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1.
Yasseen Mohamed-Yasseen Suzanne Helene Costanza 《In vitro cellular & developmental biology. Plant》1996,32(2):100-102
Summary Two protocols for clonal propagation of kurrat (Allium ampeloprasum var.kurrat) using explants from the basal plates of mature plants are described. In direct formation, explants were cultured in Murashige
and Skoog (MS) medium and supplemented with either benzyladenine at 0.0 or 4.4 μM, or supplemented with 7.0 μM benzyladenine and 0.1 μM naphthaleneacetic acid. Shoots appeared after 4 wk of culture. In the two-step procedure, explants were cultured first on
MS medium supplemented with 1.4 μM 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid and 1.4 μM kinetin, and incubated in the dark for 4 wk. They were then transferred to MS medium supplemented with 4.4 μM benzyladenine for shoot formation. All shoots were rooted on MS medium containing 5 g·liter−1 activated charcoal. Normal viable plants were successfully established in soil. 相似文献
2.
Summary We have developed efficient methods for plant regeneration, via both embryogenesis and organogenesis, of Smooth Cayenne pineapple,
Ananas comosus (L.) Merr. Leaf bases and core (stem) sections of in vitro shoots, produced from culture of crown tip meristem, were used as explants for plant regeneration as follows: (1) Leaf base
and core section explants cultured on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium containing 41 μM 4-amino-3,5,6-trichloropicolinic acid (picloram, P) or thidiazuron (T)/P combinations produced embryogenic tissues. Different
types of embryogenic tissues (friable emryogenic tissue, embryogenic cell cluster, and chunky embryogenic tissue) have been
developed with varying properties in terms of growth rate and state of development. The embryogenic tissues regenerated shoots
upon culture on MS medium containing 13 μM 6-benzylaminopurine (BA) and 1μM α-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) followed by culture on MS medium containing 4 μM BA. (2) Crown tip meristems cultured on MS medium containing 13 μM BA followed by leaf explants cultured on MS medium with 27 μM NAA and 1 μM BA produced shoots via direct organogenesis. (3) Explants cultured on MS medium containing 5 μM T and 0.5 μM indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) produced nodular globular structures, which produced shoots upon culture on MS medium containing
1 μM BA and 1 μM gibberellic acid. Shoots obtained from all of the above methods were rooted in half-strength MS medium containing 3 μM NAA and 2.5 μM IBA. Plants were transferred to the greenhouse or shipped to Costa Rica for field trials. Somatic embryo-derived plants exhibited
21 % spininess, and organogenic-derived plants exhibited 5% spininess in the field trials. 相似文献
3.
Summary Procedures for callus induction and subsequent organogenesis in the aquatic plant, water chestnut (Trapa japonica Flerov), were established. Phenolics exuded from explants at the callus-induction stage adversely affect callus growth. For
cotyledonary node-derived callus cultured in Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium (full, half or quarter strength) containing 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic
acid (2,4-D) alone or in combination with benzyladenine (BA), the accumulation of phenolics was reduced and callus induction
increased by the addition of 10.8 μM phloroglucinol (PG) to the medium. Ascorbic acid was also effective in reducing phenolic accumulation, but less effective
for callus induction than PG. Half-strength MS medium supplemented with 2.7 μM 2,4-D, 108.0 μM casein hydrolyzate, and 10.8 μM PG supported maximum callus induction. Plant organogenesis was increased by addition of vitamins (0.27 μM biotin and 2.7 μM folic acid) to half-strength MS medium supplemented with 0.27 μM BA. Many shoots developed from the regenerated nodal shoot explants in liquid half-strength MS salts medium supplemented
with 1.08 μM BA and 0.27 μM naphthaleneacetic acid. Individual shoots were excised and cultured in liquid half-strength MS medium supplemented with 5.4
μM IBA and rooted plantlets (108) were transferred and acclimatized in plastic pots. After 3 wk, the plantlets were transplanted
in a water chestnut field and the survival rate was 100%. 相似文献
4.
