云南所麻蝇属一新种记述：双翅目：麻蝇科

作者在整理1985年采集的麻蝇科标本中,发现所麻蝇属(SarcosolomoniaBaranov)1新种。模式标本分别保存于云南省卫生防疫站和军事医学科学院微生物流行病研究所。     

中国大陆摩蜂麻蝇属的修订研究(双翅目,麻蝇科,蜂麻蝇亚科)(英文)

对中国大陆的摩蜂麻蝇属Amobia Robineau-Desvoidy已知种类进行了修订。我国大陆记载的Amobia distorta(Allen)应为A.quatei Kurahashi。提供了大陆已知摩蜂麻蝇属A.signata、A.quatei与台湾分布的A.oculata区分的检索表。     

中国四川麻蝇亚科麻蝇族二新种（双翅目：麻蝇科）

报道采自中国四川西部和北部麻蝇科 Sarcophagidae 2 新种：阿坝亚麻蝇Parasarcophaga abaensis,sp．nov．;蜀西细麻蝇Pierretia shuxia,sp．nov．。模式标本存中国科学院上海生命科学研究院植物生理生态研究所。     

基于线粒体COI基因片段的麻蝇属(双翅目:麻蝇科)部分种类DNA分类研究

本研究在Pape(1996)提出的麻蝇属(双翅目:麻蝇科)分类系统基础上,选取麻蝇属54个物种(分属于30个亚属),基于线粒体COI基因片段,结合雄性成蝇尾器形态特征,对所选取的30个亚属进行了DNA分类研究,初步探明了各亚属的分类地位与系统发育关系.麻蝇属30个亚属内的平均遗传距离为6.0％(1.8％～11.0％),各亚属间的平均遗传距离为10.1％(5.2％ ～16.1％),亚属内与亚属间遗传距离差异较为明显,说明COI基因片段对麻蝇属各亚属级阶元能进行有效区分.     

基于线粒体COⅠ基因片段的麻蝇属(双翅目:麻蝇科)部分种类DNA分类研究

本研究在Pape(1996)提出的麻蝇属(双翅目:麻蝇科)分类系统基础上,选取麻蝇属54个物种(分属于30个亚属),基于线粒体COⅠ基因片段,结合雄性成蝇尾器形态特征,对所选取的30个亚属进行了DNA分类研究,初步探明了各亚属的分类地位与系统发育关系。麻蝇属30个亚属内的平均遗传距离为6.0%(1.8%¹1.0%),各亚属间的平均遗传距离为10.1%(5.2%11.0%),各亚属间的平均遗传距离为10.1%(5.2%¹6.1%),亚属内与亚属间遗传距离差异较为明显,说明COⅠ基因片段对麻蝇属各亚属级阶元能进行有效区分。     

湖南亚麻蝇属一新种记述：双翅目：麻蝇科

本文记述产自湖南省、沅江县的麻蝇科的一个新种,订名为柳氏亚麻蝇Parasarcophaga liui。它的后足胫节无长缨毛;侧阳体基部腹突非常发达;侧阳体端部的侧突单纯而短小等,以上的综合特征,可与酱麻蝇亚属内所有已知种相鉴别。新种的正模和副模标本分加别保存在军事医学科学院微生物流行病研究所和湖南省卫生防疫站。     

四川细麻蝇属一新种——双翅目:麻蝇科)

整理近年来采自四川省西部地区的麻蝇科标本,发现细麻蝇属Pierretia R.-D.1863一新种,特此描述。正模标本保存于沈阳师范学院生物系。 葫突细麻蝇Pierretia lageniharpes新种 鉴别特征 新种雄性肛尾叶末端呈喙状;前阳基侧突端半部呈槽状;阳茎膜状突-     

中国四川右野蝇属Dexagria一新种(双翅目:麻蝇科:野蝇亚科)(英文)

记述采自中国四川的右野蝇属Dexagria Rohdendorf(双翅目,麻蝇科,野蝇亚科,野蝇族,右野蝇亚族)1新种,即康定右野蝇Dexagria kangdingica Feng et Deng,sp.nov.。模式标本保存于中国科学院上海生命科学研究院植物生理生态研究所昆虫博物馆。     

