Genome-wide analysis of AP2/ERF transcription factors in pineapple reveals functional divergence during flowering induction mediated by ethylene and floral organ development

The APETALA2/ethylene-responsive factor (AP2/ERF) has important roles in regulating developmental processes and hormone signaling transduction in plants. Pineapple demonstrates a special sensitivity to ethylene, and AP2/ERFs may contribute to this distinct sensitivity of pineapples to ethylene. However, little information is available on the AP2/ERF of pineapple. In this study, 97 AP2/ERF family members were identified from the pineapple genome. The AcAP2/ERF superfamily could be further divided into five subfamilies, and different subfamily existed functional divergence in multifarious biological processes. ERF and RAV subfamily genes might play important roles in the process of ethylene response of pineapple; ERF and DREB subfamily genes had particular functions in the floral organ development. This study is the first to provide detailed information on the features of AP2/ERFs in pineapple, provide new insights into the potential functional roles of the AP2/ERF superfamily members, and will facilitate a better understanding of the molecular mechanism of flower in pineapple.     

植物AP2/ERF类转录因子研究进展

植物AP2/ERF是一个庞大的转录因子基因家族,含有由60~70个氨基酸组成的AP2/ERF结构域而得名,存在于所有的植物中。AP2/ERF转录因子参与多种生物学过程,包括植物生长、花发育、果实发育、种子发育、损伤、病菌防御、高盐、干旱等环境胁迫响应等。AP2/ERF类转录因子参与水杨酸、茉莉酸、乙烯、脱落酸等多种信号转导途径,而且是逆境信号交叉途径中的连接因子。文章对国内外近年来有关植物AP2/ERF类转录因子的分类、生物学功能、基因调控等方面的研究进行了综述。     

ERF转录因子调控生物胁迫反应的研究进展

ERF家族是植物所特有的APETALA2/乙烯响应因子(APETALA2/ethylene-responsive factor,AP2/ERF)转录因子家族的一个主要亚家族,其成员结构特点是仅含有1个58-60个氨基酸组成的AP2/ERF结构域.有关该家族成员的大多数研究集中在与寒、旱等非生物胁迫方面,最近越来越多的研...     

AP2/ERF转录因子调控植物非生物胁迫响应研究进展

低温、干旱、高盐和缺氧等多种不良环境影响植物的生长发育, 植物通过长期进化形成复杂的调节机制来适应这些不利条件。AP2/ERF是植物特有的转录因子, 在各种胁迫响应过程中发挥关键调控作用。近年来, 越来越多的研究表明, 植物激素介导的信号级联通路与逆境胁迫响应关系密切, AP2/ERF转录因子可与激素信号转导协同形成交叉调控网络。许多AP2/ERF转录因子通过响应植物激素脱落酸和乙烯, 激活依赖或不依赖于脱落酸和乙烯的胁迫响应基因的表达。此外, AP2/ERF转录因子参与赤霉素、细胞分裂素和油菜素内酯介导的生长发育和胁迫应答。该文简要综述了AP2/ERF转录因子的结构特征、转录调控、翻译后修饰、结合位点、协同互作蛋白及其参与调控依赖或不依赖激素信号转导途径的非生物胁迫响应研究进展, 为解析不同AP2/ERF转录因子在调控激素和胁迫响应网络中的作用提供理论依据。     

Identification of the mulberry genes involved in ethylene biosynthesis and signaling pathways and the expression of MaERF-B2-1 and MaERF-B2-2 in the response to flooding stress

The phytohormone ethylene is essential to plant growth and development. It plays crucial roles in responses to biotic and abiotic stress. The mulberry tree is an important crop plant in countries in which people rear silkworms for silk production. The availability of the mulberry genome has made it possible to identify mulberry genes involved in ethylene biosynthesis and signal pathways. A total of 145 mulberry genes were identified by both homology-based and hidden Markov model (HMM) search, including 29 genes associated with ethylene biosynthesis and 116 genes in the AP2/ERF family. Studies on gene structure have provided a genetic basis for understanding the functions of these genes. The differences in gene expression were also observed in different tissues. The expression of two mulberry genes in the AP2/ERF family, MaERF-B2-1 and MaERF-B2-2, was found to be associated with the response to flooding stress.     