Summary A protocol for in vitro propagation using direct induction of shoot buds from leaf explants of in vitro-raised shoots of Rosa damascena var. Jwala is reported. The present study is the first report on direct shoot regeneration in scented roses. Elite plants
raised from nodal explants and maintained for over 2yr in vitro on a static liquid shoot multiplication Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with 5.0 μM benzyladenine (BA) and 3% sucrose were used. Petioles from fully developed young leaves, obtained after 4 wk of pruning of
old shoots, were found to be ideal for regeneration of shoots. Initially the explants were cultured in an induction medium
[half-strength MS+3% sucrose+6.8μM thidiazuron+0.27 μM α-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA)+17.7 μM AgNO3] and subsequently transferred to the regeneration medium (MS+2.25 μM BA+0.054 μM NAA) after 7, 14, 21, 28, and 35d. The highest shoot regeneration response (69%) was recorded when shoots were kept in the
induction medium for 21 d and later transferred to regeneration medium. Histological studies revealed direct formation of
shoot buds without the intervening callus phase. In vitro rooting of micro-shoots was accomplished within 2wk on half-strength MS liquid medium supplemented with 10.0 μM IBA and 3% sucrose for 1 wk in the dark and later transferred to hormone-free medium and kept in the light. Plantlets, remaining
in the latter medium for 5–6 wk when transferred to soil, showed 90% survival. 相似文献
5.
Summary Micropropagation of Scabiosa caucasica cv. Caucasica Blue was achieved by culturing, separating axillary and adventitious shoots, or node sectioning on Murashige
and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with benzyladenine (BA). The highest frequency of adventitious shoots regenerated from
nodal or internodal explants and leaf blade (with or without petiole) appeared to occur on MS medium with 4.4 and 18 μM BA, respectively. Addition of 0.19 or 1.9 μM α-naphthaleneacetic acid to the BA-containing medium promoted callus formation and reduced shoot organogenesis. During micropropagation,
shoot nodal explants derived from in vitro shoots cultured on MS medium supplemented with 4.4 μM BA yielded 8.9 shoots per explant within 40 d after culture initiation. 相似文献
6.
Cao Dinh Hung Krystyna Johnson Fraser Torpy 《In vitro cellular & developmental biology. Plant》2006,42(6):548-552
Summary An efficient protocol for in vitro propagation of the valuable medicinal plant, Wasabia japonica (Miq.) Matsumura is described through shoot tip proliferation and direct regeneration. Multiple shoots were induced from
shoort tips cultured on Murashige and Skoog (MS) semi-solid medium containing various concentrations (0.5–50 μM) of N6-benzyladenine (BA), thidiazuron, kinetin, and zeatin. A comparison was made on shoot multiplication between semi-solid and
liquid culture media. Well-developed shoots were obtained using full-strength MS semi-solid medium containing 5.0 μM BA. However, the greatest shoot proliferation was achieved on either full- or half-strength MS liquid media supplemented
with 5.0 μM BA for 4 wk (15.3±0.9 and 15.0±0.7 shoots per explant, respectively), and on half-strength MS liquid medium for 6 wk (25.8±1.3
shoots per explant) in culture. In contrast, the maximum number of shoots per explant on full-strength MS semi-solid medium
was achieved with either 5.0 μM BA (10.4±0.6 shoots per explant) or 10.0 μM kinetin (10.9±0.8 shoots per explant). Fresh weight of explants and length of shoots derived from full-strength MS liquid
medium (1055±77 mg and 34.2±1.0 mm, respectively) were significantly higher than those derived from full-strength MS semisolid
medium (437.6±17.3 mg and 15.4±0.7 mm, respectively). Quarter-strength MS liquid medium had no significant difference in shoot
proliferation when compared to quarter-strength MS semi-solid medium. Elongated shoots were separated and rooted on half-strength
MS semi-solid media fortified with 1-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA), indole-3-butyric acid (IBA), or indole-3-acetic acid (IAA)
ranging from 0.1 to 10.0 μM. Root formation was greatest with IBA when compared with IAA and NAA. One hundred percent of shoots were rooted on half-strength
MS medium with 5.0 μM IBA, while vigorous roots were obtained with 10.0 μM IBA. Micropropagated plantlets were successfully established in soil with 95% survival rate after heardening. 相似文献
7.
