Photosynthesis and Water Use Efficiency of Platycladus Orientalis and Robinia Pseudoacacia Saplings under Steady Soil Water Stress during Different Stages of Their Annual Growth Period

A simulated drought experiment was conducted in a rain-free shed to test the physiological response of Platycladus orientalis and Robinia pseudoacacia saplings to steady soil water stress during different stages. The five soil water treatments were： 100%, 87.84%, 70%, 52.16% and 40% of field capacity. The results showed that the net photosynthetic rate of R. pseudoacacia decreased as soil water potential decreased in the range between -0.041 MPa and -0.292 MPa. The threshold value at which the net photosynthetic rate changed significantly was -0.12 MPa. The relationship between net photosynthetic rate of P. orientalis and soil water potential could be described as a quadratic parabola in the range between -0.041 MPa and -0.648 MPa. Analysis of variance showed significant differences in the net photosynthetic rate of P. orientalis between soil water potentials of -0.061 MPa ~, -0.648 MPa. Average water use efficiency （WUE） increased as soil water potential decreased, but the influence mechanism of soil water stress on leaf WUE and photosynthetic rate for the two species were different evidently.     

金矮生苹果土壤水分合理供给范围研究

对7年生田间和2年生盆栽金矮生苹果(Malus pumila)不同土壤水分(SWC)条件下水分利用效率(WUE)研究表明。SWC约为10％时,WUE最大值在所有处理中最高(230μmolCO₂·g^-1 H2O);在水分供应充足时,WUE最大值只有160μmolCO₂·g^-1 H2O左右,各SWC水平间差异不显著．WUE随SWC的变化与光照条件有关。     

水分对胡杨幼苗光合及生长特性的影响

采用盆栽控制实验方法对不同水分条件下胡杨幼苗的光合日变化以及生长特性进行分析研究.结果显示:(1)不同水分条件下胡杨幼苗的净光合速率(Pn)、气孔导度(Gs)、胞间CO2浓度(Ci)和蒸腾速率(Tr)日变化曲线均呈单峰型,峰值时间均在12:00;当土壤含水量为21.6%～24.0%时,幼苗的水分利用效率(WUE)日变化曲线呈不明显的双峰型,峰值时间分别在8:00和18:00,其他处理均为单峰型,但峰值时段有差异;随着土壤含水量的减小,胡杨幼苗的Pn、Gs、Ci和Tr日均值逐渐降低,当土壤含水量为12.0%～19.2%时,幼苗的WUE日均值显著高于其他处理.(2)幼苗的株高、基径、各器官的生物量及总生物量均随土壤含水量的减小而降低,当土壤含水量为12.0%～19.2%时,幼苗地下生物量的降低程度大于地上生物量,且幼苗的根冠比也增大.研究表明,土壤含水量对胡杨幼苗的光合特性及其生长具有显著影响,当土壤含水量大于12.0%时,幼苗能够通过增大水分利用效率,改变根冠比提高抗旱性;当土壤含水量小于9.6%时,幼苗自我调节能力减弱,生长受到抑制.     

辽东楤木光合和蒸腾作用对光照和土壤水分的响应过程

应用CIRAS-2型便携式光合作用系统,测定了不同土壤含水量下辽东楤木光合作用与蒸腾作用的光响应过程,探讨了辽东楤木对光照环境和土壤水分的适应性.结果表明:辽东楤木的净光合速率(P_n)、蒸腾速率(T_r)和叶片水分利用效率(WUE)对光量子通量密度(PFD)的响应过程不同;在强光范围内(PFD 800～1 800 μmol·m^-2·s^-1),随着光强增加,辽东楤木的P_n变化较小,而T_r逐渐减小,WUE明显提高.辽东楤木的光饱和点(LSP)和光补偿点(LCP)分别在800和30 μmol·m^-2·s^-1左右,且受土壤含水量变化的影响较小;但其光合量子效率(Ф)和暗呼吸速率(R_d)受土壤含水量变化的影响较大.辽东楤木的P_n和WUE对土壤含水量的变化有明显的阈值响应,其高效用水的土壤相对含水量(RWC)在44％～79％;在此范围内,辽东楤木能同时获得较高的光合速率和水分利用效率.     

