重组人βNGF在大肠杆菌中的可溶表达、纯化及活性鉴定

旨在大肠杆菌中可溶表达重组人神经生长因子(Recombinant humanβnerve growth factor,rhβNGF),并对表达产物进行分离纯化和生物学活性鉴定。成功扩增h NGFβ亚基基因,将其克隆入pMAL-c2X表达载体,构建了hβNGF-MBP的大肠杆菌表达体系并进行诱导表达,表达产物经纯化后以Factor Xa酶切去除麦牙糖结合蛋白(MBP),Western blot鉴定后以TF-1细胞法检测生物学活性。结果显示,pMAL-c2X-hβNGF经酶切和测序证实构建正确,25℃、180 r/min、0.5 mmol/L IPTG诱导下可溶表达hβNGF-MBP融合蛋白。hβNGF-MBP经Factor Xa酶切后可去除MBP标签,SDS-PAGE分析纯化的hβNGF位于13 k D左右,纯度可达95%。Western blot鉴定为hβNGF,结果表明,比活约为1×10~6 U/mg。在大肠杆菌中成功可溶表达hβNGF,并具有较高的生物学活性。     

虎血清免疫球蛋白（IgG）的纯化及纯度、活性鉴定

目的 建立高纯度、高活性的虎血清IgG纯化方法。方法 用饱和硫酸铵沉淀虎血清得到IgG粗品;结合Hitrap Protein A亲和层析预装柱及阴离子交换层析法对粗品IgG进一步分离纯化,采用PAGE电泳和Western-Blot免疫印迹法鉴定IgG纯度和免疫活性。结果 80 mL虎血清亲和纯化得到84 mg IgG,阴离子交换层析纯化得到30 mg虎的IgG纯品。结论 建立了简便快速、纯度高、活性好的虎血清IgG的分离纯化方法,为虎血清IgG二级抗体的制备提供了高纯度、活性好的一级抗体免疫原。     

拟南芥SHORT-ROOT基因稀有密码子分析及其在原核细胞中的表达和纯化

目的:在大肠杆菌中重组表达拟南芥SHORT-ROOT(SHR)蛋白并纯化。方法:将SHR基因编码区克隆至p GEX-4T-2表达载体,构建重组质粒p GEX-4T-2-SHR并转化大肠杆菌Rosetta(DE3),表达产物经谷胱甘肽亲和层析凝胶4B分离纯化,SDS-PAGE分析和Western印迹鉴定。结果:SHR融合蛋白在大肠杆菌Rosetta(DE3)中获得表达,亲和纯化后,SDS-PAGE显示相对分子质量为预期的86×103,且经Western印迹确证。结论:获得了拟南芥SHR融合蛋白,为进一步研究其生物学功能奠定了基础。     

重组人β-干扰素的表达、纯化与鉴定

经 1 5L发酵罐制备重组人β 干扰素 (recombinanthumanIFN β,rhIFN β)。以免疫亲和层析方法纯化发酵液中rhIFN β并与蓝谱亲和层析纯化法比较 ,探索快速高效纯化rhIFN β的方法。以ELISA测定rhIFN β含量及经免疫亲和层析纯化的rhIFN β中鼠IgG残留量 ;以PAGE法鉴定rhIFN β的分子量 ;以CPEI法测定rhIFN β的生物活性。取 2L发酵液经免疫亲和层析纯化后 ,得到 3.0 3mgrhIFN β ;经蓝谱亲和层析纯化后 ,得到2 .6 5mg ;分子量为 2 2kD ;沉淀带灰度值分别为 96 .2 %和 95 .1 % ;CPEI比活性分别为 1 .4 3× 1 0 7IU/mg和 1 .6 3× 1 0 7IU/mg ;经免疫亲和层析后纯化物中鼠IgG残留量小于 5 0 μg/L。实验结果表明 ,所采用的免疫亲和层析和蓝谱亲和层析均可快速高效地从酵母菌发酵上清液中分离纯化rhIFN β基因产物     

转基因玉米中植酸酶蛋白免疫亲和纯化体系的建立

为深入研究转基因玉米所表达的植酸酶蛋白的酶学性质,评价重组蛋白的致敏性和饲用安全性,必须获得高纯度植酸酶蛋白.利用识别4个不同表位的单克隆抗体制备了植酸酶蛋白亲和层析体系.结果显示,通过80％硫酸铵沉淀植酸酶蛋白粗提液初步浓缩目的蛋白后,再经过透析去除高浓度盐离子,进而通过免疫亲和层析可获得在SDS-PAGE胶上条带单一的植酸酶蛋白,比活可达470.99 U/mg.同时,将上述免疫亲和层析法对植酸酶的纯化效果与离子交换层析方法进行了对比,结果表明免疫亲和层析法具有稳定、快速和纯化产物比活高等优势,所获得的目的蛋白满足各种检测要求,优于离子交换层析方法.     

