牡丹一新种——中原牡丹,及银屏牡丹的订正

分子证据和新增加的形态证据显示,银屏牡丹Paeonia suffruticosa ssp．yinpingmudan作为新亚种发表时所依据的两份标本实为两个实体,产自安徽巢湖的（潘开玉和谢中稳9701,模式）实为凤丹户P.ostii的成员,而产自河南嵩县的（洪德元等H97010）实为一个新分类群。本文把P.suffruticosa ssp．yinpingmudan处理为P．ostii的异名,并依据河南的标本描述了一个新种——中原牡丹P.cathayana D．Y Hong＆K．Y.Pan。中原牡丹与风丹和矮牡丹P.jishanensis近缘,区别在于前者下部叶有ll-15片小叶,花白色：后者小叶背面有毛,裂片多,萼片顶端圆钝,花白色。     

川赤芍的化学成分研究

从川赤芍Paeonia anomala subsp·veitchii根皮的70%丙酮提取物中,分离鉴定了22个化合物,其中包括一个新的24,30位降常春藤皂苷三萜衍生物,命名为paeonenolide H(1)。化合物2,4,9,10为首次从该植物中分离得到。     

滇牡丹花色类群性状变异分析

对滇牡丹（Paeonia delavayi）10个花色类群的13个数量性状和5个质量性状进行了调查及统计分析,结果表明：（1）未发现所有花部性状均为同色的花色类群;（2）从花色与其它质量性状的连锁看,绿色类群均具绿色柱头,且是唯一存在直立花朵、绿色花丝、绿色花药的类群;（3）10个花色类群13个数量性状的平均变异系数范围为32．80％～50．56％,说明不同类群内个体问的性状稳定性差异较大;（4）10个花色类群平均表型分化系数为42．25％,表明滇牡丹10个花色类群表型变异主要来源于类群内,类群间的表型变异也很突出;（5）据花色演化趋势,初步推断云南省迪庆州中甸、德钦一带可能为滇牡丹的起源中心。     

基于多基因序列和形态性状的牡丹组种间关系

牡丹被认为是中国的国花,具有很高的医学、观赏和经济价值.野生牡丹被认为是栽培牡丹的野生祖先,因此弄清牡丹组的种间亲缘关系具有重要的理论和实践意义.由于受到信息量的限制,根据单基凼数据或形态数据往往无法对牡丹组的种间关系得到明确的结果.本研究用12份样品代表野生牡丹组(Paeonia section Moutan DC.,Paeoniaceae)8个种,利用包括核基因(Adh1A、Adh2和GPAT)和叶绿体基因(trnS-trnG和rps16-trnQ)的DNA序列以及形态性状的多套数据来探讨野牛牡丹的种间关系.合并分析得到具高支持率的牡丹组物种间的系统发育关系.结果表明,芍药属牡丹组8个野生种分为两个亚组,即肉质花盘亚组subseet.Delavayanae和革质花盘亚组subsect.Vaginatae.肉质花盘亚组包括滇牡丹P delavayi和大花黄牡丹P.ludlowii;革质花盘亚组包括其余6个种.革质花盘亚组中,四川牡丹P.decomposita ssp.decomposita和紫斑牡丹P. rockii ssp. rockii关系密切;卵叶牡丹P.qiui和矮牡丹P. jishanenMs关系密切;银屏牡丹P. suffruticosa ssp.yinpingmudan与风丹P. ostii关系 密切,并且后两个分支为姊妹群.     

Sex allocation under simulated herbivory in the generalist perennial herb Paeonia broteroi (Paeoniaceae)

Theories of optimal resource allocation in flowering plants postulate that allocation to sexual functions are balanced. While many studies have found such evidence in hermaphroditic species among flowers, plants or populations, or at different phenological stages, it has not been supported by other studies. This has been explained by differences among genotypes in ability to acquire resources, resource partitioning among traits unrelated to reproduction or strong selection to maintain positive genetic correlation among traits. I studied how herbivory affected resource allocation to sexual functions in the perennial herb Paeonia broteroi (Paeoniaceae) by measuring a number of floral traits in control plants and in experimental plants under simulated herbivory. The species shows very little plasticity in resource allocation between sexual structures and functions, and appears to be highly sensitive to alterations in the balance of resource acquisition and allocation, with an immediate outcome in terms of seed production and a mid-term response in terms of sprouting and flowering. Plants' ability to collect resources for growth and reproduction before their senescence at the end of the reproductive season, are compromised. This may limit their reproductive potential, the maintenance and growth of their populations, and may influence their demographic state and the plants' ability to respond to selective pressures by external biotic agents.     

