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1.
Vilson Mirdita Guozheng Liu Yusheng Zhao Thomas Miedaner C. Friedrich H. Longin Manje Gowda Michael Florian Mette Jochen C. Reif 《BMC genomics》2015,16(1)
Background
Fusarium head blight (FHB) and Septoria tritici blotch (STB) severely impair wheat production. With the aim to further elucidate the genetic architecture underlying FHB and STB resistance, we phenotyped 1604 European wheat hybrids and their 135 parental lines for FHB and STB disease severities and determined genotypes at 17,372 single-nucleotide polymorphic loci.Results
Cross-validated association mapping revealed the absence of large effect QTL for both traits. Genomic selection showed a three times higher prediction accuracy for FHB than STB disease severity for test sets largely unrelated to the training sets.Conclusions
Our findings suggest that the genetic architecture is less complex and, hence, can be more properly tackled to perform accurate prediction for FHB than STB disease severity. Consequently, FHB disease severity is an interesting model trait to fine-tune genomic selection models exploiting beyond relatedness also knowledge of the genetic architecture.Electronic supplementary material
The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12864-015-1628-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. 相似文献2.
Ayla Schilly Peter Risser Erhard Ebmeyer Lorenz Hartl Jochen C. Reif Tobias Würschum Thomas Miedaner 《Journal of Phytopathology》2011,159(6):411-416
Septoria tritici blotch (STB) is one of the most important leaf diseases in wheat worldwide. Objectives of this study were (i) to compare inoculation and natural infection; (ii) to evaluate the level of adult‐plant resistance to STB using four isolates; and (iii) to analyse environmental stability of 24 winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) varieties in inoculated vs. non‐inoculated field trials across 3 years including nine environments (location × year combinations). Field trials were sown in split‐plot design inoculated with four aggressive isolates of S. tritici plus one non‐inoculated variant as main factor and 24 wheat varieties as subfactor. Septoria tritici blotch severity was visually scored as percentage flag leaves covered with lesions bearing pycnidia. Overall STB rating ranged from 8% (Solitär) to 63% (Rubens) flag leaf area affected, resulting in significant (P < 0.01) genotypic variance. Variance of genotype × environment interaction amounted to approximately 50% of the genotypic variance. Genotype × isolate interaction variance was significant too (P < 0.01) but of minor importance. Therefore, environmental stability of varieties should be a major breeding goal. The varieties Solitär, History and Florett were most resistant and stable as revealed by a regression approach, and the susceptible varieties were generally unstable. Hence, STB resistance and stability are correlated (P < 0.01), but there were some exceptions (Tuareg, Ambition). Promising candidates for an environmentally stable, effective adult‐plant resistance have been identified. 相似文献
3.
Cristina A. Cordo Cecilia I. Monaco Carmen I. Segarra María R. Simon Andrea Y. Mansilla Analía E. Perelló 《Biocontrol Science and Technology》2007,17(7):687-698
Leaf blotch of wheat is a widespread and highly active disease that affects wheat production. In addition to the use of chemicals and proper cultivation methods, microbial antagonists are used to control plant pathogens. Trichoderma spp. stimulate a systemic induced response in plants. Therefore, the efficacy of Trichoderma spp. against wheat leaf blotch was evaluated under greenhouse conditions. The susceptible plants were sprayed with Septoria tritici conidiospores. In order to select an efficient method of pretreatment with Trichoderma spp., leaf spraying and seed coating with 14 isolates were tested in 2003 and 2004. The extent of leaf necrosis area and pycnidial coverage was estimated. Antagonism was assessed by the capacity of each Trichoderma spp. isolate to restrict the progress of leaf blotch, 21 days after inoculation. Of the two methods, seed coating was more efficacious against leaf blotch than leaf spraying. Amongst the 14 isolates tested, the isolate prepared from T. harzianum (Th5) produced the highest level of protection. None of the treatments caused changes in plant stem diameter or dry weight. Trichoderma spp. did not get into leaves while S. tritici was present, even in asymptomatic leaf extracts. In addition, the leaf apoplast antifungal proteolytic activity was measured in plants 7, 15, and 22 days after sowing. This antifungal action decreased in plants only inoculated with S. tritici, but increased in those grown from seeds coated with the T. harzianum (Th5) isolate. This increase conferred resistance to the susceptible wheat cultivar. The endogenous germin-like protease inhibitor coordinated the proteolytic action. These results suggest that T. harzianum stimulates a biochemical systemic induced response against leaf blotch. 相似文献
4.
