共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
Patocchi A Bigler B Koller B Kellerhals M Gessler C 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》2004,109(5):1087-1092
Reports from several European countries of the breakdown of the Vf resistance, the most frequently used source of resistance in breeding programs against apple scab, emphasize the urgency of diversifying the basis of apple scab resistance and pyramiding different apple scab resistances with the use of their associated molecular markers. GMAL 2473 is an apple scab resistant selection thought to carry the resistance gene Vr. We report the identification by BSA of three AFLP markers and one RAPD marker associated with the GMAL 2473 resistance gene. SSRs associated with the resistance gene were found by (1) identifying the linkage group carrying the apple scab resistance and (2) testing the SSRs previously mapped in the same region. One such SSR, CH02c02a, mapped on linkage group 2, co-segregates with the resistance gene. GMAL 2473 was tested with molecular markers associated with other apple scab resistance genes, and accessions carrying known apple scab resistance genes were tested with the SSR linked to the resistance gene found in GMAL 2473. The results indicate that GMAL 2473 does not carry Vr, and that a new apple scab resistance gene, named Vr
2, has been identified. 相似文献
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3.
Jian-Chun Guo Rui-Jun Duan Xin-Wen Hu Kai-Mian Li Shao-Ping Fu 《Transgenic research》2010,19(2):197-209
4.
Raham Sher Khan Syed Sartaj Alam Iqbal Munir Pejman Azadi Ikuo Nakamura Masahiro Mii 《Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture》2011,106(1):11-20
The presence of marker genes conferring antibiotic or herbicide resistance in transgenic plants has been a controversial issue
and a serious problem for their public acceptance and commercialization. The MAT (multi-auto-transformation) vector system
has been one of the strategies developed to excise the selection marker gene and produce marker-free transgenic plants. In
an attempt to produce transgenic marker-free Petunia hybrida plants resistant to Botrytis cinerea (gray mold), we used the ipt gene as a selectable marker gene and the wasabi defensin (WD) gene, isolated from Wasabia japonica (a Japanese horseradish which has been a potential source of antimicrobial proteins), as a gene of interest. The WD gene was cloned from the binary vector, pEKH-WD, to an ipt-type MAT vector, pMAT21, by gateway cloning technology and transferred to Agrobacterium
tumefaciens strain EHA105. Infected leaf explants of P.
hybrida were cultured on hormone- and antibiotic-free MS medium. Extreme shooty phenotype (ESP)/ipt shoots were produced by the explants infected with the pMAT21-WD. The same antibiotic- and hormone-free MS medium was used in subcultures of the ipt shoots. Ipt shoots subsequently produced morphologically normal shoots. Molecular analyses of genomic DNA from the transgenic plants
confirmed the integration of the gene of interest and excision of the selection marker. Expression of the WD gene was confirmed by northern blot and western blot analyses. A disease resistance assay of the marker-free transgenic plants
exhibited enhanced resistance against B. cinerea strain 40 isolated from P. hybrida. 相似文献
5.
Since past three decades new discoveries in plant genetic engineering have shown remarkable potentials for crop improvement.
Agrobacterium Ti plasmid based DNA transfer is no longer the only efficient way of introducing agronomically important genes into plants.
Recent studies have explored a novel plant genetic engineering tool, Rhizobia sp., as an alternative to Agrobacterium, thereby expanding the choice of bacterial species in agricultural plant biotechnology. Rhizobia sp. serve as an open license source with no major restrictions in plant biotechnology and help broaden the spectrum for plant
biotechnologists with respect to the use of gene transfer vehicles in plants. New efficient transgenic plants can be produced
by transferring genes of interest using binary vector carrying Rhizobia sp. Studies focusing on the interactions of Rhizobia sp. with their hosts, for stable and transient transformation and expression of genes, could help in the development of an
adequate gene transfer vehicle. Along with being biologically beneficial, it may also bring a new means for fast economic
development of transgenic plants, thus giving rise to a new era in plant biotechnology, viz. “Rhizobia mediated transformation technology.” 相似文献
6.
Alka Singh Niraj K. Nirala Sandip Das Alka Narula M. V. Rajam P. S. Srivastava 《Acta Physiologiae Plantarum》2011,33(6):2453-2459
Scopolamine is widely used for its anticholinergic properties. Because of higher physiological activity and less side effects
the world demand of scopolamine is estimated to be ten times greater than other anticholinergic agents, hyoscyamine and atropine.
Since natural production is limited, alternatives are required to boost the production. We report the introduction of mouse
odc gene of polyamine biosynthesis pathway which is also the primary pathway of tropane alkaloids in Datura innoxia. Polyamines, mainly putrescine, serve as the common metabolite for tropane alkaloids and nicotine. We have overexpressed
odc gene to modulate the metabolic flux downstream and eventually achieved higher accumulation of scopolamine in transgenic plants.
