西双版纳热带雨林地栖小兽群落的初步研究

西双版纳热带雨林地栖小兽群落的初步研究ＡＰＲＥＬＩＭＩＮＡＲＹＳＴＵＤＹＯＮＧＲＯＵＮＤ┐ＤＷＥＬＬＩＮＧＳＭＡＬＬＭＡＭＭＡＬＣＯＭＭＵＮＩＴＹＩＮＴＲＯＰＩＣＡＬＲＡＩＮＦＯＲＥＳＴＯＦＸＩＳＨＵＡＮＧＢＡＮＮＡ西双版纳热带森林地处热带东南亚北...     

何首乌愈伤组织诱导和植株再生

1　植物名称　何首乌 (Ｐｏｌｙｇｏｎｕｍｍｕｌｔｉｆｌｏｒｕｍ)。2　材料类别　蒙山阳坡路旁野生植株上的嫩芽。3　培养条件　诱导愈伤组织培养基 :(1 )ＭＳ 6 ＢＡ 1ｍｇ·Ｌ-1(单位下同 ) ＮＡＡ 1 ;(2 )ＭＳ 6 ＢＡ 2 ＮＡＡ 1 ;(3) 1 /2ＭＳ ＮＡＡ 0 .3;(4) 1 /2ＭＳ 2 ,4 Ｄ 0 .1 ;(5 ) 1 /2ＭＳ 2 ,4 Ｄ0 .3;(6 ) 1 /2ＭＳ 2 ,4 Ｄ 1 ;(7)ＭＳ 6 ＢＡ 3 2 ,4 Ｄ 1。芽分化培养基 :(8)ＭＳ 6 ＢＡ 1 ;(9)ＭＳ 6 ＢＡ 2 ;(1 0 )ＭＳ 6 ＢＡ 5 ＮＡＡ 0 .1 ;(1 1 )ＭＳ 6 ＢＡ 2 ＮＡＡ 0 .4;(1 2 …     

酵母HOG途径与甘油合成

ＭＡＰＫｓ（ＭｉｔｏｇｅｎａｃｔｉｖａｔｅｄＰｒｏｔｅｉｎＫｉｎａｓｅｓ）及其上游调节激酶共同组成一个功能单位,作为上游输入信号与多种输出信号间连接的桥梁。ＭＡＰＫ激酶或ＭＥＫ（即ＭＡＰＫ／ＥＲＫ激酶）是ＭＡＰＫ所具有的一个调节激酶,为ＭＡＰＫ的活...     

细胞粘附分子在IgA肾病患者肾组织中的表达──定量免疫组织化学研究

本研究应用免疫组织化学方法及计算机图象分析系统,对４７例ＩｇＡ肾病患者肾组织中细胞间粘附分子－１（ＩＣＡＭ－１）和血管细胞粘附分子－１（ＶＣＡＭ－１）的变化进行了定量研究。以此进一步探讨细胞粘附分子在ＩｇＡ肾病肾脏损伤中的作用变化机理。本文的结果显示：ＩＣＡＭ－１和ＶＣＡＭ－１在ＩｇＡ肾病肾小球内表达均增加,且与肾小球病变程度有密切关系。肾小球病变越重,上述粘附分子在肾小球内表达越强。重度ＩｇＡ肾病患者肾小球内ＩＣＡＭ－１和ＶＣＡＭ－１的表达最强。在伴有炎症细胞浸润的肾间质中ＩＣＡＭ－１也有存在。这一结果说明,ＩＣＡＭ－１和ＶＣＡＭ－１表达强度的变化与ＩｇＡ肾病的发展有密切的关系。     

中国科学院动物研究所兽类标本馆藏模式标本名录

中国科学院动物研究所兽类标本馆藏模式标本名录ＣＡＴＡＬＯＧＵＥＯＦＴＨＥＭＡＭＭＡＬＴＹＰＥＳＰＥＣＩＭＥＮＳＰＲＥＳＥＲＶＥＤＩＮＴＨＥＭＡＭＭＡＬＣＯＬＬＥＣＴＩＯＮＯＦＴＨＥＩＮＳＴＩＴＵＴＥＯＦＺＯＯＬＯＧＹ,ＣＨＩＮＥＳＥＡＣＡＤＥＭＹＯＦ...     

