Evidence of the oldest extant vascular plant(horsetails) from the Indian CenozoicOA

Equisetum(Equisetaceae) has long been a focus of attention for botanists and palaeontologists because,given its extensive and well-documented fossil record,it is considered the oldest extant vascular plant and a key element in understanding vascular plant evolution.However,to date,no authentic fossil evidence of Equisetum has been found from the Indian Cenozoic.Here,we describe a new fossil species,namely,E.siwalikum sp.nov.,recovered from the middle Siwalik(Late Miocene) sediments of Himachal P...     

Nuclear phylogenomics of angiosperms and insights into their relationships and evolution

Angiosperms(flowering plants) are by far the most diverse land plant group with over 300,000 species. The sudden appearance of diverse angiosperms in the fossil record was referred to by Darwin as the “abominable mystery,”hence contributing to the heightened interest in angiosperm evolution. Angiosperms display wide ranges of morphological, physiological,and ecological characters, some of which have probably influenced their species richness. The evolutionary analyses of these characteristics he...     

Honoring a legend:Celebrating the life and legacy of Professor Heng LiOA

<正>Professor Heng Li (李恒,March 9,1929-January 12,2023) was a legendary plant taxonomist and phytogeographer at the Kunming Institute of Botany,Chinese Academy of Sciences (Fig.1).She made important contributions to our understanding of China’s flora,including the biodiversity and biogeography of Dulong Valley and the Gaoligong Mountains,as well as the vegetation of plateau lakes and wetlands in Southwest China.     

Hydrogen sulfide,a signaling molecule in plant stress responses

Gaseous molecules, such as hydrogen sulfide(H_2S)and nitric oxide(NO), are crucial players in cellular and(patho)physiological processes in biological systems. The biological functions of these gaseous molecules, which were first discovered and identified as gasotransmitters in animals, have received unprecedented attention from plant scientists in recent decades. Researchers have arrived at the consensus that H_2S is synthesized endogenously and serves as a signaling molecule throughout the plant life cycle.However, the mechanisms of H_2S action in redox biology is still largely unexplored. This review highlights what we currently know about the characteristics and biosynthesis of H_2S in plants. Additionally,we summarize the role of H_2S in plant resistance to abiotic stress. Moreover, we propose and discuss possible redox-dependent mechanisms by which H_2S regulates plant physiology.     

International Journal of Super Species Research

International Joumal of Super Species Research (ISSN 1927-6621)is an open access, peer reviewed journal published online by BioPublisher.The journal publishes all aspects of super species research,containing super species,plant species and their biological aspects including life histories population dynamics molecular biosystematics co-evolutionary networks among plants and other organisms and mechanisms of speciation;as well as summarizing the current tin.derstanding of the biology of species including systematics,distribution,fossil history,genetics,anatomy,physiology,behavior,ecology,and conservation.     

Epigenomic modification and epigenetic regulation in rice

Epigenomes including genome-wide histone modification and DNA methylation profiles are important for genome activity and for defining gene expression patterns of plant development and responses to various environmental conditions.Rice is the most important crop plant and serves as a model for cereal genomics.Rice epigenomic landscape is emerging and the function of chromatin modification regulators in gene expression,transposon repression and plant development is being characterized.Epigenomic variation that gives rise to stable or transgenerational heritable epialleles related to variation of important agronomical traits or stress responses is being characterized in rice.Implication of epigenomic variation in rice heterosis is being exploited.     

Siwalik plant megafossil diversity in the Eastern Himalayas:A reviewOA

The Eastern Himalayas are renowned for their high plant diversity.To understand how this modern botanical richness formed,it is critical to investigate past plant biodiversity preserved as fossils throughout the eastern Himalayan Siwalik succession(middle Miocene-early Pleistocene).Here,we present a summary of plant diversity records that document Neogene floristic and climate changes.We do this by compiling published records of megafossil plant remains,because these offer better spatial and tem...     

Late Pliocene diversity and distribution of Drynaria(Polypodiaceae) in western Yunnan explained by forest vegetation and humid climates

The palaeodiversity of flowering plants in Yunnan has been extensively interpreted from both a molecular and fossil perspective. However, for cryptogamic plants such as ferns, the palaeodiversity remains poorly known. In this study, we describe a new ferny fossil taxon, Drynaria lanpingensis sp. nov. Huang,Su et Zhou(Polypodiaceae), from the late Pliocene of northwestern Yunnan based on fragmentary frond and pinna with in situ spores. The frond is pinnatifid and the pinnae are entirely margined. The sori are arranged in one row on each side of the primary vein. The spores have a semicircular to bean-shaped equatorial view and a tuberculate surface. Taken together with previously described fossils, there are now representatives of three known fossil taxa of Drynaria from the late Pliocene of western Yunnan.These finds suggest that Drynaria diversity was considerable in the region at that time. As Drynaria is a shade-tolerant plant, growing preferably in wet conditions in the understory of forests, its extensive existence may indicate forest vegetation and humid climates in western Yunnan during the late Pliocene.This is in line with results from floristic investigations and palaeoclimatic reconstructions based on fossil floras.     

