomyocytes and termination of [Ca(2+)](i) transient within 6 min, and this change was reversed by 1 uM BQ(123) and attenuated by 0.5 mM phosphoramidon. These results suggest that ET-1(1-31) could cause cell injury, and that the effect of ET-1(1-31) on [Ca(2+)](i) transients is mainly mediated by ET(A) receptor and partially attributed to the conversion of ET-1(1-31) to ET-1(1-21).     

蓝莓提取物对H2O2诱导的体外培养的大鼠海马神经元氧化损伤的保护作用

目的：探讨蓝莓提取物对过氧化氢致大鼠海马神经元氧化应激损伤的减缓作用。方法：将培养7d的海马神经细胞分为8组：①过氧化氢组（H2O2）：培养液中加入50μmol/L的H2O2,作用24h。②不同剂量蓝莓提取物预处理组（BE＋H2O2）：在加入H2O2前24h,分别加入0.01、0.1、1.0、10.0、20.0和40.0μg/mlBE。③空白对照组（Control）：处理步骤同上组,但每次处理物质均为等量的培养液。通过测定细胞存活率和上清液中乳酸脱氢酶（LDH）的活性确定减轻海马神经元损伤的蓝莓提取物的适宜浓度。并检测细胞内丙二醛（MDA）含量、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）活性以及细胞凋亡率的变化。结果：①蓝莓提取物组（0.1,1.0和10.0μg/mlBE）LDH活性显著低于H2O2组,细胞存活率由H2O2组的57.44%分别上升至78.42%、87.71%、72.40%;1μg/ml蓝莓提取物组对H2O2诱导的海马神经细胞氧化应激损伤的保护作用最好。②1μg/ml蓝莓提取物组海马神经细胞培养上清液中MDA含量及细胞凋亡率显著低于H2O2组,SOD活性显著高于H2O2组。结论：适宜剂量的蓝莓提取物对氧化应激损伤的海马神经元有一定的保护作用,其机制可能与抑制海马神经元凋亡、增强神经细胞的抗氧化功能有关。     

过氧化氢预处理对H9c2心肌细胞氧化应激损伤的保护作用

目的：活性氧介导的氧化损伤是缺血再灌注损伤的重要机制,本研究通过观察H2O2预处理对氧化损伤的H9c2心肌细胞存活率和细胞凋亡的影响,探讨其保护H9c2心肌细胞的作用机制。方法：体外培养H9c2心肌细胞,取对数生长期细胞用于实验研究。建立H2O2预处理抵抗高浓度H：O：诱导的细胞氧化损伤模型,实验分组如下：（1）正常对照组（CTL）;（2）损伤组（INJURY）;（3）预处理组十损伤组（PC）。应用CCK8法检测细胞存活率;试剂盒检测胞内MDA水平和T．sOD活性;Hoechst33258染色观察凋亡形态;Annexin-V／PI双染与流式细胞术检测细胞凋亡率。结果：25vLmol／L的H202预处理90rain能明显地保护H9c2心肌细胞抵抗400μmol／LH2O2诱导的氧化损伤,提高细胞存活率,下调MDA水平,上调SOD活性,抑制细胞凋亡,降低细胞凋亡率。结论：低浓度H2O2预处理能减轻H9c2心肌细胞的氧化损伤,抑制氧化损伤诱导的心肌细胞凋亡,具有很好的抗氧化损伤和抗心肌细胞凋亡的保护作用,其作用机制可能与细胞SOD活性上调有关。H2O2预处理为临床治疗心肌缺血／再灌注损伤提供了一项新策略。     

ERK1／2信号通路对黄芪苷Ⅳ抗H2O2诱导H9c2细胞氧化损伤的作用

目的：研究黄芪苷Ⅳ（AST）是否通过细胞外信号调节激酶1／2（ERK1／2）通路发挥对H2O2诱导的H9c2细胞氧化损伤的保护作用。方法：用200μmoL／L的H2O2处理细胞6h,采用MTT法检测细胞存活率,建立H2O2诱导的H9c2细胞氧化损伤模型;比色法测定细胞培养液中乳酸脱氢酶（LDH）活性、总超氧化物歧化酶（T—SOD）和锰超氧化物歧化酶（Mn—SOD）活力以及丙二醛（MDA）含量;Western blot检测H9c2细胞ERK1／2蛋白的磷酸化水平。结果：在H2O2浓度为200μmol／L作用6h条件下,细胞存活率降低程度适中,实验结果重复性好,确定后续实验采用200μmol／L H2O2作用6h建立模型。与H2O2组比较,10mg／L及20mg／L AST均显著提高细胞存活率（P〈0．01）,使细胞培养液中LDH活性显著降低（P〈0．01）,T—SOD及Mn—SOD活力显著提高（P〈0．01）,MDA含量显著降低（P〈0．01）。10mg/L及20mg/L AST均显著增加H2O2损伤的H9c2细胞p—ERK1／2蛋白的表达（P〈0．01）,当用PD98059（ERK1／2的抑制剂）预处理后,AST的作用则被取消。结论：黄芪苷Ⅳ可以通过ERK1／2通路发挥对H2O2诱导的H9c2细胞氧化损伤的保护作用。     

镉胁迫对萝卜幼苗活性氧产生、脂质过氧化和抗氧化酶活性的影响

镉胁迫使萝卜幼苗超氧阴离子(O2)、过氧化氢(H2O2)和丙二醛(MDA)含量增加;随着镉浓度提高,超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性首先明显上升,然后逐渐下降,甚至低于对照;叶片过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性明显增加,根系CAT活性则减少;根系以及较高浓度镉处理后期叶片的谷胱甘肽还原酶(GR)活性均显著增加.由此推测:在胁迫初期可能主要由SOD和CAT发挥抗氧化作用,而在胁迫后期由于抗坏血酸-谷胱甘肽(AsA-GsH)循环途径的激活,还原型谷胱甘肽和植物络合素含量的提高可能在清除活性氧或者直接螯合镉中起作用.