云芝胞内胃蛋白酶抑制剂超声提取工艺研究

目的：采用超声波法提取云芝胞内胃蛋白酶抑制剂。方法：以单位体积破碎清液对胃蛋白酶的抑制单位为响应值,对超声波破细胞的影响条件如超声时间、超声功率、处理量、超声温度等进行研究。结果：云芝胞内胃蛋白酶抑制剂提取的最佳超声波破碎条件为：超声时间10min、超声功率300W、处理量40mL、超声温度20℃。结论：超声波法结合反复冻融可有效提取云芝胞内胃蛋白酶抑制剂。     

云芝发酵产胃蛋白酶抑制剂的反应机理探讨

目的:对一种从云芝发酵液中提取得到的胃蛋白酶抑制剂的动力学性质和反应机理进行研究.方法:采用Lineweaver-Bunk双倒数法和UltroGelACA-54凝胶过滤法:结果:实验证明抑制剂为胞内产物.其成分是蛋白质,分子量为23 100Da,K值为0.996 μmol/L.结论:抑制剂对胃酶的抑制类型属于非竞争和反竞争混合型抑制模式,它与胃酶结合作用的方式可能是在酶的活性基同形成氢键并封锁酶与底物的结合部位.     

一种云芝发酵所产胃蛋白酶抑制剂的纯化及部分性质研究

云芝发酵液经超声波细胞破碎,离心和大孔树脂脱色得上清液.上清液再经DEAE-52、Mono Q离子交换层析和UltroGel ACA-54凝胶过滤分离得到一种胃蛋白酶抑制剂.它的成分是蛋白质,经UltroGel ACA-54凝胶过滤和SDS-PAGE鉴定为单亚基,相对分子量为22.31 kDa.该抑制剂热稳定性良好,对胃酶有很强的抑制作用,半抑制浓度IC50值为29.26 μg/mL,抑制类型属于非竞争和反竞争混合型抑制模式,其Ki值为0.996 μmol/L.     

彩绒革盖菌在猪粪堆肥中应用的初步研究

在以猪粪为原料的静态条垛堆肥的堆体试验中添加了彩绒革盖菌,研究其对堆肥发酵的影响。研究表明彩绒革盖菌在堆肥二次发酵时期有利于堆体温度的提升和保温,说明了在进入堆肥后期彩绒革盖菌对其中剩余的木质素等成分有很好的分解能力,有利于堆肥的腐熟和养分的释放,初步表明彩绒革盖菌是一株理想的堆肥发酵菌株。     

Coriolus versicolor催化酸性橙降解的研究

对利用白腐真菌Coriolus versicolor的菌丝球来催化染料酸性橙的降解作了报道。首先进行了不同初始浓度酸性橙的降解实验。在实验范围内,降解率随着初始浓度的增高而增高,平均降解率在91％左右。建立模型拟合了同一温度下不同初始浓度酸性橙降解的过程。初始浓度在20．99到101.6mg/L之间时,模型计算值与实验值大致吻合。考察了pH和温度对酸性橙降解的影响,发现菌丝球降解酸性橙的最适pH为6．0,温度以32℃左右为最佳。对补充了不同量碳源的酸性橙溶液进行重复分批降解实验表明,碳源的补充对重复分批降解是必不可少的。在重复过程中,降解率呈下降趋势。但在降解染料的同时添加适量的葡萄糖可以使菌丝的使用寿命显著延长。     

彩绒革盖菌固体发酵生产木质素酶工艺优化研究*

采用均匀设计U15(5^8)和双温度培养法进行彩绒革盖菌固体发酵生产木质素酶,对漆酶、愈创木酚酶、多酚氧化酶的活力进行回归分析。结果表明：应用双温度培养法进行彩绒革盖菌固体发酵生产木质素酶时,在自然补给氧气,培养基pH自然(约6．5),并保持环境湿度约60％的条件下,20d是适宜的发酵周期;玉米浆、麸皮、(NH4)2SO4、水分适宜作为固体培养基的成分;少量的Tween-80有利于木质素酶的生产。     

