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1.
肿瘤干细胞的生物学特性及其研究进展   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
肿瘤干细胞(cancer stem cells,CSC)是肿瘤组织中存在的一类干细胞,具有自我更新、无限增殖能力及致瘤性。大量研究显示,血液系统及实体瘤中均存在CSC。综述了CSC生物学特性的最新研究进展,包括寻找表面标记物、确定CSC微环境、分选与鉴定CSC、探索肿瘤细z胞和CSC之间的转化、研究CSC耐药性和耐药机制。利用肿瘤的这些生物学特性选择性杀伤肿瘤干细胞的靶分子疗法,为克服肿瘤耐药的复发与转移提供新的策略。CSC的研究为人们对肿瘤生物学特性的进一步认识提供了新的思路,并为肿瘤的临床治疗提供了新的希望。  相似文献   

2.
白血病干细胞的生物学特性   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
何鹏  张伶 《生命的化学》2007,27(1):25-27
白血病干细胞是第一个被确认的肿瘤干细胞,在白血病的形成和病情的发展中具有重要作用。深入研究其生物学特性将为白血病的发病机制以及干细胞靶向治疗奠定理论基础。该文介绍白血病干细胞的免疫表型、自我更新机制、生存优势及多重耐药等。  相似文献   

3.
胚胎干(embryonic stem,ES)细胞来源于植入前的胚胎.在体外培养条件下,可保持分化成机体各种类型细胞的能力,即全能性.因此,胚胎干细胞被广泛用作研究胚胎发生、发育的细胞模型,也是目前开展细胞移植性治疗研究的重要来源.揭示维持ES细胞自我更新和全能性的分子调控机制,是ES细胞基础研究和临床治疗基础研究的重要领域.目前研究发现,不同的信号通路、转录因子及其通过激活ES细胞特异性表达谱对维持ES细胞多能性、自我更新发挥关键作用。  相似文献   

4.
原发性肝癌是一种发生在肝脏的侵袭性肿瘤,具有极易发生转移和复发的特点.原发性肝癌主要包括肝细胞癌、肝内胆管癌、混合肝细胞胆管癌和纤维板层型肝细胞癌等.目前,手术切除、放射性和化学治疗仍是肝癌治疗的主要手段,但其特异性差、临床效果有限,肝癌患者5年总生存率仅为18%.肝癌干细胞是存在于肝癌组织中特定的细胞亚群,具有自我更...  相似文献   

5.
代谢异常是肿瘤的重要特征之一。肿瘤细胞通过代谢重编程来满足恶性增殖所需的能量和生物大分子,并维持氧化还原稳态,促进癌细胞的存活和转移。肿瘤细胞内的代谢酶重塑和肿瘤微环境共同驱动肿瘤细胞代谢重编程,进而促进肿瘤的发生发展。该文综述了肿瘤糖代谢重编程的过程和作用,并结合该实验室的研究工作提出靶向肿瘤代谢的治疗策略。  相似文献   

6.
肿瘤干细胞是肿瘤中一小群具有自我更新和分化能力的细胞,是肿瘤发生、转移、治疗抵抗和复发的关键。肿瘤干细胞处于特定微环境中,其数量维持、自我更新和分化均受到微环境的精细调控,其中免疫微环境是肿瘤干细胞最关键的微环境之一。近年来肿瘤免疫疗法取得了较大成功,但是免疫治疗后耐药和复发频现,肿瘤干细胞与普通肿瘤细胞相比,具有更强的免疫逃逸能力,其在肿瘤免疫逃逸中的作用受到越来越多的关注。本文论述了肿瘤干细胞的发现历史和谱系来源,重点描述了肿瘤干细胞微环境中的免疫细胞类型,例如肿瘤浸润淋巴细胞、肿瘤相关巨噬细胞和肿瘤相关树突状细胞等,剖析了肿瘤干细胞-免疫细胞相互作用机制,并阐述了靶向肿瘤干细胞及其免疫微环境的干预策略。随着肿瘤干细胞-免疫细胞共培养、单细胞测序和谱系示踪等先进技术的发展和应用,通过靶向肿瘤干细胞与免疫细胞的相互作用或逆转免疫抑制性微环境,抑制肿瘤干细胞的免疫逃逸,有望为肿瘤免疫治疗的耐药和复发难题提供潜在解决方案。  相似文献   