Among six independent transformed lines one line (O10) produced scopolamine (0.258 μg/g dry weight) almost six times higher
than that produced by control plants (0.042 μg/g DW). To our knowledge, this is the first report of odc overexpression in D. innoxia leading to higher scopolamine yield. 相似文献
7.
Hua Zhang Rui Xia Zhou Li Jing Zhang Ruo Yu Wang Li Zhe An 《Journal of Plant Biology》2007,50(3):336-343
A novel late embryogenesis abundant (LEA) gene (AY804193), namedCbLEA, has now been isolated fromChorispora bungeana. This rare alpine subnival plant can survive sudden snowstorms and low temperatures. The full-lengthCbLEA is 842 bp, with an open reading frame encoding 169 ami no acids. The putative molecular weight ofCbLEA protein is 17.9 kDa, with an estimatedpl of 6.45. To investigate the functioning of thisCbLEA protein in cold-stress tolerance,CbLEA was introduced into tobacco under the control of the CaMV35S promoter. Second-generation (R1) transgenic tobacco plants exhibited significantly increased tolerance to cold. These transgenics maintained lower malondialdehyde
(MDA) contents and electrolyte leakage (EL) but their relative water content (RWC) was significantly higher compared with
non-transgenic plants under chilling stress. Further experimental results showed that non-transgenic plants had severe freezing
damage after exposure to -2°C for 1 h, whereas the transgenics suffered only slight injury under the same conditions. Moreover,
survival was longer in the latter genotype at that temperature. The extent of increased cold tolerance was positive correlated
with the level ofCbLEA protein accumulation, and was also reflected by the delayed development of damage symptoms. This indicates thatCbLEA is an excellent stress tolerance gene, and holds considerable potential as a new molecular tool for engineering improved
plant genetics. 相似文献
8.
Mature seed-derived embryogenic calli of indica rice (Oryza sativa L. cv. PAU201) were induced on semisolid Murashige and Skoog medium supplemented with 2.5 mg dm−3 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid + 0.5 mg dm−3 kinetin + 560 mg dm−3 proline + 30 g dm−3 sucrose + 8 g dm−3 agar. Using OsglyII gene, out of 3180 calli bombarded, 32 plants were regenerated on medium containing hygromycin (30 mg dm−3). Histochemical GUS assay of the hygromycin selected calli revealed GUS expression in 50 % calli. Among the regenerants,
46.87 % were GUS positive. PCR analysis confirmed the presence of the transgene of 1 kb in 60 % of independent plants. Further,
these plants have been grown to maturity in glasshouse. In vitro screening for salt tolerance showed increase in fresh mass of OsglyII putative transgenic calli (185.4 mg) as compared to control calli (84.2 mg) on 90 mM NaCl after 15 d. When exposed to 150
mM NaCl, OsglyII putative transgenic plantlets showed normal growth while the non-transgenic control plantlets turned yellow and finally did
not survive. 相似文献
9.
Xu Ming Yin Pedro S. C. F. Rocha Man Ling Wang Yu Xin Zhu Luo Ye Li Shu Feng Song Xinjie Xia 《Journal of Plant Biology》2011,54(3):180-189
Rice gene Oryza sativa Drought Stress Response-1 (OsDSR-1) was one of the genes identified to be responsive to drought stress in the panicle of rice at booting and heading stages
by both microarray and quantitative real-time PCR analyses. OsDSR-1 encodes a putative calcium-binding protein, and its overexpression in Arabidopsis rendered transgenic plants to produce much shorter lateral roots (LRs) than wild-type (WT) plants in the medium supplemented
with abscisic acid (ABA), suggesting that OsDSR-1 may act as a positive regulator during the process of ABA inhibition of LR development. No significant difference was observed
in the total LR length between WT and transgenic plants in the media with the increase of only osmotic stress caused by NaCl,
LiCl, and mannitol, while transgenic Arabidopsis seedlings appeared to produce larger root systems with longer total LR lengths under high-potassium conditions than WT seedlings.
Further analysis showed that external Ca2+ was required for the production of larger root systems, indicating that the promotion by OsDSR-1 of the LR development of transgenic Arabidopsis seemed to occur in a Ca2+-dependent manner under high-potassium conditions. We propose that OsDSR-1 may function as a calcium sensor of the signal transduction pathway controlling the LR development under high-potassium conditions. 相似文献
10.