木犀科丁香属的一个新等级和六个名称的模式指定

在居群取样、标本查阅、性状分析和多变量分析的基础上, 提出了丁香属Syringa一个新等级和一个新异名: 辽东丁香S. wolfii C. K. Schneid.被处理为红丁香的亚种S. villosa ssp. wolfii而不是垂丝丁香的亚种S. reflexa ssp. wolfii, 并且其后选模式被指定。同时还指定了五个异名的后选模式, 它们是S. bretschneiderii、S. emodi var. rosea、S. villosa var. hirsuta、S. formosissima和S. robusta。     

万寿竹属(百合科)一新种——金佛山万寿竹

描述了重庆市南川金佛山百合科Liliaceae一新种——金佛山万寿竹Disporum jinfoshanenseX.Z.Li,D.M.Zhang＆D.Y.Hong。该种与山东万寿竹D.smilacinum A.Gray相似,具卵形或椭圆形叶,顶生花序,花被片白色,开展,基部稍具浅囊;不同之处在于其茎高15–20cm,叶3–4片,集中于茎上部,叶柄明显,长2–4mm,花被片内表面密布短柔毛。山东万寿竹只分布于山东半岛、朝鲜半岛以及日本。     

紫斑牡丹果实性状变异及其产量分级标准研究

以419个紫斑牡丹(Paeonia rockii(S.G.Haw et L.A.Lauener)T.Hong et J.J.Li)单株构成的试验群体为研究对象,对12个果实性状进行调查和分析.结果显示,12个性状在不同样本间的表型差异均达到极显著水平.相关性分析结果发现有51对组合为显著相关,其中46对组合为极显著相关...     

Evolution of alcohol dehydrogenase genes in peonies (Paeonia): phylogenetic relationships of putative nonhybrid species

Alcohol dehydrogenase genes were amplified by PCR, cloned, and sequenced from 11 putative nonhybrid species of the angiosperm genus Paeonia. Sequences of five exons and six intron regions of the Adh gene were used to reconstruct the phylogeny of these species. Two paralogous genes, Adh1A, and Adh2, were found; an additional gene, Adh1B, is also present in section Moutan. Phylogenetic analyses of exon sequences of the Adh genes of Paeonia and a variety of other angiosperms imply that duplication of Adh1 and Adh2 occurred prior to the divergence of Paeonia species and was followed by a duplication resulting in Adh1A and Adh1B. Concerted evolution appears to be absent between these paralogous loci. Phylogenetic analysis of only the Paeonia Adh exon sequences, positioning the root of the tree between the paralogous genes Adh1 and Adh2, suggests that the first evolutionary split within the genus occurred between the shrubby section Moutan and the other two herbaceous sections Oneapia and Paeonia. Restriction of Adh1B genes to section Moutan may have resulted from deletion of Adh1B from the common ancestor of sections Oneapia and Paeonia. A relative-rate test was designed to compare rates of molecular change among lineages based on the divergence of paralogous genes, and the results indicate a slower rate of evolution within the shrubby section Moutan than in section Oneapia. This may be responsible for the relatively long branch length of section Oneapia and the short branch length between section Moutan and the other two sections found on the Adh, ITS (nrDNA), and matK (cpDNA) phylogenies of the genus. Adh1 and Adh2 intron sequences cannot be aligned, and we therefore carried out separate analyses of Adh1A and Adh2 genes using exon and intron sequences together. The Templeton test suggested that there is not significant incongruence among Adh1A, ITS, and matK data sets, but that these three data sets conflict significantly with Adh2 sequence data. A combined analysis of Adh1A, ITS, and matK sequences produced a tree that is better resolved than that of any individual gene, and congruent with morphology and the results of artificial hybridization. It is therefore considered to be the current best estimate of the species phylogeny. Paraphyly of section Paeonia in the Adh2 gene tree may be caused by longer coalescence times and random sorting of ancestral alleles.      