彩绒革盖菌漆酶产酶条件研究

本文研究了碳源、氮源、愈创木酚、香兰素及培养条件对漆酶分泌的影响;结果表明,淀粉作碳源、干酷素作氮源有利于漆酶的分泌,适宜浓度的愈创木酚和香兰素等对漆酶的产生有一定的作用;pH在3.0－8.0的范围内对漆酶的分泌影响差别不大,培养温度,接种量、通气量对漆酶的分泌有较大影响。     

彩绒革盖菌漆酶产酶条件研究

本文研究了碳源、氮源、愈创木酚、香兰素及培养条件对漆酶分泌的影响;结果表明,淀粉作碳源、干酪素作氮源有利于漆酶的分泌,适宜浓度的愈创木酚和香兰素等对漆酶的产生有一定的作用;pH在3.0～8.0的范围内对漆酶的分泌影响差别不大,培养温度、接种量、通气量对漆酶的分泌有较大影响。     

云芝菌丝体多糖的分离纯化研究

利用热水抽提从云芝菌丝体中提取胞内多糖,初步纯化后,用DEAE-Sepharose CL-6B进行分离,从中分离出两个带电荷多糖组分即CVP-I和CVP-Ⅱ,对这两个组分分别用Sepharose CL-6B凝胶柱层析进行纯度鉴定,均出现单一峰,然后用紫外扫描发现这两个组分均出现蛋白多糖的特征吸收,从而可以判断这两个组分是蛋白结合多糖。     

Synergic treatment for monosodium glutamate wastewater by Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Coriolus versicolor

Biodegradation and decolorization of monosodium glutamate wastewater were carried out by using an acidophilus yeast strain of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Coriolus versicolor. For the yeast treatment, the highest COD removal and reducing sugar removal efficiency were 76.6% and 80.2%, respectively. The color removal was only 2%. For C. versicolor treatment, the highest COD removal, color removal and reducing sugar removal efficiencies were 78.7%, 56.5% and 90.9%, respectively. The synergic treatment process, in which the yeast and C. versicolor were successively applied,exhibited great advantage over the individual process.     

云芝的化学成分及药理活性研究概况

通过文献检索对云芝的化学成分及药理活性方面进行了综述。研究发现云芝含甾体类、三萜类、有机酸类、生物碱类、葡糖醇类、蛋白质类、糖类、糖肽类等29个化合物,还含胞外黏性物质（ECMM）、胃蛋白酶抑制剂、真菌激发子、铁黏合螯合剂、环肽、18种人体所需的氨基酸和维生素B1、B2、B6及铜、铁、钾、锌等10多种人体所需的活性微量...     

Production of Decolorizing Activity for Molasses Pigment by Coriolus versicolor Ps4a

The distribution of molasses pigment (melanoidin) decolorizing activity (MDA) was investigated in various Basidiomycetes. MDA was only found in some genera of the white-rot-fungi group of which Coriolus versicolor Ps4a showed high activity, a decolorization yield of approximately 80% under the optimal conditions. Production of MDA by C. versicolor was almost completely coincident with the growth of mycelia. The main MDA was due to intracellular enzymes and induced by the molasses pigment. The induced enzyme consisted of two types, namely a sugar dependent enzyme and a sugar independent enzyme. The decolorization by C. versicolor was due to the decomposition of the molasses pigment.     

Sequential batch culture studies for the decolorisation of reactive dye by Coriolus versicolor

The white rot fungus Coriolus versicolor could decolorise reactive dye Remazol Brilliant Violet to almost 90%. The fungal mycelia removed color as well as COD up to 95% and 75%, respectively, in a batch reactor. Decolorising activity was observed during the repeated reuse of the fungus. It was possible to substantially increase the dye decolorising activity of the fungus by carefully selecting the operational conditions such as media composition, age of fungus and nitrogen source. The fungal pellets could be used for eight cycles during the long term operation, where medium and dye was replenished at the end of each cycle and the fungus was recycled. Presence of a nitrogen source and nutrient content of media played an important role in sustaining the decolorisation activity of the fungus. The form of nitrogen source (e.g. peptone vs. urea) was also important to maintain the decolorising activity with peptone showing better decolorisation.     

