国裸子植物物种丰富度空间格局与多样性中心

中国拥有世界上最丰富的裸子植物区系,对理解全球裸子植物分布变化与系统演化具有重要意义.我们利用中国天然分布的202种裸子植物的水平和垂直分布信息获得物种分布区范围,探讨了中国裸子植物在科、属、种水平的分布特点.总体上,中国裸子植物物种丰富度南高北低,山地裸子植物丰富度较高,平原和高原相对贫乏;随分类阶元变高,丰富度高值区域面积逐渐扩大,高值中心逐渐南移.占中国陆地面积5%的裸子植物最丰富区域内分布了85%的中国自然分布的裸子植物物种.我们将这些区域划分为6个裸子植物多样性中心:(1)东喜马拉雅-横断山脉-秦岭,(2)滇黔桂-南岭,(3)华中山地,(4)黄山-武夷山脉,(5)海南岛南部山地,(6)长白山(甑峰山附近).各中心裸子植物区系之间的特点和联系反映了各自地理位置的差异和空间距离的隔离作用,其中横断山脉地区是中国裸子植物最重要的分化中心.     

中国裸子植物物种丰富度空间格局与多样性中心

中国拥有世界上最丰富的裸子植物区系, 对理解全球裸子植物分布变化与系统演化具有重要意义。我们利用中国天然分布的202种裸子植物的水平和垂直分布信息获得物种分布区范围, 探讨了中国裸子植物在科、属、种水平的分布特点。总体上, 中国裸子植物物种丰富度南高北低, 山地裸子植物丰富度较高, 平原和高原相对贫乏; 随分类阶元变高, 丰富度高值区域面积逐渐扩大, 高值中心逐渐南移。占中国陆地面积5%的裸子植物最丰富区域内分布了85%的中国自然分布的裸子植物物种。我们将这些区域划分为6个裸子植物多样性中心: (1)东喜马拉雅—横断山脉—秦岭, (2)滇黔桂－南岭, (3)华中山地, (4)黄山—武夷山脉, (5)海南岛南部山地, (6)长白山(甑峰山附近)。各中心裸子植物区系之间的特点和联系反映了各自地理位置的差异和空间距离的隔离作用, 其中横断山脉地区是中国裸子植物最重要的分化中心。     

福建裸子植物区系研究

通过野外考察、查阅文献资料和应用植物区系分析方法对福建裸子植物进行研究,得出以下结论：(1)东南沿海的地理位置、显著的季风气候和占总面积50％以上的中山带山地使福建成为中国裸子植物重要的繁衍和保存地之一。(2)福建现代裸子植物有9科、24属、44种(其中含特有科1个为银杏科,特有属有水松、白豆杉、金钱松、杉木、银杏、台湾杉属等6属,拥有四川苏铁、银杏、油杉、华东黄杉、长苞铁杉、金钱松、黄山松、台湾杉、柳杉、水松、柏木、刺柏、三尖杉、粗榧、宽叶粗榧、白豆杉、穗花杉、榧树、罗浮买麻藤等26个特有种),分别占中国同类的90．0％、70．59％和19．13％,是中国裸子植物区系的重要组成部分。(3)古植物学资料和现存的古老、孑遗和特有成分说明福建裸子植物区系起源古老;福建裸子植物的属级分布区类型中泛热带成分占25．0％,亚热带至温带成分占75．0％(其中亚热带分布占41．67％);种的分布亚型中,亚热带分布的占67．10％;均表明福建裸子植物区系具有较为显著的亚热带山地性质。(4)长苞铁杉、杉木、柳杉、福建柏、黄山松、马尾松、油杉、江南油杉、红豆杉、南方红豆杉、粗榧、穗花杉、高山柏等树种分布于海拔800m以上的亚热带中山带。(5)种的分布亚型中,有35种分布在南岭,进一步证明南岭既为西南核心区的亚热带成分向华中、华东迁移提供通道,又为热带亚洲(中南半岛、云贵高原南部)成分向福建、浙江与台湾分布提供了途径。(6)福建裸子植物武夷山脉、闽台陆桥或东山陆桥与周边地区彼此密切交流,相似性系数分析也表明,福建裸子植物区系与华南、西南、华东、华中、台湾等区域联系广泛、关系密切。     

