吉林松辽平原暨西部草原湿地土壤中的暗色丝孢菌

从吉林松辽平原暨西部草原湿地不同生态环境中采集土壤样品42份,采用土壤平板法和稀释法,从中分离出116个暗色丝孢菌分离物,经鉴定分属于25属,46种。其中,倒卵平脐蠕孢Bipolaris obovoidea为新种;二色单格孢Monodictys bicolorata、刚毛黑团孢Periconia hispidula和草色串孢小四变型Torula herbarum f. quaternella为中国新记录种。研究过的标本（干制培养物）及活菌种保存在山东农业大学植物病理学标本室（HSAUP）,等模式标本（干制培养物）存放在中国科学院真菌标本室（HMAS）。     

海南省土壤中的暗色丝孢菌Ⅰ

从海南省不同生境中采集土壤样品48份,采用土壤平板法和稀释法,从中分离出61个暗色丝孢菌分离物,经鉴定分属于21属中的35种。其中,多变粘鞭霉Gliomastix variabilis和枝梗假葡萄孢Pseudobotrytis ramosa为新种;螺旋丝头束霉Cephalotrichum heliciforme为一新名称;疹梗孢属Ardhachandra和脊孢疹梗孢A. cristaspora及淡褐节球孢Nodulisporium hinnuleum为中国新记录。模式和所有研究过的其他标本（干制培养物）及活菌种保存在山东农业大学植物病理学标本室（HSAUP）,等模式标本（干制培养物）存放在中国科学院菌物标本馆（HMAS）。     

云南热带地区土壤中的暗色丝孢菌初查

从云南西双版纳及河口热带雨林、植物园、荒坡和农田中采集混合土壤样品30余份,采用稀释平板法和土壤颗粒法从中分离获得暗色丝孢菌分离物53个,经形态鉴定分属于29属37种。其中4个为中国新记录种：尼尔布洛孢Bloxamia nilagirica、不规头梗孢Cephaliophora irregularis、单梗粘孢Haplographium delicatum和不列颠黑团孢Periconia britannica,对它们进行了描述和必要的讨论。研究过的标本（干制培养物）及活菌种保存在山东农业大学植物病理学标本室（HSAUP）。     

辽宁省土壤中暗色丝孢菌初查

从辽宁省不同生态环境中采集土壤样品28份,采用土壤平板法和稀释平板法,从中分离出45个暗色丝孢菌分离物。经鉴定分属于18属,26种。其中,海芋平脐蠕孢Bipolaris alocasiae、长梗腐质霉Humicola longistipes为新种;其他24种为国内已知种。研究过的标本（干制培养物）及活菌种保存在山东农业大学植物病理学标本室（HSAUP）,等模式标本保存在中国科学院真菌标本馆（HMAS）。     

伽穆孢属（丝孢纲）一中国新记录种

从吉林省公主岭市的土壤中分离获得无性态真菌丝孢纲（Hyphomycetes）一中国新记录种一简单伽穆孢[Gamsia simplex（Sugiy．,Y．Kawas．＆H．Kurata）Arx],其所在属（Gamaia M．Morelet）同时为中国新记录属。根据获得的分离物对属、种级分类特征进行了较详细的描述和描绘。研究过的标本（干制培养物）与活菌种保存在山东农业大学植物病理学标本室（HSAUP）。     

长江、黄河源头地区土壤中的齿梗孢属真菌

在进行长江、黄河源头地区土壤中暗色丝孢菌多样性研究的过程中,从该地区分离、鉴定出8种齿梗孢属真菌。其中,中华齿梗孢Scolecobasidium chinense、青海齿梗孢S. qinghaiense为新种,树状齿梗孢S. dendroides为中国新记录种。对新种及中国新记录种作了较详细的描述。研究菌株的干制培养物和活菌种保存在山东农业大学植物病理学标本室（HSAUP）。     

中国西藏土壤中节格孢属真菌的三个新种

从中国西藏土壤中分离到3种节格孢属Scytalidium真菌,据形态学特征和分子系统学分析,他们不属于该属中任何已知种,遂在本文中作为新种加以描述和发表,它们是：具有多纵隔膜的中国节格孢S. chinense、能产红色色素的西藏节格孢S. tibetense和孢子与菌丝均具瘤突的具瘤节格孢S. tuberculatum。新种的模式标本（干制培养物）分别保藏在山东农业大学植物病理学标本室（HSAUP）和中国科学院菌物标本馆（HMAS）。     

中国东部暖温带地区土壤中单格孢属（丝孢纲）真菌

从中国东部暖温带地区土壤中分离到单格孢属Monodictys真菌4种,其中,厚垣单格孢 Monodictys chlamydosporoidea为新种,此种以分生孢子隔膜处明显缢缩、细胞深色、隆起、厚垣化为主要特征;苍白单格孢Monodictys glauca为中国新记录种。对另2个国内已知种亦作了标本引证。研究标本（干制培养物）与活菌种保存在山东农业大学植物病理学标本室（HSAUP）。     

