聚乙二醇对ELP[I]40相变温度的影响

目的:研究聚乙二醇(polyethylene glycol,PEG)对类弹性蛋白(elastin-like protein,ELP)ELP[I]40相变温度(inverse temperature transition,Tt)的影响.方法:设计并合成ELP[I]40基因(由40个(VPGIG)五肽单元串联组成),表达纯化后,检测不同浓度PEG条件下ELP[I]40的Tt.结果:在ELP[I]40终浓度为25 μmol/L时,PEG浓度为5％,10％,15％,20％,25％时分别使Tt由29℃降至26.5℃,22℃,15.2℃,8.8℃,2.5℃.结论:PEG可降低ELP的Tt,可通过PEG促进ELP重组蛋白分离纯化.     

ELP[I]50标签在重组硫氧还蛋白分离纯化中的应用及PEG对其相变温度的影响

【目的】使用自行设计的类弹性蛋白(Elastin-like protein, ELP) ELP[I]50作为非色谱纯化标签, 分离纯化重组硫氧还蛋白(Thioredoxin, Trx), 并研究聚乙二醇(Polyethylene glycol, PEG)对ELP[I]50-Trx相变温度(Inverse temperature transition, Tt)的影响。【方法】人工合成Trx基因, 将其亚克隆到自行构建的表达载体pET28编码ELP[I]50标签下游, 转入大肠杆菌BLR(DE3)进行表达。融合蛋白表达后, 采用可逆相变循环(Inverse transition cycling, ITC)分离纯化, 并检测不同浓度PEG时的Tt值。【结果】成功表达、分离纯化出融合蛋白ELP[I]50-Trx, 检测出该蛋白浓度为25 μmol/L时, Tt为28.6 °C; 而当PEG的浓度为5%、10%、15%、20%时, Tt分别降至22.3 °C、15.9 °C、6 °C、0 °C。【结论】ELP[I]50标签高效纯化重组蛋白具有操作简便、成本较低、易于扩大的优势, 而PEG能降低蛋白的Tt值, 进一步增强分离纯化效果, 扩大使用范围, 可望应用于分离纯化多种重组蛋白。     

融合蛋白连接肽的研究进展

融合蛋白是将两个或多个基因的编码区首尾连接,由同一调控序列控制构成的基因表达产物。对于有连接肽的融合蛋白,连接肽的设计在其中起着决定性的作用。该文从连接肽的设计、构建、分类、功能以及用连接肽构建融合蛋白时出现的问题和问题的解决等几个方面作了综述。     

ELP_(30)-tag蛋白纯化能力的原核表达研究

目的:探究一种小分子量类弹性蛋白标签(elastin-like protein tag,ELP tag)——ELP_(30)-tag在原核表达系统中的蛋白纯化能力。方法:人工合成ELP_(30)-tag基因并将其构建于pET-28a(+)载体,结合2种内含肽(intein1和intein2)基因和增强型绿色荧光蛋白(enhanced green fluorescent protein,eGFP)基因,构建4个含有不同元件序列的原核表达载体:pET-ELP_(30)、pET-ELP_(30)-eGFP、pET-ELP_(30)-intein1-eGFP和pET-eGFP-intein2-ELP_(30);将表达载体转化大肠杆菌BL21(DE3),经IPTG诱导重组蛋白表达,并通过可逆相变循环(inverse transition cycling,ITC)纯化重组蛋白ELP_(30)、ELP_(30)-eGFP、ELP_(30)-intein1-eGFP和eGFP-intein2-ELP_(30),随后通过调节溶液pH值或添加二硫苏糖醇(DL-Dithiothreitol,DTT)分别诱导intein1和intein2断裂,最后再经ITC分离获得纯eGFP。结果:利用设计的ELP_(30)-tag成功纯化获得了重组蛋白ELP_(30)、ELP_(30)-eGFP和eGFP-intein2-ELP_(30);重组蛋白ELP_(30)-intein1-eGFP和eGFP-intein2-ELP_(30)中的内含肽可经诱导发生断裂而释放eGFP,但未能分离获得纯eGFP。由此为小分子量ELP-tag的运用和优化设计奠定了一定基础。     

