粪菌移植治疗儿童难治性功能性便秘4例

目的观察粪菌移植对儿童难治性功能性便秘的临床疗效并探讨其机制。方法对4例临床确诊为难治性功能性便秘患儿给予粪菌移植治疗,观察和记录患儿临床症状改善情况并收集供体和粪菌移植治疗前后患儿粪便标本,利用Illumina MiSeq测序平台进行16SrRNA测序,并对测序结果进行生物信息学分析。结果 4例患儿接受粪菌移植治疗后排便状况明显改善,大便次数增加、粪便硬度变软、腹部胀痛明显缓解。粪菌移植后,患儿肠道菌群多样性下降,患儿与供体的肠道菌群差异先增大后逐渐缩小。菌群分析显示患儿肠道有害菌受到抑制、有益菌增加。结论粪菌移植可有效改善儿童难治性功能性便秘的临床症状,具有疗程短、治疗方便、无明显不良反应等优点。     

Low Level Engraftment and Improvement following a Single Colonoscopic Administration of Fecal Microbiota to Patients with Ulcerative Colitis

Objective

Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) is an investigational treatment for diseases thought to involve alterations in the intestinal microbiota including ulcerative colitis (UC). Case reports have described therapeutic benefit of FMT in patients with UC, possibly due to changes in the microbiota. We measured the degree to which the transplanted microbiota engraft following FMT in patients with UC using a donor similarity index (DSI).

Methods

Seven patients with mild to moderate UC (UC disease activity index scores 3–10) received a single colonoscopic administration of FMT. Metagenomic sequence data from stool were analyzed using an alignment-free comparison tool, to measure the DSI, and a phylogenetic analysis tool, to characterize taxonomic changes. Clinical, endoscopic, histologic, and fecal calprotectin outcome measures were also collected.

Results

One of 5 patients from whom sequencing data were available achieved the primary endpoint of 50% donor similarity at week 4; an additional 2 patients achieved 40% donor similarity. One patient with 40% donor similarity achieved clinical and histologic remission 1 month after FMT. However, these were lost by 2−3 months, and loss correlated with a decrease in DSI. The remaining patients did not demonstrate clinical response or remission. Histology scores improved in all but 1 patient. No patients remained in remission at 3 months after FMT.

Conclusions

Following a single colonoscopic fecal transplant, a DSI of 40-50% is achieved in about two-thirds of recipients. This level of engraftment correlated with a temporary clinical improvement in only 1/5 patients. Larger sample sizes could further validate this method for measuring engraftment, and changes in transplant frequency or method might improve microbiota engraftment and efficacy.

Trial Registration

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01742754     

Efficacy of faecal microbiota transplantation in Crohn’s disease: a new target treatment?

The efficacy of faecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) in Crohn’s disease (CD) remains unclear due to lack of data. This study aimed to assess the value of FMT in treating CD-related clinical targets. The use of FMT for CD as a registered trial (NCT01793831) was performed between October 2012 and December 2017. Seven therapeutic targets included abdominal pain, diarrhoea, hematochezia, fever, steroid-dependence, enterocutaneous fistula and active perianal fistula. Each target was recorded as 1 (yes) or 0 (no) during the long-term follow-up for each patient. The primary outcome was the rate of improvement in each therapeutic target. Overall, 174 patients completed the follow-up. The median follow-up duration was 43 (interquartile range, 28–59) months. The median score of the total targets was 2 (range, 1–4) before FMT, and it decreased significantly at 1, 3, 6, 12, 24 and 36 months after FMT (P < 0.001 respectively). At 1 month after FMT, 72.7% (101/139), 61.6% (90/146), 76% (19/25) and 70.6% (12/17) of patients achieved improvement in abdominal pain, diarrhoea, hematochezia and fever respectively. Furthermore, 50% (10/20) of steroid-dependent patients achieved steroid-free remission after FMT. The present findings indicate that it is important to understand the efficacy of FMT in CD as a targeted therapy, especially for abdominal pain, hematochezia, fever and diarrhoea.     

