Biomechanical effects of posterior pedicle fixation techniques on the adjacent segment for the treatment of thoracolumbar burst fractures: a biomechanical analysis

Abstract

Posterior pedicle fixation technique is a common method for treating thoracolumbar burst fractures, but the effect of different fixation techniques on the postoperative spinal mechanical properties has not been clearly defined, especially on adjacent segments. A finite element model of T10-L2 with moderate T12 vertebra burst fracture was constructed to investigate biomechanical behavior of three posterior pedicle screw fixation techniques. Compared with traditional short-segment 4 pedicle screw fixation (TS-4) and intermediate long-segment 6 pedicle screw fixation (IL-6), mono-segment 4 pedicle screw fixation (MS-4) provides a safer surgical selection to prevent the secondary degeneration of adjacent segments in the long-term.     

经骨折椎体椎弓根螺钉短节段固定治疗胸腰段骨折疗效

目的:评估和分析经骨折椎体椎弓根螺钉短节段固定治疗胸腰段单椎体粉碎性骨折的临床疗效。方法:选取胸腰段单椎体粉碎性骨折30例患者,分为两组,甲组20例,采用经骨折椎体椎弓根螺钉短节段固定治疗,均行骨折椎体及骨折椎体上下相邻椎体的椎弓根螺钉+双侧连接杆固定;乙组10例,只行骨折椎体的上下相邻椎体的椎弓根螺钉+连接杆固定术。术后随访。测定两组患者手术前后的椎体后凸畸形角和骨折椎体前方高度,评估其临床疗效。结果:术前平均后凸畸形角纠正:甲组15°,乙组11°,P0.05。术后骨折椎体前方的平均高度(和正常椎体前方高度比):甲组89%,乙组81%,P0.05;术后3个月随访:平均后凸畸形角纠正丢失,甲组2°,乙组6°,P0.05;骨折椎体前方的平均高度(和正常椎体前方高度比):甲组87%,乙组73%,P0.05。结论:经骨折椎体椎弓根螺钉短节段固定治疗胸腰段单椎体粉碎性骨折能提供更好的生物力学稳定性,更有利于骨折的复位和后凸畸形的纠正。     

伤椎置钉与不置钉短节段内固定对胸腰椎爆裂骨折患者临床疗效及血清炎症损伤介质的影响

目的:探讨伤椎置钉与不置钉短节段内固定对胸腰椎爆裂骨折患者临床疗效及血清炎症损伤介质的影响。方法:回顾性分析2017年3月~2018年7月期间内蒙古医科大学第三附属医院骨科收治的269例胸腰椎爆裂骨折患者的临床资料,根据手术方式的不同分为A组(n=131,给予短节段内固定治疗)和B组(n=138,给予伤椎置钉联合短节段内固定治疗),比较两组患者围术期指标、影像学指标、血清炎症损伤介质及并发症。结果:两组术后1周、术后半年、术后1年伤椎椎体前缘高度呈先升高后降低趋势,且B组术后半年、术后1年伤椎椎体前缘高度均低于A组(P<0.05);两组术后1周、术后半年、术后1年Cobb'S角呈先降低后升高趋势,且B组术后半年、术后1年Cobb'S角均大于A组(P<0.05)。两组患者手术时间、术中出血量、住院时间及并发症发生率比较无差异(P>0.05)。两组术后3d血清白细胞介素-6(IL-6)、白细胞介素-8(IL-8)、白细胞介素-1β(IL-1β)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、髓过氧化物酶(MPO)水平均升高(P<0.05),但两组术后3d血清炎症损伤介质比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:伤椎置钉与不置钉短节段内固定治疗胸腰椎爆裂骨折患者,可获得相似的临床疗效,且对患者损伤程度基本一致,但伤椎置钉在恢复伤椎椎体前缘高度、Cobb'S角方面更优,临床应用价值较高。     

