怀地黄茎尖培养的研究

怀地黄(Rehmannia glutinosa)是常用中药材,属玄参科。在生产上一般采用营养繁殖,存在着严重的品种退化。田波朱本明等曾分别报道在怀地黄中分离到地黄退化病毒和地黄黄斑病毒。病毒感染可能是造成地黄退化的重要原因。茎尖培养是     

甘薯茎尖培养的研究

本地区甘薯有皱缩花叶、内卷叶、黄斑和紫环斑等多种病毒病症。为了排除这些病毒病害,我们开展了甘薯茎尖脱毒培养的应用研究。用本省甘薯品种资源和生产上应用的部分品种为试材,取0.5mm 左右茎尖,以 MS 为基础培养基,在25—28℃,每天光照14小时条件下,比较研究了蔗糖、NAA 等成份的不同浓度对茎尖培养效果的影响,从中筛选出了一个较     

山桃茎尖培养

植物名称:山桃(Prunus davidiana) 材料类别:1—2年生山桃苗的茎尖及带有腋芽的茎段。培养条件;增殖的基本培养基为MS,G附加(单位:mg/1下同)0.0—2.0BA与 0.0—1.0 IBA,蔗糖3％。生根以1/2 MS为基本培养基,附加NAA或IBA 0.1—1.0,蔗糖 2％。培养基内均加 0.6％琼脂,pH 5.6—5.8,培养温度25±2℃,光强1500—2000lux,16:8小时光暗周期。生长与分化情况:增殖以G培养基最为有效,     

石梓茎尖培养

植物名称:石梓(Gmelina arborea)材材类别:侧枝顶芽。切取5毫米左右的茎尖接种。培养条件:基本培养基均为MS。(一)不定芽分化培养基,每升添加1.0毫克BA;(二)幼苗培养基,每升添加0.8毫克BA和0.5～1.0毫克IAA;(三) 生根培养基,每升添加0.5毫克IBA,或先经125ppm浓度的IBA溶液处理,再培养在无激素的液体MS培养基上。培养温度在24℃以上,室内自然散射光。生长和分化情况:(一)在MS+BA 1.0毫克/升培养基上,培养十天以后,逐渐形成3～4个或更多个不定芽,间或有少量幼苗形成,二十天以后如不转移到MS+BA     

枸杞茎尖培养

植物名称:宁夏枸杞(Lycium barbarum) 材料类别:多年生植株上当年萌生出的嫩枝茎尖。培养条件:基本培养基为MS。长芽培养基中的激素成分为(毫克/升):①IAA0.5,KT1,②IAA0.5,BA1。蔗糖浓度为3％。生根培养基成分为1/2MS(大量元素减半),附加Zt0.2,NAA0.4,蔗糖浓度2％。培养温度25～30℃,自然光照。     

洋梨茎尖培养

植物名称:洋梨(Pyrus communis var.sativa)。材料类别:早春取洋梨一年生休眠枝条,在23±2℃的条件下水培5—7天后,剪段经过表面消毒,剥离茎尖进行培养。培养条件:促进生长点伸长培养基为MS(大量元素减半)+6-BA0.1mg/L(下同)+NAA0.2。增     

草莓茎尖培养

1.植物名称草莓(Fragaria ananassa) 品种为:姆托(Mada myto),红色网特利德(Red gauntled),戈雷拉(Gorella)。     

怀地黄块根、茎的组织培养及植株再生

植物名称:怀地黄(Rehmannia glutinosa.f.hueichingensis(Chao et Schih Hsiao),品种为“北京1号”。材料类别:新鲜块根及嫩茎。培养条件:基本培养基为MS。诱导愈伤组织的培养基为MS,附加KT0.5mg/l(单位下同),2.4-D1-2;诱导芽分化的培养基为MS,附加BA3,     

龙眼的茎尖培养

以网室内6年生的龙眼实生苗、嫁接苗的顶芽和侧芽为外植体,采用两步法,排除了污染与褐变．第一步建立了无菌培养物,经30d培养诱导出腋芽．第二步是从腋芽上取2mm长茎尖进行培养,试验采用对茎尖死亡率、萌芽率、展叶数和培养净重四个衡量指标因素进行综合评判．筛选出茎尖培养效果最好的是以MS附加0．3mgL~-16－BA．0．1mgL~－1IAA和3％蔗糖的培养基;茎尖增殖最适宜的激素及其浓度是0．1－0．2mgL~－16－BA,0．1－0．5mgL~－1KT及0－0．3mgL~－1IAA,其增殖倍数达3．05倍．在生根培养中,IBA优于NAA,液体优于固体,生根效果最好的培养基是用0．01mgL~－16－BA＋1．0mgL~－1 IBA,生根率达34．1％．     