黄河三角洲地区土壤中暗色丝孢菌研究初报Ⅰ

采用土壤平板法和稀释法从山东黄河三角洲地区土壤中分离出40个暗色丝孢菌分离物,鉴定为13属23种。其中光滑端梗霉Acrophialophora levis、大棘黑团孢Periconia macrospinosa、大孢瓶梗霉Phialomyces macrosporus、粗糙短梗蠕孢Trichocladium asperum、螺旋毛束霉Trichurus spiralis和树头毛束霉Trichurus dendrocephalus等6种真菌为中国新记录种。所报道真菌种的干制培养物保存在山东农业大学植物病理学标本室(HSAUP)。     

湖北神农架自然保护区土壤中的暗色丝孢菌I.

采用土壤平板法和稀释平板法,自湖北神农架自然保护区的14份土壤样品中分离得到40个暗色丝孢菌分离物,鉴定为16属23种。其中,湖北弯孢Curvularia hubeiensis为一新种,嗜热革节孢Scytalidium thermophilum和禾色串孢Torula graminis为中国新记录种。对新种及中国新记录种作了详细的描述。其余20种为国内已报道种。所有研究菌株的干制培养物标本与活菌种均存放在山东农业大学植物病理学标本室(HSAUP)。     

Distribution of N,P, K,Ca, Mg,S, Zn,Fe, Mn and Cu in groundnut

Summary Concentration of N, P, K, Ca, Mg and S in summer groundnut crop was higher than in kharif while Zn, Fe, Mn and Cu contents were higher in summer crop. Kernel's N, P and Zn; Leaflet's Ca and Mn; Stem's K and Fe; Root's S and Cu and Petiole's Mg contents were highest. Shell's N, P, K, Mg, S, Zn and Cu; Kernel's Ca, Fe and Mn contents were the least. N, P, K, S, Zn and Cu concentrations decreased linearly as the crop grew. Ca, Mg, Fe and Mn concentrations did not display any distinct pattern. Ca concentration was positively correlated with pod yield in both the seasons.     

Simultaneous measurement of the trace elements Al, As, B, Be, Cd, Co, Cu, Fe, Li, Mn, Mo, Ni, Rb, Se, Sr, and Zn in human serum and their reference ranges by ICP-MS

The goal of this article was to establish reference ranges of the concentration of trace elements in human serum and to compare these results with those reported by other authors. We describe the sample preparation and measurement conditions that allow the rapid, precise, and accurate determination of Al, As, B, Be, Cd, Co, Cu, Fe, Li, Mn, Mo, Ni, Rb, Se, Sr, and Zn in human serum samples (n=110) by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Accuracy and precision were determined by analyzing three reconstituted reference serum samples by comparison with other methods and by the standard addition procedure. The advantages of the ICP-MS method include short time of analysis of the elements mentioned, low detection limit, high precision, and high accuracy. Disadventages include a high risk of contamination due to the presence of some of the elements of interest in the environment, the relatively delicate sample handling, and the high cost of the equipment.     

Reference values for the concentrations of As,Cd, Co,Cr, Cu,Fe, I,Hg, Mn,Mo, Ni,Pb, Se,and Zn in selected human tissues and body fluids

This report attempts to formulate reference ranges of elemental concentrations for 15 trace elements in selected human tissues and body fluids. A set of samples consisting of whole blood, blood serum, urine, milk, liver, and hair were chosen and considered for 15 elements of biological significance: As, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, F, Fe, I, Hg, Mn, Mo, Ni, Pb, Se, and Zn. The results represent wholly or partially data received from 40 countries of the global regions of Africa, Asia, Europe, North, South, and Central America, Australia, and New Zealand. This survey, even if qualitative, has been useful in demonstrating certain trends of trace-element scenarios around the world. It is of course recognized that both diet and environment exert a strong influence on the distribution pattern of several elements, such as As, Cd, Mn, Pb, Se, and Zn. A limited comparison of the available information on soil status of different countries reflected some interesting associations for elements, such as Mn and Zn. Importantly, this study revealed that only a few countries were in a position to identify a reasonable amount of data on samples requested for this project. Regretably, for a number of countries, any dependable data for even such essential elements as Cu, Fe, and Zn were not available. In view of the nutritional importance of many elements, the time is ripe for concerted efforts by intergovernmental agencies to initiate investigations or commission task forces/projects to generate reliable reference data for selected global regions, which sadly lack data of any kind at present.     

