中国狼蛛科娲蛛属(娲蛛亚科)分类地位的探讨

采用DNA测序方法,获得了中国狼蛛科Lycosidae4亚科6属26种mtDNA-16S rRNA基因的部分序列,比较来自北美狼蛛科豹蛛属2种豹蛛的同一基因序列,并选取漏斗蛛科1种蜘蛛作为外群,采用Bayesian方法和最大简约法(MP)构建分子系统树.两种建树方法均支持娲蛛属和豹蛛属形成一大的单系;这一结果与现行狼蛛科传统分类体系中娲蛛属的分类地位有差别.据此,作者认为:娲蛛属和豹蛛属可以归为同一个分类亚单位.狼蛛科6属间的分子系统关系为(Rirata(Hippasa(Trochsa Arctosa(Pardosa Wadicosa)))).     

中国南方隅蛛属和漏斗蛛属新种记述：蜘蛛目：漏斗蛛科

本文记述隅蛛属一新种和漏斗蛛属两新种:刺隅蛛,新种Tegenaria aculeata sp.nov.三角漏斗蛛,新种Agelena triangulata sp.nov.,小斑漏斗蛛,新种Agelena micropunetulata sp.nov.。     

3种园蛛幼蛛各龄形态比较

实验室恒温条件下,研究了园蛛属3种园蛛——角园蛛(Araneus cornutus),叶斑园蛛(A.sta),大腹园蛛(A.ventricosus)的各龄幼蛛。描述它们各自的形态特征;指出它们之间的形态差异。     

中国豹蛛属枯藤豹蛛种组(蜘蛛目,狼蛛科)分类研究

记述了我国3种豹蛛,根据其外雌器和触肢器结构特点,应归入枯藤豹蛛Pardosa xerampelina种组.其中新种1种为蝶形豹蛛Parodsa papilionacasp.nov;另两种为我国新纪录种:草豹蛛P.herbosa Jo et Paik,1984及淡豹蛛P.indecora L.Koch,1879.编制了该种组我国分布种的检索表.模式标本及其他检视标本均保存在中国科学院动物研究所.     

中国南方几种熊蛛（蜘蛛目：狼蛛科）

记述了采自我国南方的6种熊蛛,其中有3种新种,定名为:湄潭熊蛛Arctosa meilatnensis sp.nov..指囊熊蛛A.millensa sp.nov.和泉熊蛛A.springiosa sp.nov.;另有3种为新记录:印熊蛛A.indicus Tikader et Malhotra.1980.库定熊蛛A.khudiensis Tikader et Malhotra,1980和韩熊蛛A.kwangreungensis Paik et Tanaka.1986.前1种新记录的雄性为单性新发现。     

中国银斑蛛属二新种(蜘蛛目:球蛛科)

记述了球蛛科银斑蛛属2新种:黄桑银斑蛛Argyrodes huangsangensis sp.nov. 和菱腹银斑蛛Argyrodes rhomboides sp.nov..并对环银斑蛛Argyrodes orbitus Zhu, 1988的雌蛛进行了补充描述.     

黄褐新园蛛和茶色新园蛛幼蛛各龄期的比较

黄褐新园蛛(Neoscon,doenitzi)和茶色新园蛛(N.theisi)为我国农田常见害虫天敌。其幼蛛特征尚未见报道。鉴于在调查和统计种群数量时常易混淆。为此将两种蜘蛛通过室内饲养获得各龄期标本,进行描述。其各部位的量度统一以蜕皮后三天的幼蛛进行测量,比较如下:一龄幼蛛均在卵囊内。体淡黄色。附肢半透明状。头胸部的放射沟及颈沟均不显。眼列较为相似。但茶色新园蛛各眼显著大且黑于黄褐新园蛛。身体及附肢上具短毛。黄褐新园蛛腹部较茶色新园蛛圆。茶色新园蛛腹部背面隐约可见淡黄色的斑块。二龄幼蛛两种园蛛腹背均具淡黄色斑块,但黄褐新园…     

香港跳蛛记述(蜘蛛目:跳蛛科)

本文报道采自香港的蜘蛛目跳蛛科4新种及香港的1新记录种：铜头菱头蛛Bianoraeneiceps（Simon,1901）;香港菱头蛛,新种Bianorhongkongsp．nov．;香港伊蛛,新种Iciushongkongsp.nov．;香港兰戈纳蛛,新种Langonahongkongsp．nov．;香港盘蛛,新种Pancoriushongkongsp．nov。迄今香港已知跳蛛24种。     

