Assessment of Heavy Metal Pollution in Urban Agricultural Soils of Jilin City,China

Due to rapid industrialization and urbanization during the last two decades, contamination of urban agricultural soils by heavy metals is on an increase all over China. In this study, fifty soil samples were collected from urban vegetable fields in a chemical industrial area and non chemical industrial area in Jilin City to investigate the heavy metal pollution level. The mean Pb, Cr, Cu, Ni, Zn, and Cd contents (30.84, 65.65, 26.41, 23.07, 135.14, and 0.1434 mg kg^?1 dry weight, respectively) in the urban vegetable soils were higher than their corresponding natural background values. The principal component analysis (PCA) was performed to identify the possible sources of metal contamination in the study area. The results indicated that Cu and Zn were mainly from industrial activities, while Pb and Cd were derived from traffic activities and agricultural activities, and Cr and Ni tended to be from parent material. The distribution of comprehensive pollution index values showed that Pb, Cr, Cu, Ni, Zn, and Cd concentrations in most of the agricultural fields did not exceed the baseline values affecting the safety of agricultural production and human health according to the soil environmental quality standard of China, indicating an insignificant contamination of these metals in Jilin City.     

深圳市不同功能区土壤表层重金属污染及其综合生态风险评价

在综合考虑深圳市城市功能区分异特征的基础上,进行全市表层土壤系统采样,全面监测土壤表层8种重金属元素污染状况,分析不同重金属元素含量的统计学特征,探讨不同城市功能区对土壤表层重金属污染的影响,采用内梅罗指数和潜在生态危害指数评估不同重金属元素和不同城市功能区的生态风险水平,分别进行基于两种方法的全市重金属污染生态风险分区。结果表明: 1)深圳市土壤表层的Mn、Ni、Cr和Pb 4种元素受人为活动的影响程度较低,Cd、Zn、Cu和As 4类元素受人为活动影响较大。地表环境约束因素背景下的高强度城市化和工业化过程,是各种重金属污染区域分异和功能区分异的决定性因素。2)深圳市土壤重金属污染风险较高的重金属元素为Cd、Zn、Cu和Pb,特别是Pb污染问题尤为突出,必须加强管控工作。深圳市总体土壤表层重金属污染风险水平高于国内相关城市,需要引起足够重视。3)内梅罗指数法和潜在生态危害指数法的侧重点不同,在单一重金属元素风险判断、不同城市功能区生态风险的总体评价,以及市域土壤重金属污染生态风险分级评价方面结果差异较大,组合使用效果更好。     

Distribution of heavy metals in soils and vegetables and health risk assessment in the vicinity of three contaminated sites in Guangdong Province,China

Due to rapid industrialization and urbanization, human activities like industrial and agricultural production, transportation, aggravate heavy metal pollution in soil and continue to endanger vegetables and human health. In this study, three contaminated areas affected by heavy metal pollution in Guangdong Province were investigated in terms of Cu, Zn, Pb, and Cd concentrations in soil and vegetables. Further analyses of the contamination status and potential risks to the health of residents consuming these vegetables were conducted. Results showed the following average heavy metal concentrations in vegetables and soil: Shaoguan > Guangzhou > Dongguan, indicating that mining has caused massive soil-heavy metal pollution. The heavy metal concentrations and Bioconcentration factors (BCFs) showed the following trend: leaf-vegetables > fruit-vegetables > root-vegetables, and those of vegetable type were as follows: Cd > Zn > Cu > Pb. The Nemero pollution index (PI) of all research region soils and hazard index (HI) exceeded 1. Hence, more attention should be paid to the potential for adverse health effects caused by the consumption of vegetables produced in these sites . Thus, effective measures are encouraged, with a focus on children due to their vulnerability to these heavy metals.     

Assessment of Heavy Metal Contamination in the Sediments of the Shuangtaizi Estuary Using Multivariate Statistical Techniques

In order to assess heavy metal pollution of sediment samples collected from Shuangtaizi estuary, contamination factor (CF) and multivariate statistical analyses, including principal component analysis (PCA), cluster analysis (CA) and correlation analysis, are carried out in this paper. CF confirms that Pb, Cu and Hg concentrations are very low and all fall within the range of background, while Zn and Cd demonstrate moderate contamination (in A10, A13, A15, A16 and A17 sites) and very high contamination (in A10, A13, A15 and A17 sites), respectively. The PCA indicates that four significant principal components (PCs) are extracted, explaining 88.959% of total variance, which suggests that Pb, Cu and Zn are mainly associated with organic carbon (OC). The result from CA is consistent with that obtained from PCA, classifying that the heavy metals in two clusters derive from different sources. Correlation analysis supports the conclusions from PCA and CA, elucidating the relationships between heavy metals and particle sizes of the sediments.     