椎弓根螺钉置入内固定法治疗胸腰段骨折脱位的效果分析

目的:研究应用椎弓根螺钉置入内固定系统治疗胸腰段骨折脱位患者的临床效果。方法:回顾分析我院52例胸腰段骨折脱位患者临床资料,应用椎弓根螺钉置入内固定系统治疗,对比实施内固定前后及随访1年后脊柱损伤、骨折复位的恢复情况,Cobb角、前缘高度百分比、后缘高度百分比、矢状位指数、楔变指数、VAS评分。结果:各时期A级比例,无统计学意义(P0.05)。B-E级中,治疗后、随访1年与治疗前相较,差异具有显著性(P0.05),随访1年与治疗后相较,无统计学意义(P0.05)。后缘高度在治疗前后、随访1年中对比,无统计学意义(P0.05)。前缘高度、Cobb角在治疗后、随访1年中与治疗前相较,差异具有显著性(P0.05),前缘高度、Cobb角在治疗后、随访1年中对比,无统计学意义(P0.05)。治疗后、随访1年矢状位指数、楔变指数、VAS评分与治疗前相较,呈显著差异(P0.01),但随访1年与治疗后相较,无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:胸腰段骨折脱位患者应用椎弓根螺钉置入内固定系统治疗效果显著,应予推广。     

Biomechanical Comparison of Different Stabilization Constructs for Unstable Posterior Wall Fractures of Acetabulum. A Cadaveric Study

Purpose

Operative treatment of unstable posterior wall fractures of acetabulum has been widely recommended. This laboratory study was undertaken to evaluate static fixation strength of three common fixation constructs: interfragmentary screws alone, in combination with conventional reconstruction plate, or locking reconstruction plate.

Methods

Six formalin-preserved cadaveric pelvises were used for this investigation. A posterior wall fracture was created along an arc of 40–90 degree about the acetabular rim. Three groups of different fixation constructs (two interfragmentary screws alone; two interfragmentary screws and a conventional reconstruction plate; two interfragmentary screws and a locking reconstruction) were compared. Pelvises were axial loaded with six cycles of 1500 N. Dislocation of superior and inferior fracture site was analysed with a multidirectional ultrasonic measuring system. Results: No statistically significant difference was found at each of the superior and inferior fracture sites between the three types of fixation. In each group, the vector dislocation at superior fracture site was significantly larger than inferior one.

Conclusions

All those three described fixation constructs can provide sufficient stability for posterior acetabular fractures and allow early mobilization under experimental conditions. Higher posterior acetabular fracture line, transecting the weight-bearing surface, may indicate a substantial increase in instability, and need more stable pattern of fixation.     

后路椎弓根螺钉内固定结合后外侧植骨融合治疗胸腰椎骨折的临床观察

目的：观察后路椎弓根螺钉内固定结合后外侧植骨融合治疗胸腰椎骨折的临床效果及安全性。方法：回顾性分析2010年6月-2012年4月在我院脊柱骨科住院治疗的71例胸腰脊椎骨折患者,所有患者随机被分成2组,治疗组38例接受采用后路椎弓根螺钉内固定结合后外侧植骨融合治疗,对照组33例接受传统椎弓根螺钉内固定。术后对患者椎体前缘高度、脊柱Cobb’s角、腰背痛、神经功能恢复情况、内固定并发症等方面进行手术效果的评价。结果：治疗组术后及随诊患者的椎体前、后缘高度的比值与对照组相比,均有统计学差异（P〈0．05）;治疗组术后及随诊患者的Cobb’s角较对照组明显减小,差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）,治疗组手术时间与对照组相比差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）;两组患者医疗费用、神经功能改善筝级相互比较,无统计学意义咿0．05）。结论：后路复位椎弓根螺钉内固定结合后外侧植骨融合治疗胸腰椎骨折的临床疗效确切。     