ELP[Ⅰ]50标签在重组硫氧还蛋白分离纯化中的应用及PEG对其相变温度的影响

[目的]使用自行设计的类弹性蛋白(Elastin-like protein,ELP) ELP[Ⅰ]50作为非色谱纯化标签,分离纯化重组硫氧还蛋白(Thioredoxin,Trx),并研究聚乙二醇(Polyethyleneglycol,PEG)对ELP[Ⅰ]50-Trx相变温度(Inverse temperature transition,Tt)的影响.[方法]人工合成Trx基因,将其亚克隆到自行构建的表达载体pET28编码ELP[Ⅰ]50标签下游,转入大肠杆菌BLR(DE3)进行表达.融合蛋白表达后,采用可逆相变循环(Inverse transition cycling,ITC)分离纯化,并检测不同浓度PEG时的Tt值.[结果]成功表达、分离纯化出融合蛋白ELP[Ⅰ]50-Trx,检测出该蛋白浓度为25 μmol/L时,Tt为28.6℃;而当PEG的浓度为5％、10％、15％、20％时,Tt分别降至22.3℃、15.9℃、6℃、0℃.[结论]ELP[Ⅰ]50标签高效纯化重组蛋白具有操作简便、成本较低、易于扩大的优势,而PEG能降低蛋白的Tt值,进一步增强分离纯化效果,扩大使用范围,可望应用于分离纯化多种重组蛋白.     

蜘蛛杀虫肽与Bt-toxin C肽融合蛋白(BGT)基因的原核表达与蛋白质纯化

从质粒pCAMBIA2301-BGT中获得蜘蛛杀虫肽与Bt-toxin C肽融合蛋白(BGT)基因编码区全长,并构建了原核表达载体pET28a-BGT。将此质粒转入大肠杆菌BL21(DE3)中,获得有效表达,新蛋白的分子量约为51 kDa,主要以包涵体形式存在。在变性条件下以不同的咪唑和pH值洗脱方式进行比较,确定以咪唑为金属鳌合亲和柱层析的洗脱条件,获得了纯BGT蛋白。     

内含肽介导的蛋白连接技术及其应用

内含肽介导的蛋白质剪接是一种自发的翻译后事件,内含肽可介导其自身从前体蛋白上切除,同时将其两侧的外显肽连接起来.在过去10多年中,基于蛋白质剪接原理发展出的蛋白连接技术被广泛的用于蛋白质工程的研究中.这些技术打破了化学合成方法中对目标物大小的限制,有助于化学和生物学的研究.针对近年由蛋白质连接演化出来的新技术及其应用做简要的阐述.     

高中综合实验设计——以"表达和纯化红色荧光蛋白标记的类弹性蛋白"为例

以类弹性蛋白(elastin-like polypeptide,ELP)作为非色谱纯化标签,分离纯化红色荧光蛋白 mCherry.ELP 与△ I-CM(intein cleavage mutant)的 N 端连接,mCherry 片段与△I-CM的C端连接,在ELP的N端插入GFP片段,用于检测蛋白纯度.采用低温诱导...     

利用小肽控制的基于蛋白质内含子非层析标签制备重组蛋白(英文)

基于蛋白质内含子的蛋白质纯化自我断裂标签已经被广泛使用超过15年之久.但这一系统体内表达过程的提前断裂一直是限制这一技术广泛应用的瓶颈,特别是在需要高温表达和长表达周期的真核表达系统中.本研究介绍了一种利用小肽控制的基于蛋白质内含子和非层析标签ELP(elastin-like polypeptide)的自我断裂系统.在这一系统中,蛋白质内含子的体内外活性严格受到其结构互补小肽控制.在体内表达不含有互补小肽时,蛋白质内含子不具有活性;而在体外添加结构互补小肽,蛋白质内含子结构恢复并发生C端断裂反应释放目的蛋白.由于非层析标签ELP的引入,因此整个纯化过程可以简单地通过几步机械沉淀完成.此外,这一系统反应pH、小肽与前体蛋白之间的摩尔比及断裂速率也一并进行了系统的研究.     