重金属污染对珠江口红树林表层沉积物碳含量的影响

湿地沉积物是红树林生态系统中重要的组成部分,其总有机碳储量的变化对红树林生态系统的固碳能力有着重要影响。现有对红树林湿地重金属的研究多集中于污染评价,鲜有涉及重金属含量对沉积物总有机碳（TOC）含量影响的研究。于2018-2019年期间4次前往珠江口典型红树林湿地,采集了0-30 cm表层土壤沉积物的样品,并测定其重金属含量和TOC含量,以探讨重金属含量变化对TOC的影响。结果表明,与广东地区的背景值相比,研究区沉积物重金属含量超标较为严重,重金属来源应是人类活动;沉积物的重金属含量能够显著影响TOC含量（P<0.01,R²=0.39）,间接对红树林湿地的固碳能力、甚至全球变暖产生一定影响;Cd、As、Zn含量高的沉积物环境有利于TOC的积累,Cu、Cr、Ni、Hg含量低的沉积物环境则不利于TOC的积累。沉积物的重金属对TOC的影响的机制是非常复杂的,它们可以通过影响土壤结构、土壤化学组分、土壤内微生物、上部植被群落的生长以及凋落物归还等一系列过程,导致沉积物TOC和固碳能力的变化。     

工矿区不同类型生物结皮对大气降尘重金属的富集规律及其影响因子

大气降尘是矿区土壤重金属的主要来源,而生物结皮对大气降尘重金属有显著的富集作用。为探究不同类型生物结皮对大气降尘重金属的富集规律及其影响因子,选取宁东典型火电厂周边生物结皮广布区作为试验样地,3类生物结皮作为研究对象,并以临近裸土作为对照,对比分析了生物结皮富集大气降尘过程中土壤理化性质、酶活性及重金属含量的变化,采用相关分析、冗余分析和方差分解方法探讨了不同类型生物结皮的结皮层(A层)和层下土壤(B层)重金属含量与其土壤物理、化学性质及酶活性之间的关系。结果表明：燃煤烟尘是矿区大气降尘重金属污染的主要来源,涉及重金属元素包括Cd、Cr、Hg、Pb、Zn、As。生物结皮对源自大气降尘的重金属元素均具有显著的富集作用,且在不同演替阶段生物结皮间的富集规律完全一致：藓结皮>混生结皮>藻结皮;重金属综合污染指数评价结果显示：生物结皮对重金属具有表层富集效应,表现为A层污染程度高于B层。不同类型生物结皮A、B层综合污染指数存在显著差异,排序为：藓结皮>混生结皮>藻结皮;和对照相比,三类生物结皮均能通过富集大气降尘增加其A、B层养分和细颗粒物含量并改善土壤质地。方差分解结...     

重金属污染对红壤旱地小节肢类土壤动物群落结构的影响

土壤重金属污染对农田土壤节肢动物的影响是其环境风险评价和监测的重要方面。基于现有国家土壤环境质量二级标准(GB 15618—1995),设计2个浓度重金属Cd(0.3 mg/kg,0.6 mg/kg)、Pb(125 mg/kg,250 mg/kg)和As(30 mg/kg,60 mg/kg)污染的田间试验,分别研究Cd、Pb和As对红壤旱地小节肢类土壤动物群落组成和多样性的影响。结果表明,试验土壤小节肢类动物共11类群,其中符跳属、棘跳属、蜱螨目为本地区红壤旱地的主要类群,占全部捕获小节肢类土壤动物总数的78%。重金属Pb、As高浓度污染分别显著降低了土壤弹尾目的个体密度73.5%、55.2%,而Cd高浓度污染对其无显著影响,仅降低15.9%;As和Cd高浓度污染分别显著降低了土壤蜱螨目的个体密度74.3%、36.4%,而Pb高浓度污染对其无显著影响。Pb、As和Cd污染对小节肢类土壤动物群落多样性指数均无明显影响。因此,与丰度相比,多样性指数对重金属污染反应的灵敏度较差。主成分分析表明,前气门亚目、符跳属和棘跳属的得分值较高,为小节肢类土壤动物群落中的主导因子,可作为未来该地区重金属污染环境影响监测的重要指标生物和重金属污染阈值研究的重要生态受体。     

