棕色固氮菌固氮链中的能量转化

应用Fld_(SR)天然荧光和1,5—Br—AEDANS及5—IAF荧光探针偶标记铁蛋白和钼铁蛋白作荧光测定。Fld在与铁蛋白络合时所损失能量为铁蛋白所接受。同样,铁蛋白与钼铁蛋白络合时也有能量转移现象。铁蛋白与MgATP形成复合物后仍能将能量转移给钼铁蛋白,铁蛋白与钼铁蛋白络合物间荧光标记基团距离为35～58A,铁蛋白·MgATP与钼铁蛋白间荧光标记基因距离为38～63A。     

电子传递促进的ATP水解

铁蛋白在结合MgATP时,MgATP基本上不水解,只有在与钼铁蛋白结合并传递电子给钼铁蛋白时,MgATP才酶促水解为MgADP和Pi(磷酸根),电子传递和ATP的水解是两个快速的偶联过程。[Fe_4S_4(SPh)_4]~(-2)     

棕色固氮菌固氮酶铁蛋白的研究(五)

应用微热量计研究了棕色固氮菌固氮酶铁蛋白与MgATP或MgADP络合的热力学状况。在25℃,1大气压下铁蛋白与MgATP饱和络合时的焓(⊿H~0)变化为-4.78千卡/摩尔,自由能(AGO)变化为-6.66千卡/摩尔,熵(⊿S~0)变化为+6.31卡·度/摩尔。在铁蛋白与MgATP络合时,随着MgATP浓度的增加,-⊿H~0也随之增加呈S型曲线,铁蛋白与MgADP饱和络合时⊿H~0为-5.45千卡/摩尔,AGO为-6.89千卡/摩尔,⊿S~0为+4.82卡·度/摩尔。熵的增加表明MgATP或MgADP与铁蛋白络合后,引起铁蛋白构型的变化。铁蛋白与MgATP或MgADP饱和络合时的TASO分别为+1.88千卡/摩尔和+1.44千卡/摩尔。     

固氮作用

890921棕色固氮菌含M。一和V一固氮酶的铁蛋白〔会,英j/Bergstr6m,J.…厂7tl:In-士。rnatl.Cong.Nitrogon Fixation,Book of入bs一1988一3一22 测定T月zotobacter ehroocoee“m含MO和含V固氮酶Fe蛋白组分特性,如分子量和亚单位结构、氨基酸顺序(以nifH和HDN八序列数据得出)、Fe和S“一含显,还原态。不结合和结合MgADP和MgATI〕态的epr信号.以及生理上垂要的MgADP结合态氧化还原的中点电位。也测定了MgADP结合的氧化态还原Na:520、的动力学和需MgATP电子传递至MoFe和VFe蛋白的动力学。这些特性与MoFe和VFc蛋自“交叉反应…     

紫色非硫光合细菌Rhodopseudomonas capsulata铁氧还蛋白氧化还原电位的研究

本文介绍了从紫色非硫光合细菌Rhodopseudomonas capsulata分离纯化的铁氧还蛋白,经固体硫酸铵分级盐析沉淀和透析进一步纯化的样品,通过循环伏安法检测其对温度的敏感性,所引起的蛋白变性;然后应用定电位电量法和电位阶跃电量法,研究它的电量-电位关系,根据Nernst公式进而计算铁氧还蛋白的中点电位分别为-378mV和-375mV,在其参与氧化-还原反应时,每分子铁氧还蛋白传递电子数目≈2。并对不同菌种来源的铁氧还蛋白的标准氧化-还原电位及其传递电子数目进行了讨论。     

紫色非硫光合细菌Rhodopseudomonas capsulata铁氧还蛋白氧化还原电位的研究

本文介绍了从紫色非硫光合细菌Rhodopseudomanas capsulata 分离纯化的铁氧还蛋白,经固体硫酸铵分级盐析沉淀和透析进一步纯化的样品,通过循环伏安法检测其对温度的敏感性,所引起的蛋白变性;然后应用定电位电量法和电位阶跃电量法,研究它的电量-电位关系,根据Nernst 公式进而计算铁氧还蛋白的中点电位分别为-378mV 和-375mV,在其参与氧化-还原反应时,每分子铁氧还蛋白传递电子数目≈2。并对不同菌种来源的铁氧还蛋白的标准氧化-还原电位及其传递电子数目进行了讨论。     

鱼肝铁蛋白铁核表层接受电子能力的研究

采用直接电化学技术研究Hong鱼肝铁蛋白（Liver Ferritin of Dasyatis akajei,DALF）铁核表层接受还原电子的快慢速率和释放铁的动力学级数及规律。实验结果表明,在有氧环境下,DALF铁核表层以两相行为的方式快速地从铂金电极上获得还原电子且用于释放铁反应,其释放铁的还原电们分别为－125mV－375mV(vs.NHE,下同）。在控制还原电位为－200mV和－500mV的条件下,DALF铁核表层解放铁的速率分别为11．1Fe^3 /(DALF.min)和33．3Fe^3 (DALF.min）,因而认为DALF从铂金电极接受电子和解放铁的速率快慢与还原电位高低有关。血红素不仅能络合于DALF蛋白壳（DALFh）上,而且还能加速DALFh释放铁的速率,但无法增加DALFh释放铁的总量。DALF铁核结构中的磷铁组成存在着非均匀性。DALF铁核表层磷铁结构具有接受来自于蛋白壳电子隧道提供的还原电子能力。     