Bo Zhu Ai-Sheng Xiong Ri-He Peng Jing Xu Xiao-Fen Jin Xiu-Rong Meng Quan-Hong Yao 《Molecular biology reports》2010,37(2):961-966
Thermal hysteresis proteins (Thps) known as antifreeze proteins for their antifreeze activity, depress the freezing point
of water below the melting point in many polar marine fishes, terrestrial arthropods and plants. For the purpose of breeding
cold-resistant plants, we designed to introduce the Thp gene into the plants. The physiological and biochemical effect of
high-lever expression of the modified Choristoneura fumiferana
Thp (ThpI) in Arabidopsis thaliana plants was analyzed. Under low temperature stress, the ThpI transgenic plants exhibited stronger growth than wild-type plants. The elevated cold tolerance of the ThpI over-expressing plants was confirmed by the changes of electrolyte leakage activity, malonyldialdehyde and proline contents.
These results preliminarily showed that the Thp possibly be used to enhance the low temperature-tolerant ability of plants. 相似文献
11.
Yongxia Bao Ru Zhao Feifei Li Wei Tang Liebao Han 《Plant Molecular Biology Reporter》2011,29(2):379-388
Choline monooxygenase (CMO) and betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase (BADH) catalyze the first and second steps in the biosynthesis
of glycine betaine in betaine-accumulating plants. Over-expression of the Spinacia oleracea chloroplast choline monooxygenase (SoCMO) and betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase (SoBADH) genes has not been reported in Lolium perenne. In this investigation, the SoCMO and SoBADH genes have been used to generate transgenic L. perenne plants via particle bombardment. Transgenic plants have been confirmed with PCR, Southern blot, and Northern blot analyses.
Enhanced salt stress tolerance has been observed from SoBADH–SoCMO transgenic L. perenne plants. The dwarf phenotype was first observed 3 months after transgenic plants were established in soil and was to be stably
inherited. Height of transgenic plants was decreased by 63% compared to the control. Measurement of endogenous GAs content
demonstrated that the content of endogenous GA1 was decreased by 75.2%, and the content of endogenous GA4, GA12, GA19, and
GA53 of transgenic plants was increased by 200%, 221%, 105%, and 108%, respectively, compared to the control plants. Dwarf
trait of SoBADH–SoCMO transgenic L. perenne plants can be recovered by application of exogenous GAs. These results demonstrated that simultaneous expression of the SoCMO and SoBADH genes enhanced salt stress tolerance and induced dwarfism in transgenic L. perenne. Dwarfism induced by expression of the SoCMO and SoBADH genes was associated with synthesis of endogenous GAs and it could be recovered by application of exogenous GAs. This is
the first report on dwarfism induced by expression of the SoCMO and SoBADH genes in a species in turfgrass. 相似文献
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Anber Hassanein Latifa Hamama Karine Loridon Noëlle Dorion 《Plant cell reports》2009,28(10):1521-1530
Direct genetic transformation of mesophyll protoplasts was studied in Pelargonium × hortorum. Calcein and green-fluorescent protein (GFP) gene were used to set up the process. Electroporation (three electric pulses
from a 33-μF capacitor in a 250-V cm−1 electric field) was more efficient than PEG 6000 for membrane permeation, protoplast survival and cell division. Transient
expression of GFP was detected in 33–36% of electroporated protoplasts after 2 days and further in colonies. A protoplast
suspension conductivity of >1,500 μS cm−1 allowed high colony formation and plant regeneration. Stable transformation was obtained using the plasmid FAJ3000 containing
uidA and nptII genes. When selection (50 mg l−1 kanamycin) was achieved 6 weeks after electroporation, regenerated shoots were able to grow and root on 100 mg l−1 kanamycin. The maximum transformation efficiency was 4.5%, based on the number of colonies producing kanamycin-resistant
rooted plants or 0.7% based on the number of cultured protoplasts. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis on in vitro micropropagated
plants showed that 18 clones out of 20 contained the nptII gene, while the uidA gene was absent. These results were confirmed after PCR analyses of five glasshouse-acclimatized clones. 相似文献
14.
To overexpress the chitosanase gene (csn) in F. solani, a vector based on pCAMBIA 1300 was constructed. The csn gene, which is under control of the Aspergillus nidulans
gpdA promoter and A. nidulans trpC terminator, was introduced back into the F. solani genome by Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation, and the herbicide-resistance gene bar from Streptomyces hygroscopicus was used as the selection marker. Transformants which showed a significant increase in chitosanase production (~2.1-fold
than control) were obtained. Southern blot analysis indicated that most transformants had a single-copy T-DNA integration. 相似文献
15.