河南南阳不同生境土壤重金属含量及其对拟水狼蛛生物学特性的影响

为了探明重金属含量对拟水狼蛛Pirata subpiraticus生物学特性的影响, 本研究于2008年7月在河南南阳地区5种不同生境下, 共采集50份土壤样本和150头拟水狼蛛样本, 采用原子吸收光谱法测定了5种不同生境下雌拟水狼蛛体内重金属含量, 并测定了雌蛛头胸甲宽、体重、卵袋重量、卵数目和卵体积等生物学指标。结果表明：不同样点拟水狼蛛重金属含量与土壤重金属含量显著正相关, 4个重金属污染区与宝天曼自然保护区（Baotianman, BTM）拟水狼蛛体内Cd、Cu和Zn的含量差异极显著(P<0.001), 桐柏铜矿（Tongbai Tongkuang, TBTK）和南阳油田(Nanyang Youtian, NYYT) 的Pb含量与BTM的差异极显著(P<0.001), 主成分分析表明Cd、Cu和Zn是反应重金属污染的主要指标。在重金属胁迫下, 4个重金属污染区与保护区的拟水狼蛛头胸甲宽、雌体重量、卵袋重量、卵数目和卵体积差异均达到极显著（P<0.001）或显著水平（P<0.05）, 主成分分析表明背胸甲宽、卵袋重量和卵体积是重要生物学指标。 拟水狼蛛的背胸甲宽、卵袋重量和卵的体积与重金属含量显著相关, 重金属含量高的地方拟水狼蛛背胸甲宽较小, 雌性体重、卵袋重量和卵数目较小, 卵的体积大, 因此说明拟水狼蛛处在逆环境中时, 动物为保持总的繁殖力不变的前提下, 后代个体的大小与数目间满足某种平衡, 即达到协同进化的目的, 拟水狼蛛可以作为重金属污染的监测指示生物。     

Characteristics and diversity of microbial communities in lead–zinc tailings under heavy metal stress in north-west China

High-throughput 16S rRNA and 18S rRNA sequencing were performed to study the changes of soil microbial diversity and community structure under different heavy metal pollution levels in Chengxian lead–zinc mining area, Gansu Province. In this study, we characterized the main physicochemical properties, multiple heavy metal pollution, and microbial community structure of the soil in the tailings. The results show that the soil near the tailings pond was alkaline, barren and the heavy metals were seriously polluted. The microbial diversity and richness of S1 and S2 sites were significantly lower than that of CK2 site (P < 0·05), indicating that the heavy metal pollution could change the physicochemical properties and microbial community structure in soil. Among 97 identified core operating taxa of fungal communities, Ascomycota, Teguta and Basidiomycota were dominant at the phylum level, while among 1523 identified core operating taxa of bacterial communities, Actinomycota was dominant at the phylum level. In addition, the redundancy analysis and Spearman correlation analysis showed that the physicochemical properties and the heavy metal concentration had significant effects on the composition and distribution of soil microbial community. The basic characteristics of soil physicochemical properties, multiple heavy metal pollution and microbial community structure in the tailings were revealed, hoping to provide a basis for ecological rehabilitation of tailings by revealing the variance rule of microbial community diversity in the future.     

典型城市单元的土壤重金属溯源方法与实证研究

随着城市化进程的不断深入,土壤中重金属污染现状及其治理情况越来越受到重视,而查明污染源是有效治理污染的前提。源解析技术目前已广泛的应用于环境受体重金属来源解析实践中,总结了近年来土壤重金属成因分析的常用方法及原理,并提出了一种将多种方法相配合使用的方法体系。选取珠三角某市城郊农田作为研究对象,结果表明,Cd、Pb、Cu、Zn、As存在含量超过国家农用地筛选值的情况,其中Cd超标率高达60.1%。农业活动、工业生产、交通源和自然母质均对研究区土壤重金属的累积产生一定的贡献。正定矩阵因子分析法(PMF,Positive Matrix Factorization)模型模拟的Cd、Ni、Zn和Hg预测值与实测值线性拟合r~2均大于90%,其余元素r~2均大于60%,呈现出很好的相关性,满足研究需要。PMF模型和铅同位素比值法计算得到的交通及农业对土壤Pb累积的贡献率之和分别为86.0%和84.8%,PMF模型和物质流分析法计算得到的农业对土壤Cd的贡献率分别为86.7%和79.7%,结果均比较接近。结果表明正定矩阵因子法、同位素比值分析法,物质流分析法能很好的联用应用于土壤重金属源解析研究。     