胸腰椎爆裂性骨折的治疗新进展

胸腰椎爆裂骨折是常见的脊柱损伤性疾病之一,其发病率、致残率较高是由胸腰段脊柱的解剖学特点所决定。国内外有多种脊柱骨折的分类,临床中使用较多的有AO分类及Denis分类,脊柱载荷分享分类现多用于评价患者是否适合于后路手术,而不能应用于评估手术指征。目前国内外胸腰椎爆裂性骨折的治疗尚无统一定式,大多数学者倾向于积极的手术治疗,其中尤以后路手术治疗为主,后路手术多采取短节段椎弓根定内固定加植骨治疗。近些年又出现了经后路270°或360°椎管减压,重建脊柱的三柱稳定性。前路及前后路联合手术都有其各自的适应症。保守治疗多采取卧床休息、体位复位、外固定支具法及功能康复等。本文总结了近年来关于胸腰椎爆裂骨折的最新治疗进展。     

伤椎置钉联合短节段内固定与单纯短节段固定治疗胸腰椎爆裂性骨折的比较研究

目的:比较伤椎置钉联合短节段内固定与单纯短节段固定治疗胸腰椎爆裂性骨折的临床疗效、固定效果及其对患者炎症反应和脊髓损伤的影响。方法:选取2014年3月到2016年12月期间我院收治的胸腰椎爆裂性骨折患者94例,根据手术方法的不同将患者分为伤椎置钉组(40例)和短节段内固定组(44例)。短节段内固定组患者采用单纯后路短节段椎弓根螺钉内固定进行治疗,伤椎置钉组采用伤椎置钉联合后路短节段椎弓根螺钉内固定进行治疗。比较两组患者的手术时间、术中出血量、住院时间、伤椎前沿高度比、Cobb’s角、伤椎椎体楔形变角、视觉模拟评分(VAS)和Oswestry功能障碍指数(ODI),炎性因子指标、脊髓损伤指标及术后并发症。结果:伤椎置钉组的手术时间长于短节段内固定组(P<0.05),术后6个月、术后12个月伤椎置钉组的伤椎前沿高度比明显高于短节段内固定组,Cobb’s角、伤椎椎体楔形变角明显低于短节段内固定组(P<0.05),术前、术后1周、术后6个月、术后12个月两组患者的VAS评分和ODI比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),术后3 d两组患者血清中IL-1β、IL-6、IL-8、TNF-α和pNF-H、NSE、S100β、GFAP水平比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。随访期间两组患者均未出现严重并发症。结论:伤椎置钉联合后路短节段椎弓根螺钉内固定可有效改善胸腰椎爆裂性骨折患者的椎体高度、Cobb’s角和伤椎椎体楔形变角,并且不会增加脊髓损伤和机体的炎症反应。     

Proximal junctional vertebral fracture-subluxation after adult spine deformity surgery. Does vertebral augmentation avoid this complication? A case report

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: To report to the orthopedic community a case of vertebral fracture and adjacent vertebral subluxation through the upper instrumented vertebra after thoracolumbar fusion with augmentation of the cranial level. METHODS: This report reviewed the patient`s medical record, her imaging studies and related literature. The possible factors contributing to this fracture are hypothesized. RESULTS: A 70-year-old woman underwent decompressive surgery and posterolateral fusion for adult lumbar scoliosis. We used pedicular screws from T10 to S1 and iliac screw at the right side, augmented with cement at T10, T11, L1, L5 and S1; and prophylactic vertebroplasty at T9 to avoid the "topping-off syndrome". Thirty days after discharge, without recognizable inciting trauma, the patient complained of pain in the lower thoracic area. The exam revealed overall neurological deficit below the level of fracture. CT scan and MRI demonstrated a T10 vertebral collapse and T9 vertebral subluxation with morphologic features of flexion-distraction fracture through the upper edge of the screw. At this point, the authors performed posterior decompression at T9 to T10 and extended posterolateral arthrodesis from T2 to T10. To our knowledge, this is an unreported fracture. CONCLUSIONS: Augmentation of the cranial level in a long thoracolumbar fusion has been developed to avoid the junctional kyphosis and compression fractures at that level. We alert the orthopedic community that this augmentation may lead to further and more severe fractures, although this opinion requires investigation for confirmation.     

