Dionchus postoncomiracidia (Monogenea: Dionchidae) from the skin of blacktip sharks, Carcharhinus limbatus (Carcharhinidae)

Postoncomiracidia of Dionchus sp. are described from specimens collected from the skin of 2 blacktip sharks Carcharhinus limbatus, captured in the northern Gulf of Mexico. The parasites resemble nonciliated oncomiracidia hatched from eggs laid by Dionchus sp. on gills of a cobia Rachycentron canadum and adults of Dionchus remorae that were collected from gills of a common sharksucker Echeneis naucrates, captured in association with a third blacktip shark. The hamuli of the postoncomiracidia were morphologically similar to those of adult D. remorae. This is the first report of dionchids from an elasmobranch and from a location other than the gills. These findings support the idea that some dionchid oncomiracidia colonize the skin of sharks or other aquatic vertebrates that sponsor remoras, prior to transferring to other remoras and maturing.     

A contribution to the Dicyrtomidae (Collembola) of Hawaii

Ten new species in three subgenera of Dicyrtoma are described from the Hawaiian Islands. Specimens were received from collections made on Hawaii, Maui, Kauai and Oahu. Species definitions are based on chaetotaxy of head, legs and the circumanal region. In addition, presence or absence of lateral spines (neosminthurid setae) on the parafurcular lobes may assist in grouping species within subgenera. Previous records of dicyrtomids from Hawaii include only one species, Ptenothrix ( Papaairioides ) daubia (Folsom). The following new species are described: Ptenothrix ( Ptenothrix ) hawaiicnaeis sp.n., Ptenothrix ( Papirioides ) kauaiensis sp.n., P. ( Papirioides ) serrata sp.n., Dicyrtoma ( Calvatomina ) sylvestratilis sp.n., D. ( Calvatomina ) brevifibra sp.n., D. ( Calvatomina ) tesselata sp.n., D. ( Calvatomina ) longidigita sp.n., D. ( Calvatomina ) bellingeri sp.n., D. ( Calvatomina ) madestris sp.n., and D. ( Calvatomina ) microdentata sp.n.     

Dujardinascaris spp. (Nematoda: Ascaridoidea) in Old World crocodilians

Five new species of the genus Dujardinascaris Baylis, 1947 are described from Old World crocodilians: D. petterae n. sp. in Osteolaemus tetraspis from the Congo, Central Africa; D. blairi n. sp in Crocodylus johnstoni from Northern Australia; D. harrisae n. sp., D. angusae n. sp., and D. westonae n. sp. in C. porosus from Papua New Guinea. The species are differentiated by the relative length of the spicules, the shape of the gubernaculum and the form of the male tail. Females of the species cannot be readily distinguished morphologically.     

Five new didymozoid trematodes (Platyhelminthes, Digenea) from Australian platycephalid fishes

Five new didymozoid trematodes are described from two species of platycephalid fish collected in Moreton Bay. Australia. Indodidymozoon moretonensis sp. n. from the buccal cavity and branchial arches and 1. suttiei sp. n. from the flesh are described from Platycephalus fuscus. Indodidymozoon lesteri sp. n. from the belly skin. I. pearsoni sp. n. from the eye, and Helicodidymozoon tortor gen. n., sp. n. from the buccal cavity. branchial arches and operculum are described from Platycephalus endrachtensis. The taxonomic composition of the genus Didymozoon is discussed. Five species. D. branchiale. D. brevicolle, D. koti, D. musculi and D. Platycephali are moved to Indodidymozoon ; the generic diagnosis of Indodidymozoon is revised. One species. D. spirale , and one species from Neometadidymozoon, N. helicis. are moved to the newly creeted Helicodidymozoon. Helicodidymozoon differs from Didymozoon, Indodidymozoon and metadidymozoon in the structure of the hindbody which is spirally twisted.     