Phospholipid Fatty Acid Composition and Heavy Metal Tolerance of Soil Microbial Communities along Two Heavy Metal-Polluted Gradients in Coniferous Forests

The effects of long-term heavy metal deposition on microbial community structure and the level of bacterial community tolerance were studied along two different gradients in Scandinavian coniferous forest soils. One was near the Harjavalta smelter in Finland, and one was at Ronnskar in Sweden. Phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) analysis revealed a gradual change in soil microbial communities along both pollution gradients, and most of the individual PLFAs changed similarly to metal pollution at both sites. The relative quantities of the PLFAs br18:0, br17:0, i16:0, and i16:1 increased with increasing heavy metal concentration, while those of 20:4 and 18:2(omega)6, which is a predominant PLFA in many fungi, decreased. The fungal part of the microbial biomass was found to be more sensitive to heavy metals. This resulted in a decreased fungal/bacterial biomass ratio along the pollution gradient towards the smelters. The thymidine incorporation technique was used to study the heavy metal tolerance of the bacteria. The bacterial community at the Harjavalta smelter, exposed mainly to Cu deposition, exhibited an increased tolerance to Cu but not to Cd, Ni, and Zn. At the Ronnskar smelter the deposition consisting of a mixture of metals increased the bacterial community tolerance to all tested metals. Both the PLFA pattern and the bacterial community tolerance were affected at lower soil metal concentrations than were bacterial counts and bacterial activities. At Harjavalta the increased Cu tolerance of the bacteria and the change in the PLFA pattern of the microbial community were found at the same soil Cu concentrations. This indicated that the altered PLFA pattern was at least partly due to an altered, more metal-tolerant bacterial community. At Ronnskar, where the PLFA data varied more, a correlation between bacterial community tolerance and an altered PLFA pattern was found up to 10 to 15 km from the smelter. Farther away changes in the PLFA pattern could not be explained by an increased community tolerance to metals.     

Levels,solid-phase fractions and sources of heavy metals at site received industrial effluents: a case study

Heavy metals in the site received industrial effluents were investigated to assess the pollution levels, distribution of metal among solid-phase fractions and possible metal sources. The soil samples at different depths of 0–5, 5–25 and 25–50 cm were collected and analyzed for Fe, Mn, Cd, Zn, Cu, Ni and Pb. Among all metals, Cd content was not detected in all soil samples. The average contents of Pb and Zn are higher than the corresponding values of common range in earth crust. Meanwhile, the maximum contents of Cu and Zn are higher than those of Dutch optimum value but lower that the Dutch protection act target value. The maximum contents of Cu, Pb and Zn are higher than the average shale value. The most investigated heavy metals are mostly found in the potentially labile pool (>50.0%) including metal bound to carbonate, Fe/Mn oxides, or organically fractions. Enrichment factor (EF) in combination with multivariate analysis including principal component analysis (PCA) and hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) suggest that Mn and Ni associated with Fe in the soil samples were primarily originated from lithogenic sources. Pb was largely derived only from anthropogenic source, while Cu and Zn in the soil samples were controlled by the mixed natural and anthropogenic sources. These results suggest that discharging the industrial effluents into dumping site increased pollution level of Pb, Zn and Cu as well as enhanced their potentially labile pool that may be responsible for occurring potential toxic impacts on environmental quality.     

Heavy metal pollution assessment in a mangrove ecosystem scheduled as a community reserve

Heavy metal pollution is one of most toxic pollutions and cause serious threat to organisms as well as the environment. The tremendous increase in industrialization and other anthropogenic activities magnify the rate of heavy metal pollution. The present study reveals the heavy metal pollution assessment in Kadalundi Vallikunnu Community Reserve (KVCR), a scheduled community reserve of Kerala, India. The results from the study indicate that the heavy metal pollution index of KVCR was less because of the mangrove cover in this region. KVCR is endowed with different mangroves and it plays a significant role in controlling the heavy metal pollution and water quality. The higher Importance Value Index and Relative Importance Value Index was shown in the case of Avicennia officinalis, followed by Acanthus ilicifolius and the lowest values of these indices were observed in the case of Sonneratia alba. The less accumulation of heavy metals in the soil sediments was due to the potential of mangrove species for effective absorption of toxic metals from the soil sediments. Mangrove vegetation in the wetlands is potent phytoremediators and can play a significant role in phytoremediation of wetlands. The high BCF value of A. ilicifolius indicates its suitability for heavy metal remediation in wetlands. Eco restoration of heavy metal polluted wetlands using mangroves is a promising and sustainable solution for heavy metal pollution in such ecologically fragile areas.