The responses of stomata and leaf gas exchange to vapour pressure deficits and soil water content

The responses of leaf conductance, leaf water potential and rates of transpiration and net photosynthesis at different vapour pressure deficits ranging from 10 to 30 Pa kPa^-1 were followed in the sclerophyllous woody shrub Nerium oleander L. as the extractable soil water content decreased. When the vapour pressure deficit around a plant was kept constant at 25 Pa kPa^-1 as the soil water content decreased, the leaf conductance and transpiration rate showed a marked closing response to leaf water potential at-1.1 to-1.2 MPa, whereas when the vapour pressure deficit around the plant was kept constant at 10 Pa kPa^-1, leaf conductance decreased almost linearly from-0.4 to-1.1 MPa. Increasing the vapour pressure deficit from 10 to 30 Pa kPa^-1 in 5 Pa kPa^-1 steps, decreased leaf conductance at all exchangeable soil water contents. Changing the leaf water potential in a single leaf by exposing the remainder of the plant to a high rate of transpiration decreased the water potential of that leaf, but did not influence leaf conductance when the soil water content was high. As the soil water content was decreased, leaf conductances and photosynthetic rates were higher at equal levels of water potential when the decrease in potential was caused by short-term increases in transpiration than when the potential was decreased by soil drying.As the soil dried and the stomata closed, the rate of photosynthesis decreased with a decrease in the internal carbon dioxide partial pressure, but neither the net photosynthetic rate nor the internal CO₂ partial pressure were affected by low water potentials resulting from short-term increases in the rate of transpiration. Leaf conductance, transpiration rate and net photosynthetic rate showed no unique relationship to leaf water potential, but in all experiments the leaf gas exchange decreased when about one half of the extractable soil water had been utilized. We conclude that soil water status rather than leaf water status controls leaf gas exchange in N. oleander.     

干旱和复水对崖柏光合特性及水分利用效率的影响

以4年生崖柏(Thuja sutchuenensis Franch.)盆栽实生苗为材料,试验干旱和复水对崖柏光合特性及水分利用效率的影响。结果显示,在自然干旱处理过程中,叶片相对含水量(LRWC)在土壤相对含水量(SRWC)降至30%之后开始出现下降;净光合速率(P_n)、蒸腾速率(T_r)、胞间CO₂浓度(C_i)、光饱和点(LSP)和最大光合速率(P_max)随着土壤可利用水分的减少而逐渐降低;而表观量子效率(Q)、表观量子需要量(1/Q)及光补偿点(LCP)未发生明显变化;水分利用效率(WUE)则随着SRWC的下降而逐渐提高。在停止浇水50 d后(SRWC下降约95%),叶片萎蔫,净光合速率接近零,复水后3 d,净光合速率(P_n)恢复至对照的88.59%,WUE降至对照的88.63%。通过干旱-复水一系列生理指标的变化分析认为,崖柏为干旱避免型植物。     

Response of stem sap flow and leaf photosynthesis in <Emphasis Type="Italic">Tamarix chinensis</Emphasis> to soil moisture in the Yellow River Delta,China

Soil moisture is the main limiting factor for vegetation growth at shell ridges in the Yellow River Delta of China. The objective of this study was to explore the soil moisture response of photosynthetic parameters and transpiration in Tamarix chinensis Lour., a dominant species of shell ridges. Leaf photosynthetic light-response parameters and sap flow were measured across a gradient of relative soil water content (RWC), from drought (23%) to waterlogging (92%) conditions. Leaf photosynthetic efficiency and stem sap flow of T. chinensis showed a clear threshold response to soil moisture changes. Leaf net photosynthetic rate, water-use efficiency (WUE), light-saturation point, apparent quantum yield, maximum net photosynthetic rate, and dark respiration rate peaked at moderately high RWC, decreasing towards high and low values of RWC. However, peak or bottom RWC values substantially differed for various parameters. Excessively high or low RWC caused a significant reduction in the leaf photosynthetic capacity and WUE, while the high photosynthetic capacity and high WUE was obtained at RWC of 73%. With increasing waterlogging or drought stress, T. chinensis delayed the starting time for stem sap flow in the early morning and ended sap flow activity earlier during the day time in order to shorten a daily transpiration period and reduce the daily water consumption. The leaf photosynthetic capacity and WUE of T. chinensis were higher under drought stress than under waterlogging stress. Nevertheless, drought stress caused a larger reduction of daily water consumption compared to waterlogging, which was consistent with a higher drought tolerance and a poor tolerance to waterlogging in this species. This species was characterized by the low photosynthetic capacity and low WUE in the range of RWC between 44 and 92%. The RWC of 49–63% was the appropriate range of soil moisture for plant growth and efficient physiological water use of T. chinensis seedlings.     