Lisianthus [Eustoma grandiflorum (Raf.) Shinn] is a popular cut flower crop throughout the world, and the demand for this plant for cut flowers and potted
plants has been increasing worldwide. Recent advances in genetic engineering have enabled the transformation and regeneration
of plants to become a powerful tool for improvement of lisianthus. We have established a highly efficient plant regeneration
system and Agrobacterium-mediated genetic transformation of E. grandiflorum. The greatest shoot regeneration frequency and number of shoot buds per explant are observed on media supplemented with 6-Benzylaminopurine
(BAP) and α-Naphthalene acetic acid (NAA). We report an efficient plant regeneration system using leaf explants via organogenesis
with high efficiency of transgenic plants (15%) in culture of 11 weeks’ duration. Further ectopic expression of two MADS box
genes, LMADS1-M from lily (Lilium longiflorum) and OMADS1 from orchid (Oncidium Gower Ramsey), was performed in E. grandiflorum. Conversion of second whorl petals into sepal-like structures and alteration of third whorl stamen formation were observed
in the transgenic E. grandiflorum plants ectopically expressing 35S::LMADS1-M. 35S::OMADS1 transgenic E. grandiflorum plants flowered significantly earlier than non-transgenic plants. This is the first report on the ectopic expression of two
MADS box genes in E. grandiflorum using a simple and highly efficient gene transfer protocol. Our results reveal the potential for floral modification in E. grandiflorum through genetic transformation. 相似文献
16.
Chikako Honda Shinnosuke Kusaba Takaaki Nishijima Takaya Moriguchi 《Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture》2011,107(1):45-53
To manipulate the architecture of woody plants by controlling endogenous cytokinin levels, the isopentenyl transferase gene (ipt) from Agrobacterim
tumefaciens was introduced to kiwifruit using stable transformation. Consequently, eight transgenic lines were obtained. Transgenic shoots
harboring the ipt gene were recalcitrant to rooting under tissue-culture conditions; thus, their in vitro-cultivated shoots were directly grafted
onto potted wild-type kiwifruit seedlings to evaluate their morphological features, and three lines (tmr2-4, tmr2-G, tmr3-C)
were successfully grafted. The grafted transgenic plants had dwarfing and branching phenotypes, both of which are typical
features of cytokinin overproduction. In addition, the number of buds increased and internode length was shorter in the grafted
transgenic plants. The content of a precursor, trans-zeatin riboside, and an active cytokinin, trans-zeatin, increased in one transgenic line, in which the level of ipt gene expression was high, indicating that morphological changes were related to expression levels of the ipt gene and cytokinin content. Possibilities for potential utilization of the ipt gene in manipulating tree shape are discussed. 相似文献
17.
Wei Chen Kai Song Yirong Cai Wangfeng Li Bao Liu Lixia Liu 《Plant Molecular Biology Reporter》2011,29(4):866-874
A hairpin RNA-encoding construct targeting gmFAD2-1 was transformed into soybean, and an optimised Agrobacterium-mediated embryonic tip system was employed. A novel intergeneric grafting method using transgenic plantlets as scions was
used instead of the conventional rooting method. Compared with traditional acclimatisation, the survival ratio of cleft grafts
increased by 70%, and the culture period was shortened by about 40 days. The regeneration frequency of the grafted shoots
in this embryonic tip system was approximately 74.6%. Soybean transformants were confirmed by Southern and Northern blot hybridisation
analyses. The fatty acid composition of the T1 and T2 seeds from the transformed plants was determined by gas chromatography. The resulting downregulation of the gmFAD2-1 gene substantially increased the level of oleic acid from 16% to 55% as indicated by the oleic desaturation proportion (ODP).
The ratio of plants with high ODP, moderate ODP and low ODP was about 1:2:1, which was consistent with a single-gene segregation
pattern. 相似文献
18.
Guangying Ma Guogui Ning Wei Zhang Jing Zhan Haiyan Lv Manzhu Bao 《Plant Molecular Biology Reporter》2011,29(3):573-581
FBP21 is one of the SOC1-like genes isolated from Petunia hybrida. Based on sequence analysis, FPB21 is suggested to have a role in promoting flowering. In this study, FBP21 was expressed in a tobacco host plant under the control of the CaMV 35S promoter. Our results showed that the transgene accelerated flowering, i.e. the transgenic plants flowered just 3 months
after germination, in comparison to the wild-type tobacco which flowered after 5 months. Plant morphology was also affected,
with the transgenic tobacco plants developing at least five robust lateral branches, while the control plants generally had
just three. Total leaf area was significantly reduced in the transgenic tobacco compared to wild-type tobacco. By contrast,
there was no significant difference between transgenic and control plants for the total number of flowers or fruits. Thus,
the flower or fruit yield expressed per unit leaf area was higher in transgenic tobacco than in wild-type plants. Semi-quantitative
RT-PCR analysis indicated that overexpression of FBP21 in tobacco resulted in the up-regulation of some flowering-related genes. The results of this study in tobacco indicate that
the Petunia FBP21 gene may permit the engineering of early-flowering and short-growth habits without compromising flower or fruit yields. 相似文献
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