嗜热芽孢杆菌XJT—9503高温中性蛋白酶的研究

嗜热芽孢杆菌ＸＪＴ－９５０３菌的发酵液经硫酸铵和丙酮分级沉淀分离纯化得到聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳均一的高温中性蛋白酶制品。ＳＤＳ－ＰＡＧＥ则得酶分子量为３００００。当以酪蛋白为底物时,酶反应最适温度为６５℃,最适ＰＨ为７,在ＰＨ６．５－９范围内稳定。在６５℃、０．０２ＭＰＨ７．５的磷酸缓冲液中的半衰期为５４ｍｉｎ。金属离了铜、汞、铝强列抑制酶活,钙离子、镁离子对酶活有促进作用     

嗜热芽孢杆菌XJT9503高温中性蛋白酶的研究──Ⅰ．XJT9503菌的特性

从新疆吐鲁番盆地土壤里分离到一株嗜热芽孢杆菌,代号ＸＪＴ９５０３．能产生胞外高温中性蛋白酶,该菌在旋转式摇床上１１０ｒ／ｍｉｎ,４５℃下培养６０小时,发酵液产酶为５６００单位／ｍｌ,但在４５℃静止培养产酶可达７４００单位／ｍｌ,Ｃａ２＋、Ｍｇ２＋对产酶有明显促进作用,Ｃｕ２＋等抑制产酶。     

嗜热脂肪芽孢杆菌高温中性蛋白酶在枯草芽孢杆菌中的表达、纯化及其酶学性质的研究

本文中嗜热脂肪芽孢杆菌(B. stearothermophilus)的高温中性蛋白酶基因在sacB基因启动子的调控下, 以蛋白酶自身或sacB基因的序列为信号肽, 分别实现了在枯草芽孢杆菌DB104中的高效表达. 表达产物经纯化后, 酶的比活力可达16530 U/mg, 纯化倍数达到3.8倍, 分子量约为35 kD. 对酶学性质的研究结果表明, 此酶的最适反应温度为65℃, 最适作用pH为7.5, 在65℃下反应1 h后, 仍可保留约80%的活力.     

嗜热脂肪芽孢杆菌高温蛋白酶的产生条件及酶学性质

对嗜热脂肪芽孢杆菌(Bacillusstearothermophilis)WF146的产蛋白酶的条件进行了研究,在58℃条件下,WF146在pH值为75的Fd培养基中振荡发酵培养48h后,发酵液中高温蛋白酶产量可达600u/mL以上。对该酶性质的研究表明,酶分子量为34kD,最适作用pH为80,最适作用温度为80℃,具有良好的pH稳定性及热稳定性。Ca2+对该酶的稳定性具有重要影响,PMSF、DFP及IAA能强烈抑制酶活力,而DTT对该蛋白酶活力无影响     

地衣芽孢杆菌碱性蛋白酶的研究Ⅱ碱性蛋白酶的提纯和性质研究

地衣芽孢杆菌（Ｂａｃｉｌｌｕｓ ｌｉｃｈｅｎｉｆｏｒｍｉｓ）Ｂ．Ｌ ＪＦ－１ｄ三级发酵的发酵液经离心去菌体,（ＮＨ４）２ＳＯ４分段盐析,透析后进行Ｓｅｐｈａｄｅｘ Ｇ－１００柱层析得粗酶制剂。比活力从１８７８Ｕ／ｍｇ提高到６７９５Ｕ／ｍｇ,酶活力回收率为３５．３％。该酶水解酷蛋白的最适反应温度为５５℃,最适ｐＨ为１０．５,具有较高的热稳定性,对ＳＤＳ有较强的耐受性。     

嗜热脂肪土芽孢杆菌CHB1产蛋白酶特性

目的：研究嗜热脂肪土芽孢杆菌CHBl产酶特性。方法：以蛋白酶活力为主要指标,考察温度、pH、接种量、装量等条件对CHB1产蛋白酶的影响。结果：CHB1适宜的产蛋白酶条件为：装量40mLt250mL,pH8．0,接种量5％,温度58℃,转速180r／min,时间36～44h,Tween-80对CHB1产蛋白酶具有抑制作用。结论：优化后蛋白酶产量有较大提高,最高酶活力达48U／mL,是所报道多数嗜热细菌产蛋白酶量的2—12倍。CHB1蛋白酶特性的研究及产蛋白酶量的提高,有利于揭示CHB1在堆肥化中的作用机理,提高堆肥效果。     

