Periodic solutions of population models in a periodically fluctuating environment.

A periodically fluctuating environment is assumed in a population-modeling process that generates nonautonomous difference equations. The existence and uniqueness of periodic solutions are studied. A sufficient condition for existence and a necessary condition for uniqueness are obtained. Stability of the periodic solutions is investigated. Several numerical examples are given to illustrate the basic results, and a brief discussion is presented.     

一类捕食—食饵动力系统的定性分析

本文对一类形式广泛的捕食-食饵动力系统进行了定性研究，获得了确保此生态系统的所有解有界及极限环存在与唯一的若干充分条件，并给出了所获结论在生态学上的意义。     

一类复杂生态系统的周期解及其稳定性

本文研究了一类复杂生态系统,得到了保证其存在唯一周期解及渐近稳定的充分条件。     

Analysis of a time-delayed mathematical model for tumour growth with an almost periodic supply of external nutrients

In this paper, the existence, uniqueness and exponential stability of almost periodic solutions for a mathematical model of tumour growth are studied. The establishment of the model is based on the reaction–diffusion dynamics and mass conservation law and is considered with a delay in the cell proliferation process. Using a fixed-point theorem in cones, the existence and uniqueness of almost periodic solutions for different parameter values of the model is proved. Moreover, by the Gronwall inequality, sufficient conditions are established for the exponential stability of the unique almost periodic solution. Results are illustrated by computer simulations.     

Nonlinear age-dependent population dynamics in continuously propagated bacterial cultures

Using results and techniques from the theory of Volterra integral equations, we investigate the existence, uniqueness, positivity, and boundedness of solutions, the existence of equilibrium solutions, and the stability of equilibria of a nonlinear age-dependent model for bacterial growth in a continuous fermentation process. The demographic parameters of the model, such as the growth, death, and fission rates of the cells, depend (in a nonlinear way) on the substrate concentration in the reactor tank.     

On the classical trapping problem

We consider the problem of finding the probability density for the location of an untrapped pest satisfying a diffusion equation with the scaled Laplacian. Then by taking the initial data to the diffusion process to be in some Lp spaces, we establish the existence and uniqueness of local solutions in these spaces and the existence and uniqueness of weak global solutions in Lp,q; p,q greater than 3. The interest of this method relies on the fact that it is by successive approximations and hence amenable to numerical treatment.     

具有放牧率的某些概周期生态模型

文［１］研究了具有放牧率的周期生态模型的周期解的存在性、唯一性与稳定性等问题．本文考虑更加广泛的生态模型,即具有放牧率的概周期生态系统的概周期解的存在性、稳定性,通过利用指数型二分性和不动点方法,得到一些新结果．     

具常数时滞细胞神经网络概周期解

利用矩阵不等式的分析技巧和Banach空间中不动点定理,得到了具常数时滞细胞神经网络概周期解的存在性、唯一性和全局指数稳定性,推广和改进了已有文献的结论。     

Threshold and stability results for an age-structured epidemic model

We study a mathematical model for an epidemic spreading in an age-structured population with age-dependent transmission coefficient. We formulate the model as an abstract Cauchy problem on a Banach space and show the existence and uniqueness of solutions. Next we derive some conditions which guarantee the existence and uniqueness for non-trivial steady states of the model. Finally the local and global stability for the steady states are examined.     

Are buffers boring? Uniqueness and asymptotical stability of traveling wave fronts in the buffered bistable system

Traveling waves of calcium are widely observed under the condition that the free cytosolic calcium is buffered. Thus it is of physiological interest to determine how buffers affect the properties of calcium waves. Here we summarise and extend previous results on the existence, uniqueness and stability of traveling wave solutions of the buffered bistable equation, which is the simplest possible model of the upstroke of a calcium wave. Taken together, the results show that immobile buffers do not change the existence, uniqueness or stability of the traveling wave, while mobile buffers can eliminate a traveling wave. However, if a wave exists in the latter case, it remains unique and stable.      