甘肃裸子植物区系地理分析

在对甘肃产裸子植物进行系统整理的基础上,探讨了甘肃裸子植物的区系特征和区系分区。甘肃裸子植物种类丰富,产５科１５属４５种。其特点是：松柏类发达;北温带分布型属和中国特有种占优势;富含第三纪残遗成分;区系乱分具明显交汇过渡性质。依据甘肃各区域生态地理因子分异特点和裸子植物地理分布规律,将甘肃裸子植物区系划分为５个自然的区系小区：走廊区、中部小区、甘南小区、陇南小区。     

神农架种子植物中国特有属的分析

神农架种子植物区系分布中国特有属５１属,其中裸子植物３属,被子植物４８属。从生活习性看,木本习性２６属,草本习性２５属。本文着重分析了神农架种子植物特有属的地理分布及特点。结果显示,其特点主要表现为显著的温带性质、众多的古特有属和丰富的珍稀物种,在地理分布上与西南地区联系密切。     

广东裸子植物区系的特点

广东省裸子植物共有８科１８属３４种,分别占中国同类的８０．０％,５２．９％和１７．６％。其中泛热带分布２属,热带亚洲至热带大洋洲１属,热带亚洲１属,北温带５属,东亚和北美间断分布１属,东亚分布３属,中国特有分布５属,即热带成分共仅４属占２２．２％,而亚热带至温带成分１４属占７７．８％为绝对优势。分析表明：广东裸子植物区系体现了东亚裸子植物区系的特点,其原始中心和现代分布中心都在中国亚热带。同时论文还将广东裸子植物种的分布区类型划分为２０个亚型。     

中国武夷山脉地区野生毛桃资源收集与初步评价

为明确中国武夷山脉地区野生毛桃(Prunus persica(L.) Batsch)资源分布现状,对浙江、江西、福建武夷山脉地区野生毛桃资源进行了系统的考察、收集和评价。此次考察共收集野生毛桃资源244份,来自于武夷山脉地区24个采集点。物候期评价发现这些资源多态性丰富。相关性分析显示,叶芽萌动期、花期与采集点海拔、纬度呈极显著正相关。果实评价显示果实性状多态性丰富。通过2年抗涝性评价,初步筛选出53株较抗涝野生毛桃资源后代单株。净光合速率、气孔导度、蒸腾速率与淹水时间相关性分析显示淹水时间与净光合速率、气孔导度、蒸腾速率均呈极显著负相关,而净光合速率、气孔导度、蒸腾速率三者之间呈极显著正相关关系。     

陕西省汉中地区中国种子植物特有属的分析

汉中地区种子植物区系自然分布有中国特有属48属,隶属于33科,包括裸子植物1属,被子植物47属,其中单种属24属,少种属18属,多种属6属,从其生活习性上看,木本习性有25属,草本习性的有23属。本文主要分析了汉中地区分布的中国种子植物特有属的地理分布及特点,分析结果表明：其特点主要为显著的温带性质,众多的特有属和丰富的珍稀濒危物种,在地理分布上与华中,西南地区联系密切。     

滇西北地区种子植物地理分布及区系分化

以大尺度的物种分布信息为基础,对滇西北地区种子植物物种多样性的地理分布格局及其与植物区系分化之间的关系进行分析.结果表明:(1)滇西北地区的种子植物物种多样性从南到北呈递增趋势;(2)无论是在属的水平上,还是在科的水平上,植物区系分化强度从南到北均呈单调递增格局;(3)区系分化强度较大的区域主要集中在地形复杂的北部地区;(4)物种多样性随着区系分化强度的增强而增加;(5)物种多样性地理分布格局的形成可能与滇西北地区的地质历史、地形以及由此引起的植物区系分化有关.     

