内蒙古东胜中侏罗世延安组孢粉组合

研究了内蒙古东胜罕台川、碾盘梁沟和柳沟3个剖面中侏罗世孢子花粉化石34属63种, 包括2个新种. 基于10个样品中发现的3 863粒孢子花粉化石的鉴定和统计, 建立东胜地区延安组孢粉组合.该组合中蕨类植物孢子有19属37种, 含量占46%～49%, 最低为39%.裸子植物花粉略占优势, 有15属26种,含量为51%～54%, 最高达61%.与国内外相关资料对比结果表明该孢粉组合的地质时代应属中侏罗世巴柔期.孢粉植物群反映研究区在中侏罗世早期为暖温带或亚热带的暖湿气候.     

内蒙古东胜延安组孢粉研究

本文报道了内蒙古东胜侏罗纪含煤地层延安组的孢粉组合,共记述孢子花粉６２属１２５种,疑源类２属４种,描述了８新种,２新组合种。通过对孢粉类型时空分布,兴衰变化的研究及与国内外相关孢粉组合比较,推断东胜延安组时代为中侏罗世早期（Ａａｉｅｎｉａｎ－Ｂａｊｏｃｉａｎ期）。根据化石孢子花粉可能的植物亲缘关系以及这些植物生态条件,推测当时东胜地区存在以苏铁科、银杏科、松柏纲植物和桫椤科树蕨为主体,很多草本和木本蕨类参与其中的茂盛植物群,气候属温暖湿润的亚热带—温带型。     

新疆吐鲁番—鄯善地区中侏罗世孢粉组合

研究新疆吐鲁番鄯善地区葡１井和草南１井中侏罗世孢子花粉化石４５属９７种,包括２个新种。建立西山窑组、三间房组和七克台组共３个孢粉组合,其地质时代相当于中侏罗世早期和晚期。     

新疆鄯善照壁山克拉玛依组孢粉组合

本文研究了新疆鄯善照壁山沟口克拉玛依组顶部的孢粉化石,共鉴定孢粉４６属７０种,命名为Ｐｕｎｃｔａｔｉｓｐｏｒｉｔｅｓ－Ａｒａｔｒｉｓｐｏｒｉｔｅｓ－Ｔａｅｎｉａｅｓｐｏｒｉｔｅｓ－Ｐａｒａｔａｅｎｉａｅｓｐｏｒｉｔｅｓ组合。根据组合主要分子的时限及其含量变化,以及与有关已知时代孢粉组合进行对比,鉴定其其他质时代为中三叠世。根据孢粉植物群反映当时为温湿的气候特征。     

湖北秭归盆地中侏罗世泄滩组孢粉组合

本文记录了鄂西秭归盆地东缘泄滩组上部21个属36个种的孢粉植物群,其中包括3个新种,讨论了主要属种组合特征和地层延限,根据中侏罗世孢粉植物群组合在国内外的对比,提出泄滩组上部Cyathidites minor-Classopollis-Callialasporites组合的时代属于中侏罗世,这个组合以桫椤科,掌鳞杉科植物的繁盛,和出现大量Cal-lialasporites母体植物为特点,暗示泄滩组上部形成于炎热而干旱的气候环境。     

陕西彬县地区中侏罗世延安组孢粉植物群及其意义

报道了采自陕西彬县地区中侏罗世延安组的孢粉化石６０属,８３种。经研究表明,陕西彬县地区延安组的孢粉组合是以裸子植物花粉为主,蕨类植物孢子次之。银杏、苏铁类和松柏类花粉在组合中占优势;桫椤科孢子在蕨类中具有较高的含量。根据孢粉组合特征及其对比,延安组的时代应属中侏罗世早期。陕西彬县地区当时的植被是以银杏、苏铁类和松柏类等乔木为主,并伴有桫椤科为主体的树蕨植物及草本植物,古气候应属大陆性亚热带气候。     