中国瘤胸蛛属一新种（蜘蛛目：皿蛛科：微蛛亚科）

本文描述了采自湖北省神农架林区的微蛛亚科瘤胸蛛属Oedothorax一新种:毛丘瘤胸蛛,新种Oedothorax collinus sp.nov.这一新种雄蛛头胸部背侧隆突上生有短毛,触肢胫节多突起。雌蛛外雌器背板略隆起。模式标本保存于白求恩医科大学生物教研室。     

台湾管巢蛛和樟木管巢蛛的雄性新发现(蜘蛛目,管巢蛛科)

作者在进行中国管巢蛛属系统学研究时,发现了管巢蛛科管巢蛛属2雄性新发现:台湾管巢蛛Clubiona taiwanica Ono,1994和樟木管巢蛛Clubiona zhangmuensis Hu et Li,1987.这两种以前描述时均只有雌性,在此予以补充描述.所有标本保存在河北大学生命科学学院.文中测量单位为mm.     

A new species and new records of the leafhopper genus Taperus Li & Wang, 1994 (Hemiptera,Cicadellidae, Evacanthinae) from China

The paper deals with the species of the Oriental leafhopper genus Taperus Li & Wang. A new species, Taperus daozhenensissp. n., from Guizhou Province, China is described and new records for other Chinese species are given together with a key for their separation. The type specimens of the new species are deposited in the Institute of Entomology, Guizhou University (GUGC).     

Hemiodus iratapuru,a new species of Hemiodontidae from the Rio Jari,Amazon Basin,Brazil (Teleostei,Characiformes)

Hemiodus iratapuru, a new species of the Hemiodontidae from the Rio Iratapuru, a left bank tributary of the Rio Jari, Amazon Basin, Brazil, is described. The new species is diagnosed from other species of Hemiodus by modifications in the ectopterygoid, tooth form, scale counts, dorsal‐fin form and colour pattern. The new species is proposed to be related to the Hemiodus quadrimaculatus species group.     

Lobatiriccardia yunnanensis,sp. nov. (Metzgeriales,Aneuraceae) from Yunnan,China

Abstract

The genus Lobatiriccardia Furuki is reported as new to China, from the Dulong River valley, Gaoligong Shan range, Yunnan Province and this material is described as a new species endemic to China, Lobatiriccardia yunnanensis Furuki & D.G. Long, the fifth known species in the genus. The differences between the new species and the other members of the genus are enumerated, along with a key to all known species of Lobatiriccardia.     

Oligochaetes (Naididae,Tubificidae, Enchytraeidae and Alluroididae) of Guyana,Peru and Ecuador

More than 41 species in 23 genera of the microdrile oligochaete families Tubificidae, Naididae, Opistocystidae, and Enchytraeidae and the freshwater megadrile family Alluroididae have been identified in recent collections made in Peru, Guyana and Ecuador. Just less than 70% of our species records are new for one or more of these countries and one is a new, albeit tentative, generic record for the South American continent. About 16 species new to science remain to be described. One of these is only the second reported species of Brinkhurstia (Alluroididae) and possesses unusual, single, very elongate penial setae. All of our species records are pertinent to tests of different hypotheses about historical and phylogenetic relationships among organisms of northern and southern South America and North America. The species, including new ones, with limited distributions are of particular significance to such hypotheses.     

Phylogenetic reconsideration of Myrmekiaphila systematics with a description of the new trapdoor spider species Myrmekiaphila tigris (Araneae, Mygalomorphae, Cyrtaucheniidae, Euctenizinae) from Auburn, Alabama

The trapdoor spider genus Myrmekiaphila currently comprises 11 nominal species. A recent molecular phylogenetic evaluation of the group identified a number of problems with respect to how species and species groups were delineated by Bond and Platnick in their 2007 taxonomic revision of the genus. We report herein the discovery of a new species, Myrmekiaphila tigrissp. n. The phylogenetic position of the species is evaluated using a molecular phylogenetic approach based on a set of mtDNA markers. Our preferred phylogenetic hypothesis supports the recognition of a new species and further highlights the need to more carefully investigate species boundaries within the genus. These results further indicate that palpal bulb morphology is rapidly evolving and has likely been a contributing factor in rendering a number of species paraphyletic with respect to the molecular data.     

Review of the genus Plistobunus Pocock, 1903, with description of a new species from Hainan Island, China (Opiliones, Laniatores, Epedanidae)

The genus Plistobunus Pocock, 1903 and its type species Plistobunus rapax Pocock, 1903 are redescribed based on the type material deposited in the British Museum of Natural History (BMNH), London. In addition, a new Plistobunus species from Hainan Island is described and illustrated of Plistobunus columnariussp. n. The new species is diagnosed by having a row of 12 setiferous tubercles on anterior margin of carapace, and the femur of pedipalpus ventrally with 13 setiferous tubercles in male.     