Monovalent Cation Permeation through the Connexin40 Gap Junction Channel : Cs,Rb, K,Na, Li,TEA, TMA,TBA, and Effects of Anions Br,Cl, F,Acetate, Aspartate,Glutamate, and NO3

The unitary conductances and permeability sequences of the rat connexin40 (rCx40) gap junction channels to seven monovalent cations and anions were studied in rCx40-transfected neuroblastoma 2A (N2A) cell pairs using the dual whole cell recording technique. Chloride salt cation substitutions (115 mM principal salt) resulted in the following junctional maximal single channel current-voltage relationship slope conductances (γ_j in pS): CsCl (153), RbCl (148), KCl (142), NaCl (115), LiCl (86), TMACl (71), TEACl (63). Reversible block of the rCx40 channel was observed with TBA. Potassium anion salt γ_j are: Kglutamate (160), Kacetate (160), Kaspartate (158), KNO₃ (157), KF (148), KCl (142), and KBr (132). Ion selectivity was verified by measuring reversal potentials for current in rCx40 gap junction channels with asymmetric salt solutions in the two electrodes and using the Goldman-Hodgkin-Katz equation to calculate relative permeabilities. The permeabilities relative to Li⁺ are: Cs⁺ (1.38), Rb⁺ (1.32), K⁺ (1.31), Na⁺ (1.16), TMA⁺ (0.53), TEA⁺ (0.45), TBA⁺ (0.03), Cl⁻ (0.19), glutamate⁻ (0.04), and NO₃− (0.14), assuming that the monovalent anions permeate the channel by forming ion pairs with permeant monovalent cations within the pore thereby causing proportionate decreases in the channel conductance. This hypothesis can account for why the predicted increasing conductances with increasing ion mobilities in an essentially aqueous channel were not observed for anions in the rCx40 channel. The rCx40 effective channel radius is estimated to be 6.6 Å from a theoretical fit of the relationship of relative permeability and cation radius.     

Crystal structure, detonation performance, and thermal stability of a new polynitro cage compound: 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 13, 14, 15-nonanitro-2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 13, 14, 15-nonaazaheptacyclo [5.5.1.13, 11. 15, 9] pentadecane

A new polynitro cage compound 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 13, 14, 15-nonanitro-2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 13, 14, 15-nonaazaheptcyclo [5.5.1.1(3,11).1(5,9)] pentadecane (NNNAHP) was designed in the present work. Its molecular structure was optimized at the B3LYP/6-31 G(d,p) level of density functional theory (DFT) and crystal structure was predicted using the Compass and Dreiding force fields and refined by DFT GGA-RPBE method. The obtained crystal structure of NNNAHP belongs to the P-1 space group and the lattice parameters are a = 9.99 ?, b = 10.78 ?, c = 9.99 ?, α = 90.01°, β = 120.01°, γ = 90.00°, and Z = 2, respectively. Based on the optimized crystal structure, the band gap, density of state, thermodynamic properties, infrared spectrum, strain energy, detonation characteristics, and thermal stability were predicted. Calculation results show that NNNAHP has detonation properties close to those of CL-20 and is a high energy density compound with moderate stability.     

Reliability of Analyses of Hg,Fe, Ca,K, P,pH, Alkalinity,Conductivity, Hardness and Colour from Lakes

The aim of this report has been to present results concerning analytical quality controls of Hg analysis of fish and sediment, analyses of Fe, Ca, total-P, K, pH, alkalinity, conductivity, colour and hardness (Ca + Mg) of lake water samples. Despite the fact that these are standard parameters in many regular water control programs, there are major differences in the reliability with which these parameters can be determined. The focus here is on an overall inter-laboratory comparison between the parameters. Six laboratories have been involved in the analysis. Selected results: pH gives the lowest (average) relative standard deviation (error), about 2 %; conductivity gives an error of about 5–7 %; alkalinity yields an average error of as much as 13–25 %, which is the largest among the parameters studied here; colour also gives a high error, 9–15 %; hardness gives a relative standard deviation of about 6–7 %. Of the other parameters (i. e., Hg, Fe, Ca and P), Hg gives the best reliability and Fe and P the lowest. To have knowledge of the reliability of the analytical data is of paramount importance in most control programs and research projects.     

Competitive inhibition and selectivity enhancement by Ca in the uptake of inorganic elements (Be, Na, Mg, K, Ca, Sc, Mn, Co, Zn, Se, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Ce, Pm, Gd, Hf) by carrot (Daucus carota cv. U.S. harumakigosun)

We investigated the uptake of inorganic elements (Be, Na, Mg, K, Ca, Sc, Mn, Co, Zn, Se, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Ce, Pm, Gd, and Hf) and the effect of Ca on their uptake in carrots (Daucus carota cv. U.S. harumakigosun) by the radioactive multitracer technique. The experimental results suggested that Na, Mg, K, and Rb competed for the functional groups outside the cells in roots with Ca but not for the transporter-binding sites on the plasma membrrane of the root cortex cells. In contrast, Y, Ce, Pm, and Gd competed with Ca for the transporters on the plasma membrane. The selectivity, which was defined as the value obtained by dividing the concentration ratio of an elemental pair, K/Na, Rb/Na, Be/Sr, and Mg/Sr, in the presence of 0.2 and 2 ppm Ca by that of the corresponding elemental pair in the absence of Ca in the solution was estimated. The selectivity of K and Rb in roots was increased in the presence of Ca. The selectivity of Be in roots was not affected, whereas the selectivity of Mg was increased by Ca. These observations suggest that the presence of Ca in the uptake solution enhances the selectivity in the uptake of metabolically important elements against unwanted elements.     