新疆准噶尔盆地西北缘早侏罗世三工河组孢粉组合

本文报道了采自新疆准噶尔盆地西北缘红山咀区拐114井三工河组的孢粉化石,33属58种。通过对孢粉组合的系统分析研究,认为三工河组的地质时代应归为早侏罗世。     

内蒙古钱家店凹陷晚白垩世姚家组的孢粉组合研究

内蒙古钱家店凹陷ML12井等12口井的孢粉材料,是目前所知该凹陷姚家组孢粉类型最丰富、数量最多且保存最完好的,已鉴定出孢粉共计116属,包括蕨类植物孢子51属、裸子植物花粉32属和被子植物花粉33属。根据姚家组中蕨类植物孢子分异度较高及相对含量较低、裸子植物花粉分异度较低及相对含量高、被子植物花粉分异度较低及相对含量波动幅度巨大的孢粉组合特征,将其命名为Exesipollenites-Nevesisporites-Retitricolpites组合。该组合与大庆长垣姚家组孢粉组合具有很好的横向对比性。以塔里木盆地西部东巴组中、下段被子植物花粉的演化阶段为参照标准,钱家店凹陷晚白垩世姚家组的孢粉组合时代应为晚白垩世Coniacian期—Santonian期。本文中的工作填补了钱家店凹陷姚家组孢粉组合研究的空白,并为深入认识我国北方区姚家组沉积时期植物群的特征提供了重要的证据。     

Characteristics of the Later Hoocene Epoch Sporo-pollen Assemblage and Their Significance in Dabusu Lake,Qianan County,Jilin Province

According to the sporo-pollen analysis of the ten localities in Dabusu lake, it could be divided into two sporo-pollen assemblage zones from bottom to top: the lower series (1–2 bed) of Equisetum, lsoites sporo-pollen zone and upper series (3–6 bed) of Ranunculaceae, Chenopodiaceae, Aritemisia sporo-pollen zone. This paper deals also with the course that in the middle later period of the later Holocene Epoch the obvious change of paleogeographic environment is no less than twice in the area surounding Dabusu lake. As for the vegetation, the wet grassy marshland of temperate zone in which the pteridophyta Predominated turned towards meadow -steppe in which herbs predominated. While the wet climate turned towards arid climate and the fresh water lake turned towards salt lake.     

施硫肥对内蒙古典型草原放牧生态系统硫循环的影响及硫肥需要量的研究

应用总体平衡 (mass_balance)法研究了施硫肥 (0 ,30及 6 0kgS/hm2 )对内蒙古典型草原放牧生态系统硫循环的影响及在硫肥需要量上的应用。结果表明 ,施硫肥使牧草硫的吸收量提高了 5 0 % ,并使放牧系统硫的生物循环速率提高了 15 %以上。 1995和 1996年两年内两种硫肥处理 30和 6 0kgS/hm2 的硫的利用效率分别为 74.0 %和37.6 %。当其他硫的来源较低时 ,土壤中有机硫的矿化是草原有效硫的主要来源 ,约占整个有效硫输入量的 70 %。放牧家畜在物质循环中具有重要的生态功能 ,其硫采食量的 90 %左右以排泄物的形式返回到土壤 ,经过排泄物而释放的有效硫量约占硫的生物再循环量的 30 %。土壤中硫的淋溶损失是放牧系统中硫的主要输出形式 ;同时 ,家畜尿和粪中硫的损失 (包括转移到非生产区和淋溶损失 )也影响着放牧系统硫的平衡状况。因此 ,应该深入研究粪尿硫的再循环速率及其影响因素。基于总体平衡原则 ,该地区放牧系统中至少每年应施入 10kgS/hm2 才能保持有效硫的平衡状态     