An efficient and accurate prediction of the stability of percutaneous fixation of acetabular fractures with finite element simulation

Posterior wall fracture is one of the most common fracture types of the acetabulum and a conventional approach is to perform open reduction and internal fixation with a plate and screws. Percutaneous screw fixations, on the other hand, have recently gained attention due to their benefits such as less exposure and minimization of blood loss. However their biomechanical stability, especially in terms interfragmentary movement, has not been investigated thoroughly. The aims of this study are twofold: (1) to measure the interfragmentary movements in the conventional open approach with plate fixations and the percutaneous screw fixations in the acetabular fractures and compare them; and (2) to develop and validate a fast and efficient way of predicting the interfragmentary movement in percutaneous fixation of posterior wall fractures of the acetabulum using a 3D finite element (FE) model of the pelvis. Our results indicate that in single fragment fractures of the posterior wall of the acetabulum, plate fixations give superior stability to screw fixations. However screw fixations also give reasonable stability as the average gap between fragment and the bone remained less than 1 mm when the maximum load was applied. Our finite element model predicted the stability of screw fixation with good accuracy. Moreover, when the screw positions were optimized, the stability predicted by our FE model was comparable to the stability obtained by plate fixations. Our study has shown that FE modeling can be useful in examining biomechanical stability of osteosynthesis and can potentially be used in surgical planning of osteosynthesis.     

椎旁肌间隙入路结合伤椎置钉技术治疗胸腰段骨折的近期临床疗效评估

目的:讨论椎旁肌间隙入路结合伤椎置钉技术治疗胸腰段骨折的近期临床疗效。方法:选取2013年4月至2014年9月我院确诊的胸腰段骨折患者95例,应用椎旁肌间隙入路结合伤椎置钉技术治疗。分别在手术前、术后1个月、3个月、6个月、1年,采用视觉模拟评分法(VAS)、腰背痛日本骨科协会评分(JOA)对患者手术前后腰背疼痛进行评估,另外对手术前后伤椎前后缘高度比及胸腰段后凸畸形Cobb角进行测定分析。结果:患者术后的VAS评分、JOA评分随术后1个月、3个月、6个月、1年时间不断下降,且均低于手术前,差异均具有统计学意义(P0.05);术后患者不同时间点的伤椎前后缘高度比不断下降,且胸腰段后凸畸形Cobb角较术前均明显减小,差异均具有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:采用椎旁肌间隙入路结合伤椎置钉技术治疗胸腰段骨折患者,可缓解其腰背疼痛,术后脊柱矫形效果明显,短期预后好,值得在临床上广泛应用。     

后路减压椎弓根螺钉内固定治疗胸腰椎骨折疗效分析

目的:探讨后路减压椎弓根螺钉内固定治疗胸腰椎骨折的疗效。方法:本研究选取了90例胸腰椎骨折患者,按照入院时间顺序不同分为两组,前路组(46例)采取前路减压椎弓根螺钉内固定治疗,后路组(44例)采取后路减压椎弓根螺钉内固定治疗。观察并记录两组患者围手术期参数,术前术后下腰痛功能、神经功能恢复情况及随访12个月期间并发症发生情况,评价后路减压椎弓根螺钉内固定治疗胸腰椎骨折的疗效。结果:后路组在术中失血量、手术时间、住院时间上均明显少于或短于前路组(P0.05);与术前相比,术后两组Oswestry功能障碍指数(ODI)值均明显降低(P0.05)。与术后同时间前路组相比,后路组ODI值均明显低于前路组(P0.05);与术前相比,术后12个月两组神经功能分级整体有所提高(P0.05),但两组间相比,差异没有统计学意义(P0.05);随访12个月期间,两组并发症发生率比较,差异没有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:采用后路椎弓根螺钉内固定治疗胸腰椎骨折,手术时间短,疗效显著,术中出血量少,预后较好,有利于患者腰椎功能的恢复。     