银杏幼苗雌雄株对盐胁迫响应的差别

采用对盆栽银杏(Ginkgo biloba)雌雄幼苗浇灌NaCl(40?mmol L-1)溶液模拟土壤受盐胁迫的方法,研究银杏雌雄幼苗气体交换特征、内在水分利用效率(WUE)、游离脯氨酸含量(Pro)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)及过氧化物酶(POD)活性在盐胁迫下的差异.结果表明:(1)盐胁迫后雌株的净光合速率、气孔导度以及蒸腾速率与对照相比分别降低45.87%、25.00%、16.47%,而雄株的气孔导度、胞间CO2浓度和蒸腾速率分别升高了10.00%、8.10%、22.95%;(2)盐胁迫显著降低了银杏幼苗的WUE(P=0.020),与对照下相比,雌、雄WUE分别下降30.47%、46.38%;(3)盐胁迫显著提高了雄株的游离Pro含量,但对雌株影响不显著;(4)盐胁迫使银杏雌、雄幼苗SOD活性分别降低了22.96%、23.18%,但下降幅度均不显著.然而盐胁迫会显著降低雌株的POD活性,但对雄株无显著影响.上述结果同时表明,40?mmol L-1的NaCl溶液不仅会降低银杏雌雄幼苗的光合速率,影响气体交换,还会降低WUE、SOD及POD等酶活性,提高游离Pro含量,但雌株受到的负面效应小于雄株.与雄株相比,雌株在盐胁迫下能通过维持较高的光合速率贮藏能量,较低的蒸腾速率和较高的内在水分利用效率以减少水分散失,以及较高的抗氧化物酶活性来缓解盐胁迫带来的氧化胁迫,使其受到的负面影响减小.     

两种生态型榕树的叶绿素含量、荧光特性和叶片气体交换日变化的比较研究

比较盆栽 生榕树和两栖型树的形态差异、叶片叶绿素含量、叶绿素荧光特性和气体交换的日变化。两栖型榕树具有较发达的气生根和水生不定根,叶片比陆生榕树宽,并有向中生性 倾向,陆生榕树的叶绿素含量比两栖榕树高,净光合速率略高于水培两栖型榕树,但明显高于土培两栖型榕树,蒸腾速率以水培两栖型树最高,陆生榕树次之,土培两栖型榕树最低,线性回归分析表明,三者的叶片气孔导度与净光合速率变化均呈正相关,气孔导度的变化     

不同土壤水分条件下紫藤叶片生理参数的光响应

测定了不同土壤湿度下2年生紫藤叶片光合速率（P_n）、蒸腾速率（T_r）及水分利用效率（WUE）等生理参数的光响应过程,探讨了紫藤正常生长发育所需的土壤水分和光照条件.结果表明:紫藤叶片的P_n、T_r及WUE对土壤湿度和光照强度的变化具有明显的阈值响应.维持紫藤正常生长（同时具有较高P_n和WUE）的土壤湿度范围为:体积含水量（W_v）15.3%～26.5%、相对含水量（W_r）46.4%～80.3%,最佳土壤湿度约为W_v 23.3%、W_r 70.6%.紫藤叶片对光照环境的适应性较强,在光合有效辐射强度（PAR）为600～1 600 μmol·m^-2·s^-1时,P_n和WUE具有较高水平,饱和光强在PAR为800～1 000 μmol·m^-2·s^-1.紫藤叶片光合作用非气孔限制的发生与土壤湿度与光照强度密切相关,W_v为18.4%～26.5%、W_r为55.8%～80.3%时,光合作用主要受气孔限制,光照强度的影响较小;超出此范围后,其受光照强度的影响较大,出现由气孔限制转变为非气孔限制的PAR临界值.紫藤正常生长允许的最低土壤湿度约为W_v 11.9%、W_r 36.1%,允许最高PAR约为1 000 μmol·m^-2·s^-1,是紫藤叶片光合机构受到破坏的临界点.     