A new genus and four new species of Eriophyidae from China (Acari: Eriophyoidea)

One new genus and four new species of eriophyoid mites from Hainan, China are described and illustrated in this paper: Dicoxiseta Wang, Tan & Yang, gen. nov., D. litsea Wang, Tan & Yang, sp. nov. infesting Litsea monopetala(Roxb.) Pers.(Lauraceae), Eriophyes casearius Wang, Yang & Tan, sp. nov. infesting Casearia glomerata Roxb.(Flacourtiaceae), Phyllocoptruta alstonia Wang, Gu & Tan, sp. nov. infesting Alstonia scholaris(L.) R. Br.(Apocynaceae) and Aculus paederius Wang, Gu & Tan, sp. nov. infesting Paederia scandens(Lour.) Merr.(Rubiaceae). Tegolophus artocarpi Keifer, 1977 is newly recorded from China. E. casearius Wang, Yang & Tan, sp. nov. distorts severely new foliage of its host plant. Three species, P. alstonia Wang, Gu & Tan, sp. nov., A. paederius Wang, Gu & Tan, sp. nov. and T. artocarpi, cause rust on the undersurfaces of host plants, while D. litsea Wang, Tan & Yang, sp. nov. is a vagrant on the undersurface of host plant leaves, without visible symptom.     

中国四川西部阳蝇属4新种(双翅目:蝇科)

记述蝇科(Muscidae)棘蝇亚科(Phaoniinae)棘蝇族(Phaoniini)中的阳蝇属(HelinaRobineau-Desvoidy,1830)4新种:四方阳蝇(Helina quadratasp.nov.),团宝山阳蝇(Helina tuanbaoshanicasp.nov.),短叶阳蝇(Helina pedanasp.nov.),二郎山阳蝇(Helina erlangshannasp.nov.)。模式标本存于军事医学科学院微生物流行病研究所医学昆虫标本馆。     

中国鮡属鱼类二新种记述(鲇形目:鮡科)

本文报道在四川西部收集的鮡科鱼类标本中,发现有鮡属(Pareuchiloglanis)的壮体鮡,新种P.robusta sp.nov.和四川鮡,新种P.sichuanensis sp.nov.,对二新种的形态特征作了详细描述,并与相近种的主要性状列表进行比较。     

Correction to: Micropropagation of tree peony (Paeonia sect. Moutan): A review

Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture (PCTOC) - The list of authors and affiliations in the original article was incomplete. The correct information is shown here.     

A new taxonomic status for Iberoformica (Hymenoptera,Formicidae) based on the use of molecular markers

The subgeneric subdivision of the genus Formica is still open. In this article, we make a phylogenetic study on several species of the genus Formica and of its closely related genera, Polyergus and Proformica, using sequences of nuclear satellite DNA (stDNA) and the mitochondrial rrnL as molecular markers. Our goal was to shed light on their phylogenetic relationships and particularly on the systematic position of F. subrufa. This species was first included in the subgenus Serviformica, but afterwards a new subgenus (Iberoformica) was established to include only this species. The results show that a stDNA family previously reported in Formica species, with a repetitive unit 129 bp long, is also found in Polyergus rufescens and P. samurai but not in Proformica longiseta. This is the first case of presence of a stDNA family in two different ant genera. In F. subrufa, this stDNA is very divergent relative to those isolated in the remaining Formica species and in the genus Polyergus. The Bayesian analysis of mitochondrial rrnL sequences shows three highly supported groups: F. subrufa, the remaining Formica species studied, and the genus Polyergus, suggesting that parasites (Polyergus species) and hosts (Formica species) are closely related but not sibling species. The combined analysis of nuclear stDNA sequences and mitochondrial rrnL showed their phylogenetic congruence despite their distinct evolutionary dynamics. This analysis did not discriminate between the remaining Formica species that were not grouped according to the subgeneric classification. According to these results, it can no longer be assumed that F. subrufa belongs to the subgenus Serviformica or of the fusca species group. This differentiation was also supported by previous studies based on the morphological characters, molecular and cytogenetic data. Therefore, taking into consideration these arguments and others explained in detail in this article, we propose that the taxon Iberoformica, formerly synonymized subgenus, be raised to a genus status. This genus would be monotypic and only composed, up to the moment, by Iberoformica subrufa (= F. subrufa Roger, 1859 ).     

眼蝶科一新种记述（鳞翅目）

暗色的种类,斑纹简单明显。翅正面谈揭色;外缘毛褐色,前翅亚项区及后缘Cu2与a室色较深;前翅正中有一孤立的斜心脏形黑色大斑,斑在Cu脉上,一半在中室端部,一半在中室下方。翅反面满布褐色霜雾状坟;外缘深揭色;前翅正中的黑斑隐约可见。     

四川女贞属(Ligustrum)一新变种

发表了女贞属一新变种