Microbial treatment in chronic constipation

Chronic functional constipation is a kind of common intestinal disease that occurs in children, adults and elderly people. This disease not only causes great influence to physiological function, but also results in varying degrees of psychological barriers. At present, constipation treatments continue to rely on traditional methods such as purgative therapy and surgery. However, these approaches can disrupt intestinal function. Recent research between intestinal diseases and gut microbiota has gradually revealed a connection between constipation and intestinal flora disturbance, providing a theoretical basis for microbial treatment in chronic constipation. Microbial treatment mainly includes probiotic preparations such as probiotics, prebiotics, synbiotics and fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT). Due to its safety, convenience and curative effect, probiotic preparations have been widely accepted, especially gradually developed FMT with higher curative effects. Microbial treatment improves clinical symptoms, promotes the recovery of intestinal flora, and has no complications during the treatment process. Compared with traditional treatments, microbial treatment in chronic constipation has advantages, and is worthy of further promotion from clinical research to clinical application.     

儿童功能性便秘肠道传输功能与肠道微生态的关系

目的 采用不透光X线标志物测定结肠传输指数(TI)对功能性排便障碍进行分型,探讨各型功能性便秘患儿之间及其与健康儿童之间肠道菌群差异。 方法 选取功能性便秘儿童40例,进行结肠传输试验并进行分型,其中33例出口梗阻型(出口梗阻组),7例慢传输型(慢传输组)。留取便秘儿童新鲜粪便样本,同时收集20例正常儿童(对照组)粪便标本,存放于-80 ℃冰箱。采用16S rRNA测序技术鉴定菌群。 结果 菌群多样性分析:出口梗阻组、慢传输组与对照组粪便标本在丰富度上差异存在统计学意义(P结论 出口梗阻型与慢传输型相比,有部分菌种在慢传输型便秘儿童中明显减少,这需要进一步研究论证;便秘儿童肠道菌群与健康人群存在较大差异,改变肠道菌群可能成为治疗慢性功能性便秘的新策略。慢传输型便秘病例数较少,需增加样本量后进一步分析。     

Astragaloside IV alleviates mouse slow transit constipation by modulating gut microbiota profile and promoting butyric acid generation

Gut microbiota and short‐chain fatty acids (SCFAs) are associated with the development of various human diseases. In this study, we examined the role of astragaloside IV in modulating mouse gut microbiota structure and the generation of SCFAs, as well as in slow transit constipation (STC). An STC model was established by treating mice with loperamide, in which the therapeutic effects of astragaloside IV were evaluated. The microbiota community structure and SCFA content were analysed by 16S rRNA gene sequencing and gas chromatography‐mass spectrometry, respectively. The influence of butyrate on STC was assessed using a mouse model and Cajal cells (ICC). Astragaloside IV promoted defecation, improved intestinal mobility, suppressed ICC loss and alleviated colonic lesions in STC mice. Alterations in gut microbiota community structure in STC mice, such as decreased Lactobacillus reuteri diversity, were improved following astragaloside IV treatment. Moreover, astragaloside IV up‐regulated butyric acid and valeric acid, but decreased isovaleric acid, in STC mouse stools. Butyrate promoted defecation, improved intestinal mobility, and enhanced ICC proliferation by regulating the AKT–NF‐κB signalling pathway. Astragaloside IV promoted intestinal transit in STC mice and inhibited ICC loss by regulating the gut microbiota community structure and generating butyric acid.     

粪菌移植的临床应用研究进展

人类的肠道菌群种类及数量众多,目前被认为是人体的一个特殊器官。肠道菌群在维持肠道的正常生理功能和机体免疫功能方面发挥了重要作用,肠道微生态失衡与炎症性肠病、代谢综合征、肝病、心血管疾病、精神疾病、关节炎等多种肠内外疾病密切相关,纠正肠道微生态失衡将有助于上述疾病的治疗。粪菌移植（fecal microbiota transplantation,FMT）是指将健康人粪便中的功能菌群移植到患者胃肠道内,重建具有正常功能的肠道菌群,以达到治疗肠道和肠道外疾病的目的。目前报道FMT已应用于艰难梭菌感染、炎症性肠病、肠易激综合征、代谢综合征等多种疾病的治疗中。本文就FMT的临床应用现状作一综述。     

宏基因组及培养组学技术在粪菌移植中的应用

粪菌移植技术（fecal microbiota transplantation,FMT）是利用健康人群的粪便或经过处理的粪便中的微生物来治疗消化、代谢等系统诸多疾病的一项古老而又新兴的技术。宏基因组、培养组等肠道微生物组前沿研究技术的飞速发展,为粪菌移植治疗疾病提供了强有力的研究和临床实践武器。宏基因组技术可全面揭示健康及疾病状态下肠道微生态的组成及功能变化,而培养组学技术则可以用来分离和鉴定人类肠道中的诸多在常规培养条件下未可培养菌,两项技术联用不仅可以使我们更为深入地理解粪菌移植在临床实践中的因果规律,还将有力推动粪菌移植技术在未来的应用与发展。基于此,本文综述了宏基因组及培养组学技术在粪菌移植中的应用及未来发展趋势。     