金矮生苹果水分利用效率研究

通过对金矮生苹果 ( Malus pumila CV.goldspur)在不同土壤水分和光照条件下叶片光合速率 ( Pn)和蒸腾速率( Tr)进行测定 ,并计算水分利用效率 ( WUE)。结果表明 ,由于光合有效辐射 ( PAR)和土壤水分 ( SWC)决定了金矮生苹果Pn和 Tr,从而影响到 WUE。在水分胁迫存在时 ,不同 SWC条件下的 WUE随 PAR的变化规律相差较大 ,SWC为 1 0 %(田间持水量 F C的 5 0 % )左右时 ,WUE最大值在所有土壤水分处理中居于最高 ( 2 30 μmol CO2 /g H2 O)。在水分供应充足时 ,尽管 WUE在达到最大值之后下降缓慢 ,但最大值只有 1 6 0 μmol CO2 /g H2 O左右 ,并且各 SWC水平之间差异不显著 ,模拟曲线基本重叠。 WUE随 SWC的变化与光照条件有关 ,光强范围在 5 0 0 相似文献   

土壤干旱条件下保水剂对多年生黑麦草光合特性的影响

以多年生黑麦草（Lolium perenne Linn．）为研究对象,对土壤干旱条件下（土壤含水量12．6％、10．5％、8．4％和6．3％）使用保水剂后叶片光合特性的动态变化进行了分析。结果显示：随土壤含水量的降低和胁迫时间（12d）的延长,多年生黑麦草叶片的净光合速率（Pn）、气孔导度（Gs）、蒸腾速率（Tr）和光能利用效率（LUE）呈逐渐下降的趋势;随土壤含水量的降低,胞间CO2浓度（Ci）逐渐升高、瞬时水分利用效率（WUE）逐渐降低,但随胁迫时间的延长Ci和WUE则呈现不同的变化趋势;总体上,在土壤含水量不同的条件下及不同的胁迫时间各指标均有显著差异（P〈0．05）。与未添加保水剂的各处理组相比,添加质量分数2％保水剂后多年生黑麦草叶片的Pn、Gs、WUE和LUE值均增大,而Ci和Tr值则降低,差异达显著水平（P〈0．05）。研究结果表明：合理使用保水剂能提高多年生黑麦草叶片的光合能力以及土壤的保水能力,增强多年生黑麦草对干旱环境的适应性。     

水分胁迫对黄河三角洲河口湿地芦苇光合参数的影响

通过盆栽试验,分析了多梯度土壤水分条件对黄河三角洲河口湿地淡水沼泽芦苇快速生长期叶片净光合速率(P_n)、蒸腾速率(T_r)、气孔导度(G_s)、胞间CO₂浓度(C_i)、水分利用效率(WUE)和光能利用效率(LUE)等光合参数的影响,探讨淡水沼泽芦苇正常生长发育适宜的土壤水分条件.结果表明：淡水沼泽芦苇的P_n、T_r、WUE及LUE对土壤水分的变化有明显的响应阈值.渍水状态不是淡水沼泽芦苇生理状态最好的水分条件.维持淡水沼泽芦苇快速生长期正常生长,适宜的土壤体积含水率(W_v)应大于25.7%(即相对含水率W_r>66.6%),最佳W_v为36.9%(W_r为95.6%),正常生长所允许的最低土壤含水率W_v为21.5%(W_r为55.7%).气孔限制是淡水沼泽芦苇对水分胁迫的主要响应机制.干旱胁迫下,淡水沼泽芦苇的最大净光合速率(P_{n max})和表观量子效率(AQY)均显著下降,其暗呼吸速率(R_d)降低,减少呼吸作用对光合产物的消耗,提高WUE,以维持较高的光合速率.     

平茬措施对天然沙冬青生理特性的影响

沙冬青(Ammopiptanthus mongolicus(Maxim.)Cheng f.)是我国二级珍稀濒危植物,由于自然条件的不断恶化使这一古老残遗物种种群受到威胁。本文以西鄂尔多斯国家级自然保护区内生长的天然沙冬青为材料,对平茬后经过3年恢复生长的萌蘖灌丛和未平茬的沙冬青灌丛的地上部生物量、叶片相对含水量(RWC)、叶水势(WPB)、净光合速率(Pn)、蒸腾速率(Tr)、水分利用效率(WUE)、气孔导度(Gs)和胞间CO2浓度(Ci)等指标进行了测定,并对平茬处理的各项生理指标变化进行了研究。结果显示:平茬后的沙冬青萌蘖灌丛经过3年的生长能恢复到平茬前的生物量;平茬与未平茬(对照)沙冬青叶片相对含水量差异不显著(P0.05),但平茬后的沙冬青叶水势日间(7∶00-19∶00)均显著高于对照(P0.05);平茬与未平茬沙冬青日间净光合速率、蒸腾速率均出现两个高峰值,且均有"午休"现象,平茬后的沙冬青萌蘖丛Pn日均值比对照升高了15.73%、Tr日均值比对照升高了15.57%、WUE日均值比对照升高了13.92%(P0.05);Gs日均值比对照也有所上升,且与Pn、Tr的变化趋势基本一致,但Ci的变化趋势与Gs、Pn和Tr相反。说明平茬处理对增加地上部生物量、提高其生理指标均有明显作用,能提高沙冬青潜在的生产力。     