源于纤维单胞菌的聚阿拉伯糖内切酶的分离纯化

目的:分离纯化一种由纤维单胞菌属(Cellulomonose sp.)的细菌发酵产生的具有聚阿拉伯糖内切酶的性质的蛋白酶。方法:用薄板层析法(TLC)分离酶促反应的产物-寡糖,以Quanti-Scan软件计算薄板上条带的面积灰度值,以此定量,计算酶活力。用Bradford法测定蛋白含量。通过DEAE-Sepharose离子交换层析,SephacrylS-300分子筛和Blue-Dye活性染料亲和层析三种手段串联,对粗酶进行分离纯化,用SDS-PAGE测定纯度,SDS-PAGE和凝胶层析测定相对分子质量。结果:分离得到了电泳纯的阿拉伯糖内切酶,该酶的相对分子质量为45kD,蛋白酶比活性为15.42×10(3U/ug),纯化倍数为77.1。结论:该酶是一种阿拉伯糖内切酶,可以作为一种新型的工具酶,应用于结核分枝杆菌细胞壁的结构分析及寻找抗结核药物作用的靶点。     

金黄色葡萄球菌蛋白A (SpA) Z结构域串联体的克隆、表达和筛选

筛选一种高效重组金黄色葡萄球菌蛋白A(SpA)用于制备抗体纯化亲和介质。首先通过基因操作获得金黄色葡萄球菌蛋白A(SpA)的Z结构域单体、二串体、三串体、四串体和五串体基因,将目的基因分别克隆至pET-22b表达载体并转化至大肠杆菌BL21(DE3)感受态细胞,获得不同串联个数的Z结构域基因工程菌,经诱导表达和Ni2+亲和层析纯化得到Z结构域单体和二-五串体蛋白。纯化后的目的蛋白偶联至琼脂糖凝胶作为亲和层析介质,对人免疫球蛋白G(IgG)进行分离纯化。分析比较Z结构域串联体蛋白产量及其偶联的亲和介质对抗体吸附载量的差异。结果表明,构建的Z结构域单体、二串体、三串体、四串体和五串体基因工程菌能有效表达目的蛋白,制备的凝胶亲和介质可特异性吸附人IgG。增加Z结构域串联数,重组蛋白产量和单位摩尔数多聚体蛋白吸附载量获得提高,其中,重组四串体蛋白产量大(160 mg/10 g湿菌体),对抗体的吸附载量高(34.4 mg人IgG/mL胶),更适合作为配基用于亲和层析介质的制备。     

硫氧还蛋白抗体柱的制备

目的:探索硫氧还蛋白(Trx)抗体柱对Trx融合蛋白纯化的可行性。方法与结果:对含有Trx基因的质粒表达载体pTrxFus进行改造,在Trx读框之后加入6×His序列,并在大肠杆菌中表达C端带有6×His标签的Trx,经Ni2+柱亲和纯化后制备多克隆抗体;把经蛋白A纯化后的抗体偶联在溴化氰活化的琼脂糖凝胶上,制成Trx抗体柱;用此抗体柱纯化与Trx融合表达的豇豆胰蛋白酶抑制剂(CpTI),SDS-PAGE结果显示获得了纯度较高的Trx-CpTI。结论:用Trx抗体制成的免疫亲和层析柱可以有效纯化Trx融合蛋白。     