Effect of dietary fiber on morphine-induced constipation in rats

Morphine is used to alleviate chronic cancer pain. However, constipation is a major adverse effect that often detracts from the patient's quality of life. In this study, we investigated the effectiveness of dietary fiber on morphine-induced constipation. Rats were fed on a normal diet or one containing either 10% or 20% apple fiber for two weeks before morphine was administered. In the control diet group, the fecal number and dry weight were decreased by treating with morphine in a dose-dependent manner. Moreover, the motility of the small and large intestines was reduced. The fecal number and weight were increased and the colon motility was promoted by dietary fiber, regardless of whether morphine was being administered. The dietary fiber increased the concentration of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) in the cecum. These results suggest that dietary fiber has a preventative effect on morphine-induced constipation by increasing SCFAs in the cecum, and thereby promoting colon motility in rats.     

Microbiota Dynamics in Patients Treated with Fecal Microbiota Transplantation for Recurrent Clostridium difficile Infection

Clostridium difficile causes antibiotic-associated diarrhea and pseudomembraneous colitis and is responsible for a large and increasing fraction of hospital-acquired infections. Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) is an alternate treatment option for recurrent C. difficile infection (RCDI) refractory to antibiotic therapy. It has recently been discussed favorably in the clinical and scientific communities and is receiving increasing public attention. However, short- and long-term health consequences of FMT remain a concern, as the effects of the transplanted microbiota on the patient remain unknown. To shed light on microbial events associated with RCDI and treatment by FMT, we performed fecal microbiota analysis by 16S rRNA gene amplicon pyrosequencing of 14 pairs of healthy donors and RCDI patients treated successfully by FMT. Post-FMT patient and healthy donor samples collected up to one year after FMT were studied longitudinally, including one post-FMT patient with antibiotic-associated relapse three months after FMT. This analysis allowed us not only to confirm prior reports that RCDI is associated with reduced diversity and compositional changes in the fecal microbiota, but also to characterize previously undocumented post-FMT microbiota dynamics. Members of the Streptococcaceae, Enterococcaceae, or Enterobacteriaceae were significantly increased and putative butyrate producers, such as Lachnospiraceae and Ruminococcaceae were significantly reduced in samples from RCDI patients before FMT as compared to post-FMT patient and healthy donor samples. RCDI patient samples showed more case-specific variations than post-FMT patient and healthy donor samples. However, none of the bacterial groups were invariably associated with RCDI or successful treatment by FMT. Overall microbiota compositions in post-FMT patients, specifically abundances of the above-mentioned Firmicutes, continued to change for at least 16 weeks after FMT, suggesting that full microbiota recovery from RCDI may take much longer than expected based on the disappearance of diarrheal symptoms immediately after FMT.     

Microbiota transplantation: concept,methodology and strategy for its modernization

Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) has become a research focus of biomedicine and clinical medicine in recent years. The clinical response from FMT for different diseases provided evidence for microbiota-host interactions associated with various disorders, including Clostridium difficile infection, inflammatory bowel disease, diabetes mellitus, cancer, liver cirrhosis, gutbrain disease and others. To discuss the experiences of using microbes to treat human diseases from ancient China to current era should be important in moving standardized FMT forward and achieving a better future. Here, we review the changing concept of microbiota transplantation from FMT to selective microbiota transplantation, methodology development of FMT and stepup FMT strategy based on literature and state experts’ perspectives.     

粪便菌群移植治疗腹泻型肠易激综合征12例临床疗效观察

目的 观察粪便菌群移植（fecal microbiota transplantation,FMT）治疗腹泻型肠易激综合征（diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome,IBS-D）的疗效。方法 2015年4月至2016年9月南京大学医学院附属金陵医院普通外科肠道微生态治疗中心的12例符合罗马Ⅲ诊断标准的IBS-D患者,均给予FMT治疗,记录移植治疗前后患者腹部疼痛评分、排便次数、大便性状Bristol粪便评分、全球IBS评分和IBS-QOL评分及相关不良反应。治疗后随访12周。结果 采用Cochran's Q秩和检验比较FMT治疗前与治疗后第12周状况（P50,P25~P75）：腹部疼痛明显缓解[（5.00,4.25~6.75）vs（3.00,2.25~3.00）,P=0.003];粪便性状改善[（6.00,5.00~7.00）vs（4.00,3.25~5.00）,P=0.003];排便次数下降[（3.50,3.00~5.00）vs（2.00,1.00~3.00）,P=0.003],差异均具有统计学意义（P<0.05）。随访期间疗效稳定,患者未发生严重不良反应。结论 FMT能够改善IBS-D患者腹泻症状,缓解腹部症状,12周内治疗效果良好。     

