槐角化学成分及其抗骨质疏松作用研究

研究槐角的化学成分及其抗骨质疏松作用。利用硅胶柱、ODS反相硅胶柱、Sephadex LH-20凝胶柱和半制备型高效液相等色谱技术对槐角进行分离纯化,并结合化合物的理化性质和波谱数据确定化合物的结构。从槐角中分离得到15个化合物,分别为染料木素(1)、山萘酚(2)、鸢尾苷(3)、芒柄花苷(4)、α-鼠李异洋槐素(5)、鹰嘴豆芽素A-7-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(6)、南酸枣苷(7)、thevetiaflavon(8)、香豌豆酚-7-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(9)、山萘酚-7-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(10)、槲皮苷(11)、山萘酚-3-O-β-D-槐糖苷(12)、染料木素-7,4'-双葡萄糖苷(13)、槲皮素-3-O-β-D-槐糖苷(14)、山萘酚-3-O-β-D-槐糖-7-O-α-L-鼠李糖苷(15)。其中化合物6~12、14为首次从该种植物中分离得到,化合物7、8、10、14为首次从该属植物中分离得到。对所分离的化合物进行了抗骨质疏松体外药理活性筛选,结果表明除化合物7和15以外,其他化合物均具有促进成骨细胞增殖作用。     

藏药裸茎金腰的化学成分研究

用色谱技术对藏药裸茎金腰(Chrysosplenium nudicaule Bunge)全草化学成分进行分离鉴定,以UV、IR、MS,1HNMR、13CNMR、DEPT等现代谱学方法鉴定化合物结构,得到8个化合物：β-pdltoboykinolic acid,7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside-3’-4’-5-trihydroxy-3,6-dimethoxyflavone,5-甲氧基阿拉伯糖,β-谷甾醇,三十烷,8-甲基-二十八烷,9-甲基-2-三十二烯,1-环戊二烯-3-甲基-十九烷。这8个化合物均为首次从该植物中分离得到。     

黄花棘豆生物碱成分研究

采用硅胶柱层析、Sephadex LH-20和半制备HPLC等色谱手段对草原毒草黄花棘豆(Oxytropis ochrocephala Bunge)生物碱成分进行分离纯化,从全草提取物中分离得到8个生物碱成分。利用MS、1H NMR和13C NMR波谱技术鉴定化合物结构为槐定碱(1)、槐胺(2)、异槐定碱(3)、苦参碱(4)、7,11-去氢苦参碱(5)、槐果碱(6)、羽扇豆碱(7)和苦马豆素(8)。化合物1~6为首次从棘豆属植物中分离得到。     

马齿苋活性部位化学成分研究

通过溶剂提取、萃取及药理活性筛选方法得到了马齿苋的活性部位,运用色谱和波谱方法对马齿苋药材的活性部位进行了化学成分分离和结构鉴定。从中分离得到5个化合物,分别为尿嘧啶（uracil,1）、苯甲酸（benzoic acid,2）、肌醇（inositol,3）、腺苷（adenosine,4）、胡萝卜苷（daucosterol,5）,其中化合物1—3为首次从该种植物中分得。     

山豆根细胞毒活性成分研究

利用多种柱层析方法,从山豆根中分离得到四个生物碱,通过理化性质测定及波谱分析,分别鉴定为槐醇(1),13,14去氢槐醇(2),苦参碱(3)和氧化苦参碱(4),并首次利用MTT比色法测定了化合物1和2对体外培养的HL60及SMMC7721细胞增殖抑制率,同时分别考察了葛根素对二者增殖抑制试验的协同作用。     

观赏性珍稀濒危植物红皮糙果茶枝叶化学成分研究

在开展中国特有珍稀濒危植物化学成分及其生物功能研究中,我们运用硅胶、MCI和葡聚糖凝胶柱色谱以及半制备HPLC等分离纯化方法,首次对观赏性植物红皮糙果茶(Camellia crapnellia)枝叶中的化学成分进行了研究,得到7个单体化合物。结合理化性质和波谱数据与文献值对照分析鉴定了它们的结构,分别为:(-)-pinoresinol(1)、(±)-syringaresinol(2)、(±)-lariciresinol(3)、cytochalasin D(4)、blumenol B(5)、kaempferol-3-O-Lrahmnoside(6)和α-spinasterol(7)。其中化合物2~5为首次从山茶属植物中分离得到。对分离所得化合物进行了蛋白酪氨酸磷酸酯酶1B(PTP1B)抑制活性测试,结果显示均无明显活性。     

密毛番荔枝化学成分的研究

采用正相、反相硅胶,Sephadex LH-20凝胶,MCI树脂等层析方法对密毛番荔枝茎枝的化学成分进行分离纯化,运用现代波谱技术鉴定了9个化合物:槲皮素(1),圣草酚(2),原儿茶酸(3),丁香酸(4),N-p-hydroxy-cis-coumaroyltyramine(5),annonacin(6),annonacin-10-one(7),β-谷甾醇(8)和胡萝卜苷(9)。其中化合物3为首次从该属植物中分离得到,化合物1、2、4、5、8和9均为首次从该植物中分离得到。     