TGF—β家族信号的细胞内传导蛋白：MAD蛋白家族

ＳＭＡＤｓ是新近发现的参与ＴＧＦ－β超家族的信号在细胞内声望地的一族蛋白,包括８个成员,分别称ＳＭＡＤ１－８。ＳＭＡＤ１、２、３、５和８属于一类,它们被ＴＧＦ－β的受体或ＢＭＰ的受体激活而磷酸化,称为受体调节ＳＭＡＤ,传导下ＴＧＦ－β或ＢＭＰ的信号。ＳＭＡＤ６和７属于另一类,它们抑制制受体调节ＳＭＡＤ的信号传导。ＳＭＡＤ４是第三类,它是受体调节ＳＭＡＤ传导信号的伴侣。受体调节ＳＭＡＤ传导信号必须先     

反义RNA调节肿瘤细胞O~6-甲基鸟嘌呤-DNA甲基转移酶活性

报道了逆转录病毒载体介导的反义ＲＮＡ对肿瘤细胞Ｏ６－甲基鸟嘌呤－ＤＮＡ甲基转移酶（ＭＧＭＴ）活性的调节作用．构建了三个表达ＭＧＭＴ反义ＲＮＡ的逆转录病毒载体并用它们转染ＨｅＬａＳ３肿瘤细胞,观察细胞在转染前后ＭＧＭＴｍＲＮＡ水平、ＭＧＭＴ活性及其对ＡＣＮＵ抗药性的变化．发现针对ＭＧＭＴｍＲＮＡ５’端的反义ＲＮＡ能够有效地降低ＭＧＭＴｍＲＮＡ水平和ＭＧＭＴ活性并使细胞对ＡＣＮＵ的敏感性提高４．６倍;针对ＭＧＭＴｍＲＮＡ全长的反义ＲＮＡ也能在一定程度上调节细胞的ＭＧＭＴｍＲＮＡ水平和ＭＧＭＴ活性并增加细胞对ＡＣＮＵ的敏感性,而针对３’端序列的反义ＲＮＡ对ＭＧＭＴ活性没有调节作用．     

Mg~（2＋）对线粒体H~＋－ATP酶的阿霉素敏感性的拮抗效应──H~＋－AT

用生物膜的拆离与重建技术,研究了Ｍｇ２＋对阿霉素（Ａｄｒｉａｍｙｃｉｎ,ＡＤＭ）抑制猪心线粒体Ｈ＋－ＡＴＰ酶及其重建脂酶体（Ｌ·Ｈ＋－ＡＴＰ酶）活性的影响。用胆酸盐透析方法将Ｈ＋－ＡＴＰ酶在大豆磷脂脂质体上重建。实验结果表明,重建Ｈ＋－ＡＴＰ酶的ＡＤＭ的敏感性较仅纯化而未重建者明显增加,这提示ＡＤＭ的抑制作用依赖于磷脂。但是,在有Ｍｇ２＋（１ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ）条件下重建的Ｈ＋－ＡＴＰ酶对ＡＤＭ的敏感性较无Ｍｇ２＋者却又显著降低,这提示Ｍｇ２＋对ＡＤＭ抑制线粒体Ｈ＋－ＡＴＰ酶的作用具有拮抗效应。Ｍｇ２＋的这种拮抗效应是与其在透析重建Ｈ＋－ＡＴＰ酶过程中诱导脂酶体的磷脂的物理状态的改变相关的。所得实验结果对于阐明ＡＤＭ抑制线粒体Ｈ＋－ＡＴＰ酶的作用机理与磷脂的相关性提供了较直接的实验证据。     