新疆蚜蝇姬蜂属三新种记述：膜翅目：姬蜂科：蚜蝇姬蜂亚科

新疆蚜蝇姬蜂属三新种记述（膜翅目：姬蜂科：蚜蝇姬蜂亚科）马祁,王登元,王锁牢新疆农科院植物保护研究所新疆乌鲁木齐市８３００００新疆八一农学院植物保护系新疆乌鲁木齐市８３００５２关键词膜翅目,姬蜂科,蚜蝇姬蜂属,新种,中国本文记述了蚜蝇姬蜂属ＤＩ’ｐｌ...     

Revision of the 'nudidrosophila' and 'ateledrosophila' species groups of Hawaiian Drosophila (Diptera: Drosophilidae), with descriptions of twenty-two new species

Abstract.  The 'nudidrosophila' and 'ateledrosophila' species groups, formerly described as genera, are a relatively small and understudied part of the enormous Hawaiian Drosophila radiation. Only nine species were described previously. Here we revise the two groups, provide a key to males and females, and describe fully all species. The 'ateledrosophila' group now contains three species, D. diamphidia Hardy, D. papala sp.n. , and D. preapicula Hardy. The 28 species of the 'nudidrosophila' group are separated into five subgroups: 'hirtitibia' ( D. hirtitibia Hardy, D. konaensis sp.n. , D. mawaena sp.n. , and D. papaalai sp.n. ); 'kahania' ( D. kahania sp.n. and D. longipalpus sp.n. ); 'nudidrosophila' ( D. aenicta Hardy, D. amita Hardy, D. canavalia sp.n. , D. eximia Hardy, D. gemmula Hardy, D. kualapa sp.n. , D. lepidobregma Hardy, D. mahui sp.n. , D. malele sp.n. , D. panoanoa sp.n. , and D. poonia sp.n. ); 'okala' ( D. akoko sp.n. , D. kuhao sp.n. , D. makawao sp.n. , D. okala sp.n. , and D. panina sp.n. ); and 'velata' ( D. halapepe sp.n. , D. kauaiensis sp.n. , D. lauoho sp.n. , D. milolii sp.n. , D. pohaka sp.n. , and D. velata Hardy).     

Taxonomic Notes on Some Australian Ostracods with Description of New Species

The following ostracods from Australian inland waters are described: Limnocythere mowbrayensis Chapman, 1914, Limnocythere porphyretica sp.n. Zonocypretta kalimna gen. et sp.n. Diacypris spinosa sp.n. D. dictyote sp.n. D. phoxe sp.n. The taxonomic position of each of the genera mentioned above is discussed and all the Australian Diacypris species are reviewed. Ecological data for some of these species are also provided     

Three new species of Dactylogyrus Diesing, 1850 (Monogenea: Dactylogyridae) from the gills of the bala sharkminnow Balantiocheilos melanopterus (Cyprinidae) from Thailand

Three new species of Dactylogyrus are described from the gills of the cyprinid fish Balantiocheilos melanopterus (Bleeker) imported from Thailand via the aquarium trade. They are D. coartatus n. sp., D. macrocolpius n. sp. and D. melanopteri n. sp. The double-bar species, D. coartatus n. sp. and D. melanopteri n. sp., are characterised by hooks that are markedly large in relation to the size of the anchors. Clip-like anchors with a sharply recurved, long point are a unique feature of D. coartatus n. sp. The single-bar species, D. macrocolpius n. sp., is characterised by having a copulatory organ composed of a spiral copulum and a medial accessory piece with thorns.     

Neue foliicole Arten der FlechtengattungDimerella Trevisan (Gyalectaceae) aus Tansania

Five new foliicolous species ofDimerella Trevisan (Gyalectaceae) are reported from a collection of lichens from Tanzania:D. flavicans sp. n.,D. pocsii sp. n.,D. subdilucida sp. n. ad int.,D. tanzanica, sp. n. andD. usambarensis sp. n. A determination key is provided to all the known African foliicolous species.     