Thomas Miedaner Yusheng Zhao Manje Gowda C Friedrich H Longin Viktor Korzun Erhard Ebmeyer Ebrahim Kazman Jochen C Reif 《BMC genomics》2013,14(1)
Background
Septoria tritici blotch is an important leaf disease of European winter wheat. In our survey, we analyzed Septoria tritici blotch resistance in field trials with a large population of 1,055 elite hybrids and their 87 parental lines. Entries were fingerprinted with the 9 k SNP array. The accuracy of prediction of Septoria tritici blotch resistance achieved with different genome-wide mapping approaches was evaluated based on robust cross validation scenarios.Results
Septoria tritici blotch disease severities were normally distributed, with genotypic variation being significantly (P < 0.01) larger than zero. The cross validation study revealed an absence of large effect QTL for additive and dominance effects. Application of genomic selection approaches particularly designed to tackle complex agronomic traits allowed to double the accuracy of prediction of Septoria tritici blotch resistance compared to calculation methods suited to detect QTL with large effects.Conclusions
Our study revealed that Septoria tritici blotch resistance in European winter wheat is controlled by multiple loci with small effect size. This suggests that the currently achieved level of resistance in this collection is likely to be durable, as involvement of a high number of genes in a resistance trait reduces the risk of the resistance to be overcome by specific pathogen isolates or races.Electronic supplementary material
The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/1471-2164-14-858) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. 相似文献5.
Amir Mirzadi Gohari Sarah B. Ware Alexander H. J. Wittenberg Rahim Mehrabi Sarrah Ben M'Barek Els C. P. Verstappen Theo A. J. van der Lee Olivier Robert Henk J. Schouten Pierre P. J. G. M. de Wit Gert H. J. Kema 《Molecular Plant Pathology》2015,16(9):931-945
Fungal plant pathogens, such as Zymoseptoria tritici (formerly known as Mycosphaerella graminicola), secrete repertoires of effectors to facilitate infection or trigger host defence mechanisms. The discovery and functional characterization of effectors provides valuable knowledge that can contribute to the design of new and effective disease management strategies. Here, we combined bioinformatics approaches with expression profiling during pathogenesis to identify candidate effectors of Z. tritici. In addition, a genetic approach was conducted to map quantitative trait loci (QTLs) carrying putative effectors, enabling the validation of both complementary strategies for effector discovery. In planta expression profiling revealed that candidate effectors were up‐regulated in successive waves corresponding to consecutive stages of pathogenesis, contrary to candidates identified by QTL mapping that were, overall, expressed at low levels. Functional analyses of two top candidate effectors (SSP15 and SSP18) showed their dispensability for Z. tritici pathogenesis. These analyses reveal that generally adopted criteria, such as protein size, cysteine residues and expression during pathogenesis, may preclude an unbiased effector discovery. Indeed, genetic mapping of genomic regions involved in specificity render alternative effector candidates that do not match the aforementioned criteria, but should nevertheless be considered as promising new leads for effectors that are crucial for the Z. tritici–wheat pathosystem. 相似文献
6.
L. S. Arraiano A. J. Worland C. Ellerbrook J. K. M. Brown 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》2001,103(5):758-764
Septoria tritici blotch, caused by the fungus Mycosphaerella graminicola,is currently the major foliar disease of wheat world-wide, and new sources of resistance and knowledge about the genetics
of resistance are needed to improve breeding for resistance to this disease. Sears’s ’Synthetic 6x’ hexaploid wheat, derived from a hybrid of Triticum dicoccoides and Triticum tauschii, was resistant to 12 of 13 isolates of M. graminicola tested. Chromosome 7D of ’Synthetic 6x’ was identified as carrying resistance to all 12 isolates in tests of seedlings of inter-varietal chromosome substitution
lines of ’Synthetic 6x’ into ’Chinese Spring’ and to two isolates in tests of adult plants. A septoria tritici blotch resistance gene, named Stb5, was identified using the M. graminicola isolate IPO94269 and mapped on the short arm of chromosome 7D, near the centromere, in a population of single homozygous
chromosome-recombinant lines for the 7D chromosome.
Received: 1 February 2001 / Accepted: 17 April 2001 相似文献
7.