俯卧位后外侧入路联合内侧切口治疗三踝骨折35 例的临床疗效评价

目的:探讨在俯卧体位下采用后外侧入路联合内侧切口治疗三踝骨折方法的临床疗效及安全性。方法:选择2014年1月~2015年1月在我院治疗并由同一治疗组医生采用俯卧体位下治疗的三踝骨折患者35例,治疗外踝骨折时将钢板置于腓骨后侧或外侧,使用钢板或螺钉对后踝骨折进行固定,2枚拉力螺钉固定内踝。观察术后切口及骨折愈合、踝关节功能恢复情况。术后定期随访,采用AOFAS踝-后足评分标准对踝关节功能进行评价。结果:手术时长50~142 min,平均90 min,1例患者内侧切口出现局部红肿,抬高患肢及定期换药后局部红肿好转,未出现明显切口感染征象。2例病人术后出现足背部麻木,分别在术后6周、9周时消失。随访时间6~18月,平均随访15个月。术后3月X线显示所有病人骨折线模糊,骨痂生长良好,按美国足踝外科协会踝-后足评分系统评分:优28例,良5例,可2例,优良率94.29%。结论:在俯卧体位下采用后外侧切口治疗三踝骨折可一次性复位、固定后踝和外踝骨折,联合内侧切口可在一个体位下完成三踝骨折的手术,缩短手术时间,对软组织破坏少,骨折可获得解剖复位,术后踝关节功能恢复佳,可降低因反复翻身而污染术野的概率。     

TRIMALLEOLAR FRACTURES—A Convenient Medial Approach for Surgical Reduction

In dealing surgically with trimalleolar fracture of the ankle joint in which the comminution is not severe, the medial approach is convenient and practicable. In the process of reducing the fracture the alignment can be directly observed. The fixation of the posterior fragment is done from the front rather than from the back of the tibia, Removal of the screws used for fixation is made considerably easier.     

经后路伤椎椎弓根钉固定治疗胸腰椎爆裂骨折的疗效观察

目的:探讨经后路伤椎椎弓根钉固定治疗胸腰椎爆裂骨折的临床疗效及安全性。方法:择取2014年1月至2016年12月我院收治的64例胸腰椎爆裂骨折患者,将其均分为研究组(n=32)与对照组(n=32)。研究组采用经后路伤椎椎弓根钉固定治疗,对照组采用经后路非伤椎置钉短节段椎弓根钉固定治疗,治疗后随访6个月。比较两组临床指标、并发症发生情况以及术前、术后1个月、6个月伤椎前缘高度比、Cobb角、疼痛数字评分量表(NRS)评分。结果:两组患者手术切口均实现I期愈合,术后无感染。与对照组相比,研究组手术时间较长(P0.05),术中出血量、住院时间比较无统计学差异(P0.05)。两组术前伤椎前缘高度比、Cobb角、NRS评分比较无统计学意义(P0.05);术后1个月、术后6个月两组伤椎前缘高度比较术前显著升高,Cobb角、NRS评分较术前显著降低,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。术后6个月研究组Cobb角、NRS评分低于对照组(P0.05),两组伤椎前缘高度比比较无统计学意义(P0.05)。与对照组相比,研究组术后腰背痛、内固定失败发生率均较低(P0.05)。结论:对于胸腰椎爆裂骨折患者,经后路伤椎椎弓根钉固定可以有效改善临床指标,有利于术后身体恢复,减轻疼痛,安全性较高,值得临床推广。     

Spinal pedicle finder for transpedicular screw fixation--design and early clinical result