     

Interaction of Heavy Metals in Multimetal Biosorption by Galerina vittiformis from Soil

ABSTRACT Soil heavy metal contamination, a major threat due to industrialization, can be tackled by an efficient and economical process called bioremediation. Mushrooms are employed to accumulate heavy metals from soil due to their high metal accumulation potential and better adaptability. The bioaccumulation potential of Galerina vittiformis was already reported for individual metals. At natural conditions, since soil consists of more than one polluting metal, more focus has to be given to multimetal systems. In this study, multimetal accumulation potential was analyzed using central composite design, and the responses obtained were analyzed using response surface methodology. Heavy metals such as Cu(II), Cd(II), Cr(VI), Pb(II), and Zn(II) were subjected to biosorption at 10–250 mg/kg concentrations along with pH 5–8. The results showed that the preference of the organism for the five metals under study was in the order Pb(II) > Zn(II) > Cd(II) > Cu(II) > Cr(VI) at pH 6.5 under multimetal condition. The study also indicates that the metal interaction pattern in multimetal interaction is a property of their ionic radii. The response surface methodology clearly explains the effect of interaction of heavy metals on the accumulation potential of the organism using three-dimensional response plots. The present work suggests that the fungus Galerina vittiformis could be employed as a low-cost metal removal agent from heavy metal–polluted soil.     

沙地不同发育阶段的人工生物结皮对重金属的富集作用

生物结皮广泛存在于沙地生态系统,具有重要的生态功能.通过对位于库布齐沙漠腹地达拉特旗火力发电厂附近沙地中不同年代人工生物结皮及物理结皮中重金属含量的测定,旨在分析不同类型生物结皮及物理结皮在不同的发育阶段对重金属富集的影响和重金属污染的指示程度.通过分析和比较,得出以下结论:不同年代生物结皮和物理结皮各种重金属含量均表现为随着发育时间的增加而增加的趋势,生物结皮重金属含量多数类型表现为:Zn＞Cr＞Ni＞Pb＞Cu＞As＞Co＞Cd＞Hg的顺序关系,少数类型表现为:Cr＞Zn＞Ni＞Pb＞Cu＞As＞Co＞Cd＞Hg的顺序关系.通过单因素方差分析(ANOVA),不同年代藓结皮中各种元素差异显著性(P＜0.05)明显低于藻结皮和物理结皮.相同年代生物结皮和物理结皮重金属含量都表现为同样地规律:藓结皮＞藻结皮＞物理结皮,表明相同背景条件下,藓结皮对各种重金属的富集能力明显比藻结皮和物理结皮的富集能力强.通过单因素方差分析(ANOVA),Hg和Ni元素含量在所有相同年代样地的生物结皮和物理结皮均无差异,Cr、Zn、Cu、Co元素含量均存在差异(P＜0.05),但差异有的表现在藓结皮和藻结皮之间,而有的表现为藻结皮和物理结皮之间,而Pb、As、Cd元素含量则表现为有的年代有差异,有的年代无差异.通过污染因子CF值分析,藓结皮对污染的指示作用要明显比藻结皮和物理结皮敏感.同时生物结皮对于重金属的富集具有一定的选择性,像Hg、Ni、Zn、Cu、Pb、Co等元素生物结皮相对富集较少,而像Cr、Cd、As等元素相对富集较多.     

Population Changes of Soil Microbial Communities Induced by Hydrocarbon and Heavy Metal Contamination

Substrate utilization tests with Biolog® plates were used to obtain information on shifts in community composition and on changes in the metabolic diversity and activity of microorganisms in soil polluted with hydrocarbons. and/or heavy metals. Differences between the patterns of substrate utilization of endogenous microorganisms of pristine and contaminated soils were investigated by multivariate analysis. Population changes and shifts in metabolic diversity were observed both after hydrocarbon pollution or heavy metal contamination. The overall activity on the 95 Biolog® Gram-negative (GN) substrates correlated well with the respiration rate of the soil. Soils contaminated with hydrocarbons showed higher metabolic potentials than the corresponding controls. In contrast, heavy metal pollution caused both lower metabolic activity and a loss in diversity. The Biolog® assay was found to be suitable to describe changes in functional diversity of soils caused by hydrocarbon contamination or heavy metal stress.     