A revision of the Afrotropical genus Dhatrichia (Trichoptera, Hydroptilidae)

Five previously described species of Dhatrichia Mosely, 1948 are recognized: D. inasa Mosely, 1948 from Yemen; D. bipunctata Statzner, 1977 from Zaire; D. lerabae (Gibon, Guenda & Coulibaly, 1994) comb. n. from Burkina Faso and Ghana; and D. cinyra Wells & Andersen, 1995 and D. divergenta Wells & Andersen, 1995 from Tanzania. A sixth species D. feredougoubae Gibon, 1987 from the Ivory Coast and Ghana is transferred to Microptila Ris, 1897 comb. n. In addition, nine new species are described and illustrated as males: D. ankasaensis sp. n., D. botiensis sp. n., D. hunukani sp. n., D. minuta sp. n., D. paraminuta sp. n. and D. wliensis sp. n. from Ghana, D. anderseni sp. n. from Tanzania, and D. madagascarensis sp. n. and D. giboni sp. n. from Madagascar. Females are associated, described and illustrated for all species, except D. inasa and D. giboni. The larvae and pupae of D. ankasaensis, D. hunukani, D. lerabae, D. minuta and D. wliensis are described and illustrated as the first known immatures of the genus. Keys to known larvae, pupae, males and females are provided. A phylogenetic analysis of the genus revealed four species groups. The most plesiomorphous taxa are West African, followed by East African and Malagasian taxa. A sister group relationship between the Eburneo–Ghanean and the Sudanian biogeographical regions is encountered twice. Among several possible sister taxa, the sister group turned out to be Kumanskiella Harris & Flint, 1992 and Microptila Ris, 1897 in part, combined. Implications for generic classification and biogeography are outlined. A morphometric principal component analysis revealed good separation of the sexes by the number and shape of antennal segments, and by eye size. Other measures are strongly dependent on overall size, and show best separation of females between species and species groups. A functional fit between male inferior appendages and secondary sexual characters in female sternite VIII is demonstrated for all species with associated females.     

Three new species of the leafhopper genus Dayus Mahmood from China (Hemiptera,Cicadellidae,?Typhlocybinae,Empoascini)

Three new species of the Oriental empoascine leafhopper genus Dayus Mahmood are described from China: D. bifurcatus sp. n., D. trifurcatus sp. n. and D. serratus sp. n. A key to distinguish all Chinese species of the genus is provided.     

Sympatric species of Deretrema Linton, 1910: D. combesae n. sp. and D. combesorum n. sp. (Digenea: Zoogonidae) from the manybar goatfish Parupeneus multifasciatus (Quoy & Gaimard, 1824) (Perciformes: Mullidae) from New Caledonia

Two sympatric species of Deretrema, D. combesae n. sp. and D. combesorum n. sp. are described from the manybar goatfish Parupeneus multifasciatus from off New Caledonia, South Pacific. D. combesae n. sp. does not fit any of the described Deretrema subgenera. The combination of the characters, tegumental spines, caeca reaching past the testes, the vitellarium reaching into the hindbody, much of the uterus at the level of and anterior to the gonads, a long oesophagus, testes in the hindbody and the pre-testicular ovary are not found in any of the described subgenera. D. combesorum n. sp. fits into the subgenus Deretrema (Deretrema), but differs from the described species in the sucker-ratio, eggs size, elongate shape and contiguous testes. The sympatry of these dissimilar species of Deretrema casts doubt on the value of the subgenera in Deretrema.     

New data on the postembryonal development of some members of Monogenoidea]

The paper presents new data on the development of the adhesive armature of larvae of Callorhynchicola multitesticulatus Manter, 1955 (Chimaericoeidae). There are also described larvae of Teegamatrix sp., Dionchus sp. sp. (Polyonchoinea), Squalonchocotyle sp., Heterobothrium praeorchis Bych., Mam. et Nag., 1975, Anchorophorus sinensis Bych. et Nag., 1958, Microctyle seriolae Yam., 1940, Axine sasicala (Unn., 1957), Neomicrotyle indicum Ram., 1960, Valissia chorinemi Yam., 1953 and some postembryonal developmental stages of Gotocotyee sawara Ishii, 1936 (Oligonchoinea).     