ATP prevents Woronin bodies from sealing septal pores in unwounded cells of the fungus Zymoseptoria tritici 下载免费PDF全文
Gero Steinberg Martin Schuster Christian Hacker Sreedhar Kilaru Ana Correia 《Cellular microbiology》2017,19(11)
Septa of filamentous ascomycetes are perforated by septal pores that allow communication between individual hyphal compartments. Upon injury, septal pores are plugged rapidly by Woronin bodies (WBs), thereby preventing extensive cytoplasmic bleeding. The mechanism by which WBs translocate into the pore is not known, but it has been suggested that wound‐induced cytoplasmic bleeding “flushes” WBs into the septal opening. Alternatively, contraction of septum‐associated tethering proteins may pull WBs into the septal pore. Here, we investigate WB dynamics in the wheat pathogen Zymoseptoria tritici. Ultrastructural studies showed that 3.4 ± 0.2 WBs reside on each side of a septum and that single WBs of 128.5 ± 3.6 nm in diameter seal the septal pore (41 ± 1.5 nm). Live cell imaging of green fluorescent ZtHex1, a major protein in WBs, and the integral plasma membrane protein ZtSso1 confirms WB translocation into the septal pore. This was associated with the occasional formation of a plasma membrane “balloon,” extruding into the dead cell, suggesting that the plasma membrane rapidly seals the wounded septal pore wound. Minor amounts of fluorescent ZtHex1‐enhanced green fluorescent protein (eGFP) appeared associated with the “ballooning” plasma membrane, indicating that cytoplasmic ZtHex1‐eGFP is recruited to the extending plasma membrane. Surprisingly, in ~15% of all cases, WBs moved from the ruptured cell into the septal pore. This translocation against the cytoplasmic flow suggests that an active mechanism drives WB plugging. Indeed, treatment of unwounded and intact cells with the respiration inhibitor carbonyl cyanide m‐chlorophenyl hydrazone induced WB translocation into the pores. Moreover, carbonyl cyanide m‐chlorophenyl hydrazone treatment recruited cytoplasmic ZtHex1‐eGFP to the lateral plasma membrane of the cells. Thus, keeping the WBs out of the septal pores, in Z. tritici, is an ATP‐dependent process. 相似文献
8.
Nitrogen (N) fertilization is required for achieving high yields in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) but may enhance the development of Septoria tritici Rob. ex Desm. A study was undertaken to investigate how N supply influences the area under disease progress curve (AUDPC). Two field experiments were carried out in a typical argiudol in 1996 and 1997. Six cultivars were grown at two N treatments (0 and 100–150 kg N/ha) in a split plot design. Percentage of necrosis (severity) of the two upper leaves of each treatment was evaluated three times during the growing season. Height and heading date were also scored and related to the resistance level. In 1996, with weather conditions conducive to the disease, AUDPC values were higher in the fertilized treatment. In 1997, with insufficient rain immediately after inoculation, the disease only progressed faster under N fertilization in the flag leaf, which was exposed to conducive environmental conditions from its appearance. The effect of N fertilization was influenced by the cultivar characteristics, climatic and agronomic conditions. Knowledge that N fertilization promotes the development of S. tritici in conducive conditions will be useful for deciding management strategies of the cultivars and for optimizing conditions for the selection in breeding programmes. 相似文献
9.
10.
Comparative transcriptomic analyses of Zymoseptoria tritici strains show complex lifestyle transitions and intraspecific variability in transcription profiles 下载免费PDF全文
Javier Palma‐Guerrero Stefano F. F. Torriani Marcello Zala Dee Carter Mikaël Courbot Jason J. Rudd Bruce A. McDonald Daniel Croll 《Molecular Plant Pathology》2016,17(6):845-859
11.
P GLADDERS N D PAVELEY I A BARRIE N V HARDWICK M J HIMS S LANGTON M C TAYLOR 《The Annals of applied biology》2001,138(3):301-311
Factors affecting the severity of leaf blotch on the two upper leaves of wheat plants in crops at the milky ripe growth stage (GS 73–75) were investigated using survey data from 3513 randomly selected wheat crops sampled during 1985–1996. Year‐to‐year variation in disease severity was greater than spatial variability at county level, although both showed significant differences. The presence of disease above a 5% severity threshold was modelled using random effects logistic regression (Generalised Linear Mixed Model), which enabled risk variables measured at the field level to be combined with meteorological variables estimated at county level. The final model included terms for the fixed effects of disease resistance rating, date of sowing, high risk septoria periods in May and June, number of fungicide sprays and number of days with frost (≤‐2°C) in November. The percentage of crops above the threshold decreased with later sowing, increased number of November frost days and increased number of fungicide sprays. In contrast, high risk septoria periods (rain splash events) in May and June showed a positive correlation with the percentage of crops above the threshold. There were benefits from using resistant cultivars. The model showed that a range of risk variables were of broadly equivalent importance in determining the development of leaf blotch. These risk variables should be integrated in any scheme designed to support fungicide use decisions. 相似文献
12.