惠州市3座供水水库沉积物重金属污染特征

为了解惠州市供水水库沉积物重金属(Cr、Cu、Zn、Cd、Pb和Hg)污染状况和垂直分布特征,于2008年5月在惠州市3座具代表性的水库湖泊区采集柱状沉积物样品,运用ICPMS法检测沉积物中重金属含量,并采用地积累指数法(Igen)和潜在生态风险指数法(RI)进行污染评价,同时运用主成分分析(PCA)对沉积物中重金属的可能来源进行分析.结果表明:3座水库沉积物重金属含量随沉积深度的变化差异明显,一些重金属含量的垂直变化不明显,而另一些垂直变化明显(降低或升高),但各种重金属在不同水库沉积物中呈现特有的垂直分布特征.根据地积累指数可知,3座水库中沉积物主要以Zn和Pb污染最为严重,达到轻度至强度污染(含量分别为Zn:49.98 ～ 640.29 mg·kg-1;Pb:21.94～300.66 mg· kg-1),同时沉积物中部或底部受到轻度的Cu污染(含量为16.85 ～45.46 mg·kg-1),基本未受Cr、Cd和Hg污染.据6种重金属潜在生态风险系数[Er(i)]及潜在生态风险指数(RI)可知,3座水库沉积物的重金属潜在风险均处于较低水平.据PCA分析和相关资料可知,矿山开采与冶炼、城市化和农林业快速发展等人类活动影响了3座水库沉积物重金属的分布特征和污染.其中,Zn主要来源于矿产开采与冶炼;除矿产开采与冶炼导致沙田水库Pb污染外,机动车尾气排放和生活垃圾等是3座水库沉积物Pb污染的主要途径;Cu污染主要来源于农业和林业污染.     

成都平原北部水稻土重金属含量状况及其潜在生态风险评价

为了解成都平原水稻土重金属含量状况和潜在的生态风险,选取成都平原北部水稻土典型区域为研究对象,采集了158个表层土壤样品,分析了土壤中pH值和Cd、Cu、As、Hg、Pb、Cr、Ni 7种重金属元素含量,以20世纪80年代测定的成都平原土壤重金属元素背景值为评价标准,采用Hakanson潜在生态危害指数法对研究区域的重金属潜在生态风险进行了评价。结果表明:研究区域水稻土Cd、Hg、Ni、Cu、Pb、Cr和As平均含量分别为0.709、0.187、32.08、34.12、31.52、82.13 mg/kg和7.25 mg/kg;Cd、Ni、Cu和Hg 4种重金属超过《土壤环境质量标准》(GB15618-1995) Ⅱ级标准值样本比例分别为87.34%、8.23%、3.80%和3.80%,Cd含量超标严重。7种重金属元素变异系数幅度为18.35%-49.03%,由大到小依次为Cd、Hg、Cu、As、Ni、Cr、Pb。75.32%的样本达到中度或较强重金属潜在生态风险,区域整体表现为中度潜在生态风险(RI平均值为198.65),Cd和Hg为高生态风险元素,对潜在生态风险贡献率分别为62.27%和20.78%,As、Pb、Cu、Ni、Cr为低生态风险元素;风险概率图显示城区周边和绵远河沿线的潜在生态风险等级较高。因此,成都平原水稻土农业生产中应采取一定的措施防控农产品Cd和Hg污染。     

中国土壤重金属污染修复研究展望

文章通过对土壤重金属污染相关文献进行研究分析,从我国土壤重金属污染的现状、修复技术应用和研究前景等方面进行了系统综述,重点分析了我国土壤重金属污染修复技术的应用和研究前景。超富集植物修复是一种新兴的绿色生物技术,成本较低,易操作,是土壤污染治理的环境友好技术。微生物修复具有成本低、无二次污染、对环境影响小、效率高等特点,可在一定程度上带来经济效益和生态效益,是一种理想的绿色修复方法。并指出筛选和培育生物量大、适应性强、富集能力强、易栽培且具经济效益的超富集植物、利用大型真菌吸收和富集土壤重金属、组合运用多种修复技术、结合应用分子生物学技术和基因工程技术和加强土壤重金属污染修复效果的评价将是今后研究的重点和热点。