Spinal transpedicular fixation has gained widespread popularity in the past 5 years. In biomechanical studies, the deeply-inserted transpedicular screws withstood the largest number of cycles in the cephalad-caudad and medial-lateral direction before failure. However, in clinical practice, the risk of screw placement which is too far medially or too far laterally do exist. The optimization of increasing screw depth to avoid complication is of significant clinical importance. A Spinal Pedicle Finder (S.P.F) has been designed for transpedicular screws and a prototype has been completed. It is composed of an I-shaped body with a pair of front rails and a pair of rear rails. The front rail comprises two positioning arms that fit against the laminal bony crest, and the rear rail comprises two guiding bases that provide the transpedicular pin inserted with a specific angle. Both positioning arms and both guiding bases can be adjusted synchronously, and the specific angle over the guiding bases can be pre-set preoperatively according to the angle of pedicle axis. To date, in 7 cases (5 fracture and 2 spondylolisthesis) transpedicular screw fixation has been applied by aid of the S.P.F. Two-level fixation was applied in a fracture group and three-level fixation was applied in a spondylolisthesis group. The position of the transpedicular screw has been checked by CT scan postoperatively. A total of 32 transpedicular screws were inserted and all were in the pedicle and vertebral body except in one instances. One transpedicular screw was malpositioned on one side, partially lateral to the pedicle. However, this malposition did not cause any neurologic problem, such as dural tear, nerve root injury or other. Clinical experience has demonstrated its efficacy and safety.     

对侧皮质锁定螺钉与锁定螺钉治疗股骨远端骨折疗效比较

目的:比较对侧皮质锁定螺钉与锁定螺钉治疗股骨远端骨折的临床疗效。方法:回顾性分析自2013年5月至2016年8月诊治的52例股骨远端骨折患者,采用对侧皮质锁定螺钉+NCB接骨板内固定治疗26例(A组:对侧皮质锁定组),采用锁定螺钉+NCB接骨板内固定治疗26例(B组:锁定螺钉组)。记录两组手术出血量和手术时间、切口长度、内固定治疗后骨折愈合时间、内固定治疗后完全负重时间、内固定治疗后并发症发生率等,在每个随访节点对每位患者进行患肢的正侧位X线平片检查,末次随访时对患肢进行膝关节功能评分,采用美国特种外科医院膝关节评分标准评定患肢功能。骨折愈合的定义为活动时骨折处无痛且在骨折正侧位X线平片上可见到断端骨皮质骨痂连接。术后并发症包括:关节僵硬、内固定断裂、骨不连以及感染等。结果:本研究52例骨折均获得至少12个月的随访。两组在手术相关指标及切口愈合等方面均无明显差异(P均0.05)。在骨折愈合以及完全负重时间方面,A组均显著短于B组(P均0.05)。末次随访时52例患者患肢膝关节功能:A组:优18例,良5例,差4例,优良率88.5%;B组:优15例,良6例,中4例,差1例,优良率80.8%。两组对比A组优良率显著高于B组(P0.05)。两组并发症对比无明显差异:A组发生骨不连2例,骨折内固定断裂2例。B组发生骨不连3例,畸形愈合2例。结论:与传统锁定螺钉相比,对侧皮质锁定螺钉在骨折愈合时间、完全负重时间、术后患肢功能优良率方面具有优势,但在并发症发生率方面没有明显差异。对侧皮质锁定螺钉的治疗指征及自身强度还有待大样本、多中心的临床研究进一步明确。     