施硫肥对内蒙古典型草原放牧生态系统硫循环的影响及硫肥需要量的研究

应用总体平衡(mass-balance)法研究了施硫肥(0, 30及60 kg S/hm2)对内蒙古典型草原放牧生态系统硫循环的影响及在硫肥需要量上的应用.结果表明,施硫肥使牧草硫的吸收量提高了50%,并使放牧系统硫的生物循环速率提高了15%以上.1995和1996年两年内两种硫肥处理30 和 60 kg S/hm2的硫的利用效率分别为74.0% 和 37.6%.当其他硫的来源较低时,土壤中有机硫的矿化是草原有效硫的主要来源,约占整个有效硫输入量的70%.放牧家畜在物质循环中具有重要的生态功能,其硫采食量的90%左右以排泄物的形式返回到土壤,经过排泄物而释放的有效硫量约占硫的生物再循环量的30%.土壤中硫的淋溶损失是放牧系统中硫的主要输出形式;同时,家畜尿和粪中硫的损失(包括转移到非生产区和淋溶损失)也影响着放牧系统硫的平衡状况.因此,应该深入研究粪尿硫的再循环速率及其影响因素.基于总体平衡原则,该地区放牧系统中至少每年应施入10 kg S/hm2才能保持有效硫的平衡状态.     

Turtle remains from the Middle Jurassic Xintiangou Formation of Yunyang,Sichuan Basin,China

Three turtle shells from the Middle Jurassic Xintiangou Formation of Yunyang (Chongqing, China) are described and assigned to Xinjiangchelyidae (Testudines: Eucryptodira). This is the first report of turtle remains from the Xintiangou Formation, Sichuan Basin and represents the oldest known Xinjiangchelyidae. The assemblage includes two taxa, Protoxinjiangchelys sp. and Xinjiangchelyidae indet. This discovery extends the stratigraphical distribution of Xinjiangchelyidae and improves our knowledge about the early evolution of that family. It demonstrates that by the Middle Jurassic, at the time of deposition of the Xintiangou Formation, the group was already diversified in the Sichuan Basin.     

Westphalian Sporo-Pollen Assemblages from the Upper Carboniferous in Zhongwei,Ningxia

About 98 species of fossil spores and pollen referred to 55 genera from the Upper Carboniferous Yanghugou Formation in Zhongwei, Ningxia have been studied. Two sporopollen assemblage zones are recognized in ascending order as follows: 1. Laevigatosporites medius-Cyclogranisporites aureus (MA) zone: This assemblage corresponds to the lower part of the Yanghugou Formation, and is characterized by the predominance of pteridophyfic spores and the relative abundance of gymnospermous pollen. Azonotriletes and monoletes are dominant, while zonates are of importance. The most common species are Leiotriletes spp., Cyclogranisporites aureus Potoni6 et Kremp, Granulatisporites granulatus Ibrahim, Microreticulatisporites concavus Butterworth et Williams, M. nobilis (Welcher) Knox, Triquitrites bransonii Wilson et Hoffmeister, Dictyotriletes bireticulatus (Ibrahim) Smith et Butterworth, Ahrensisporites guerickei (Horst) Potonie et Kremp, Lycospora spp., Crassispora kosankei (Potonie et Kremp) Bharadwaj, Cirratriradites saturni (Ibrahim) Schopf, Wilson et Bentall, Laevigatosporites spp., Columinisporites ovalis Peppers, Florinites junior Potnie et Kremp and Vesicaspora wilsonii (Schemel) Wilson et Venkatachata. This assemblage is comparable with those of the Yanghugou Formation in Baiyantaohai of Inner Mongolia (Yu, 1983), the 8th zone of North China by Gao (1979), the Triquitrites sinani-Cirratriradites saturni (SS) Zone and the Microreticulatisporites nobilis-Florinites junior (NJ) Zone of West Europe, which are considered corresponding to Westphatian A-B in age. 2. Torispora seuris-Punctatisporites hians (SH) zone: This assemblage is equivalent to the upper part of the Yanghugou Formation, and is also characterized by dominance of pteridophytic spores and subdominance of gymospermous pollen. In addition to the most commen species mentioned above, the important taxas in the present assemblage comprise Punctatisporites hians Wang, Gulisporites cochlearius Imgrund, Verrucosisporites kaipingiensis Imgrund, Endosporites globiformis (Ibrahim) Schopf, Wilson et Bentall, Densosporites anulatus (Loose) Smith et Butterworth, D. reticuloides Ouyang et Li, Simozonotriletes labellatus Wang, Torispora securis Balme, Thymospora thiessenii (Kosanke) Wilson et Venkatachala, Pit yos porites west phalensis Williams and Plat ysaccus, Illinites, C ycadopites, etc. This zone compares closely with those of the upper part of the Yanghugou Formation in Hengshanbu (Wang Hui, 1984) and Ordos Basin (Geng, 1985), the Benxi Formation in Shanxi (Liao, 1987; Ouyang and Li, 1980; Gao, 1979), as welll as Torispora securis-T, laevigata (SL) Zone and Thymospora obscura-T, thiessenii (OT) Zone of West Europe. Therefore, the present SH Zone should be referred to Westphalian C-D in age. The Westphalian palynofiora in Zhongwei is dominated by Filicopsida and pteridospermopsida; Sphenopsida and lycopsida occupy the subdominant position, while Cordaitopsida and Coniferopsida do not develop well. This palynofiora indicates a tropical-subtropical warm and humid paleoclimate.     