具有庇护所的三种群捕食者-食饵模型

讨论了一类具有庇护所的自治三种群捕食者一食饵模型,运用Liapunov函数方法,得到了该模型持久性的充分条件．对于该模型的周期系统,在一定的条件下,将产生唯一一个全局渐近稳定的周期正解．对更具普遍意义的概周期现象,也得出了概周期正解唯一存在且全局渐近稳定性的充分条件．     

具性别和阶段结构的非自治二种群捕食者-食饵系统研究

讨论了一类食饵具有性别结构,捕食者具有阶段结构的非自治捕食者．食饵系统,运用Liapunov函数方法,得到了该系统一致持续生存的充分条件．对于该模型的周期系统,在适当条件下,存在唯一、全局渐近稳定的周期解．对更具普遍意义的概周期现象,也得出了概周期正解唯一存在且全局渐近稳定的充分条件．     

The uniqueness of wave solutions for the deterministic non-reducible n-type epidemic

In a recent paper, [8], we investigated the existence of wave solutions for a model of the deterministic non-reducible n-type epidemic. In this paper we first prove two properties left as an open question in that paper. The uniqueness of the wave solutions at all speeds for which a wave solution exists is then established. Only an exceptional case is not covered.     

A reaction-diffusion system of a predator-prey-mutualist model

Mutualism is part of many significant processes in nature. Mutualistic benefits arising from modification of predator-prey interactions involve interactions of at least three species. In this paper we investigate the Homogeneous Neumann problem and Dirichlet problem for a reaction-diffusion system of three species—a predator, a mutualist-prey, and a mutualist. The existence, uniqueness, and boundedness of the solution are established by means of the comparison principle and the monotonicity method. For the Neumann problem, we analyze the constant equilibrium solutions and their stability. For the Dirichlet problem, we prove the global asymptotic stability of the trivial equilibrium solution. Specifically, we study the existence and the asymptotic behavior of two nonconstant equilibrium solutions. The main method used in studying of the stability is the spectral analysis to the linearized operators. The O.D.E. problem for the same model was proposed and studied in [13]. Through our results, we can see the influences of the diffusion mechanism and the different boundary value conditions upon the asymptotic behavior of the populations.     

Non-linear age-dependent population diffusion

Summary A non-linear problem arising in the study of an age-dependent population diffusion is considered. Existence and uniqueness results together with a priori bounds for the growth of the population are obtained. Moreover the solutions are shown to depend continuously on the initial data.This work was done under the auspices of the G.N.A.F.A. of the National Research Council.     

Comparing functional responses in predator-infected eco-epidemics models

The current paper deals with the mathematical models of predator–prey system where a transmissible disease spreads among the predator species only. Four mathematical models are proposed and analysed with several popular predator functional responses in order to show the influence of functional response on eco-epidemic models. The existence, boundedness, uniqueness of solutions of all the models are established. Mathematical analysis including stability and bifurcation are observed. Comparison among the results of these models allows the general conclusion that relevant behaviour of the eco-epidemic predator–prey system, including switching of stability, extinction, persistence and oscillations for any species depends on four important parameters viz. the rate of infection, predator interspecies competition and the attack rate on susceptible predator. The paper ends with a discussion of the biological implications of the analytical and numerical results.     

一类时滞种群系统周期正解的稳定性

本文利用重合度论研究了一类时滞种群系统周期正解的存在性、唯一性及稳定性．     

Existence and uniqueness of solutions to a mathematical model of the urine concentrating mechanism

This paper establishes some results for the existence and uniqueness of solutions to a previously published mathematical model of the mammalian urine concentrating mechanism [H.E. Layton, Distribution of Henle's loops may enhance urine concentrating capability, Biophys. J. 49:1033-1040 (1986)]. In particular, the contraction mapping principle is used to show that for sufficiently small and sufficiently large values of a positive parameter β there exist unique solutions to the model, whether it be endowed with first-order kinetics or Michaelis-Menten kinetics. Large or small β corresponds to large or small rates of active transport of NaCl from the ascending limbs. The Schauder principle is used to show that there exist solutions to the model for physiologically reasonable reabsorption kinetics, including first-order and Michaelis-Menten kinetics for all values of β.     

一个造血模型的概周期正解

应用Ｓｃｈａｕｄｅｒ不动点定理,研究了一个造血模型概周期正解的存在性及唯一性。     

Spatially-explicit matrix models

This paper is concerned with mathematical analysis of the critical domain-size problem for structured populations. Space is introduced explicitly into matrix models for stage-structured populations. Movement of individuals is described by means of a dispersal kernel. The mathematical analysis investigates conditions for existence, stability and uniqueness of equilibrium solutions as well as some bifurcation behaviors. These mathematical results are linked to species persistence or extinction in connected habitats of different sizes or fragmented habitats; hence the framework is given for application of such models to ecology. Several approximations which reduce the complexity of integrodifference equations are given. A simple example is worked out to illustrate the analytical results and to compare the behavior of the integrodifference model to that of the approximations.