中国林蛙Rana chensinensis系统发育及物种形成和分化的研究

运用分支分类法,通过形态、染色体和同工酶性状分析寻找出姐妹群,建立中国林蛙各亚种系统发育分支图。并根据地理分布、古地理和古气候特点,认为中国林蛙起源于西伯利亚勒拿河以东。讨论了中国林蛙的分化及与其近缘种的亲缘关系。根据形态推测起源中心时,应考虑环境变化因素,当分布区环境不变或呈单向性变化时,保留祖征最多的亚种所在地就是该物种的起源中心。     

我国西北和东南地区多孔菌种群差异

多孔菌是木材腐朽真菌中对木材降解发挥作用最大、种类最多的一个类群,对森林中营养物质的循环具有极为重要的作用.本文对北起天山、祁连山、宝天曼,南至武夷山的4个不同地点的多孔菌物种组成和区系进行了比较分析.调查发现,天山地区具有多孔菌种类72种,祁连山为99种,宝天曼为124种,武夷山为156种.这4个地区的共有物种为14种.上述地区多孔菌的属地理成分均以世界广布和北温带分布为主,具有明显的北温带成分区系特征.比较木材降解方式发现,白腐菌种类在各地区所占物种比例由北到南呈上升趋势,褐腐菌的比例总体呈下降趋势.生长在被子植物上的多孔菌种类在宝天曼地区所占比例最多.天山和祁连山地区的稀有种和濒危种主要生长在针叶树上,宝天曼和武夷山则主要生长在阔叶树上.从4个地区多孔菌的多样性、基质选择和降解方式差异来看,森林植被类型在其中起到很大的作用.     

中国大陆特有华溪蟹属分布格局探讨(甲壳纲,十足目,溪蟹科)

华溪蟹属Sinopotamon是中国淡水蟹类的特有属。在构建种群数据库的基础上,对华溪蟹属的分布格局进行了深入的研究。结果显示:迄今,华溪蟹属已报告75种和9亚种,占中国淡水蟹总数的29.68%(84/283),系中国淡水蟹36个属中所含种及亚种最多的一个类群,广泛分布于赣、鲁、苏、皖、浙、闽、湘、鄂、粤、桂、川、黔、豫、晋、陕、陇、冀计17个省区。华溪蟹属的分布格局与中国自然地理环境区域分异密切相关,自然地理的阻限等因素是导致华溪蟹属在中国高度分化的主要原因,表现出该属下物种对现代自然条件的适应及其遗传与分化至现阶段的结果。依照中国淡水蟹类地理区划的划分,华溪蟹属分属于西南区、华中区、华南区、华北区及其各亚区的东部季风区内,以东洋界物种成分为绝对优势,其地理分布约以24°N为其南限,37°N为北限,经度则为103°E以东直至东南沿海地区。在垂直分布上,该属物种多分布在海拔200～1000m。又以长江中下游一带物种最为丰富,而黄河与淮河流域则相对贫乏。秦岭及其淮河一线成为华溪蟹属东洋界和古北界物种的明显分野地域,但二界之间存在广泛过渡与渗透。据此,华溪蟹属的地理分布,均受制于中国第2级阶梯和第3级阶梯内的秦岭、雪峰山、巫山、太行山、南岭、武夷山等主要山脉及其低岗丘陵与平原地域。     

福建省啮齿动物分布的聚类与关联分析

福建省啮齿动物分布的聚类与关联分析王寿昆（福建农业大学动物科学系福州３５０００２）ＣｌｕｓｔｅｒａｎｄＡｓｓｏｃｉａｔｉｏｎＡｎａｌｙｓｅｓｏｎＤｉｓｔｒｉｈｕｔｉｏｎｏｆＲｏｄｅｎｔｓｉｎＦｕｊｉａｎＰｒｏｖｉｎｃｅ．￥ＷａｎｇＳｈｏｕｋｕｎ（Ｄｅ...     