7.
肿瘤干细胞与正常成体干细胞在自我更新与增殖分化能力、表型标记和强耐药性等诸多方面存在着相类似的生物学特征,所以肿瘤干细胞被推测为肿瘤发生的细胞起源。基于肿瘤干细胞与正常干细胞之间的相似性质和肿瘤发生的分子机制,科学家建立了一系列从肿瘤组织或肿瘤细胞系分离肿瘤干细胞的实验方法和研究肿瘤干细胞起源的动物实验模型。现就目前在肿瘤干细胞起源和生物学特性领域的研究作概括阐述。  相似文献   

8.
尿素循环是将机体代谢产生的氨经过一系列酶促反应生成尿素的过程,对于维持体内氨基酸水平及氨稳态有着重要的作用.完整的尿素循环几乎只在肝脏中进行,因此癌症中的尿素循环通常处于失调状态,肿瘤细胞可以通过调节尿素循环酶的表达来适应环境和调控生物合成,同时尿素循环失调会暴露出癌症的短板,了解尿素循环在癌症中的演变可以用于癌症的诊断和治疗.本文主要介绍尿素循环酶在不同肿瘤中的差异性调控,了解尿素循环在肿瘤细胞中的重编程,总结了尿素循环和肿瘤微环境、肿瘤治疗之间的关系.  相似文献   

9.
胚胎干细胞通过特殊内源性分子的表达,以及微环境中多种细胞因子和胞外基质的刺激,构成信号网络,共同调控自我更新.近年来,通过对Oct3/4、Nanog等胚胎干细胞特殊分子标记,以及LIF-STAT3,Wnt-β-连环素,BMP-Id等信号通路的研究,探讨了胚胎干细胞自我更新信号网络的分子机制.维持自我更新的关键在于胚胎干细胞生长微环境中的各种细胞因子和胞外基质的含量,以及细胞内源性特异分子表达量之间的平衡.  相似文献   

10.
肿瘤干细胞(cancer stem cells,CSCs)又称为肿瘤起始细胞(tumor initiating cells,TICs),是一类具有干细胞样特性的细胞群,能够起始肿瘤发生并具有自我更新和分化能力,是导致肿瘤异质性的主要原因之一,且呈现高度的化疗不敏感性和化疗耐药性,对于肿瘤的发生发展以及肿瘤复发至关重要....  相似文献   

11.
    
Breast cancer is the most commonly diagnosed and the most lethal cancer in females both in China and worldwide. Currently, the origin of cancer stem cells, the heterogeneity of cancer cells, the mechanism of cancer metastasis and drug resistance are the most important issues that need to be addressed. Chinese investigators have recently made new discoveries in basic breast cancer researches, especially regarding cancer stem cells, cancer metabolism, and microenvironments. These efforts have led to a deeper understanding of drug resistance and metastasis and have also indicated new biomarkers and therapeutic targets. These findings emphasized the importance of the cancer stem cells for targeted therapy. In this review, we summarized the latest important findings in this field in China.  相似文献   

12.
间充质干细胞是一类能够自我更新、具有多向分化潜能的成体干细胞。近年来,有证据认为间充质干细胞是肿瘤组织中基质细胞的祖先,因此间充质干细胞微环境与肿瘤转移的关系逐渐成为研究热点,但间充质干细胞对肿瘤转移是促进还是抑制,目前的研究并不一致。我们简要综述了间充质干细胞参与肿瘤转移的研究进展。  相似文献   

13.
    