冰冻粪菌移植治疗艰难梭菌相关腹泻效果的Meta分析

目的 应用Meta分析评价冰冻粪菌移植(FMT)治疗艰难梭菌感染(CDI)相关腹泻的效果。 方法 计算机检索CNKI、CBM、WanFang Data、PubMed、EMbase、Web of Science、The Cochrane Library数据库关于冰冻FMT治疗CDI相关腹泻的随机对照试验,检索时限均为建库至2019年8月。 结果 共纳入8个研究,包括665例患者。Meta分析结果显示:冰冻FMT相比万古霉素/非达霉素治疗CDI相关腹泻差异有统计学意义[OR=23.94,95% CI=(6.80,84.34),P0.05)。多次FMT相比单次FMT能显著治愈CDI相关腹泻,差异有统计学意义[OR=9.79,95% CI=(4.27,22.46),P0.05)。 结论 冰冻FMT相比万古霉素/非达霉素治疗CDI相关腹泻有更好的疗效,且通过灌肠或结肠镜移植冰冻/冻干粪菌可以是一种替代新鲜粪菌的治疗方法,同时多次FMT治疗CDI相关腹泻的治愈率高于单次FMT,CDI患者不良反应和病亡率的发生与FMT无直接关系。以上结论需要更多高质量的研究加以证实。     

Effects of long-term soluble vs. insoluble dietary fiber intake on high-fat diet-induced obesity in C57BL/6J mice

Although most of the proposed beneficial effects of fiber consumption have been attributed to viscous and gel-forming properties of soluble fiber, it is mainly insoluble cereal fiber and whole grains that are strongly associated with reduced diabetes risk in prospective cohort studies, indicating that other unknown mechanisms are likely to be involved.We performed a long-term study investigating potential protective effects of adding soluble guar fiber (10% w/w) vs. insoluble cereal fiber (10% w/w) to an isoenergetic and macronutrient matched high-fat diet in obesity-prone C57BL/6J mice. After 45 weeks, mice fed soluble vs. insoluble fiber showed both significantly increased body weight (41.8±3.0 vs. 33.6±1.5 g, P=.03) and elevated markers of insulin resistance. In mice fed soluble fiber, energy loss via the feces was significantly lower and colonic fermentation with production of short chain fatty acids (SCFA) was markedly increased. Gene expression analysis in white adipose tissue showed significantly increased levels of the fatty acid target G-protein coupled receptor-40 in soluble fiber-fed mice. Liver gene expression in the insoluble fiber group showed a pattern consistent with increased fatty acid oxidation. The present results show that soluble vs insoluble dietary fiber added to a high-fat, Western-style diet differently affected body weight and estimates of insulin sensitivity in obesity-prone mice. Soluble fiber intake with increased SCFA production significantly contributed to digested energy, thereby potentially outweighing the well known short-term beneficial effects of soluble fiber consumption.     

Gender differences in self-reported constipation characteristics,symptoms, and bowel and dietary habits among patients attending a specialty clinic for constipation