贝壳堤岛旱柳光合效率的土壤水分临界效应及其阈值分级

为阐明黄河三角洲贝壳堤岛旱柳(Salix matsudana)叶片光合效率对土壤水分的适应机制, 明确其水分阈值效应, 以二年生旱柳为材料, 采用人工给水与自然耗水相结合获取系列水分梯度的方法, 测定分析贝壳砂生境下旱柳叶片光合效率参数对土壤水分的响应特征及其生产力分级。结果表明: 旱柳叶片净光合速率(P_n)、蒸腾速率(T_r)、水分利用效率(WUE)及光合光响应参数具有明显的水分临界效应。(1) P_n、T_r、WUE和潜在水分利用效率均随土壤水分的降低先升高后下降, 但各指标水分临界值表现不同步, 其中P_n水分气孔限制转折点和水分补偿点分别出现在相对含水量(W_r)为42.9%和14.4%时; P_n和T_r的水分饱和点为73.1%和68.9%, WUE水分高效点为80.1%; (2)水分胁迫下旱柳叶片具有明显的光抑制现象, 可通过减弱对光的利用来适应水分逆境。随土壤水分的增加, 表观量子效率(AQY)、光饱和点(LSP)和最大净光合速率(P_nmax)表现为先升高后降低, 但光补偿点(LCP)相反。P_n、AQY、LSP、P_nmax和暗呼吸速率(R_d)均表现为渍水胁迫明显高于干旱胁迫。W_r为69.1%时, LCP达到较低值(18.6 µmol∙m ^-2∙s^-1), AQY最高(0.05), 利用弱光能力较强。W_r为80.9%时, LSP达到最高(1775 µmol∙m ^-2∙s^-1), 光照生态幅最宽, 光能利用效率最高, 水分对光强的补偿效应显著; (3)采用临界值分类法确定出贝壳砂生境下旱柳光合效率的5级水分阈值, 73.1%_r<80.1%范围内为高产高效水, 此时旱柳具有较高的光合能力和高效生理用水特性。贝壳砂生境内旱柳表现出一定的耐水湿而不耐干旱的适应特性, 在干旱缺水的贝壳堤岛滩脊地带栽植时需充分考虑其水分环境。     

土壤含水量和光照对沙地柏光合生理指标的影响

试验采用人工控制土壤水分的方法,测定不同土壤含水量条件及有效辐射强度下沙地柏苗木的蒸腾速率、净光合速率、水分利用效率等指标,分析沙地柏在不同土壤含水量和光照条件下影响的光合生理响应特征及其变化规律。土壤含水量(SWC)用称重法测定,将硬塑盆中的土壤水分含量设置为7.5%,10%,12.5%,15%,17.5%,20%等6个不同的处理,每天进行称重,瞬时土壤水分含量用TDR100土壤水分测速仪(上海赛弗生物公司)测定,用Li-6400光合测定仪(美国LI-COR公司)测定沙地柏在不同土壤水分条件下光合生理指标。研究表明沙地柏的蒸腾速率、净光合速率均随着土壤含水量的增加呈先上升后下降的趋势。光合有效辐射在400—2000μmol·m^-2·s^-1范围内,沙地柏的净光合速率、蒸腾速率和水分利用率均呈现最高值。土壤水分含量在18.71%,17.99%和12.44%时,沙地柏的净光合速率、蒸腾速率和水分利用率达到最高值。土壤含水量12.44%—18.71%是沙地柏生长最适宜的土壤水分区间。在实践中利用沙地柏最适宜的土壤水分区间对沙地柏的栽植和生长可以进行...     