福建省花臭蛙复合体组成及 天目臭蛙分布新记录记述

由于没有明显的地理阻隔,闽浙丘陵地带花臭蛙复合体（Odorrana schmackeri species complex）的物种组成、分布界限、分布格局存在争议。2016年9月至10月对闽浙交界地带福建省宁德市屏南县和南平市浦城县进行野外考察、样本收集,通过扩增样本线粒体12S rRNA和16S rRNA基因并与黄岗臭蛙（O. huanggangensis）、天目臭蛙（O. tianmuii）和花臭蛙（O. schmackeri）的序列进行比对,构建系统发生关系、计算遗传距离,结合形态学鉴定和形态量度分析,对福建省花臭蛙复合体组成进行了研究。结果显示,福建省花臭蛙复合体包括黄岗臭蛙和天目臭蛙,其中黄岗臭蛙分布于武夷山山区、闽江和九龙江流域,天目臭蛙仅分布于衢江（钱塘江主要支流）的次源地——浦城县管厝乡东北部,为福建省臭蛙类分布新记录种。本研究增添了福建省两栖动物多样性并细化了黄岗臭蛙和天目臭蛙在该省分布范围的认识,但是浦城县西北端长江流域的花臭蛙复合体的物种组成仍需进一步确认。水系和流域是否影响花臭蛙复合体物种分化和分布格局以及这些近缘物种的物种形成机制有待进一步研究。     

Pleistocene glaciation explains the disjunct distribution of the Chestnut‐vented Nuthatch (Aves,Sittidae)

Pleistocene climatic oscillations have played an important role in shaping many species’ current distributions. In recent years, there has been increasing interest in studying the effects of glacial periods on East Asian birds. Integrated approaches allow us to study past distribution range changes due to Pleistocene glaciation, and how these changes have affected current population genetic structure, especially for species with unusual distribution patterns. The Wuyi disjunction is the disjunct distribution of birds between the Wuyi Mountains in south‐eastern China and south‐western China. Although several species exhibit the Wuyi disjunction, the process behind this unusual distribution pattern has remained relatively unstudied. Therefore, we used the Chestnut‐vented Nuthatch Sitta nagaensis as a model species to investigate the possible causes of the Wuyi disjunction. Based on phylogenetic analyses with three mitochondrial and six nuclear regions, the Wuyi population of the Chestnut‐vented Nuthatch was closely related to populations in mid‐Sichuan, from which it diverged approximately 0.1 million years ago, despite the long geographical distance between them (over 1,300 km). In contrast, geographically close populations in mid‐ and southern Sichuan were genetically divergent from each other (more than half a million years). Ecological niche modelling suggested that the Chestnut‐vented Nuthatch has experienced dramatic range expansions from Last Interglacial period to Last Glacial Maximum, with some range retraction following the Last Glacial period. We propose that the Wuyi disjunction of the Chestnut‐vented Nuthatch was most likely due to recent range expansion from south‐western China during the glacial period, followed by postglacial range retraction.     

赣境武夷山自然保护区的蝽科昆虫

本对赣境武夷山自然保护区的蝽科昆虫的种类组成和区系结构。进行了记述和分析,并就赣境武夷山和间境武夷山蝽科昆虫的种类组成异同,进行对比：末还将赣境武夷山与全省和北京,黑龙江的蝽科昆虫种类。作了一些分析和比较．     

暗球腔菌属三个中国新记录种

在对福建武夷山、安徽黄山和山东昆嵛山的真菌采集鉴定中,发现了暗球腔菌属Phaeosphaeria3个中国新记录种:肩状暗球腔菌P.humerata、马西山暗球腔菌P.marciensis和香蒲暗球腔菌P.typharum。该属真菌多数腐生在禾本科、莎草科、灯心草属等单子叶植物的枯死茎上或其他木材上。对3个种进行了形态描述、图示和讨论,标本保存在青岛农业大学菌物研究室(MHQAU)。     

Relationships Between the Bryoflora of Mt. Wuyi,SE China,and Those of Neighbouring Mountain Regions