菜心溶菌酶的提纯及酶学性质

菜心叶子高速捣碎后,滤液经酸碱处理,硫酸铵分步沉淀,凝胶柱层析等步聚分离纯化溶菌酶,酶比活力达３４１４．６Ｕ／ｍｇ,纯化倍数为１９７．４。菜心溶菌酶在较宽的温度或ｐＨ值范围均有活性,最适温度６０℃,最适ｐＨ值为５．８,底物Ｋｍ值为８７μｇ／ｍＬ。该酶对热和酸碱的稳定性较高,巯基和酪氨酸残基不是该酶活性中心的必需基团。     

短芽孢杆菌低温弹性蛋白酶酶学特性分析

旨在从短芽孢杆菌(Bacillus brevis)XZE116发酵液中分离纯化低温弹性蛋白酶,并对酶学性质进行研究。利用硫酸铵分级盐析、DEAE-Sepharose阴离子交换层析和Sephadex G-75分子筛凝胶过滤层析等方法进行纯化。结果显示,分离纯化到了均一的酶蛋白,酶纯度提高了37.21倍,回收率为35.3%。SDS-PAGE及Sephadex G-75分子筛凝胶过滤层析显示酶蛋白为单亚基蛋白,分子量是32.6 kD。最适作用温度25℃。在pH7.5-10.5范围内酶活性及稳定性较高,最适作用pH9.0,Mg2+对酶有明显激活作用。丝氨酸蛋白酶特异性抑制剂强烈抑制酶活性,表明所纯化到的弹性蛋白酶属于丝氨酸蛋白酶。酶对阴离子表面活性剂(0.1%SDS)、阳离子表面活性剂(0.1%CTAB)和非离子型表面活性剂(1%Tween80)均具有很强的稳定性。鉴于短芽孢杆菌XZE116弹性蛋白酶具有以上优良酶特性,它在肉品嫩化领域具有潜在的应用价值。     

嗜热脂肪芽孢杆菌HY—69耐热中性蛋白酶的性质研究

嗜热脂肪芽孢杆菌ＨＹ－６９的耐热中性蛋白酶已纯化。研究了纯酶的性质,该酶分子最为２４ｋｄ,由６个构成一个六聚体。酶的等电点９．１５。最适作用ｐＨ为７．５,最适作用温度为８５℃;该酶具有很好的耐热性,９０℃时酶活半寿期为２２ｍｉｎ,８０℃保温３小时,酶活仍保持６３％;酶的ｐＨ稳定性也好,该酶是金属蛋白酶,活性中心含锌离子,酶的热稳定性依赖于钙离子。测定了酶的氨基酸组成和Ｎ末端氨基酸序列。     

耐热芽孢杆菌高温中性蛋白酶制备工艺研究

为使耐热芽孢杆菌(Thermophilic Bacillus)XJT9503高温中性蛋白酶产业化并在生产中应用,对XJT9503高温中性蛋白酶的制备工艺进行了研究.结果表明,可采用加热真空薄膜浓缩,在40℃,-0.094～-0.096MPa真空度下,经过45～55min浓缩,可使发酵处理液浓缩2～3倍,其酶活力仅损失10%左右.确定了采用喷雾干燥法生产固体酶制剂的最优工艺条件进口温度170℃、出口温度75℃、流量30kg*h-1.在此条件下,酶得率为68%.对固体酶与液体酶保存期稳定性的测定结果表明,固体酶的保存效果远比液体酶好,当保存210d时,固体酶制剂的酶活损失仅为2～8%.     

Expression, purification, and characterization of a thermophilic neutral protease from Bacillus stearothermophilus in Bacillus subtilis

The gene coding for a thermophilic neutral protease from Bacillus stearothermophilus was expressed in Bacillus subtilis DB104, under the control of the sacB gene promoter. This was followed by either the native signal peptide sequence of this protease or the signal peptide sequence of the sacB gene. The protease was purified 3.8-fold, with a specific activity of 16530 U mg-1. As analyzed by SDS-PAGE, the molecular mass of the expressed protease was about 35 kDa, and the optimal temperature and pH of the protease were 65℃ and 7.5, respectively. Moreover, it still had about 80% activity after 1 h reaction at 65 ℃ .     

Expression, purification, and characterization of a thermophilic neutral protease from Bacillus stearothermophilus in Bacillus subtilis

The gene coding for a thermophilic neutral protease from Bacillus stearothermophilus was expressed in Bacillus subtilis DB104, under the control of the sacB gene promoter. This was followed by either the native signal peptide sequence of this protease or the signal peptide sequence of the sacB gene. The protease was purified 3.8-fold, with a specific activity of 16530 U mg-1. As analyzed by SDS-PAGE, the molecular mass of the expressed protease was about 35 kDa, and the optimal temperature and pH of the protease were 65℃ and 7.5, respectively. Moreover, it still had about 80% activity after 1 h reaction at 65℃.     