Identification of ERF genes in peanuts and functional analysis of AhERF008 and AhERF019 in abiotic stress response

Ethylene-responsive factor (ERF) play an important role in regulating gene expression in plant development and response to stresses. In peanuts (Arachis hypogaea L.), which produce flowers aerially and pods underground, only a few ERF genes have been identified so far. This study identifies 63 ERF unigenes from 247,313 peanut EST sequences available in the NCBI database. The phylogeny, gene structures, and putative conserved motifs in the peanut ERF proteins were analysed. Comparative analysis revealed the absence of two subgroups (A1 and A3) of the ERF family in peanuts; only 10 subgroups were identified in peanuts compared to 12 subgroups in Arabidopsis and soybeans. AP2/ERF domains were found to be conserved among peanuts, Arabidopsis, and soybeans. Outside the AP2/ERF domain, many soybean-specific conserved motifs were also detected in peanuts. The expression analysis of ERF family genes representing each clade revealed differential expression patterns in response to biotic and abiotic stresses. Overexpression of AhERF008 influenced the root gravity of Arabidopsis, whereas overexpression of AhERF019 enhanced tolerance to drought, heat, and salt stresses in Arabidopsis. The information generated in this study will be helpful to further investigate the function of ERFs in plant development and stress response.     

AP2/EREBP 转录因子在植物发育和胁迫应答中的作用

AP2/EREBP (APETALA2/ethylene-res ponsive element binding proteins) 是一个起源古老的转录因子超家族, 它含有1个或2个由约60-70个氨基酸残基组成的非常保守的DNA结合域 (DNA-binding domain), 即AP2/ERF结构域。根据AP2/ERF结构域的数目, AP2/EREBP转录因子可以分为2个亚族: EREBP亚族(具有1个AP2/ERF结构域)和AP2亚族(具有2个AP2/ERF结构域)。AP2亚族转录因子有调控花、胚珠和种子发育的功能, 而EREBP亚族转录因子(包括DREB类和ERF类) 的主要功能是调节植物对激素(乙烯和ABA等)、病原和胁迫(低温、干旱及高盐)等的应答反应。本文讨论了AP2/EREBP转录因子在植物发育和胁迫应答中的研究进展。     

AP2/EREBP转录因子在植物发育和胁迫应答中的作用

AP2／EREBP（APETALA2/ethylene-responsive element binding proteins）是一个起源古老的转录因子超家族,它含有1个或2个由约60—70个氨基酸残基组成的非常保守的DNA结合域（DNA-binding domain）,即AP2／ERF结构域。根据AP2／ERF结构域的数目,AP2／EREBP转录因子可以分为2个亚族：EREBP亚族（具有1个AP2／ERF结构域）和AP2亚族（具有2个AP2／ERF结构域）。AP2亚族转录因子有调控花、胚珠和种子发育的功能,而EREBP亚族转录因子（包括DREB类和ERF类）的主要功能是调节植物对激素（乙烯和ABA等）、病原和胁迫（低温、干旱及高盐）等的应答反应。本文讨论了AP2／EREBP转录因子在植物发育和胁迫应答中的研究进展。     

花烟草NaERF1基因的克隆及在非生物胁迫下的表达模式分析

AP2/ERF类转录因子,是植物所特有的最大的一类转录因子家族,在植物的生长发育过程中,扮演着重要的角色。探究花烟草ERF转录因子的生理功能,为花烟草抵御逆境的分子机制研究提供借鉴。采用同源克隆的方法进行基因克隆。通过对花烟草进行非生物胁迫,运用qPCR的方法进行基因表达模式分析。从花烟草(Nicotiana alata)中克隆了一个属于ERF家族的基因NaERF1。该基因的开放阅读框全长为819 bp,编码了272个氨基酸。生物信息学分析结果表明,该基因编码的蛋白分子量为30.7 kD,等电点为6.07;具有AP2/ERF类转录因子家族典型的保守结构域;该基因主要定位于细胞质内,并含有多个磷酸化位点。同源性分析的结果显示,NaERF1基因与茄科植物的ERF同源性较高,并且与普通烟草的ERF亲缘关系最近。NaERF1基因的表达具有组织表达特异性,花中表达量最高,茎中次之,根和叶中表达量较低。同时,在高盐、干旱、低温、ABA、低钾及H2O2等非生物胁迫下,NaERF1的表达呈现5种模式。其中,对低钾及ABA胁迫的响应强烈。NaERF1基因属于AP2/ERF类转录因子,可能广泛参与了花烟草包括非生物胁迫响应在内的众多生理过程。