异源基因α1,3半乳糖转移酶与增强型绿色荧光蛋白融合对荧光蛋白表达的影响

目的 研究异源(猪)基因α1,3半乳糖转移酶(3GT)与增强型绿色荧光蛋白(EGFP)基因形成的融合蛋白对其荧光表达量的影响.方法 BamHI,EcoRI酶切pcDNA3.1-α1,3GT重组载体后,回收含α1,3GT的片段,与BamHI、EcoRI酶切回收的pEGFP-N1载体连接,并酶切、测序鉴定重组真核表达载体p...     

Comparative Affinities of Adrenomedullin (AM) and Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide (CGRP) for [125I] AM and [125I] CGRP Specific Binding Sites in Porcine Tissues

Abstract

We have investigated the binding characteristics of rat [¹²⁵I] adrenomedullin (AM) and human [¹²⁵I] calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) to membranes prepared from a number of porcine tissues including atrium, ventricle, lung, spleen, liver, renal cortex and medulla. These membranes displayed specific, high affinity binding for [¹²⁵I] rat AM and [¹²⁵I] human CGRP. Porcine lung displayed the highest density of binding sites for radiolabeled AM and CGRP followed by porcine renal cortex. Competition experiments performed with [¹²⁵I] rat AM indicated that the rank order of potencies of various peptides for inhibiting [¹²⁵I] rat AM binding to various tissues were rat AM ≥ human AM ≥ human AM(22–52) > hαCGRP ≥ hαCGRP(8–37) <<<< sCT except spleen, atrium, renal cortex and renal medulla where rAM and hAM were 20–300 fold more potent than hAM(22–52). When the same experiments were performed using [¹²⁵I] hαCGRP as the radioligand, the rank order potencies for various peptides were rAM = hAM > hαCGRP > hαCGRP(8–37) in most of the tissues except in spleen and liver. where hαCGRP was the most potent ligand. In lung, hαCGRP was almost as potent as rAM and hAM in displacing [¹²⁵I] hαCGRP binding. These data suggest the existence of distinct CGRP and AM specific binding sites in contrast to previous reports that showed that both peptides interact differently in rat tissues.     

杀伤血管内皮生长因子受体 1 阳性细胞的靶向毒素

白喉毒素 (diphtheria toxin DT) 是棒状白喉杆菌被β噬菌体感染后分泌的一种外毒素. 它可以阻断真核细胞的蛋白质合成,杀死细胞. 血管内皮生长因子 (VEGF) 的 R82A, K84A, H86A 突变体可以和肿瘤血管上高表达的 VEGF 受体 1 (VEGFR-1) 特异性结合. 首先从白喉杆菌中提取基因组 DNA,扩增出白喉毒素 C 区、 T 区基因. 并运用点突变技术,制成 VEGF 的 R82A, K84A, H86A 突变体. 利用这个可以和肿瘤血管上特异性受体相结合的 VEGF 的突变体,代替白喉毒素上的受体结合区,制成了针对 VEGFR-1 的靶向融合毒素——— DT391-mVEGF. 以去除了受体结合区的 DT391 为阴性对照,细胞实验表明,融合毒素对 VEGFR-1 阳性的肿瘤细胞有特异性杀伤作用.     