Mt. Wuyi, located at 27°37‛-27°54‛ N, 117°27‛-117°51‛ E, is the highest mountain in South-East China. Its main peak, Huanggangshan, is 2158 m above the sea level. In 1955, P. C. Chen organized the first expedition to Mt. Wuyi, and the authors investigated the different ravines and the forests of that area in 1976 and from 1979 to 1984 respectively. Up to now 355 species of the bryophytes have been found in Mt. Wuyi. I. The influence of the factors of geological history on the bryoflora of Mt. Wuyi Fujian Province, belonging to Cathaysian, one of three Chinese ancient lands, was a part of ocean until the end of the lower Tertiary. In the early Devonian, Fujian uplifted above the sea level, but it submerged in the sea later, and then uplifted above the sea level again in the upper Triassic. By the end of the lower Triassic the Himalayan movement influenced the paleogeography of China deeply, and the eastern and central mountains of Fujian uplifted again. In the Tertiary, Fujian was influenced by the hot maritime weather, so the tropical evergreen forests existed in southern Fujian at that time. The conclusion was made by Z. B. Zhao in 1983 after his long period of study on geological history of Fujian Province since the Yanshan movement. According to the morden geographical distribution of Chinese bryophytes, it seems that the above influence might be related to the bryophytes of Mt. Wuyi and also the southern part of Zhejian Province. By the end of the Tertiary the weather became cold in most parts of China. Since then the cold weather and hot weather alternated several times. One kind of the endemic elements of the bryoflora formed in the area from the south-eastern coast of China to the southeastern Xizang (Tibet), including Japan. They are not specialized at the family level or closely related to each other, but they have similar distribution and belong to different families. In the Quaternary, Mt. Wuyi gradually uplifted following the Himalayan movement. As the weather cooled down in the upper part of the mountain, deciduous broad-leaved and needleleaved trees increased there. Meanwhile, temperate genera and species of the bryophytes spread and invaded South China and entered Mr. Wuyi. Rhytidiadelphus and Hvlocomium probably began to grow in Mt. Wuyi at that time, and their distribution is quite different from their primary one. On the other hand, a part of tropical and subtropical bryophytes might enjoy the changed weather and environment in the Quaternary and existed in a few small localities of Mt. Wuyi, and the genera Haplomitrium, Endotrichella and Floribundaria are probably their representatives. From the point of view of geological history we are now living in the interglacial period and the present natural conditions will last continuously, so they will steadily influence the bryoflora of Mt. Wuyi in a long period of time. 2. Essential characteristics of the bryoflora in Mt. Wuyi Due to the geographical position and the other factors of Mt. Wuyi the bryoflora is represented by numerous tropical and subtropical elements (34.1%), but the East-Asiatic endemic ones (79.2%) are characteristic of the bryoflora in Mt. Wuyi (Tab. 1). The tropical and subtropical families of the bryophytes, found south of Changjiang (Yangtzi) River, are Haplomitriaceae (1 genus, 3 species), Porellaceae (2 genera, 8 species), Frullaniaceae (2 genera, 10 species), Lejeun eaceae (21 genera, 35 species), Trachypodaceae (3 genera, 4 species), Meteoriaceae (10 genera, 17 species), Neckeraceae (5 genera, 8 species) and Hookeriaceae (3 genera, 3 species). The above 8 families, including 46 genera and 85 species, represent about 1/4 genera (24.3%) and less than 1/4 species (23.9%) of the bryoflora of Mt. Wuyi. Most species of East-Asiatic elements show very close relationships with Japan, and are widely distributed from the low altitude of Mt. Wuyi to the summit of Mt. Huanggangshan. However, the Holarctic species (26.8%) are also important elements of the bryoflora in Mt. Wuyi, showing its transition nature, although it is located in the subtropics. Moreover, the in fluence of the Himalayas also exists in Mt. Wuyi, and the Himalayan elements cover 14.4% in the bryoflora of Mt. Wuyi. The similarity coefficients between the bryofloras of Central and South America, Africa and Oceania and that of Mt. Wuyi are from 5.0-9.2% respectively. The endemic species are not very many and cosmopolitan species are only 7 there. In 1958, P. C. Chen designated Mt. Wuyi as “the transition region of South and North China rich in East-Asiatic genera and species”. His very important conclusion is essentially in accordance with the fact of the bryoflora on Mt. Wuyi. Recently, some of the new records fur ther show the characteristics of the bryoflora in Wuyi. Two facts are worth being mentioned. One is that East-Asiatic genera are only five in Mt. Wuyi. However, there are 9 East-Asiatic genera in Mt. Huangshan more than in Mt. Wuyi; 4 East-Asiatic genera are recorded in Mt. Shennongjia. The other is that epiphyllous liverworts in Mt. Wuyi, consisting of 7 families, 21 genera and 36 species, are less than on Hainan Island and Xishuangbannan, located in the tro pics in China. 