Summary Tissue culture and plant regeneration protocols for the salt marsh plants Juncus roemerianus Scheele and Juncus gerardi Loisel, were developed. J. roemerianus callus was induced from mature seeds cultured on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with 2.22 μM 6-benzylaminopurine (BA), 5.37 μM α-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA), 2.26 μM 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D), and 50 ml l−1 coconut water (callus induction medium). The callus was subcultured on MS medium containing 2.22 μM BA, 5.37 μM NAA, and 9.05 μM 2,4-D for callus maintenance. Shoot regeneration occurred 2 wk after transferring the callus onto shoot regeneration medium,
which consisted of MS medium containing BA or thidiazuron. A high frequency of shoot regeneration was obtained when the medium
contained 13.3 μM BA. Regenerated shoots were transferred to MS medium supplemented with 10.7 μM NAA for root production. Rooting did not occur in the shoots regenerated on the thidiazuron-containing media. The callus
induction medium for J. roemerianus was also effective in inducing callus of J. gerardi from young inflorescences. The same medium was also used for callus maintenance. Shoot regeneration occurred 10 d after transferring
the callus onto MS medium supplemented with 0.44 μM BA and 0.57 μM indole-3-acetic acid. Root regeneration occurred after transferring the shoots onto MS medium plus 0.44 μM BA and 14.8 μM indole-3-butyric acid. The regenerated plants of both J. roemerianus and J. gerardi grew vigorously in potting soil in the greenhouse. J. roemerianus regenerants also grew well in a saltwater-irrigated field plot. Tissue culture-produced plants of J. roemerianus and J. gerardi can be used for planting in created or restored wetlands. 相似文献
8.
Summary Tennessee coneflower [Echinacea tennesseensis (Beadle) Small] was regenerated from flower stalks, leaf sections from flowering plants, and hypocotyls and cotyledons from
seedlings. Murashige and Skoog medium (MS) supplemented with naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) at 0.54 μM and thidiazuron (TDZ) at 22.7 μM yielded the most shoots per leaf explant. NAA and 6-benzylaminopurine concentrations for optimal shoot regeneration from
leaf, flower stalk, cotyledon and hypocotyl explants in MS media were 0.54 and 24.6μM, respectively. All explant types generated shoots; however, those derived from leaves and flower stalks produced the highest
number of shoots per explant and highest percentage of explants with shoots. Explants cultured on media containing high levels
of NAA (5.4–27 μM) formed calluses but no adventitious shoot. Leaf explants responded to a wider range of NAA concentrations than the other
explant types but shoots generated from flower stalks grew the fastest. While all cytokinins tested increased the number of
shoots per explant, the number of shoots in media containing TDZ was increased by nearly threefold. Regenerated shoots from
all explant types cultured on MS medium supplemented with 0.25 μM indole-3-butyric acid initiated roots within 4 wk; NAA was not effective for root induction. All vernalized plantlets developed
into plants that were morphologically identical to the source material. 相似文献
9.
Summary A viable protocol has been developed for direct and indirect shoot regeneration of Vernonia cinerea. To establish a stable and high-frequency plant regeneration system, leaf and stem explants were tested with different combinations
of α-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA), indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), and benzylaminopurine (BA). Lateral buds on nodal explants
grew into shoots within 2 wk of culture in Murashige and Skoog (MS) basal medium supplemented with 20.9 μM BA. Excision and culture of nodal segments from in vitro-raised shoots on fresh medium with the same concentration of BA facilitated development of more than 15 shoots per node.
Similarly leaf, nodal, and internodal explants were cultured on MS basal medium supplemented with different concentrations
of BA, NAA, and IAA either alone or in combinations for callus induction and organogenesis. Shoot buds and/or roots were regenerated
on callus. Shoot buds formed multiple shoots within 4 wk after incubation in induction medium. Adventitious buds and shoots
proliferated when callus was cut into pieces and subcultured on MS basal medium containing 20.9 μM BA and 5.3 μM NAA. This combination proved to be the best medium for enhanced adventitious shoot bud multiplication, generating a maximum
of 50 shoots in 4 wk. This medium was also used successfully for shoot proliferation in liquid medium. Root formation was
observed from callus induced in medium containing 8.05–13.4 μM NAA. Regenerated shoots exhibited flowering and root formation in MS basal medium without any growth regulators. Plantlets
established in the field showed 85% survival and exhibited identical morphological characteristics as the donor plant. 相似文献
10.