槐果皮中的脂溶性成分

首次对槐（Sophora japonica)果皮进行了化学成分研究,从其石油醚部分分离得到了7个化合物,它们的结构经波谱和化学方法确定为：（Z）－1,1′－biindenyliden(Ⅰ),lupenone(Ⅰ),β-sitosterol(Ⅲ),p-ethoxybenzoic acid(Ⅳ),hexacosoic acid(Ⅴ),nonadecyl alcohol(Ⅵ)和eicosanol(Ⅶ),其中化合物Ⅰ为新天然产物,其它均为首次从该植物中分离得到。     

越南槐根的抗HIV活性成分研究

为研究越南槐(Sophora tonkinensis)根的抗HIV蛋白酶活性成分及其分子对接机制,采用硅胶、MCI、Sephadex LH-20等多种色谱分离方法,对越南槐根的化学成分进行分离,采用HIV蛋白酶对化合物进行体外抗HIV活性筛选,运用分子对接手段初步探究活性化合物与HIV-1蛋白酶的结合机制。结果表明,从越南槐中共分离得到8个化合物,根据波谱数据分别鉴定为三叶豆紫檀苷(1)、苦参碱(2)、N-acetylnicotinamide (3)、2′-O-甲基腺苷(4)、毛蕊异黄酮苷(5)、玫瑰花苷(6)、环广豆根素(7)、芒柄花苷(8),此外还分离得到塑化剂衍生物邻苯二甲酸二(2-乙基)己酯(9)和邻苯二甲酸二异丁酯(10)。抗HIV蛋白酶活性测试显示化合物1和2的IC50分别为13.2和38.6μg/m L,分子对接表明其与HIV蛋白酶有一定的结合作用。化合物3～5为首次从该植物中分离得到,化合物1和2显示中等的抗HIV蛋白酶活性。     

苦木化学成分研究

运用各种柱色谱和重结晶等方法对苦木Picrasma quassioides(D.Don)Benn.进行分离纯化,得到五个化合物。通过NMR等现代波谱学方法和技术鉴定化合物的结构分别为:高丽槐素-3-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(trifolirhizin,1),高丽槐素(maackiain,2),3’,7-二羟基-4’-甲氧基异黄酮(3’,7-dihydroxy-4’-methoxyisoflavone,3),7-羟基香豆素(umbelliferone,4)和大黄素(emodin,5)。五个化合物均为首次从该属植物中分离得到。     

Recent advances in the study of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus replication and pathogenesis

It has now been over twenty years since a novel herpesviral genome was identified in Kaposi's sarcoma biopsies. Since then, the cumulative research effort by molecular biologists, virologists, clinicians, and epidemiologists alike has led to the extensive characterization of this tumor virus, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus(KSHV; also known as human herpesvirus 8(HHV-8)), and its associated diseases. Here we review the current knowledge of KSHV biology and pathogenesis, with a particular emphasis on new and exciting advances in the field of epigenetics. We also discuss the development and practicality of various cell culture and animal model systems to study KSHV replication and pathogenesis.     

The structure, reproduction and taxonomy of Vidalia and Osmundaria (Rhodophyta, Rhodomelaceae)

Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera.     

New or rare chromosome counts in Artemisia L. (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) and related genera from Kazakhstan

Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and Turaniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x = 9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted.     

肝癌中HBV和HCV基因和抗原的分布及意义

采用原位分子杂交方法检测HCV RNA及HBV X基因;采用免疫组织化学方法研究HCV核心抗原,非结构区C33c抗原及HBxAg在肝细胞肝癌中的定位及分布.结果表明(1)HCV RNA、HBV X基因在肝细胞肝癌组织检出率分别为40%(55/136)和82%(112/136).HCV RNA定位于癌细胞的胞浆内,阳性细胞呈散在、灶状及弥漫分布三种形式;HBV X基因在肝癌细胞中的分布呈胞浆型、核型及核浆型,阳性细胞也呈上述三种分布形式;(2)HCV C33c抗原、核心抗原在肝细胞肝癌中的阳性率为81%(133/164)及86%(141/164).C33c抗原定位于癌细胞及肝细胞的胞浆内;核心抗原既定位于癌细胞核中,又可定位于胞浆中.C33c抗原阳性细胞以灶状分布为主;而核心抗原阳性细     

Selection with two alleles and complete dominance

For a plant selection model with frequency-independent viabilities, fertilities and selfing rates, it is shown that apart from global fixation, for certain parameter combinations a protected polymorphism and facultative fixation (either allele may become fixed according to initial frequencies) may both occur. Facultative fixation requires different selling rates for the dominant and recessive type. Protection of the polymorphism requires resource allocation for male and female function. In this connection the problem of purely genetically caused population extinction is discussed.
For general frequency dependence and regular segregation, the chances for establishment of a completely recessive gene are compared to those of a completely dominant gene. It is proven that the process of establishment of the recessive gene, despite a fitness advantage, may be considerably endangered by drift effects if random mating prevails. The recessive gene may reach the same effectivity in establishment as a dominant gene, only if the recessive homozygote mates exclusively with its own type during the period of establishment.