塔里木河上游胡杨与灰杨光合水分生理特性

在自然条件下对塔里木河上游优势树种-胡杨、灰杨的光合水分生理特性进行比较研究.结果表明,整个生长季胡杨、灰杨的光合速率(Pn)、蒸腾速率(Tr,除8月份)日进程均为单峰曲线,水分利用效率(WUE)变化无明显规律性.胡杨与灰杨12:00后Pn的下降主要取决于非气孔因素限制.胡杨Pn、WUE高于灰杨,而Tr低于灰杨,表明胡杨属高光合、低蒸腾、高WUE型树种,灰杨属低光合、高蒸腾、低WUE型树种.胡杨、灰杨枝水势(Ψw)、清晨与正午水势日进程均呈"V"字型曲线,胡杨水势日变幅、正午水势月变幅均小于灰杨,但两树种水势间无显著差异.胡杨与灰杨具有较强的水分吸收和减少水分丧失的能力,但胡杨调节气孔导度(Gs)控制蒸腾失水的能力较强,对干旱环境表现出更强的生态适应性,从而导致两树种产生了种群地理分化.     

土壤水分与短期遮光对棉花光合及其气孔响应的影响

以陆地棉（Ｇｏｓｓｙｐｉｕｍ ｈｉｒｓｕｔｕｍ Ｌ．Ｚｈｏｎｇｍａｉｎ,Ｎｏ２３）为供试材料,探讨了在充分供水－水分胁迫－复水的处理过程中,短期不同遮光水平对棉花光合特性及其气孔响应的影响。结果表明,在水分处理过程中,所有不同遮光水平的棉花叶片对短期遮光具有相似的基本响应规律;短期遮光使净光合速率迅速降低,气孔导度减少,但减少速率缓慢;遮阳网去掉后,叶片气 重新开放速率和光合恢复被延迟,水分胁迫期     

The effect of soil drought on water-use efficiency in a contrasting Great Basin desert and Sierran montane species

Abstract. The effect of soil drought on water-use efficiency (WUE) and water relations was examined for potted Artemisia tridentata Nutt. and Pinus ponderosa Laws., a dominant Great Basin desert shrub and a Sierran montane tree, respectively. Before the onset of drought, A. tridentata had slightly higher photosynthetic rates than P. ponderosa and A. tridentata maintained positive photosynthetic rates at substantially lower water potentials (Ψ). Complete stomatal closure and cessation of photosynthesis occurred at a Ψ of ca. −2.5 MPa for P. ponderosa and less than −5.0 MPa for A. tridentata. Repeated drought cycles caused a small increase in bulk modulus of elasticity for A. tridentata and neither species exhibited significant osmotic adjustment. WUE was similar at Ψ≥−1.0 MPa but as Ψ decreased P. ponderosa consistently maintained higher WUE than A. tridentata. The primary factor contributing to higher WUE for P. ponderosa was the rapid decrease in stomatal conductance with decreasing Ψ. Comparatively low WUE for A. tridentata , a drought tolerant species, suggests that efficient use of water is a conservative ecophysiological 'strategy' that can be detrimental in a competitive water-limited environment. The combination of profligate use of water and a high degree of drought tolerance may be a more successful combination of physiological characteristics in certain dry habitats.     

山杏叶片光合生理参数对土壤水分和光照强度的阈值效应

以半干旱黄土丘陵区主要灌木树种山杏(Prunus sibirica)为试验材料, 应用CIRAS-2型光合作用仪测定不同土壤质量含水量(W_m)下山杏叶片净光合速率(P_n)、蒸腾速率(T_r)及水分利用效率(WUE)的光响应过程, 探讨山杏光合特性对土壤水分和光照条件的适应性。结果表明: P_n、T_r及WUE对W_m和光照强度的变化有明显的阈值响应。随着W_m (6.5%-18.6%)的递增, 光补偿点降低, 光饱和点、表观量子效率和最大净光合速率均升高; 在W_m为18.6%时, 山杏利用弱光和强光的能力最强, 光照生态幅最宽。随着W_m (9.2%-18.6%)的递增, P_n、T_r有明显升高的趋势, 水分过高或过低, 两者均呈现下降趋势; 山杏对光照环境的适应性较强, 在光合有效辐射为800-1 200 µmol∙m^-2∙s^-1时, P_n和WUE都具有较高水平, 饱和光强在983-1 365 µmol∙m ^-2∙s^-1之间。以光合生理参数为指标对山杏土壤水分有效性及生产力进行分级与评价, 确定W_m < 9.2%或W_m > 22.3%时为“低产中效水”; W_m在20.5%-22.3%和9.2%-12.9%时, 分别为“中产低效水”和“中产中效水”; W_m在12.9%-20.5%时为“高产高效水”。其中W_m为18.6%时为“最佳产效水”, 对应光强为1 365 µmol∙m^-2∙s^-1。