经椎弓根椎体内植骨联合短节段内固定治疗老年骨质疏松性脊柱骨折的临床疗效

目的:探讨使用椎弓根椎体内植骨联合短节段内固定法治疗老年骨质疏松性脊柱骨折的临床疗效。方法:将2013年2月至2013年10月入院的59例老年胸腰段脊柱骨折患者按照治疗方法分为两组:观察组27例,进行经椎弓根椎体内植骨联合短节段弓根钉棒系统内固定治疗;对照组32例,单纯进行短节段弓根钉棒系统内固定治疗。研究过程中对患者的术中失血量、手术所用时间、VAS、手术前后椎体高度、骨折愈合时间及住院时间等治疗进行记录,并对两组数据进行统计学分析。结果:观察组术后及末次随访椎体高度丢失明显低于对照组(4.31±2.867.13±4.41,4.72±3.9811.57±4.72,P0.05),术前Cobb角两组患者无差异,而术后及末次随访Cobb角观察组明显低于对照组(3.96±3.477.25±5.29,5.17±4.3311.21±6.29,P0.01),差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。术后疼痛程度评分显示,对照组高于观察组(5.68±2.371.86±1.41,P0.05),有显著性差异。观察组术后内固定物失效率也明显低于对照组(P0.05)。结论:临床调查结果显示,使用椎弓根椎体内植骨联合短节段内固定治疗老年骨质疏松性脊柱骨折可降低术后痛感,提高固定即时稳定性,值得临床推广使用。     

不同后路术式治疗胸腰椎爆裂骨折的临床效果比较

目的：探讨不同后路术式治疗胸腰椎爆裂骨折的临床效果。方法：将我院骨科收治的96例胸腰椎爆裂骨折患者随机分为两组,分别使用经伤椎椎弓根六钉固定法（六钉组,65例）和跨伤椎短节段四钉固定法（四钉组,31例）进行复位固定,测量并比较术后6个月两组矢状面Cobb角、冠状面Cobb角和伤椎椎体前缘压缩比及术后并发症情况的差异。结果：两组患者术前矢状面和冠状面Cobb角、伤椎椎体前缘压缩比的差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。术后6个月,六钉组矢状面Cobb角、伤椎椎体前缘压缩比、术后并发症发生率均显著低于四钉组（P〈0．05）,两组冠状面Cobb角均为0°。四钉组术后并发痘的发生率为22．6％,而六钉组术后并发症的发生率为4．6％,显著低于四钉组（P〈0．05）。结论：经伤椎椎弓根六钉固定法治疗胸腰椎爆裂骨折疗效优于跨伤椎短节段四钉固定法．且不良反应较少．具有较高的临床应用价值。     

经皮与开放手术椎体椎弓根固定术治疗多椎体压缩性骨折的临床疗效比较

目的:研究和比较经皮椎体椎弓根固定术与开放手术治疗多椎体压缩性骨折的临床疗效及安全指标。方法:回顾性分析我科自2013.06至2015.06诊断为多椎体压缩性骨折并行内固定外科手术治疗的共计56例患者。根据手术方法的不同,分为实验组(经皮椎弓根固定组,32例)和对照组(开放手术固定组,24例)。对患者在术前即术后的各项临床指标进行随访和统计,对其VAS疼痛指标、JOA功能评分及患椎的前缘高度比进行比较。并比较两组患者的切口愈合,内固定松动等并发症。并比较两组患者的手术时间,出血量、下地时间等围手术期指标。结果:本次研究结果显示:经皮和开放椎体椎弓根固定术治疗的患者在术后及6月,12月的VAS及JOA评分中均获得了良好的改善,且两组之间并无统计学差异。在椎体前缘高度比值的比较中,术后开放组优于经皮固定组,但两者之间并无统计学差异。在并发症的比较中,经皮固定组显著优于开放手术组。在围手术期指标的比较中,经皮手术组在手术时间,出血量,下地时间等指标中都显著优于开放手术组。结论:对于多椎体压缩性骨折,经皮椎体椎弓根固定术能够达到与开放手术相似的临床治疗效果,但能够有效的减少并发症,并在手术时间,出血量,下地时间等指标中充分体现微创手术的优势。在多椎体骨折的治疗中可以进一步的进行推广。