Meristem culture of Acacia mearnsii

The Black Wattle (Acacia mearnsii) is aneconomically important forest tree hence the need forefficient methods of amplification and clonalpropagation of superior trees. To overcome maturationeffects and the number of diseases infecting thewattle, rejuvenated tissue such as apical meristems,can be used. Meristems were taken from 30-day-old in vitro grown plants, from coppice (rejuvenatedtissue) and adult material from trees of fivedifferent ages over two seasons. Meristems from the coppice and adult material was successfullydecontaminated. Shoot production was obtained bymeristems from in vitro grown plants, coppiceand adult material, irrespective of plant age, onsolidified Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium alone orsupplemented with 2.0 mg l^–1 benzyladenine,half-strength MS and Woody Plant Medium (WPM), underlight or dark culture conditions. The age of theparent tree, from which plant material (adult orcoppice plant material) was obtained, did not have asignificant effect on the degree of shoot production.Apparently the use of coppice material was notnecessary as shoot production from the meristems takenfrom the adult material was equal, if not greater,than that obtained by meristems from the coppicematerial. Adult trees, of different ages, weresuccessfully rejuvenated through the use of meristemculture.(request for offprint)     

Meristem culture and virus eradication in Alstroemeria

Stem apical meristems, rhizome apical meristems and rhizome axillary meristems excised from Alstroemeria plants were grown in vitro on modified Murashige and Skoog (MS) media containing different concentrations of gibberellic acid and 6-benzylaminopurine (BA). Plantlets developed from stem apical meristems never regenerated a rhizome and eventually died. The highest regeneration rate (74.1%) of plantlets with a rhizome was observed when rhizome axillary meristems were grown on modified MS medium containing M 8.9 of BA. Alstroemeria mosaic potyvirus (AlMV) could be eradicated from infected Alstroemeria plants through meristem culture. The rate of virus eradication was 73.7 and 14.7% for plantlets developing from explants measuring 0.7 mm and 2.0 mm, respectively. Greenhouse evaluation of virus-negative and AlMV-infected Alstroemeria plants showed that healthy plants produced more floral stems, more vegetative stems, longer floral stems and gave a higher fresh weight than infected plants.     

地黄组织培养及植株再生的研究

以地黄根茎所获无菌苗为材料,对其愈伤组织诱导、分化和再生植株的获取进行了初步研究。结果表明：取叶片、茎段、叶柄进行愈伤组织诱导,筛选出最适培养基为MS附加2,4-D0．5mg／L、BA1．0mg／L,愈伤组织诱导率可达100％。将叶片接种在分化培养基中,诱导不定芽,其最适分化培养基为MS附加BA 3mg／L、NAA 0．1mg／L,分化率为77．5％。试管苗在改良的MS(大量与微量元素、铁盐和有机物质各1／2)附加NAA 0．05mg／L的培养基上,经过15～20d培养,生根率可达100％。     

Meristem culture of Ophiopogon japonicus and production of embryo-like structures

Meristems of Ophiopogon japonicus (Liliaceae) were grown on a modified MS medium without auxins or cytokinins and plantlets and embryogenic callus were obtained at a low frequency. When meristems growing on modified basal medium were briefly soaked in 0.54 mM naphtaleneacetic acid (NAA) or temporarily grown on medium that contained NAA or NAA and benzyladenine, a larger proportion of meristems developed into plantlets or produced callus and additional plantlets following their return to basal medium. Calluses grown in liquid culture without auxins or cytokinins produced abundant single cells and cell aggregates. Larger cell aggregates formed embryo-like structures that produced roots, cotyledons, and then plantlets following transfer to soilid medium. Prolonged liquid culture produced embryo-like structures directly in liquid medium. These structures met many of the criteria for somatic embryos and developed into normal plantlets when placed on solid medium.     

铜绿紫球藻(Porphyridium aerugineum)755培养的研究

紫球藻是一种具有潜在应用价值的经济微藻,它的生长速率受各种环境因子的影响.本文研究了不同光强、光周期、盐度、NaHCO3浓度、葡萄糖浓度、培养方式等因子对铜绿紫球藻(Porphyridium aerugineum)755生长的影响,并确定其最佳的培养条件.此外还分析了该藻的吸收光谱,为其培养提供参考数据.     

Studies on the growth of riverainCladophora in culture

Summary Techniques were developed for studying the effects of environmental factors on the growth in culture ofCladophora glomerata from flowing waters.Cladophora still attached to rocks was transferred from the river to a laboratory stream and incubated there for 4 days under standard conditions. Small pieces of this material were cut off, cleaned, and used as inocula for shake culture experiments. These experiments were mostly designed to test the effect of various agents which have been widely quoted, in literature based on field observations, as limiting the growth ofCladophora. The alga is particularly sensitive to copper and zinc among the metals tested, and to DOBS-055, a soft detergent, among the detergents tested. The experimental results support the hypothesis that the alga may occasionally be limited by high natural iron concentrations, but not that it is so sensitive to high temperature that this factor alone would often limit its growth in British rivers.     

Effect of the Meristem on Sporification of Laminaria cichorioides

Isolated disks from vegetative thalli of Laminaria cichorioides Miyabe collected in April in Amursky Bay, Sea of Japan, cultivated separately from meristematic sites, developed sporangial sori after 4–6 weeks of cultivation, i.e., 4 months earlier than in natural conditions. The development of reproductive organs in intact plants, on meristematic sites, and also on vegetative disks, cultivated together with meristematic sites, was not observed. The effect of the meristem on L. cichorioides reproduction is supposed to be conditioned by inhibitors of sporification produced by this tissue. We offer a mechanism of sporification regulation for laminarian algae in natural conditions.