水蛭素12肽与低分子量单链尿激酶融合基因的构建、表达及产物特性分析

用化学合成的方法合成了水蛭素12肽基因的编码序列,通过DNA重组技术将水蛭素12肽基因片段与低分子量单链尿激酶cDNA片段连接构建了融合基因。融合基因在大肠杆菌中获得表达。体外实验结果表明,表达的融合蛋白具有溶纤活性和抗凝活性。     

农杆菌介导的甜菜碱醛脱氢酶基因转化甘蓝的研究

为获得抗旱和耐盐性提高的甘蓝植株,通过农杆菌介导法将来自菠菜的甜菜碱醛脱氢酶（Betaine Aldehyde Dehydrogenase,BADH）基因导人甘蓝品系03079,并采用正交设计优化影响转化效率的参数,建立了甘蓝高效转化体系,即以侵染液为AA液体培养基、乙酰丁香酮200μmol L^-1、侵染时间20min、共培养天数2d为最佳转化参数,在该条件下转化率可达54．26％。转基因甘蓝植株经PCR检测初步说明BADH基因已导入甘蓝中,Southern杂交证明BADH基因已稳定整合到甘蓝基因组中。甜菜碱脱氢酶活性测定结果表明,经过聚乙二醇（PEG）、NaCI和干旱处理的转基因甘蓝植株的BADH酶的平均比活力范围在2．1Umg^-1～3．6Umg^-1之间,不同处理的转基因株系酶比活力显著高于相应的未转基因株系。膜的相对电导率测定结果说明,经过PEG、NaCl和干旱处理的转基因植株平均相对电导率在16．2％～32．6％之间,耐逆境胁迫处理后的绝大多数转基因株系相对电导率显著低于相应对照。多数转BADH基因甘蓝植株在干旱、盐胁迫和PEG胁迫条件下生长势强于未转基因植株,表现为大多数转基因株系株高增幅显著高于对照,说明BADH基因的导入能提高转基因甘蓝植株的抗旱和耐盐性。我们获得的抗旱和耐盐能力明显提高的转基因甘蓝植株,可作为培育耐盐、抗旱甘蓝品种的种质材料。     

转豇豆胰蛋白酶抑制剂基因抗虫基蓝植株的获得

利用根癌农杆菌介导,将豇豆胰蛋白酶抑制剂（ＣｐＴＩ）基因导入甘蓝栽培品种“京丰”和“迎春”,并分别获得了转基因再生植株。对ＮＰＴⅡ的ＥＬＩＳＡ检测表明,标记基因ＮＰＴⅡ已在再生植株中得到有效表达。对转化植株进行Ｓｏｕｔｈｅｒｎ ｂｌｏｔ分子杂交实验进一步证明ＣｐＴＩ基因已整合到甘蓝的基因组。实验室内的叶片离体饲虫及盆栽饲虫试验表明,转基因甘蓝对菜青虫具有一定抗性。实验中还观察到,采用愈伤组织分化途     

TA29—barnase基因转化甘蓝产生雄性不育植株

用PCR技术从烟草革新1号品种的总DNA中扩增了TA29基因的启动子和从解淀粉芽孢杆菌的总DNA中扩增了核糖核酸水解酶基因（barnase）,将其构建成融合基因,并克隆于pCAMBIA2301载体上。通过根癌农杆菌介导转化甘蓝下胚轴,经Km选择压下连续选择、扩繁和进行生根培养,获得了甘蓝转基因植株。经GUS、PCR和Southern blot检测,证明TA29－barnase融合基因已经整合至转基因植株的染色体中,经花器官观察,转基因植株中有雄蕊退化的雄性不育和半不育植株出现,用正常花粉对不流株进行人工授粉,不育株能正常结实,这表明转基因不育植株的雌性器官发育正常,其不育性与TA29－barnase融合基因在转基因植株中的表达有关。     

TA29-barnase基因转化甘蓝产生雄性不育植株

用PCR技术从烟草革新1号品种的总DNA中扩增了TA29基因的启动子和从解淀粉芽孢杆菌的总DNA中扩增了核糖核酸水解酶基因(barnse),将其构建成融合基因,并克隆于pCAMBIA2301载体上。通过根癌农杆茵介导转化甘蓝下胚轴,经Km选择压下连续选择、扩繁和进行生根培养,获得了甘蓝转基因植株。经GUS、PCR和Southernblot检测,证明TA29-bar-nase融合基因已经整合至转基因植株的染色体中。经花器官观察,转基因植株中有雄蕊退化的雄性不育和半不育植株出现。用正常花粉对不育株进行人工授粉,不育株能正常结实,这表明转基因不育植株的雌性器官发育正常,其不育性与TA29-barnse融合基因在转基因植株中的表达有关。     

大白菜-甘蓝单体异附加系CO-9-1的选育与鉴定

大白菜-甘蓝异附加系是利用甘蓝的优良基因改良大白菜品种的中间材料,在遗传理论研究和育种实践中有重要的应用价值。以BC1、BC2植株为基础材料,利用形态学鉴定、花粉特征与细胞学鉴定方法,进行了大白菜-甘蓝异附加系的选育研究。结果表明,由于外源染色体的影响,植株性状表现多样性;花粉量、花粉整齐度和花粉生活力低于二倍体大白菜;从18株BC2和11株BC2中鉴定出21和22条染色体的比率分别各占16．67％、16．67％和27．27％、9．09％。进一步结合核型分析比较,从BC1、BC2自交后代中鉴定出了附加甘蓝9号染色体的大白菜-甘蓝单体异附加系植株。该研究对开展比较基因组学研究,定向地向大白菜导入甘蓝优良基因,拓宽大白菜遗传背景,增加遗传多样性具有重要意义。     