Being the second leading cause of death globally, cancer has been a long-standing and rapidly evolving focus of biomedical research and practice in the world. A tremendous effort has been made to understand the origin of cancer cells, the formation of cancerous tissues, and the mechanism by which they spread and relapse, but the disease still remains mysterious. Here, we made an attempt to scrutinize evidences that indicate the role of stem cells in tumorigenesis and metastasis, and cancer relapse. We also looked into the influence of cancers on stem cells, which in turn represent a major constituent of tumor microenvironment. Based on current understandings of the properties of (cancer) stem cells and their relation to cancers, we can foresee that novel therapeutic approaches would become the next wave of cancer treatment.  相似文献   

14.
Cancer biology research over recent decades has given ample evidence for the existence of self-renewing and drug-resistant populations within heterogeneous tumors, widely recognized as cancer stem cells (CSCs). However, a lack of clear understanding about the origin, existence, maintenance, and metastatic roles of CSCs limit efforts towards the development of CSC-targeted therapy. In this review, we describe novel avenues of current CSC biology. In addition to cell fusion and horizontal gene transfer, CSCs are originated by mutations in somatic or differentiated cancer cells, resulting in de-differentiation and reprogramming. Recent studies also provided evidence for the existence of distinct or heterogeneous CSC populations within a single heterogeneous tumor. Our analysis of the literature also opens the doors for a novel hypothesis that CSC populations with specific phenotypes, metabolic profiles, and clonogenic potential metastasize to specific organs.  相似文献   

15.
肿瘤是一种多因素参与造成机体各系统功能平衡紊乱的代谢性疾病,代谢重编程是恶性肿瘤的重要特征之一.研究"代谢指纹图谱"的代谢组学,通过揭示肿瘤或药物引起的宿主内源性代谢物的变化,为肿瘤药物靶点的筛选提供了可能.但目前对代谢组在肿瘤药物靶点筛选中的整体性综述并不多见,因此,本文在介绍了代谢组学筛选肿瘤药物靶点的流程的基础上...  相似文献   

16.
精原干细胞自我更新和分化的调控   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
精原干细胞(spermatogonial stem cells,SSCs)是体内自然状态下惟一能将遗传信息传至子代的成体干细胞,它们能通过维持自我更新和分化的稳定从而保证雄性生命过程中精子发生的持续进行。了解SSCs自我更新和分化的调节机制有助于阐明精子发生机理,并为探究其他组织中成体干细胞增殖分化的调节机制提供依据。然而目前对于SSCs自我更新和分化的调控机制所知甚少。SSCs的更新与分化遵循特定模式,受以睾丸支持细胞为主要成分的微环境及各种内分泌因素如胶质细胞源神经营养因子(GDNF)、维生素、Ets转录因子ERM/Etv5等的调控。本文评述了SSCs更新与分化的模式以及上述因素对其更新、分化的调控,探讨了其中可能涉及的信号通路,以期为本领域及其他成体干细胞相关研究提供借鉴。  相似文献   

17.
Tumor budding occurs at the invasive front of cancer; the tumor cells involved have metastatic and stemness features, indicating a poor prognosis. Tumor budding is partly responsible for cancer metastasis, and its initiation is based on the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) process. The EMT process involves the conversion of epithelial cells into migratory and invasive cells, and is a profound event in tumorigenesis. The EMT, associated with the formation of cancer stem cells (CSCs) and resistance to therapy, results from a combination of gene mutation, epigenetic regulation, and microenvironmental control. Tumor budding can be taken to represent the EMT in vivo. The EMT process is under the influence of the tumor microenvironment as well as tumor cells themselves. Here, we demonstrate that the tumor microenvironment dominates EMT development and impacts cancer metastasis, as well as promotes CSC formation and mediates drug resistance. In this review, we mainly discuss components of the microenvironment, such as the extracellular matrix (ECM), inflammatory cytokines, metabolic products, and hypoxia, that are involved in and impact on the acquisition of tumor-cell motility and dissemination, the EMT, metastatic tumor-cell formation, tumor budding and CSCs, and cancer metastasis, including subsequent chemo-resistance. From our point of view, the tumor microenvironment now constitutes a promising target for cancer therapy.  相似文献   

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