Summary Eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) was efficiently regenerated from cultured roots of 15-d-old seedlings on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium containing 0.45
μM thidiazuron and 13.3 μM 6-benzyladenine. Within 28d of culture initiation, induction of organogenic calluses and subsequent differentiation into
shoot buds were observed. Shoot buds upon subculture to MS basal medium elongated into healthy shoots. Excised shoots (2–4
cm) were rooted on Soilrite? irrigated with water either in vitro or in vivo. Plants with well-developed root systems were established under field conditions after hardening in the glasshouse, where
they developed into flowering plants and produced mature fruits with viable seeds. 相似文献
11.
Landi Sun Suiwen Hou Dali Wu Yingcong Zhang 《In vitro cellular & developmental biology. Plant》2008,44(5):396-400
This study describes a reliable protocol for callus induction and rapid mass propagation of the ecologically important plant,
Zygophyllum xanthoxylon (Bunge) Maxim. The optimum callus induction medium was Murashige and Skoog (MS) supplemented with 4.4 μM 6-benzylaminopurine
(BAP) and 2.7 μM α-naphthalene–acetic acid (NAA), on which the callus induction frequencies from different seedling explants
were all 100%. However, seedling-derived callus did not form regenerated shoots. In order to achieve shoot multiplication,
shoots were developed from cultured plumules, at an average of 3.1 shoots per explant, and the regenerated shoot tips were
further multiplied by subculture. The best shoot multiplication from shoot tips was achieved on MS supplemented with 5.4 μM
NAA and 22.2 μM BAP after 40 d of culture. Seventy-three percent of regenerated shoots formed roots when cultured on MS supplemented
with 8.6 μM IAA after 4 wk of culture. The plants that acclimatized successfully in sand flourished the following year, with
normal morphology and growth characteristics. 相似文献
12.
Piedad Gallego Oscar Hita Nieves Villalobos Ana Dorado Luisa Martin Hilario Guerra 《In vitro cellular & developmental biology. Plant》2001,37(2):199-203
Summary An efficient plant regeneration system employing cotyledons, hypocotyls, petioles and leaves as explants and characterized
by continuous and prolific production of somatic embryos, has been developed with Medicago arborea ssp. arborea. The optimal somatic embryogenic response was obtained using a two-step protocol, where explants were incubated under a 16
h photoperiod for 2 mo. on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium containing 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D; 9 μM) and kinetin (9 μM), and followed by transfer to kinetin-free MS medium with 2,4-D (2.25 μM). Removal of the cytokinin and a reduction in the concentration of auxin (2.25 μM) in the second step of culture were critical for enhanced production of somatic embryos. The best explants proved to be cotyledons
and petioles (i.e. a mean of 18.0±0.70 somatic embryos at 3 mo. for petiole culture). Somatic embryos were converted into
normal plantlets (8.0±0.89%) when cultured on basal MS medium with 5 μM indolebutyric acid. No somatic embryos were obtained when thidiazuron was used in the culture media. Using petioles as explants
and N6-benzyladenine (BA), embryogenesis was induced in the second step of culture when BA was removed from the medium and the concentration
of 2,4-D was decreased to 2.25 μM. 相似文献
13.
C. G. Sudha P. N. Krishnan P. Pushpangadan 《In vitro cellular & developmental biology. Plant》1998,34(1):57-63
Summary A rapid micropropagation system was established forHolostemma annulare (Roxb.) K. Schum., (H. ada-kodien R. Br. ex Schult; Asclepiadaceae), a rare medicinal plant. Shoot tips (0.5–0.8 cm) and terminal and basal nodes (1.0–1.5
cm) harvested from actively growing shoots of conventionally raised plants were cultured on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium
supplemented with various concentrations of 6-benzyladenine (BA) and α-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA). Multiple shoot formation
(3.8) was observed in 68% of basal nodes cultured on medium with optimum concentration of 4.43 μM BA and 0.54 μM NAA after 8 wk. Terminal nodes were not suitable for inducing multiple shoots. Irrespective of the orientation (vertical/horizontal),
all shoot tip explants responded with a single shoot in all the combinations of plant growth regulators tried. Effects of
other cytokinins (kinetin and 2-isopentenyladenine) and auxins [indole-3-acetic acid and indole-3-butyric acid (IBA)] to enhance
the regeneration potential of basal nodes were analyzed. Shoots were multiplied by subculture of basal nodes and stumps (the
original explant tissue free of shoots, but with remnant axillary, meristem and two or three protruding buds) in a reduced
concentration of BA (2.21 μM) and NAA (0.27 μM). Liquid medium for multiplication was found to be ineffective due to a high degree of hyperhydricity. To make the multiplication
process cost effective, culture bottles with polypropylene, caps were used for multiplication. The best root induction (75%)
and survival (80%) was achieved on 0.5 strength MS medium supplemented with 1.48 μM IBA. Field-established plants had uniform growth habit traits in terms of height of plants and number, length, and weight
of the tuberous roots. 相似文献
14.