Relations of the Al,B, Ba,Br, Ca,Cl, Cu,Fe, K,Li, Mg,Mn, Na,P, S,Si, Sr,and Zn mass fractions to morphometric parameters in pediatric and nonhyperplastic young adult prostate glands

The variation with age of the 18 trace element mass fractions and some histological characteristics of intact prostate glands of 50 subjects aged 0–30 years was investigated by instrumental neutron activation analysis, inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry, and a quantitative morphometric analysis. Mean values ± standard error of the mean (M ± SΕΜ) for the mass fractions (in milligrams per kilogram wet tissue) of these trace elements in pre-puberty were: Al 28.5 ± 9.0, B 0.40 ± 0.11, Ba 1.48 ± 0.44, Br 10.5 ± 1.5, Ca 241 ± 30, Cl 3,203 ± 278, Cu 3.51 ± 0.89, Fe 33.7 ± 4.1, K 2,364 ± 145, Li 0.020 ± 0.004, Mg 153 ± 23, Mn 0.46 ± 0.06, Na 2,286 ± 130, P 1,391 ± 100, S 1,698 ± 132, Si 62 ± 11, Sr 0.38 ± 0.08, and Zn 27.6 ± 2.3. During puberty and postpuberty, when there is a significant increase in circulating androgens, the mean values were: Al 7.2 ± 1.4, B 0.21 ± 0.05, Ba 0.25 ± 0.06, Br 5.8 ± 1.0, Ca 433 ± 81, Cl 2,314 ± 201, Cu 1.77 ± 0.13, Fe 20.9 ± 1.6, K 2,585 ± 118, Li 0.0088 ± 0.0014, Mg 232 ± 27, Mn 0.34 ± 0.04, Na 1,875 ± 107, P 1,403 ± 98, S 1,673 ± 73, Si 22.2 ± 3.1, Sr 0.22 ± 0.03, and Zn 93.3 ± 8.9. Mean values (M ± SΕΜ) of percent volumes (%) of the stroma, epithelium and lumen in the prostate before puberty were 73.4 ± 2.6, 20.4 ± 1.7, and 4.45 ± 0.94, respectively, versus 46.5 ± 2.5, 38.5 ± 1.9, and 14.9 ± 1.2 during puberty and postpuberty. This work’s results confirm that the Zn mass fraction in prostate tissue is an androgen-dependent parameter. For the first time it has been demonstrated that the glandular lumen is a main pool of Ca, Mg, and Zn accumulation and that the stroma is a main pool of Al, B, Ba, Br, Cl, Cu, Fe, Mn, Na, and Si accumulation in the normal human prostate, for the age range 0–30 years. It was concluded that the Ca, Mg, and Zn binds tightly within the prostatic fluid, because the volume of glandular lumen reflects the volume of prostatic fluid.     

The Effect of Age and Gender on Al, B, Ba, Ca, Cu, Fe, K, Li, Mg, Mn, Na, P, S, Sr, V, and Zn Contents in Rib Bone of Healthy Humans

The effect of age and gender on major, minor, and trace element contents in the intact rib bone of 80 relatively healthy 15–55-year-old women and men was investigated. Contents or upper limit of contents of 16 chemical elements in the rib bone were determined by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES). Mean values (M?±?SΕΜ) for the mass fraction of Ba, Ca, Cu, Fe, K, Li, Mg, Na, P, S, Sr, and Zn (milligram per kilogram of dry bone) were as follows: 2.54?±?0.16, 171,400?±?4,050, 1.35?±?0.22, 140?±?11, 1,874?±?71, 0.049?±?0.011, 2,139?±?38, 5,378?±?88, 75,140?±?1,660, 1,881?±?51, 291?±?20, and 92.8?±?1.5, respectively. The upper limits of contents of Al, B, Mn, and V were <7.20, <0.65, <0.36, and <0.03, respectively. Statistically significant tendency for the Ca, Mg, and P content to decrease with age was found in the human rib bone, regardless of gender. The mass fraction of Fe in the male rib bone increases with age. It was shown that higher Ca, Mg, Na, P, and Sr mass fractions as well as lower Fe content were typical of female ribs as compared to those in male ribs.