3. Comparison between the bryoflora of Mt. Wuyi and those of the neighbouring regions As China covers a very large area, bryofloristic elements are quite different in the diffe rent regions. In this section, we are concentrated on making a comparison between the bryof loras of Mt. Wuyi and the regions belonging to the Central China of the bryoflora named by P. C. Chen. Huaping Forest Region, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region in South China, with both latitute and altitude very similar to Mt. Wuyi, is included in this comparison (Fig. 1). According to the rough estimation, the similarity coefficient of moss genera between Mt. Wuyi and Huaping is 56.3%, and those between the mountain and southern Zhejian and Mt. Huangshan, Anhui, are 62.7% and 51.6% respectively, while the similarity coefficient of the genera of the mossfloras between Mt. Shennongjia and Mt. Wuyi is 46.8%. Table 2 shows the statistics of mosses in Mt. Wuyi and the others, but the bryoflora of Huaping needs further study However, it is very interesting to note that Haplomitrium and Pleurozia of liverworts are both found in Mt. Wuyi and Huaping Forest Region, and the similarity coefficient between the mossfloras of Mt. Wuyi and Zhejian Province is also higher than those mentioned above. Tropical and subtropical elements reduce towards the north in China, and temperate ones increase. Huaping is located in the south, and, as expected, some tropical and subtropical genera such as Hookeriopsis and Symphyodon have been found there, but not in Mt. Wuyi; several temperate genera, such as Schwetschkeopsis and Fauriella, have been recorded in Mt. Huangshan, but not in Mt. Wuyi. For some unknown reasons, Octoblepharum and Neckeropsis are only found in southern Zhejiang, but not in Mt. Wuyi. Mt. Shennongjia, with its main peak over 1000 m higher than that of Mt. Wuyi, is located in its northwest, and more than ten temperate genera, such as, Ceratodon, Aulacomnium Myurella, Bryonoguchia and Abietinella have been found there. Generally, Mt. Wuyi belongs to the central subtropical region of China, and East-Asiatic endemic genera are the main elements of its bryoflora, but the bryoflora also consists of tropical and subtropical elements with some temperate ones. 4. East-Asiatic endemic genera in the bryoflora of Mt. Wuyi In the bryoflora of Mt. Wuyi, one of the main elements, East-Asiatic endemic genera, should not be neglected (Tab. 4). East-Asiatic endemic genera in Mt. Wuyi (five) are less than in Mt. Huangshan and Mt. West Tianmu, although the positions of the latter two are very close to Mt. Wuyi. East-Asiatic endemic genera of liverworts are Trichocolea and Macvicaria so far found in Mt. Wuyi, and the mosses are Myuriopsis, Meteoriella, Pseudospiridentopsis (Fig. 1). Myuriopsis is only distributed in Taiwan Province and Mt. Wuyi, and the other four are distributed in Mt. Huangshan or Mt. West Tianmu, and also in Taiwan, besides in Mt. Wuyi. About thirty EastAsiatic endemic genera have so far been known in China, which means that about one sixth of East- Asiatic endemic genera of the bryophytes occur in Mt. Wuyi. We may notice that nine and seven East-Asiatic endemic genera of the bryophytes have been recorded in Mt. Huangshan and Mt. West Tianmu respectively. In Mt. Shennongjia, Central China, there are four East Asiatic endemic genera, but only two have been found in the Huaping Forest Region, South China. In Mt. Dinghua, located south of Mt. Wuyi, on East-Asiatic endemic genus of the bryophytes has so far been found. East-Asiatic endemic genera of the bryophytes are mainly limited to China, Korea and Japan, including the East Himalayas, rarely occur in South Asia, Siberia of the Soviet Union. Therefore, these genera enjoy a warm and moist environment. In Mt. Wuyi, all the East-Asiatic endemic genera are monotypic ones with a disjunct distribution. Now in Taiwan Province five of six recorded East-Asiatic endemic genera are common to Mt. Wuyi. In Japan, about eleven, i.e. one third of, East Asiatic endemic genera so far found are common to China, which shows a long history of the phytogeographical relationships between Japan and China. East Asiatic endemic genera of the bryophytes might therefore exist on islands of Taiwan Province and Japan before they were separated from the mainland of Asia. However the fossil evidence is still lacking in the bryophytes, so we are not able to discuss about the distribution area and the distribution center of the East-Asiatic bryoflora in detail. The above estimation is more or less related to geological history, and we assume that the East-Asiatic endemic genera have existed at least since the end of the Tertiary. Starting from the Quaternary, the climatic change during glacial epoch has been possibly the most important factor affecting the bryoflora in Asia, and the upheaval of the Himalayas has stimulated the diversity and the specialization of the bryophy tes. Considering these factors, East-Asiatic endemic genera might be the “Tertiary fossil plants”. Another problem is difficult to explain, because Mts. Huangshan, West Tianmu and Shen nongjia were once influenced by glaciation directly, although Chinese geologists hold different views. However, no evidence of glaciation has been found in Mt. Wuyi. It is worth to study the close relationships between Mt. Wuyi, Mt. Huangshan and Mt. West Tianmu, where is the distri bution center of the East-Asiatic endemic genera. The above three mountain regions share half of the East-Asiatic endemic genera, and about 32% genera of the others are found in two of them (Fig. 2). Myuriopsis, one of the East Asiatic types, was only recorded in Taiwan Pro vince, Japan and Korea. Neodolichomitra, occuring in Taiwan Province, is endemic to China. More or less the differentiation has taken place in Mt. Huangshan, Mt. West Tianmu and Mt. Wuyi. The number of the East-Asiatic endemic genera is smaller in Mt. Wuyi, so it is possibly located on the border of the distributional center of the East-Asiatic endemic genera. Moreo ver, three of four East-Asiatic endemic genera in Mt. Shennongjia are also found in Mt. Huang shan and Mt. West Tianmu, but the other East-Asiatic genus in Mt. Wuyi is common to the mountain areas in SW China, the Qinglin Range of NW China, and the isolated mountain areas of NE China. Considering all the characteristics of the bryoflora of Mt. Shennongjia, we assume that Mt. Shennongjia may belong to another distribution center, including SW part of Sichuan Province, and the other neighbouring mountains.     