湖北秭归盆地中侏罗世陈家湾组孢粉组合的发现及其意义

本文首次报道了湖北秭归盆地陈家湾组孢粉组合,该组合可归入Cyathidites minor-Classopollis Callialasporites为代表的组合,时代属中侏罗世。陈家湾组孢粉组合的特征反映了秭归盆地中侏罗世泄滩组、陈家湾组和沙溪庙组三个组的孢粉组合的面貌基本一致,仅早期组合与中、晚期组合略有差别。建议以Gyathidites minor-classopollis-callialasportes组合代表湖北西部——重庆地区中侏罗世孢粉组合,早期为Lunzisporites pallidus亚组合,中晚期为Converrrcosisporites venitus亚组合。根据孢粉植物群在本区侏罗纪垂直分布情况,提出早侏罗世时期属亚热带一热带炎热潮湿气候环境,植物生长茂盛;早侏罗世之后,潮湿的气候仍占主导地位,但出现了干旱的先兆;中侏罗世早期进入了半干旱阶段,随后即为炎热干旱的气候所笼罩;至晚侏罗世达到非常干旱的程度,植物种类十份单调,唯有掌鳞杉科植物占据着统治地位。     

Composite Trace Fossil Assemblage in a Distal Carbonate Setting from the Tethys (Middle Jurassic,Betic Cordillera,Southern Spain)

Ichnological analysis of a Middle Jurassic carbonate surface from the Betic Cordillera (southern Spain) reveals a complex trace fossil assemblage, including softground Ophiomorpha, firmground Arenicolites, Thalassinoides and Gastrochaenolites, and hardground Trypanites as well as possible Gastrochaenolites. The ecological replacement in the macrobenthic community is interpreted according to successive suites that are controlled mainly by substrate consistency. Variations in composition and abundance of trace fossils between suites can be ecologically and/or taphonomically determined.     

Fossil coniferous wood from the Middle Jurassic of Liaoning Province, China

Silicified coniferous wood was collected from the Lanqi Formation (late Middle Jurassic in age) at Shebudaigou Village, Liaoning Province, China. Three taxa are identified, namely Pinoxylon dacotense Knowlton, Xenoxylon phyllocladoides Gothan, and Araucariopitys sp. Based on these new data, and those of other fossil plants reported previously from the same formation, we consider the climate during the deposition of the Lanqi Formation was subtropical, humid and seasonal. In this respect the Lanqi flora differs from the coeval Shimengou and Longmen floras from North China. The Longmen flora was deposited during more humid, subtropical conditions, while the Shimengou Formation indicates that the climate was warm temperate and dry. Our data would suggest that the Late Jurassic climatic pattern was initiated as early as the late Middle Jurassic.