前言:纪念Larry Dean Martin(1943—2013)（英文）

正Larry Martin’s glorious life and career came to a premature end on March 9,2013 at the age of 69.He was truly a rare,well-rounded,and great paleontologist.He published about 400 scientifi c contributions,including over 250 peer-reviewed papers that cover such a wide range of fi elds as avian fossils and evolution,Quaternary paleoenvironments and community evolution,paleoclimate and evolution,fossil rodents and carnivores,fossil history of bone disease,and Plains Indians.     

Virologica Sinica

<正>Aims and Scope Virologica Sinica is an academic journal which aims at presenting the cutting-edge basic and applied research on viruses all over the world.The journal publishes peer-reviewed original research articles and reviews,as well as commentaries and letters to the editor,to encompass the latest developments in all branches of virology,including research on animal,plant and microbe viruses.The journal welcomes articles on virus discovery,viral     

Bioenergy Plants: Hopes,Concerns and Prospectives

There are major concerns over both the security of energy supplies (declining supplies and political control) and the environmental costs associated with energy generation and use.The global consumption of carbon-containing fossil fuels for     

Virologica Sinica

<正>Aims and Scope Virologica Sinica is an academic journal which aims at presenting the cutting-edge basic and applied research on viruses all over the world.The journal publishes peer-reviewed original research articles and reviews,as well as commentaries and letters to the editor,to encompass the latest developments in all branches of virology,including research on animal,plant and microbe viruses.The journal welcomes articles on virus discovery,viral     

Virologica Sinica

<正>Aims and Scope Virologica Sinica is an academic journal which aims at presenting the cutting-edge basic and applied research on viruses all over the world.The journal publishes peer-reviewed original research articles and reviews,as well as commentaries and letters to the editor,to encompass the latest developments in all branches of virology,including research on animal,plant and microbe viruses.The journal welcomes articles on virus discovery,viral     

Virologica Sinica

正Aims and Scope Virotogica Sinica is an academic journal which aims at presenting the cutting-edge basic and applied research on viruses all over the world.The journal publishes peer-reviewed original research articles and reviews,as well as commentaries and letters to the editor,to encompass the latest developments in all branches of virology,including research on animal,plant and microbe viruses.The journal welcomes     

Corrections of wrongly spelled scientific names in Flora Reipublicae Popularis Sinicae

Flora Reipublicae Popularis Sinicae (FRPS,meaning "Flora of the People's Republic of China") (Delecti Florae Reipublicae Popularis Sinicae Agendae Academiae Sinicae,1959-2004),compiled by four generations of Chinese plant taxonomists over 45 years,is the most comprehensive Flora in the world.The Flora includes 50 million characters and 9080 plates contained in 80 volumes (126 books as well as an index) covering 301 families,3434 genera,and 31 180 species of Chinese vascular plants (Ma,2011).It is not only a scientific masterpiece comprehensively summarizing the achievements of Chinese taxonomy of vascular plants in the last hundred years,but also of great value to many other branches of scientific research concerning plant biodiversity,economic production,and government decision-making (Xia,2006).It won first prize in the 2009 National Natural Science Awards of China.     

Cellulose synthesis genes CESA6 and CSI1 are important for salt stress tolerance in Arabidopsis

<正>Soil salinity is a widespread abiotic stress constraint threatening agricultural production,as it severely inhibits growth and development of crops.Several salt stress signaling pathways have been discovered in the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana,which include components for sensing the stress,transmitting the signal and regulating the downstream genes(Deinlein et al.2014;Julkowska and     

Insights into cryptic speciation of quillworts in ChinaOA

Cryptic species are commonly misidentified because of high morphological similarities to other species.One group of plants that may harbor large numbers of cryptic species is the quillworts(Iso?tes spp.),an ancient aquatic plant lineage.Although over 350 species of Iso?tes have been reported globally,only ten species have been recorded in China.The aim of this study is to better understand Iso?tes species diversity in China.For this purpose,we systematically explored the phylogeny and evolution ...     

Understanding human diseases using Drosophila

One of the major goals of biomedical research is to elucidate the causal relationships of critical factors involved in the initiation and progression of human diseases at the molecular and cellular levels. This knowledge is required for developing effective treatments for major diseases including cancer, cardiovascular and metabolic diseases, as well as neurodegenerative diseases and neurological disorders. Because of their phylogenetic representations and relative ease of experimental manipulation, model organisms such as the budding yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae), the nematode worm (Caenorhabditis elegans), the fruit fly (Drosophila melanogaster'), the thale cress (Arabidopsis thaliana), the zebrafish (Danio rerio'), the frog (Xenopus laevis), and the mouse (Mus musculus}, have been extensively studied over the past century (Hedges, 2002;Muller and Grossniklaus, 2010;Dietrich et al., 2014).     

Characterization and Molecular Mapping of a New Virescent Mutant in Rice

Plant leaves play a significant role in photosynthesis. Normal chloroplast development is critical for plant growth and yield performance. Defect of the chlorophyll in chloroplasts may cause abnormal leaf colors, such as yellow, white, or stripe. Chloroplasts have their own genomes encoding for about 100 genes that are essential for plastid protein synthesis and photosynthesis （Kanno and Hirai, 1993; Sato et al., 1999）. Moreover, over 3000 proteins encoded by plant nuclear genomes target to the chloroplasts and participate in the chloroplast development and/or photosynthesis. Hitherto, a number of plant genes, which encode for enzymes involved in chlorophyll biosynthetic pathways,