转豇豆胰蛋白酶抑制剂基因抗虫甘蓝植株的获得

利用根癌农杆菌(Agrobacterium tumefaciens)介导,将豇豆胰蛋白酶抑制剂(CpTI)基因导入甘蓝(Brassica oleracea var.capitata L.)栽培品种“京丰”和“迎春”,并分别获得了转基因再生植株。对NPTⅡ的ELISA检测表明,标记基因NPTⅡ已在再生植株中得到有效表达。对转化植株进行Southern blot分子杂交实验进一步证明CpTI基因已整合到甘蓝的基因组。实验室内的叶片离体饲虫及盆栽饲虫试验表明,转基因甘蓝对菜青虫具有一定抗性。实验中还观察到,采用愈伤组织分化途径可以获得较高的转化频率,但嵌合体较多;而直接分芽的途径转化率低,但嵌合体较少。     

白细胞抑制因子和水蛭肽嵌合蛋白表达纯化及活性研究

[目的]采用大肠杆菌表达白细胞抑制因子和水蛭肽嵌合蛋白,表达纯化后进行抗细胞黏附活性及抑制凝血酶活性的功能研究.[方法]将编码白细胞抑制因子和水蛭肽嵌合蛋白的基因构建到pET28a载体上,转化菌株Rosetta(DE3)并经IPTG诱导表达后分别经镍柱和分子筛进一步纯化,使用实时细胞分析仪和血凝仪分别测定了白细胞抑制因...     

导入蜘蛛杀虫肽基因的烟草具有抗虫性

用带有杀虫肽基因的农杆菌（Ａｇｒｏｂａｃｔｅｒｉｕｍ ｔｕｍ ｅｆａｃｉｅｎｓ）ＬＢＡ４４０４ 转化烟草（Ｎｉｃｏｔｉａｎａ ｔａｂａｃｕｍ ）叶片,共获得３０ 株抗卡那霉素的再生植株． 用这些再生植株对棉铃虫（Ｈｅｌｉｏｔｈｉｓａｒｍ ｉｇｅｒａ）进行毒力测定,有３ 株转杀虫肽基因植株对棉铃虫有较强抗性． 与对照相比,这３ 株转基因烟草的杀虫率可达３０％～４５％ ,并能显著抑制昆虫蜕皮和生长发育,表现出明显的抗虫作用． 以这３ 株为主进行了ＰＣＲ 扩增及Ｎｏｒｔｈｅｒｎ ｂｌｏｔ实验,结果表明杀虫肽基因已插入到这３ 株植株的基因组中并表达出有活性的杀虫肽     

水蛭素的分子生物学研究

本文从分子生物学的角度简述了蛋白酶抑制剂水蛭素的生物学和临床医学作用,结构特点,结构与功能关系,水蛭素与凝血酶之间的作用方式,以及水蛭素基因的克隆与表达。同时还指出了水蛭素基因的复杂性。水蛭素基因结构的阐明,基因的表达调控,将成为今后研究的重要方向之一。     

Recent advances in the study of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus replication and pathogenesis

It has now been over twenty years since a novel herpesviral genome was identified in Kaposi's sarcoma biopsies. Since then, the cumulative research effort by molecular biologists, virologists, clinicians, and epidemiologists alike has led to the extensive characterization of this tumor virus, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus(KSHV; also known as human herpesvirus 8(HHV-8)), and its associated diseases. Here we review the current knowledge of KSHV biology and pathogenesis, with a particular emphasis on new and exciting advances in the field of epigenetics. We also discuss the development and practicality of various cell culture and animal model systems to study KSHV replication and pathogenesis.     

The structure, reproduction and taxonomy of Vidalia and Osmundaria (Rhodophyta, Rhodomelaceae)

Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera.     

New or rare chromosome counts in Artemisia L. (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) and related genera from Kazakhstan

Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and Turaniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x = 9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted.     

肝癌中HBV和HCV基因和抗原的分布及意义

采用原位分子杂交方法检测HCV RNA及HBV X基因;采用免疫组织化学方法研究HCV核心抗原,非结构区C33c抗原及HBxAg在肝细胞肝癌中的定位及分布.结果表明(1)HCV RNA、HBV X基因在肝细胞肝癌组织检出率分别为40%(55/136)和82%(112/136).HCV RNA定位于癌细胞的胞浆内,阳性细胞呈散在、灶状及弥漫分布三种形式;HBV X基因在肝癌细胞中的分布呈胞浆型、核型及核浆型,阳性细胞也呈上述三种分布形式;(2)HCV C33c抗原、核心抗原在肝细胞肝癌中的阳性率为81%(133/164)及86%(141/164).C33c抗原定位于癌细胞及肝细胞的胞浆内;核心抗原既定位于癌细胞核中,又可定位于胞浆中.C33c抗原阳性细胞以灶状分布为主;而核心抗原阳性细     

Selection with two alleles and complete dominance

For a plant selection model with frequency-independent viabilities, fertilities and selfing rates, it is shown that apart from global fixation, for certain parameter combinations a protected polymorphism and facultative fixation (either allele may become fixed according to initial frequencies) may both occur. Facultative fixation requires different selling rates for the dominant and recessive type. Protection of the polymorphism requires resource allocation for male and female function. In this connection the problem of purely genetically caused population extinction is discussed.
For general frequency dependence and regular segregation, the chances for establishment of a completely recessive gene are compared to those of a completely dominant gene. It is proven that the process of establishment of the recessive gene, despite a fitness advantage, may be considerably endangered by drift effects if random mating prevails. The recessive gene may reach the same effectivity in establishment as a dominant gene, only if the recessive homozygote mates exclusively with its own type during the period of establishment.