M. Hassine A. Siah P. Hellin T. Cadalen P. Halama J.-L. Hilbert W. Hamada M. Baraket A. Yahyaoui A. Legrève M. Duvivier 《Fungal biology》2019,123(10):763-772
Septoria tritici blotch (STB) caused by the heterothallic ascomycete Zymoseptoria tritici is currently one of the most devastating diseases of wheat worldwide. The extent of sexual reproduction of this pathogen is well documented on bread wheat, but not on durum wheat. The objective of the present study was to quantify the occurrence of Z. tritici sexual reproduction on durum wheat in the Tunisian environment. The assessment was undertaken using a triple approach combining fruiting body assessment, ascospore trapping and population genetic analyses. The results highlighted the formation of pseudothecia on leaves and stubble from the autumn until the end of the growing season. Likewise, qPCR monitoring highlighted a constant release of Z. tritici airborne inoculum during the wheat-growing season, with a peak of production at the end of the season. Genetic investigations using microsatellites revealed high levels of gene and genotypic diversities, an equal distribution of mating types, and a lack of genetic clustering within and between growing seasons. Taken together, these findings indicate that Z. tritici undergoes sexual reproduction on durum wheat in Tunisia at least to the same extent than on bread wheat in Western Europe, and that the dry and warm climate does not affect the mating process of the fungus. Frequent occurrence of sexual reproduction is a valuable knowledge to take into account in STB control strategies on durum wheat. 相似文献
13.
Christopher Stephens Fatih Ölmez Hannah Blyth Megan McDonald Anuradha Bansal Emine Burcu Turgay Florian Hahn Cyrille Saintenac Vladimir Nekrasov Peter Solomon Andrew Milgate Bart Fraaije Jason Rudd Kostya Kanyuka 《Molecular Plant Pathology》2021,22(9):1121-1133
Septoria tritici blotch (STB), caused by the fungus Zymoseptoria tritici, is one of the most economically important diseases of wheat. Recently, both factors of a gene-for-gene interaction between Z. tritici and wheat, the wheat receptor-like kinase Stb6 and the Z. tritici secreted effector protein AvrStb6, have been identified. Previous analyses revealed a high diversity of AvrStb6 haplotypes present in earlier Z. tritici isolate collections, with up to c.18% of analysed isolates possessing the avirulence isoform of AvrStb6 identical to that originally identified in the reference isolate IPO323. With Stb6 present in many commercial wheat cultivars globally, we aimed to assess potential changes in AvrStb6 genetic diversity and the incidence of haplotypes allowing evasion of Stb6-mediated resistance in more recent Z. tritici populations. Here we show, using targeted resequencing of AvrStb6, that this gene is universally present in field isolates sampled from major wheat-growing regions of the world in 2013–2017. However, in contrast to the data from previous AvrStb6 population studies, we report a complete absence of the originally described avirulence isoform of AvrStb6 amongst modern Z. tritici isolates. Moreover, a remarkably small number of haplotypes, each encoding AvrStb6 protein isoforms conditioning virulence on Stb6-containing wheat, were found to predominate among modern Z. tritici isolates. A single virulence isoform of AvrStb6 was found to be particularly abundant throughout the global population. These findings indicate that, despite the ability of Z. tritici to sexually reproduce on resistant hosts, AvrStb6 avirulence haplotypes tend to be eliminated in subsequent populations. 相似文献
14.