New species, phylogeny, host-associations and geographic distribution of genus Cryptosporella (Gnomoniaceae, Diaporthales)

The phylogeny of Cryptosporella is revised to include recently discovered species. Eight species new to science are described and two new combinations are proposed, raising the total number of species accepted in Cryptosporella to 19. The species delimitation and phylogeny for Cryptosporella are determined based on analyses of DNA sequences from three genes (β-tubulin, ITS and tef1-α), comparative morphology of sexual structures on their host substrate, and host associations. The inferred phylogeny suggests that Cryptosporella has speciated primarily on Betulaceae with 16 species occurring on hosts in that plant family. The host range of most species seems to be narrow with nine species reported from a single host species or subspecies and seven species occurring on plants within a single host genus. A key to species is provided. The known distribution of Cryptosporella is expanded to mountain cloud forests of the provinces of Chiriquí in Panama and Tucumán in Argentina.     

A new species of Centromochlus (Siluriformes,Auchenipteridae, Centromochlinae) from the middle Rio Tocantins basin,Brazil

A new species of the catfish genus Centromochlus (Auchenipteridae, Centromochlinae) is described. The new species is diagnosed by having numerous dark rounded blotches over the body and fins, dorsal‐fin spine with serrations anteriorly and smooth posteriorly, anal fin of mature males with three unbranched and seven branched rays, anterior nuchal plate absent and posterior nuchal plate not extended ventrally. The new species is described from a small stream in the Estação Ecológica Serra Geral de Tocantins, a natural reserve in the centre of the Brazilian Cerrado, close to the watershed between the Rio Tocantins and the Rio São Francisco basins. The new species is possibly the sister taxon to the recently described Centromochlus meridionalis from the upper Rio Tapajós. Those two species share with Centromochlus perugiae, from the upper Amazon and upper Paraguay, derived features associated with the modified anal fin in sexually mature males.     

内蒙古二连盆地努和廷勃尔和剖面阿山头组底部鼠齿类一新属(英文)

努和廷勃尔和剖面位于内蒙古二连市西南40 km的呼和勃尔和地区,依据沉积间断可以将50 m厚的地层分为脑木根组和阿山头组,地层时代从中古新世到中始新世。在阿山头组下部层位中发现大量的啮齿类化石,其中一类原始的鼠齿类在此被命名为一个新的属种:Erlianomys combinatusgen. et sp. nov. (综合二连鼠)。其主要牙齿特征为:齿冠低,主尖较为发育,连接各尖的脊简单、细弱。有P4, m1有前压痕也表明有一个小的p4或者dp4。M1和M2大小相当。臼齿前齿带(下前齿带)明显,与原尖(下原尖)之间没有连接或连接很弱。M1和M2原尖后臂、后脊和次尖前臂在中尖处相交。m1的下前尖很弱或缺失,下原尖与下后尖之间连接很弱,基本为孤立的两个尖;m2 -3下次小尖明显,下次脊短,有时直接与下次小尖相连;下外脊低矮、不发育。上、下臼齿都没有中脊或很弱。新属种的发现,为进一步认识古近纪啮齿类的起源和演化提供了新的证据。Erlianomys与北美的Elymys和亚洲的Aksyiromys,Primisminthus,Allosminthus,Palasiomys都有很多相似的特征,预示着它们可能有共同的祖先。在牙齿形态上,Erlianomys比中始新世的其他鼠齿类更为原始,可表明其产出层位即阿山头组下部的时代要早于中始新世,可能属于早始新世;其形态更接近亚洲的Aksyiromys,Primisminthus和Allosminthus,而与北美的Ely-mys相差较大。因此推测鼠齿类的共同祖先可能与Erlianomys更为相似,早始新世时在亚洲起源,向其他大陆的迁移扩散不会晚于早始新世晚期。     

A new species of Exostyles (Leguminosae, Papilionoideae, Swartzieae s.l.), from Paraná State, Brazil

A new species Exostyles godoyensis Soares-Silva & Mansano (Leguminosae, Papilionoideae, Swartzieae), endemic to Paraná state in southern Brazil, is described and illustrated. The new species is distinct from all the other species of Exostyles in having a leaf with up to five leaflets, while the other species have at least seven leaflets per leaf. The new species is distinct from Exostyles amazonica Yakovlev in its longer stamen filaments and ovary stipe and from E. glabra Vogel and E. venusta Schott by its shorter anthers. In addition to these morphological characters E. godoyensis has a disjunct geographical distribution.  © 2004 The Linnean Society of London, Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society , 2004, 146 , 103–106.