眼镜蛇毒神经生长因子抑制肝星状细胞增殖并诱导其凋亡

目的:从眼镜蛇毒中分离纯化神经生长因子(Nerve Growth Factor,NGF),观察眼镜NGF对肝星状细胞HSC-T6增殖、凋亡活性的影响,进一步为蛇毒NGF在抗肝纤维化治疗提供依据。方法:采用shephadex G-75和CM Sepharose CL-6B二步柱色谱对眼镜蛇毒NGF进行纯化分离;PC12细胞测定各洗脱峰的活性,再用SDS-PAGE鉴定具有NGF活性洗脱峰的纯度和相对分子质量。实验设立空白对照和NGF处理组,分别作用于HSC-T6,培育相应时间,MTT检测眼镜蛇毒NGF对HSC-T6细胞活力影响;HE染色、紫外激光显微镜与透射电镜观察HSC-T6细胞的形态学变化;TUNEL、流式细胞技术检测眼镜蛇毒NGF对HSC-T6细胞凋亡的影响。结果:眼镜蛇毒经PC-12细胞鉴定第Ⅵ峰具有NGF活性;SDS-PAGE检测为电泳纯,相对分子质量为22.3KD;NGF对HSC-T6细胞增殖具有明显抑制作用(2μg/ml NGF的抑制率为49.66%±6.50%,P<0.05;6.25μg/ml NGF的抑制率为71.33%±1.53%,P<0.05);TUNEL法检测发现NGF干预组的凋亡率28.71%±1.59%(2ug/ml NGF)和34.4%±2.49%(5μg/mlNGF)明显高于对照组的15.85%±1.58%(P<0.05);流式细胞仪也有同样的发现,NGF干预组的凋亡率16.12%±3.02%(2 ug/mlNGF)和21.15%±3.31%(5μg/ml NGF)明显高于对照组的2.7%±1.55%(P<0.05)。结论:眼镜蛇毒NGF能抑制肝星状细胞HSC-T6增殖并诱导其凋亡。     

广西眼镜蛇毒神经生长因子分离纯化方法

为了得到更高纯度和活性的广西眼镜蛇毒神经生长因子(never growth factor,NGF),我们对原有的分离纯化方法进行改进。采用DEAE CL-6B离子交换柱、Sephadex G-50凝胶层析柱、Macro-prep High S离子交换柱结合的方法进行分离。在分离纯化过程中,采用PC12细胞检验每一步所得结果中的NGF活性,并测定NGF诱导PC12细胞分化的最小浓度。经DEAE CL-6B离子交换柱、Sephadex G-50凝胶层析柱、Macro-prep High S离子交换柱分离纯化后,得到的第二峰具有NGF活性,并且已达到电泳纯。经PC12细胞验证后,确定NGF诱导PC12细胞分化的最小浓度为0.1μg/m L。     

Recent advances in the study of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus replication and pathogenesis

It has now been over twenty years since a novel herpesviral genome was identified in Kaposi's sarcoma biopsies. Since then, the cumulative research effort by molecular biologists, virologists, clinicians, and epidemiologists alike has led to the extensive characterization of this tumor virus, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus(KSHV; also known as human herpesvirus 8(HHV-8)), and its associated diseases. Here we review the current knowledge of KSHV biology and pathogenesis, with a particular emphasis on new and exciting advances in the field of epigenetics. We also discuss the development and practicality of various cell culture and animal model systems to study KSHV replication and pathogenesis.     

The structure, reproduction and taxonomy of Vidalia and Osmundaria (Rhodophyta, Rhodomelaceae)

Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera.     

New or rare chromosome counts in Artemisia L. (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) and related genera from Kazakhstan

Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and Turaniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x = 9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted.     

肝癌中HBV和HCV基因和抗原的分布及意义

采用原位分子杂交方法检测HCV RNA及HBV X基因;采用免疫组织化学方法研究HCV核心抗原,非结构区C33c抗原及HBxAg在肝细胞肝癌中的定位及分布.结果表明(1)HCV RNA、HBV X基因在肝细胞肝癌组织检出率分别为40%(55/136)和82%(112/136).HCV RNA定位于癌细胞的胞浆内,阳性细胞呈散在、灶状及弥漫分布三种形式;HBV X基因在肝癌细胞中的分布呈胞浆型、核型及核浆型,阳性细胞也呈上述三种分布形式;(2)HCV C33c抗原、核心抗原在肝细胞肝癌中的阳性率为81%(133/164)及86%(141/164).C33c抗原定位于癌细胞及肝细胞的胞浆内;核心抗原既定位于癌细胞核中,又可定位于胞浆中.C33c抗原阳性细胞以灶状分布为主;而核心抗原阳性细     

Selection with two alleles and complete dominance

For a plant selection model with frequency-independent viabilities, fertilities and selfing rates, it is shown that apart from global fixation, for certain parameter combinations a protected polymorphism and facultative fixation (either allele may become fixed according to initial frequencies) may both occur. Facultative fixation requires different selling rates for the dominant and recessive type. Protection of the polymorphism requires resource allocation for male and female function. In this connection the problem of purely genetically caused population extinction is discussed.
For general frequency dependence and regular segregation, the chances for establishment of a completely recessive gene are compared to those of a completely dominant gene. It is proven that the process of establishment of the recessive gene, despite a fitness advantage, may be considerably endangered by drift effects if random mating prevails. The recessive gene may reach the same effectivity in establishment as a dominant gene, only if the recessive homozygote mates exclusively with its own type during the period of establishment.