W. Wicki M. Winzeler J. E. Schmid P. Stamp M. Messmer 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》1999,99(7-8):1265-1272
Sixteen crosses between eight winter wheat cultivars were screened for resistance to Septoria nodorum leaf and glume blotch in the F1 and F4 generations using artificial inoculation in the field. The F1 of most crosses showed dominance for susceptibility on both ear and leaf. The effects of general combining ability were of
similar magnitude as the effects for specific combining ability. On the basis of the phenotypic difference of the parents,
no prediction was possible about the amount and the direction of genetic variance in the segregating populations. The variation
observed in this study both within and among the segregating populations suggests a quantitative inheritance pattern influencing
the expression of the two traits. The components of variance between F2 families within a population were as high as (for S. nodorum blotch on the ear) or higher (for S. nodorum blotch on the leaf) than those between populations. Therefore, strong selection within a few populations may be as effective
to obtain new resistant genotypes as selection in a large number of populations. In almost all crosses, progenies were found
that were more resistant than the better parent. Thus transgression breeding may be a tool to breed for higher levels of resistance
to S. nodorum blotch. Highly resistant genotypes were found even in combination with two susceptible parents. The genetic source for Septoria resistance is probably broader than is generally assumed and could be used to improve S. nodorum resistance by combination breeding followed by strong selection in large populations.
Received: 18 January / Accepted: 30 April 1999 相似文献
15.
W. Wicki M. Messmer M. Winzeler P. Stamp J. E. Schmid 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》1999,99(7-8):1273-1280
This study was carried out to develop an in vitro test for the identification of genotypes resistant to Septoria nodorum blotch. The basis for this project was a previous study in which a crude extract of S. nodorum was used as a selective agent (Keller et al. 1994). It was possible to distinguish resistant and susceptible cultivars in
an in vitro test with zygotic embryos. In our project we wanted to test whether this in vitro test can also be used to detect
resistant and susceptible genotypes in early segregating populations. Specific crosses between eight winter wheat lines showing
contrasting resistance reaction for S. nodorum blotch on leaves and ears were made. The resistance level of both leaf and ear was evaluated after artificial inoculation
in the field for the parental lines, the F1 progenies, as well as for segregating F3 and F4 populations. In addition, this plant material was tested in vitro using methods similar to those described by Keller et al.
(1994), i.e. culturing immature zygotic embryos and mature seeds on selective media. A good agreement between in vitro screening
and field resistance on the ear was found for the parental lines, the F1 and F4 generation but not for the F3 generations. This leads to the conclusion that the in vitro screening might be integrated into wheat breeding programs. Populations
showing a high susceptibility to the pathogen metabolites in vitro could be discarded. Another promising implementation for
wheat breeding would be the screening of advanced breeding material or candidate partners in a crossing program for resistance
on the ear. However, the in vitro screening is not precise enough to select single plants in early segregating populations.
Received: 18 January 1999 / Accepted: 30 April 1999 相似文献
16.
Shetty NP Mehrabi R Lütken H Haldrup A Kema GH Collinge DB Jørgensen HJ 《The New phytologist》2007,174(3):637-647
Hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)) is reported to inhibit biotrophic but benefit necrotrophic pathogens. Infection by necrotrophs can result in a massive accumulation of H(2)O(2) in hosts. Little is known of how pathogens with both growth types are affected (hemibiotrophs). The hemibiotroph, Septoria tritici, infecting wheat (Triticum aestivum) is inhibited by H(2)O(2) during the biotrophic phase, but a large H(2)O(2) accumulation occurs in the host during reproduction. Here, we infiltrated catalase, H(2)O(2) or water into wheat during the biotrophic or the necrotrophic phase of S. tritici and studied the effect of infection on host physiology to get an understanding of the survival strategy of the pathogen. H(2)O(2) removal by catalase at both early and late stages made plants more susceptible, whereas H(2)O(2) made them more resistant. H(2)O(2) is harmful to S. tritici throughout its life cycle, but it can be tolerated. The late accumulation of H(2)O(2) is unlikely to result from down-regulation of photosynthesis, but probably originates from damage to the peroxisomes during the general tissue collapse, which is accompanied by release of soluble sugars in a susceptible cultivar. 相似文献
17.