Objectives: This study assessed gender differences in the frequency of various characteristics of constipation, constipation-specific symptoms, and bowel and dietary habits, as well as the effects of independent but associated risk factors.Methods: A cross-sectional study of patients aged ≥18 years with a primary diagnosis of constipation (ie, constipation, slow-transit constipation, outlet dysfunction constipation) was conducted at a tertiary referral center; patients were excluded if they had a primary diagnosis of fecal incontinence. Patients completed both a clinical questionnaire to obtain information on demographic characteristics and medical history and an unvalidated self-report questionnaire relating to the characteristics and symptoms of constipation as well as various bowel and dietary habits. Likert scales were used to assess 4 characteristics of constipation (frequency of constipation, duration of constipation symptoms of ≥1 month, bowel movement frequency, stool consistency) and the frequency of occurrence of 6 constipation symptoms (abdominal pain, abdominal bloating, incomplete evacuation, unsuccessful attempts at evacuation, pain with evacuation, straining with evacuation). The bowel habits that were evaluated included time spent at each evacuation; frequency of needing to change position to evacuate; use of anal digitation to evacuate; and the use of laxatives, enemas, stool softeners, foods, drinks, or other aids. The dietary habits that were evaluated included use of dietary fiber, use of fiber supplements, and water intake.Results: Of the 518 patients, the majority were female (79.0%), white (76.3%), and employed (62.0%), with a mean (SD) age of 52.4 (16.5) years (range, 18.6–91.5 years). After controlling for a number of related conditions, women were more likely than men to have infrequent bowel movements (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 2.97; 95% CI, 1.67–5.28), abnormal stool consistency (ie, hard or pelletlike stools) (AOR = 3.08; 95% CI, 1.80–5.28), and a longer duration of constipation symptoms (AOR = 2.00; 95% CI, 1.05–3.82). In addition, women were more likely to report an increased frequency of occurrence of abdominal pain (AOR = 2.22; 95% CI, 1.22–4.05), bloating (AOR = 2.65; 95% CI, 1.50–4.70), unsuccessful attempts at evacuation (AOR = 1.74; 95% CI, 1.01–3.00), and the use of anal digitation to evacuate stool (AOR = 3.37; 95% CI, 1.15–9.90).Conclusions: The women in this specialty-based clinic study experienced a number of constipation symptoms and abnormal bowel habits more frequently than did men. These findings warrant replication in both population- and specialty clinic-based samples. In addition, the physiologic mechanisms that underlie these gender differences warrant investigation.     

Types of fiber and gut microbiota composition and diversity among arab females

ObjectivesDietary fiber is recognized as an important nutrient for gut health. However, research on the relations of different types of fibers (soluble and insoluble) to the human microbiota health is limited. This study aimed to identify whether higher habitual intake of soluble and/or insoluble fiber have a different influence on the composition, diversity, and abundance of microbiota.MethodsWe examined the fecal microbial composition of 92 healthy females aged 18 and above using the novel shotgun metagenomics sequencing technique. The habitual fiber intake was determined using the Saudi food frequency questionnaire. Pearson’s correlation was used for the correlations between total, soluble, and insoluble fiber and gut microbiota. α- and β-diversities were applied to acquire the distinctions in the relative abundances of bacterial taxa.ResultsOur findings show that higher dietary fiber, particularly insoluble fiber, was significantly correlated with the abundances of Bacteroides_u_s, Bacteroides uniformis, and Lactobacillus acidophilus (r = 0.26, 0.29, 0.26, p-value < 0.05, respectively). Non-significant difference was noted in the microbial α-diversity and β-diversity in low and high soluble/insoluble dietary fiber.ConclusionsCurrent findings suggest that insoluble dietary-fiber intake is favorably correlated with the health of the human gut microbiota. However, further investigations are necessary to identify the effect of types of fiber on the specific species identified in this study.     

Washed preparation of faecal microbiota changes the transplantation related safety,quantitative method and delivery

The safety, quantitative method and delivery of faecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) vary a lot from different countries in practice. Recently, the improved methodology of FMT based on the automatic filtration, washing process and the related delivery was named as washed microbiota transplantation (WMT). First, this study aimed to describe the methodology development of FMT from manual to washing preparation from 2012 to 2021 in China Microbiota Transplantation System (CMTS), a centralized stool bank for providing a national non-profit service. The secondary aim is to describe donor screenings, the correlation between faecal weight and treatment doses, incidence of adverse events and delivery decision. The retrospective analysis on the prospectively recorded data was performed. Results showed that the success rate of donor screening was 3.1% (32/1036). The incidence rate of fever decreased significantly from 19.4% (6/31) in manual FMT to 2.7% (24/902) in WMT in patients with ulcerative colitis (UC), which made UC a considerable disease model to reflect the quality control of faecal microbiota preparation. We defined one treatment unit as 10 cm³ microbiota precipitation (1.0 × 10¹³ bacteria) based on enriched microbiota instead of rough faecal weight. For delivering microbiota, colonic transendoscopic enteral tube is a promising way especially for multiple WMTs or frequent colonic administration of drugs combined with WMT. This study should help improve the better practice of FMT for helping more patients in the future.     