麻蝇和丽蝇幼虫肠道主要蛋白酶活性鉴定

蛋白酶是昆虫肠道的重要消化酶类［１］。研究表明,蛋白酶抑制剂能够抑制昆虫肠道蛋白酶活性,使昆虫生长发育不良甚至死亡,在害虫防治中显示出应用潜力［２～４］。但是,要选择有效的蛋白酶抑制剂,最首要的工作是研究昆虫肠道蛋白酶的特性［５］。蝇类是重要的卫生害虫,确定其肠道蛋白酶的类型,了解其肠道蛋白酶的特性,对蝇类的防治有重要意义。本文以棕尾别麻蝇Ｂｏｅｔｔｃｈｅｒｉｓｃａｐｅｒｅｇｒｉｎａ和巨尾阿丽蝇Ａｌｄｒｉｃｈｉｎａｇｒａｈａｍｉ为材料,分析了其肠道蛋白酶同工酶,鉴定了其肠道主要蛋白酶活性类型,并…     

蝇类精子超微形态研究:麻眼尾蛆蝇

用电子显微镜观察了双翅目,无缝组,食蚜蝇科麻眼尾蛆蝇成熟精子的超微构造。麻眼尾蛆蝇的精子与果蝇的精子基本相似,呈线形,由头部和尾部组成,全长500—600微米。头部呈圆锥型,前端为单层结构的顶体,呈楔形插到核的侧面与核拼接。精子的尾部在头的后方,前粗后细,长500余微米。精子尾部内的微管排列为9+9+2的典型昆虫型。头部与尾部相接之处称为颈部,组合情况颇为复杂。本种精子尾的轴丝不直接与核相接,而是轴丝串联着基体(中心粒衍生物)隔着一层中心粒侧体与核相接。这种间接连接现象在果蝇未成熟的精子中可以见到,当精子成熟时中心粒侧体即行消失,核就直接与串联着基体的轴丝直接相接。麻眼尾蛆蝇成熟精子具有其他蝇类未成熟精子的性状,故可认为麻眼尾蛆蝇在蝇类系统发生中的地位较原始。     

Investigation of the mechanism of temperature sensitivity of the electroreceptors of ampullae of lorenzini

In experiments on Black Sea skates (Raja clavata), the potential of the receptor epithelium of the ampullae of Lorenzini and spike activity of single nerve fibers connected to them were investigated during electrical and temperature stimulation. Usually the potential within the canal was between 0 and –2 mV, and the input resistance of the ampulla 250–400 k. Heating of the region of the receptor epithelium was accompanied by a negative wave of potential, an increase in input resistance, and inhibition of spike activity. With worsening of the animal's condition the transepithelial potential became positive (up to +10 mV) but the input resistance of the ampulla during stimulation with a positive current was nonlinear in some cases: a regenerative spike of positive polarity appeared in the channel. During heating, the spike response was sometimes reversed in sign. It is suggested that fluctuations of the transepithelial potential and spike responses to temperature stimulation reflect changes in the potential difference on the basal membrane of the receptor cells, which is described by a relationship of the Nernst's or Goldman's equation type.I. P. Pavlov Institute of Physiology, Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Leningrad. I. M. Sechenov, Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry, Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Leningrad. Pacific Institute of Oceanology, Far Eastern Scientific Center, Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Vladivostok. Translated from Neirofiziologiya, Vol. 12, No. 1, pp. 67–74, January–February, 1980.     

Principles of organization and evolution of systems of regulation of functions

Evolution of living organisms is closely connected with evolution of structure of the system of regulations and its mechanisms. The functional ground of regulations is chemical signalization. As early as in unicellular organisms there is a set of signal mechanisms providing their life activity and orientation in space and time. Subsequent evolution of ways of chemical signalization followed the way of development of delivery pathways of chemical signal and development of mechanisms of its regulation. The mechanism of chemical regulation of the signal interaction is discussed by the example of the specialized system of transduction of signal from neuron to neuron, of effect of hormone on the epithelial cell and modulation of this effect. These mechanisms are considered as the most important ways of the fine and precise adaptation of chemical signalization underlying functioning of physiological systems and organs of the living organism