Paweł Częstobor Czembor Magdalena Radecka‐Janusik Dariusz Mańkowski 《Journal of Phytopathology》2011,159(3):146-154
The virulence spectrum of 23 monopycnidiospore isolates of Mycosphaerella graminicola was determined using wheat genotypes that carried different resistance genes (Stb1–Stb8 and Stb15). Disease severity was measured as the percentage of necrotic leaf area. The isolates used in the experiments were of diverse origin: eight from Poland, seven from Germany, and eight from other countries around the world. Analysis of variance revealed significant differences in the virulence of the isolates. Using multiple regression and Cook’s D statistic, 26 significant cultivar × isolate interactions were detected. The Israeli isolate IPO86036 showed the widest spectrum of specific reactions. It expressed specific virulence on at least four cultivars and specific avirulence on at least three. The other isolates showed specific interactions with 1–6 different cultivars. Despite the limited number of isolates that were tested, we recommend that a number of resistant lines, namely cultivars Veranopolis (Stb2), Cs/Synthetic 7D (Stb5), Arina (Stb15, Stb6 and partial resistance), and Liwilla (unknown resistance factors), could be incorporated into central European wheat breeding programmes that are aimed at developing resistance against septoria tritici blotch. In contrast, resistance gene Stb7, which is carried by cultivar Estanzuela Federal, was ineffective against most of the isolates that were used. These results on the virulence spectrum of M. graminicola isolates provide valuable information for effective wheat breeding programmes to develop resistance to the pathogen. 相似文献
18.
The severity of wheat diseases increases when plants and pathogens are acclimatized to elevated carbon dioxide 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1 下载免费PDF全文
Zsolt Váry Ewen Mullins Jennifer C. McElwain Fiona M. Doohan 《Global Change Biology》2015,21(7):2661-2669
Wheat diseases present a constant and evolving threat to food security. We have little understanding as to how increased atmospheric carbon dioxide levels will affect wheat diseases and thus the security of grain supply. Atmospheric CO2 exceeded the 400 ppmv benchmark in 2013 and is predicted to double or even treble by the end of the century. This study investigated the impact of both pathogen and wheat acclimation to elevated CO2 on the development of Fusarium head blight (FHB) and Septoria tritici blotch (STB) disease of wheat. Here, plants and pathogens were cultivated under either 390 or 780 ppmv CO2 for a period (two wheat generations, multiple pathogen subcultures) prior to standard disease trials. Acclimation of pathogens and the wheat cultivar Remus to elevated CO2 increased the severity of both STB and FHB diseases, relative to ambient conditions. The effect of CO2 on disease development was greater for FHB than for STB. The highest FHB disease levels and associated yield losses were recorded for elevated CO2‐acclimated pathogen on elevated CO2‐acclimated wheat. When similar FHB experiments were conducted using the disease‐resistant cultivar CM82036, pathogen acclimation significantly enhanced disease levels and yield loss under elevated CO2 conditions, thereby indicating a reduction in the effectiveness of the defence pathways innate to this wheat cultivar. We conclude that acclimation to elevated CO2 over the coming decades will have a significant influence on the outcome of plant–pathogen interactions and the durability of disease resistance. 相似文献
19.
R. Raman A. W. Milgate M. Imtiaz M.-K. Tan H. Raman C. Lisle N. Coombes P. Martin 《Molecular breeding : new strategies in plant improvement》2009,24(2):153-164
Septoria tritici blotch (STB) caused by Mycosphaerella graminicola (anamorph: Septoria tritici), is one of the most important foliar diseases of wheat. We assessed three doubled-haploid (DH) populations derived from
Chara (STB-susceptible)/WW2449 (STB-resistant), Whistler (STB-susceptible)/WW1842 (STB-resistant) and Krichauff (STB susceptible)/WW2451
(STB-resistant) for resistance to a single-pycnidium isolate 79.2.1A of M. graminicola at the seedling stage. STB resistance in each of the three DH populations was conditioned by a single major gene designated
as StbWW2449, StbWW1842 and StbWW2451. Linkage analyses and physical mapping indicated that the StbWW loci were located on the short arm of chromosome 1B (IBS). Four simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers linked with STB resistance:
Xwmc230, Xbarc119b, Xksum045 and Xbarc008 were located to the distal bin of 1BS.sat1BS-4 (FL: 0.52–1.00) in the 1BS physical map. Xwmc230, Xbarc119b and Xksum045 markers, mapped within 7 cM from StbWW were validated for their linkage and predicted the STB resistance with over 94% accuracy in the 79 advanced breeding lines
having WW2449 as one of the parents. The marker interval Xwmc230/Xksum045-Xbarc119b also explained up to 38% of the phenotypic variance at the adult plant stage in all three DH mapping populations. These results
have proven that SSR markers are useful in monitoring STB resistance both at seedling and adult plant stages and hence are
suitable for routine marker-assisted selection in the wheat breeding programs.
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. 相似文献