横断山区南段多孔菌的多样性与区系成分分析

多孔菌是大型真菌的主要类群之一,具有重要的生态功能与经济价值。本文通过野外调查研究,对横断山区南段的多孔菌进行了物种多样性和区系成分分析,发现横断山区南段的多孔菌具有较高的多样性。该地区共发现多孔菌270种,隶属于担子菌门伞菌纲的8个目29个科111个属。优势科为多孔菌科Polyporaceae、锈革孔菌科Hymenochaetaceae、拟层孔菌科Fomitopsidaceae、刺孢齿耳菌科Steccherinaceae和耳壳菌科Dacryobolaceae 5个科,优势属为木层孔菌属Phellinus、栓孔菌属Trametes、嗜蓝孢孔菌属Fomitiporia、集毛菌属Coltricia、硬孔菌属Rigidoporus、蓝孔菌属Cyanosporus、多年卧孔菌属Perenniporia、褐孔菌属Fuscoporia、干皮孔菌属Skeletocutis、灵芝属Ganoderma、异担子菌属Heterobasidion、地花菌属Albatrellus、波斯特孔菌属Postia和附毛孔菌属Trichaptum 14个属。种的区系地理成分可分为8类,其中种类数量最多的是北温带成分,表明横断山区南段多孔菌具有明显的北温带区系特征。该地区多孔菌有腐生菌241种,占89.26%;寄生菌14种,占5.19%;共生菌15种,占5.55%。在寄主方面,横断山区南段多孔菌只能生长在被子植物上的有121种,只能生长在裸子植物上的有98种,能同时在被子植物和裸子植物上生长的有51种。     

福建省肖叶甲科物种垂直分布与区域分化的比较研究(鞘翅目:肖叶甲科)

研究福建省肖叶甲科物种的垂直分布和区域分化,通过对闽西北武夷山垂直分布的调查分析,认为肖叶甲科垂直分布呈现３个基本分带;海拔３５０ｍ以下,３５０－１２００ｍ和海拔１２００ｍ以上,其中以中间带种类最丰富,与闽中戴云山对比,发现物种的垂直分布范围（上限和下限）在戴云山比在武夷山高,有明显的上移趋势,主要影响因素是南北不同气流的作用和植被垂直分布变化,综合平面分布与垂直分布结果,福建省肖甲科区系以适应于