Summary A method of plant regeneration from hypocotyl segments of Platanus acerifolia Willd, has been developed. Hypocotyl slices were cultured on Murashige and Skoog (MS) basal medium supplemented with a range
of combinations of cytokinins [6-benzyladenine (BA) or kinetin] and auxins [indole-3-butyric acid (IBA), indole-3-acetic acid,
α-naphthaleneacetic acid or 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid] for adventitious shoot induetion. The highest regeneration frequency
was obtained with MS medium containing 2.0 mg l−1 (8.88 μM) BA and 0.5 mg l−1 (2.46 μM) IBA. Adventitious buds and shoots were differentiated from hypocotyl-derived cellus or directly from the wounded sites within
4–8 wk. The regenerated shoots were elongated and proliferated efficiently on multiplication medium. Complete plantlets were
transplanted to the soil and grew normally in the greenhouse after root formation on rooting medium for 4–6 wk. 相似文献
15.
Y.-J. Zhang Y.-Q. Qian X.-J. Mu Q.-G. Cai Y.-L. Zhou X.-P. Wei 《Plant cell reports》1998,17(10):819-821
Newly expanded in vitro leaves of Actinidia eriantha were used for protoplast isolation. Protoplasts were cultured in liquid MS medium (lacking NH4NO3) supplemented with 2,4-D (2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid) and 0.4 M glucose. The plating efficiency after 3 weeks of culture was 19.4%, and calli were recovered without addition of fresh medium.
These calli regenerated shoots on transfer to MS medium containing 2.28 μM zeatin and 0.57 μM IAA (indole-3-acetic acid). Regenerated shoots were rooted by immersion in 20 ppm IBA (indole-3-butyric acid) solution before
culturing on half-strength MS medium lacking growth regulators. Somaclonal variation, in terms of chromosome number and nuclei
per cell of protoplast-derived plants, was estimated.
Received: 15 March 1997 / Revision received: 27 January 1998 / Accepted: 7 March 1998 相似文献
16.
Marie-Claire D'Souza Madhuri Sharon 《In vitro cellular & developmental biology. Plant》2001,37(2):168-172
Summary A protocol for in vitro propagation of Bixa orellana is described. Plants were regenerated from shoot apex and nodal explants on B5 medium supplemented with 4.9 μM 2-isopentenyl adenine. The multiplication factor of shoot apex explants was higher (nine shoots per explant) than that of
the nodal explants (five shoots per explant). Regardless of the position of the nodes, all the nodal explants gave similar
responses. However, the size of the nodal explant was an important factor in producing multiple shoots: 0.5 cm nodal explants
produced the maximum multiple shoots. Regenerated shoots from shoot apex explants rooted best on MS medium supplemented with
0.05 μM α-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA). whereas shoots regenerated from nodal explants needed 2.7 μM NAA for rooting. Eighty per cent survival of in vivo transferred plants occurred on the best potting substrate, coco peat. Since the multiplication factor was nine per explant,
this protocol can be use for commercial microprogation. However, the regeneration capacity declined after 10 subcultures.
Approximately, 3350 rooted plants could be generated in 10 mo. after eight subcultures, from one shoot with a shoot apex and
four nodes. 相似文献
17.
Summary A micropropagation method for Orthosiphon stamineus, using stem nodal segments, has been developed. The highest number of regenerated shoots was obtained on Murashige and Skoog
(MS) medium supplemented with 6.7 μM benzyladenine with the formation of an average of 6.1 shoots per explant over a period of 4 wk. The number of shoots increased
with longer culture duration on proliferation medium. Multiple shoots which were maintained on the proliferation medium for
6 wk had the highest proliferation rate. Separation of multiple shoots and culturing in larger flasks significantly promoted
the growth and formation of plantlets. All the in vitro plantlets survived when transferred to the field and showed no significant morphological differences from the mother plants. 相似文献
18.