Early intervention with faecal microbiota transplantation: an effective means to improve growth performance and the intestinal development of suckling piglets

Recent studies indicate that early postnatal period is a critical window for gut microbiota manipulation to optimise the immunity and body growth. This study investigated the effects of maternal faecal microbiota orally administered to neonatal piglets after birth on growth performance, selected microbial populations, intestinal permeability and the development of intestinal mucosal immune system. In total, 12 litters of crossbred newborn piglets were selected in this study. Litter size was standardised to 10 piglets. On day 1, 10 piglets in each litter were randomly allotted to the faecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) and control groups. Piglets in the FMT group were orally administrated with 2ml faecal suspension of their nursing sow per day from the age of 1 to 3 days; piglets in the control group were treated with the same dose of a placebo (0.1M potassium phosphate buffer containing 10% glycerol (vol/vol)) inoculant. The experiment lasted 21 days. On days 7, 14 and 21, plasma and faecal samples were collected for the analysis of growth-related hormones and cytokines in plasma and lipocalin-2, secretory immunoglobulin A (sIgA), selected microbiota and short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) in faeces. Faecal microbiota transplantation increased the average daily gain of piglets during week 3 and the whole experiment period. Compared with the control group, the FMT group had increased concentrations of plasma growth hormone and IGF-1 on days 14 and 21. Faecal microbiota transplantation also reduced the incidence of diarrhoea during weeks 1 and 3 and plasma concentrations of zonulin, endotoxin and diamine oxidase activities in piglets on days 7 and 14. The populations of Lactobacillus spp. and Faecalibacterium prausnitzii and the concentrations of faecal and plasma acetate, butyrate and total SCFAs in FMT group were higher than those in the control group on day 21. Moreover, the FMT piglets have higher concentrations of plasma transforming growth factor-β and immunoglobulin G, and faecal sIgA than the control piglets on day 21. These findings indicate that early intervention with maternal faecal microbiota improves growth performance, decreases intestinal permeability, stimulates sIgA secretion, and modulates gut microbiota composition and metabolism in suckling piglets.     

便秘型肠易激综合征患者肠道菌群变化特点及双歧杆菌四联活菌片的疗效观察

研究便秘型肠易激综合征（IBS-C）患者肠道菌群变化特点,并进一步分析双歧杆菌四联活菌片对其的干预效果。

选取2020年2月至2021年11月于我院消化内科就诊的162例IBS-C患者为研究组;选择同期113例健康体检者作为对照组。采用16S rDNA高通量测序法检测受试者肠道菌群的构成,分析菌群多样性,比较双歧杆菌四联活菌片干预前后IBS-C患者肠道菌群变化特点及便秘症状相关指标变化情况。

研究组患者肠道菌群Ace指数（P=0.001）、Chao指数（P＜0.001）、Shannon指数（P=0.020）、Sobs指数（P＜0.001）均显著低于对照组。在门水平上,研究组患者肠道厚壁菌门和变形菌门的丰度均显著高于对照组,而拟杆菌门丰度均显著低于对照组。双歧杆菌四联活菌片干预后,患者肠道厚壁菌门和变形菌门丰度均显著下降,拟杆菌门丰度显著提高。在属水平上,研究组患者肠道乳杆菌属和双歧杆菌属丰度均显著低于对照组。双歧杆菌四联活菌片干预后,患者肠道乳杆菌属、双歧杆菌属、粪杆菌属丰度均显著上升。干预后IBS-C患者的便秘症状积分（P＜0.001）、GIQLI评分（P＜0.001）、WC评分（P＜0.001）、PAC-QOL评分（P=0.005）均较干预前差异显著,排便次数也显著增加（P＜0.001）。

IBS-C患者肠道菌群显著紊乱,双歧杆菌四联活菌片能在一定程度上调节患者肠道菌群失衡,同时能够改善胃肠道功能,缓解便秘。

     

Effects of Dietary Fiber on Fecal Concanavalin A-binding Glycoprotein in Rats

This study investigates the relationship between the dietary components and quantitative changes in fecal concanavalin A-binding glycoprotein (CBGP) derived from small intestinal epithelia in rats. Although fecal CBGP increased with increasing protein content in the diet, the increase in fecal CBGP due to dietary protein was much smaller than that resulting from the addition of pectin, cellulose or Gobo dietary fiber (GDF) to the diet. The increasing effect of 10% GDF by weight added to a 20% casein high-sucrose diet (HSD) on fecal CBGP was the most pronounced without producing any gastrointestinal disorders, whereas that from the addition of pectin to HSD at a level of 5% significantly decreased the intestinal sucrase activity. A similar increase in fecal CBGP was observed when rice bran dietary fiber, carrot dietary fiber, Hiziki or Wakame was added to HSD, but these increasing effects on fecal CBGP were independent of their insoluble-soluble ratio. This and our previous observations suggest that such dietary fiber may prompt the renewal and exfoliation of small intestinal epithelia.