Radiation of the genus Dysdera (Araneae, Haplogynae, Dysderidae) in the Canary Islands: The island of Gran Canaria

This study continues studies on the taxonomy and distribution of Dysdera in the Canarian archipelago. Four new species are described: Dysdera andamanae sp. n., D. arabisenen sp. n., D. tibicena sp. n. and D. yguanirae sp. n. Four new synonymies are reported: D. bailadero Wunderlich, 1991 and D. pauciserae Wunderlich, 1991 = Dysdera iguanensis Wunderlich, 1987, D. tamadabaensis Wunderlich, 1991 = D. paucispinosa Wunderlich, 1991; D. sinuosa Wunderlich, 1994 = D. tilosensis Wunderlich, 1991. Six species are redescribed: D. bandamae Schmidt, 1973, D. iguanensis Wunderlich, 1987, D. insulana Simon, 1883, D. paucispinosa Wunderlich, 1991, D. tilosensis Wunderlich, 1991 and D. verneaui Simon, 1883; and neotypes are designated for D. insulana and D. verneaui . The presence of the following species in Gran Canaria is reported for the first time: D. iguanensis , formerly only collected on Tenerife, D. insulana , previously of doubtful location, and D. levipes , known from Tenenfe and La Gomera. Morphological affinities, ecology and distribution of the species are discussed.     

Ciliate protozoa in the rumen of Brazilian water buffalo, Bubalus bubalis Linnaeus.

Total numbers and distribution of genera, subgenera and species were determined for the ciliate protozoa in rumen contents of 4 Brazilian water buffalo Bubalus bubalis Linnaeus. The fauna of one animal, housed in close proximity to European and zebu-type cattle, differed considerably from that of the remaining animals, which were somewhat isolated on a large ranch. Several of the protozoan species observed in the semi-isolated animals were first described in rumen contents from humped Indian cattle, and their subsequent occurrence in other hosts and geographic locations has been limited or absent. In all, 49 different species of protozoa were found, 8 of which have not been previously described. Three of the new species belong to the genus Entodinium: E. ciculum sp. n., E. spinonucleatum sp. n. and E. triangulum sp. n.; 4 to Diplodinium (Ostracodinium): D. (O.) brazili sp. n., D. (O.) esalqum sp. n., D. (O.) nucleolobum sp. n., and D. (O.) tiete sp. n.; and one to Diplodinium (Eudiplodinium): D. (E.) bubalus sp. n.     

Six new species of the genus Diplopeltula (Nematoda: Diplopeltidae) with remarks on the heterogeneity of the taxon

Six new Diplopeltula species are described: D. pulchra sp.n., D. belgica sp.n., D. striolata sp.n. and D. curta sp.n. (Southern Bight of the North Sea), D. nellyae sp.n. and S. pumila sp.n. (New Caledonia). Diplopeltula indica Gerlach, 1962 is redescribed from Guadeloupe (FWI). Based on the examination of these seven Diplopeltula species, the genus has been reappraised. The systematic position of the other genera of the Diplopeltidae Filipjev, 1918 is also discussed. Diplopeltoides Gerlach, 1962 is moved from the Aegialoalaimidae Lorenzen, 1981 to the Diplopeltidae.     

Metacercariae of new trematode species of the genus Diplostomum (Trematoda,Diplostomidae) from fishes of Lake Tana,Ethiopia

Four new species of trematodes of the genus Diplostomum are described from metacercariae found in fishes from Lake Tana in Ethiopia: Diplostomum garrae sp. n. from the lens of Garra dembecha, D. longicollis sp. n. from the lens of Barbus humilis, D. montanum sp. n. from the lens of Barbus humilis, and D. tilapiae sp. n. from the vitreous body of Oreochromis niloticus. The metacercariae of the new species considerably differ in morphology and size from those of all known Holarctic species. It is the first African record of metacercariae of the genus Diplostomum in fish.