碳素和氮素对Coriolus versicolor胞外酶分泌的影响

采用单因子相互比较法研究了不同碳素和氮素对彩绒革盖菌胞外漆酶,愈创木酚氧化酶,多酚氧化酶,锰过氧化物酶等木素降解酶分泌的影响,结果淀粉作碳源,干酪素作氮源有利于漆酶的分泌,麦芽粉作碳源,酵母膏作氮源有利于愈创木酚氧化酶和多酚氧化酶的分泌,淀粉作碳源,玉米粉作氮源有利于锰过氧化物酶的分泌。     

乌药超声提取工艺的研究

目的:用超声波法提取乌药有效成分,优化提取工艺条件.方法:以醚内醇为考察对象,通过研究超声波条件下影响浸提的几个因素,包括提取次数、超声后浸泡时间、超声时间、超声功率等,并通过单因素试验优化了工艺条件.结果:确定了超声前浸泡时间45 min、超声功率600 w、超声时间13.2 min、液固比10∶1、超声后浸泡时间1...     

碳源和氮源对彩绒革盖菌液体发酵合成漆酶的影响

研究了碳源、氮源对彩绒革盖菌液体发酵合成漆酶的影响。结果表明,在所选的几种碳、氮源中,麸皮为试验菌株合成漆酶的较好碳源;酵母浸膏、酒石酸铵、蛋白胨均是比较理想的氮源。不同的碳氮比对彩绒革盖菌漆酶的产量有着显著的影响,高碳高氮是其生产漆酶的最佳条件。在适宜的培养条件下该菌株能合成高活力的漆酶,其酶活力可达298 U/mL以上,产酶周期为6~7 d。     

超声波技术在绿茶浸提中的应用研究

以古丈绿茶为原料,在比较研究绿茶超声波辅助浸提对品质成分的浸出率高于传统水提的基础上,从品质成分浸出率角度对超声波辅助浸提绿茶的浸提时间、温度、茶水比和次数进行了优化筛选,得到了一套适合于绿茶的超声波辅助浸提技术参数。结果表明,采用茶水比1∶15、95℃水温、两次浸提(第一次、第二次水量分别为总水量的8/15、7/15)、每次15 min的超声波辅助浸提技术参数,氨基酸、水溶性蛋白质、茶多酚、水溶性碳水化合物、咖啡碱、简单儿茶素、酯型儿茶素、水浸出物的浸出率分别比传统水提提高23.13%、36.92%、14.88%、24.40%、19.24%、26.45%、10.12%1、2.27%,同时,每次浸提的时间比传统水提缩短15 min。     

Expression of a gene for Mn-peroxidase from Coriolus versicolor in transgenic tobacco generates potential tools for phytoremediation

In efforts aimed at the detoxification of contaminated areas, plants have many advantages over bacteria and fungi. We are attempting to enhance the environmental decontamination functions of plants by transferring relevant genes from microorganisms. When the gene for Mn-peroxidase (MnP) from Coriolus versicolor was expressed in transgenic tobacco plants, one line (designated fMnP21) expressed MnP activity at levels 54-fold higher than in control lines. When undamaged roots of transgenic plants were applied to liquid medium supplemented with 250 microM pentachlorophenol (PCP), the decrease in the level of PCP in fMnP21 (86% reduction) was about 2-fold higher than that in control lines (38% reduction). Expression of the gene for MnP in the transgenic plants had no obvious negative effects on their vegetative and sexual growth. Our system should contribute to the development of novel methods for the removal of hazardous chemicals from contaminated environments using transgenic plants.     

枸杞子对云芝菌丝体生长和多糖含量的影响

本文主要研究了枸杞子水煎液的不同浓度对云芝菌丝体生长和云芝多糖积累的影响,试验结果表明,低浓度的枸杞子水煎液有明显的促进作用,高浓度的枸杞子水煎液不表现过强的抑制作用.