Summary A protocol has been developed for in vitro plant regeneration from cotyledonary nodes of Pterocarpus marsupium Roxb. Multiple shoots were induced from cotyledonary nodes derived from 20-d-old axenic seedlings grown on Murashige and
Skoog (MS) medium containing 2.22–13.32 μM benzyladenine (BA) or 2.32–13.93 μM kinetin alone or in combination with 0.26 μM α-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA). The highest frequency of responding explants (85%) and maximum number of shoots per explant
(9.5) were obtained on MS medium supplemented with 4.44 μM BA and 0.26 μM NAA after 15 wk of culture. A proliferating shoot culture was established by repeatedly subculturing the orginal cotyledonary
nodal explant on fresh medium after each harvest of the newly formed shoots. Nearly 30% of the shoots formed roots after being
transferred to half-strength MS medium containing 9.84 μM indole-3-butyric acid after 25 d of culture. Fifty percent of shoots were also directly rooted as microcuttings on peat moss,
soil, and compost mixture (1∶1∶1). About 52% plantlets rooted under ex vitro conditions were successfully acclimatized and established in pots. 相似文献
19.
Summary Shoot tips and leaves excised from in vitro shoot cultures of Salvia nemorosa were evaluated for their organogenic capacity under in vitro conditions. The best shoot proliferation from shoot tips was obtained on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with
8.9 μM 6-benzylaminopurine (BA) and 2.9 μM indole-3-acetic acid (IAA). Leaf lamina and petiole explants formed shoots through organogenesis via callus stage and/or
directly from explant tissue. The highest values for shoot regeneration were obtained with 0.9 μM BA and 2.9 μM IAA for lamina explants. No shoot organogenesis was obtained on leaf explants cultured on MS medium supplemented with α-naphthaleneacetic
acid (NAA). The regenerated shoots rooted the best on MS medium containing 0.6 μM IAA or 0.5 μM NAA. In vitro-propagated plants were transferred to soil with a survival rate of 85% after 3 mo. 相似文献
20.
J. Purkayastha T. Sugla A. Paul S. Solleti L. Sahoo 《In vitro cellular & developmental biology. Plant》2008,44(5):442-447
A rapid and efficient method for the large-scale propagation of a highly valuable medicinal plant, Andrographis paniculata Nees, through in vitro culture of nodal explants obtained from 15-d-old aseptic seedling has been developed. High frequency direct shoot proliferation
was induced in nodal explants cultured on Murashige and Skoog’s medium supplemented with 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP). Amongst
the various cytokinins tested (BAP, kinetin, thidiazuron and 2-isopentyl adenine), BAP proved to be the most effective. The
shoot forming capacity of the nodal explants was influenced by the BAP concentration (1–12.5 μM), and the optimal response
was observed at 10 μM BAP, which induced an average of 34 shoots in 94% of the cultures within 4 wk. Significant differences
were recorded in terms of average number of shoots per explant (8.6–34.1) among the different concentrations of BAP investigated.
Concentrations of all cytokinins tested reach a level that can be considered above the optimum level, as marked by a reduced
frequency of shoot proliferation. The multiple shoots obtained on various concentrations of BAP failed to elongate even after
transfer to hormone-free MS medium. Elongation of the induced shoots was achieved on MS basal medium supplemented with 1.0 μM
GA3 within 2 wk. A proliferating shoot culture was established by repeatedly subculturing the original nodal explants on shoot
multiplication medium after each harvest of the newly formed shoots. The explants retained their morphogenic potential even
after three harvests. Therefore, in 90 d, about 60–70 shoots were obtained from a single nodal explant and the nodal explants
from primary shoots further regenerated equivalent number of shoots, depicting their high frequency regeneration potential
in A. paniculata. Rooting was best induced in 94% of shoots cultured on MS medium supplemented with 2.5 μM indole-3-butyric acid (IBA), within
a wk. The plantlets were successfully transferred to soil after hardening with a 92% survival rate. The system is rapid: the
initiation of shoot buds to the transplanting of regenerants to soil is completed in 8–9 wk. 相似文献