宽叶血心兰的组织培养与快速繁殖

植物名称　宽叶血心兰 (Ａｌｔｅｒａｎｔｈｅｒａｒｅｉｎｅｃｋｉｉ)。2　材料类别　带 1个茎的节。3　培养条件　芽苗诱导培养基 :( 1 )ＭＳ 6 ＢＡ0 .5ｍｇ·Ｌ- 1 (单位下同 ) ＮＡＡ 0 .1 ,( 2 )ＭＳ 6 ＢＡ 0 .5 ＮＡＡ 0 .3,( 3)ＭＳ 6 ＢＡ 1 .0 ＮＡＡ0 .1 ,( 4 )ＭＳ 6 ＢＡ 1 .0 ＮＡＡ 0 .3,( 5 )ＭＳ 6 ＢＡ1 .5 ＮＡＡ 0 .1 ,( 6)ＭＳ 6 ＢＡ 1 .5 ＮＡＡ 0 .3;壮苗培养基为 :( 7)ＭＳ ＮＡＡ 0 .5 ,( 8)ＭＳ ＮＡＡ1 .0 ,( 9)ＭＳ ＮＡＡ 1 .5 ,( 1 0 )ＭＳ 6 ＢＡ 0 .5 ＮＡＡ 0 .5 ,( 1 1 )ＭＳ…     

巨噬细胞免疫调变信号：Raf—1,MAPKp44,MAPKp42和p38MAPK的研究

为了了解巨噬细胞免疫调变机理,我们应用ＬＰＳ和ＰＭＡ处理小鼠抑制性巨噬细胞,观察到Ｒａｓ下游信号分子ＡＦ－１,分裂原激活蛋白激酶ＭＡＰＫｐ４４,ＭＡＰＫｐ４２和ｐ３８ＭＡＰＫ均被活化,发现ｆｏｒｓｋｏｌｉｎ能增强ｐ３８ＭＡＰＫ的活性,进一步提示ＰＫＣ和ＰＡＫ途径增强了ｐ３８ＭＡＰＫ的磷酸化效应,为我们了解ＬＰＳ如何激活ｐ３８ＭＡＰＫ信号通路提供了一个新的机会／     

Recent advances in the study of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus replication and pathogenesis

It has now been over twenty years since a novel herpesviral genome was identified in Kaposi's sarcoma biopsies. Since then, the cumulative research effort by molecular biologists, virologists, clinicians, and epidemiologists alike has led to the extensive characterization of this tumor virus, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus(KSHV; also known as human herpesvirus 8(HHV-8)), and its associated diseases. Here we review the current knowledge of KSHV biology and pathogenesis, with a particular emphasis on new and exciting advances in the field of epigenetics. We also discuss the development and practicality of various cell culture and animal model systems to study KSHV replication and pathogenesis.     

The structure, reproduction and taxonomy of Vidalia and Osmundaria (Rhodophyta, Rhodomelaceae)

Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera.     

New or rare chromosome counts in Artemisia L. (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) and related genera from Kazakhstan

Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and Turaniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x = 9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted.     

肝癌中HBV和HCV基因和抗原的分布及意义

采用原位分子杂交方法检测HCV RNA及HBV X基因;采用免疫组织化学方法研究HCV核心抗原,非结构区C33c抗原及HBxAg在肝细胞肝癌中的定位及分布.结果表明(1)HCV RNA、HBV X基因在肝细胞肝癌组织检出率分别为40%(55/136)和82%(112/136).HCV RNA定位于癌细胞的胞浆内,阳性细胞呈散在、灶状及弥漫分布三种形式;HBV X基因在肝癌细胞中的分布呈胞浆型、核型及核浆型,阳性细胞也呈上述三种分布形式;(2)HCV C33c抗原、核心抗原在肝细胞肝癌中的阳性率为81%(133/164)及86%(141/164).C33c抗原定位于癌细胞及肝细胞的胞浆内;核心抗原既定位于癌细胞核中,又可定位于胞浆中.C33c抗原阳性细胞以灶状分布为主;而核心抗原阳性细     

Selection with two alleles and complete dominance

For a plant selection model with frequency-independent viabilities, fertilities and selfing rates, it is shown that apart from global fixation, for certain parameter combinations a protected polymorphism and facultative fixation (either allele may become fixed according to initial frequencies) may both occur. Facultative fixation requires different selling rates for the dominant and recessive type. Protection of the polymorphism requires resource allocation for male and female function. In this connection the problem of purely genetically caused population extinction is discussed.
For general frequency dependence and regular segregation, the chances for establishment of a completely recessive gene are compared to those of a completely dominant gene. It is proven that the process of establishment of the recessive gene, despite a fitness advantage, may be considerably endangered by drift effects if random mating prevails. The recessive gene may reach the same effectivity in establishment as a dominant gene, only if the recessive homozygote mates exclusively with its own type during the period of establishment.