响应面模型分析高温蛋白酶菌株增殖和产酶关系

【目的】【方法】采用Box-Behnken法设计三因素三水平响应面实验,对比分析了高温蛋白酶高产菌株枯草芽孢杆菌BY25发酵过程中细菌生长与产酶之间的关系。【结果】实验表明,细菌生长与产酶的关系在各因素交互影响下变化显著。在中低水平的有机氮源添加条件下,细菌的大量繁殖显著抑制了蛋白酶产量,而在高水平的有机氮源添加条件下,细菌量的增长对产酶的作用由抑制转为促进。【结论】该结果表明,产酶诱导物有机氮源豆制品废渣的添加很可能显著提高了枯草芽孢杆菌群体中产酶菌的比率,而在没有合适诱导物的情况下通过增加细菌量并不能有效提高蛋白酶产量。     

Studies on extracellular and intracellular purified amylases from a thermophilic Bacillus stearothermophilus

Extracellular and intracellular amylases have been purified from a thermophilic Bacillus stearothermophilus and further studies have been made with the purified enzyme. The molecular weights for extra- and intracellular α- and β-amylases were found to be 47 000, 58 000, 39 000 and 67 000, respectively. α-Amylase (1,4-α-d-glucan glucanohydrolase, EC 3.2.1.1) and glucoamylase (1,4-α-d-glucan glucohydrolase, EC 3.2.1.3) were glycoproteins, whereas β-amylase (1,4-α-d-glucan maltohydrolase, EC 3.2.1.2) had little or no carbohydrate moiety. Extracellular FI (α-amylase), FIII (glucoamylase), FIV and FV (α-amylase) had carbohydrate moieties of 14.4, 27.0, 11.0 and 12.5%, respectively, whereas intracellular amylases FI (α-amylase), FII (β-amylase) and FIII (α-amylase) contained 15.2, 0.8 and 13.4% carbohydrate, respectively. The amino acid profile of the amylase protein digest showed a total number of 16 amino acids with aspartic acid showing the highest value followed by glutamic acid and leucine plus isoleucine. Compared to other thermostable amylases, proline and histidine contents were low. Both α- and β- amylase had the - SH group at their active site, which was essential for enzyme activity. EDTA and parachloromercuribenzoate exhibited dose dependent non-competitive inhibition of enzyme activity indicating the involvement of a divalent cation and the - SH group for activity.     

A novel thermostable lipase from a thermophilic Bacillus sp.: characterization and esterification studies

An extracellular, thermostable, alkaline lipase was partially purified from a thermophilic Bacillus strain J 33. It was optimally active at pH 8.0 at 60°C, retaining 50% activity at 70°C for 30 min. It had native molecular mass of 45 kDa. The lipase was stable in 90% (v/v) hexane or benzene mixtures in water. It converted 66% oleic acid at 0.25 M with 0.4 M methanol in hexane to methyl oleate at 60°C in 16 h. Activity was stimulated by Mg2 (10 mM) but inhibited by EDTA (10 mM) and PMSF (10 mM). It was stable in Triton X-100, Tween 20 and Tween 80 (0.1% v/v). © Rapid Science Ltd. 1998     

A thermostable lipolytic enzyme from a thermophilic Bacillus sp.: Purification and characterization

A thermophilic Bacillus sp. was isolated that secreted an extracellular, thermostable lipolytic enzyme. The enzyme was purified to 58 folds with a specific activity of 9730 units/mg of protein and yield of 10% activity by ammonium sulphate precipitation, Phenyl Sepharose chromatography, gel-permeation followed by Q Sepharose chromatography. The relative molecular mass of the protein was determined to be 61 kDa by SDS-PAGE and approximately 60 kDa by gel permeation chromatography. The enzyme showed optimal activity at 60–65 ^∘C and retained 100% activity after incubation at 60 ^∘C and pH 8.0 for 1 h. The optimum pH was determined to be 8.5. It exhibited 50% of its original activity after 65 min incubation at 70 ^∘C and 23 min incubation at 80 ^∘C. Catalytic function of lipase was activated by Mg⁺⁺ (10 mM), while mercury (10 mM) inactivated the enzyme completely. No effect on enzyme activity was observed with trypsin and chymotrypsin treatment, while 50% inhibition was observed with thermolysin. It was demonstrated that PMSF, SDS, DTT, EDTA, DEPC, βME (100 mM each) and eserine (10 mM) inhibited the activity of the lipolytic enzyme. With p-nitrophenyl laurate as a substrate, the enzyme exhibited a K _m and V _max of 0.5 mM and 0.139 μM/min/ml. The enzyme showed preference for short chain triacylglycerol and hydrolyzes triolein at all positions. In contrast to other thermostable Bacillus lipases, this enzyme has very low content of hydrophobic amino acids (22.58 %). Immunological studies showed that the active site and antigen-binding site of enzyme do not overlap.