N-糖基化对TNFR-Fc融合蛋白结构稳定性和生物活性的影响

目的:探究糖基化对TNFR-Fc融合蛋白结构、稳定性和生物活性的影响。方法:经N-糖酰胺酶F(PNGase F)切除TNFR-Fc融合蛋白所连的糖链,用SEC-HPLC、傅里叶变换红外光谱法和荧光光谱法等方法分析N-糖基化和去糖基化后重组蛋白的结构变化,通过加速稳定性实验和毛细管电泳检测对比其酶切前后稳定性变化,其生物活性的差异经细胞杀伤实验进行比较。结果:去糖基化后TNFR-Fc融合蛋白质分子质量略有降低,其构象、荷电性质及生物活性没有明显差异;然而切除N-糖链,TNFR-Fc二聚体的稳定性降低,蛋白质降解物明显增加。结论:去N-糖基化对TNFR-Fc的构象、荷电性质和生物活性的影响并不显著,但会影响TNFR-Fc融合蛋白的稳定性。     

FLAG融合短肽在重组蛋白质纯化中的应用

FLAG融合标签由八个氨基酸组成(AspTyrLysAspAspAspAspLys),专门设计用于重组蛋白质的免疫吸附纯化。现已发展出了多个针对该短肽的抗体,包括M1、M2和M5单克隆抗体。FLAG标签与融合的重组蛋白质之间一般含有一个肠激酶切割位点,可以用肠激酶切割除去。FLAG融合标签技术具有简单、快速进行定量检测的优点,在重组蛋白质的分离纯化中应用广泛。     

Spirocyclic NK(1) antagonists I: [4.5] and [5.5]-spiroketals

A series of novel spiroketal-based NK(1) antagonists is described. The effect of modifications to the spiroether ring and aromatic substituents are discussed, leading to the identification of compounds with high affinity and excellent CNS penetration.     

The synthesis and molecular structure of diiodooctacarbonyldiosmium(I), [Os2(CO)8I2]

The compound, diiodooctacarbonyldiosmium(I), [Os₂(CO)₈I₂], has been prepared by a route involving only atmospheric pressures. Its structure has been determined by X-ray crystallography. The crystals are tetragonal with a = 11.791(2), c = 23.583(4) Å, Z = 8, D_c = 3.48 Mg m⁻³. A total of 1637 reflections were collected out to θ = 25° on a CAD4 diffractometer in ω—2θ mode using Mo Kα (λ = 0.7107 Å) radiation. Lp and empirical absorption corrections were applied. The structure was solved in the space group I4₁cd using conventional heavy atom methods and refined to R = 0.0477 [R_w = 0.0424, w = (σ²F)⁻¹]. The molecule of [Os₂(CO)₈l₂] has two crystallographically equivalent halves joined by a single OsOs bond of length 2.947(3) )Å. There are no bridging ligands. The geometry about each osmium is pseudo-octahedral and the iodine atoms occupy equatorial positions with an OsI distance of 2.767(3) Å. The equatorial ligands on one osmium atom are staggered with respect to the equatorial ligands on the other osmium atom.     

Impact of Protein Domains on PE_PGRS30 Polar Localization in Mycobacteria

PE_PGRS proteins are unique to the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex and a number of other pathogenic mycobacteria. PE_PGRS30, which is required for the full virulence of M. tuberculosis (Mtb), has three main domains, i.e. an N-terminal PE domain, repetitive PGRS domain and the unique C-terminal domain. To investigate the role of these domains, we expressed a GFP-tagged PE_PGRS30 protein and a series of its functional deletion mutants in different mycobacterial species (Mtb, Mycobacterium bovis BCG and Mycobacterium smegmatis) and analysed protein localization by confocal microscopy. We show that PE_PGRS30 localizes at the mycobacterial cell poles in Mtb and M. bovis BCG but not in M. smegmatis and that the PGRS domain of the protein strongly contributes to protein cellular localization in Mtb. Immunofluorescence studies further showed that the unique C-terminal domain of PE_PGRS30 is not available on the surface, except when the PGRS domain is missing. Immunoblot demonstrated that the PGRS domain is required to maintain the protein strongly associated with the non-soluble cellular fraction. These results suggest that the repetitive GGA-GGN repeats of the PGRS domain contain specific sequences that contribute to protein cellular localization and that polar localization might be a key step in the PE_PGRS30-dependent virulence mechanism.