细菌铁蛋白释放铁的动力学研究

棕色固氮菌细菌蛋白在可见光谱区中有定性的特征吸收峰。细菌铁蛋白经过量Ｎａ２Ｓ２Ｏ４还原后,该蛋白的α、β和Ｓ峰的吸光度随着蛋白还原程度增大而递增。细菌铁蛋白的氧化还原状态可分为氧化态、半还原态和深度还原态。细菌铁蛋白铁核中的磷铁组成存在着非均匀性,该蛋白释放铁核表层的铁的反应为一级反应,推测这一过程受蛋白壳中的血红素调控。细菌铁蛋白释放铁核内层的铁的反应为零级反应。     

紫色非硫光合细菌Rhodopseudomonas capsulata细胞色素c_3的纯化及理化特性的研究

菌体经超声破碎,高速离心,二次DEAE-52柱层析和Sephadex G-100分离纯化,得到凝胶电泳纯的细胞色素c_3。特征吸收峰在氧化态时为405,525nm;还原态时为417,520,545nm。用Sephadex G-100凝胶过滤,SDS凝胶电泳方法,测得分子量分别为12,500,13,000D。氨基酸组份分析表明最低分子量为13,500D左右。恒电位电量法测其中点电位为-364mV,参与氧化还原作用时,传递电子数目为2。氧化态时在g值为2.581,2.203,1.715处有特征的ESR波谱,还原态时,ESR波谱消失。     

去甲肾上腺素引起蟾蜍背根神经节神经细胞膜电位变化的离子机制

本文应用细胞内记录方法,对去甲肾上腺素(NA)引起蟾蜍背根神经节(DRG)神经细胞膜电位去极化或超极化反应时的膜电导及翻转电位值进行了测量,并观察了钾和钙离子通道阻断剂灌流DRG对NA引起膜电位反应的影响。当NA引起去极化反应时,15个细胞的膜电导减小32.6％。少数细胞膜电导开始增加,继而减小(n=4)。NA超极化反应时膜电导增加13.2％(n=8)。NA去极化反应的翻转电位值为-88.5±0.9mV((?)±SE,n=4),NA超极化反应在膜电位处于-89至-92mV时消失。 钾通道阻断剂四乙铵可使NA去极化幅值增加73.7±11.9％((?)±SE,n=7),并使NA超极化幅值减小40.5％(n=4)。细胞内注入氯化铯使苯肾上腺素去极化幅值增加34.5％(n=4)。钙通道阻断剂氯化锰使NA去极化及超极化反应分别减小50.5±9.9％((?)±SE,n=10)和89.5±4.9％((?)±SE,n=7)。结果提示,NA引起DRG神经细胞膜电位的去极化或超极化反应,可能与膜的钾及钙通道活动的改变有关。     

Recent advances in the study of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus replication and pathogenesis

It has now been over twenty years since a novel herpesviral genome was identified in Kaposi's sarcoma biopsies. Since then, the cumulative research effort by molecular biologists, virologists, clinicians, and epidemiologists alike has led to the extensive characterization of this tumor virus, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus(KSHV; also known as human herpesvirus 8(HHV-8)), and its associated diseases. Here we review the current knowledge of KSHV biology and pathogenesis, with a particular emphasis on new and exciting advances in the field of epigenetics. We also discuss the development and practicality of various cell culture and animal model systems to study KSHV replication and pathogenesis.     

The structure, reproduction and taxonomy of Vidalia and Osmundaria (Rhodophyta, Rhodomelaceae)

Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera.     

New or rare chromosome counts in Artemisia L. (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) and related genera from Kazakhstan

Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and Turaniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x = 9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted.     

肝癌中HBV和HCV基因和抗原的分布及意义

采用原位分子杂交方法检测HCV RNA及HBV X基因;采用免疫组织化学方法研究HCV核心抗原,非结构区C33c抗原及HBxAg在肝细胞肝癌中的定位及分布.结果表明(1)HCV RNA、HBV X基因在肝细胞肝癌组织检出率分别为40%(55/136)和82%(112/136).HCV RNA定位于癌细胞的胞浆内,阳性细胞呈散在、灶状及弥漫分布三种形式;HBV X基因在肝癌细胞中的分布呈胞浆型、核型及核浆型,阳性细胞也呈上述三种分布形式;(2)HCV C33c抗原、核心抗原在肝细胞肝癌中的阳性率为81%(133/164)及86%(141/164).C33c抗原定位于癌细胞及肝细胞的胞浆内;核心抗原既定位于癌细胞核中,又可定位于胞浆中.C33c抗原阳性细胞以灶状分布为主;而核心抗原阳性细     

Selection with two alleles and complete dominance

For a plant selection model with frequency-independent viabilities, fertilities and selfing rates, it is shown that apart from global fixation, for certain parameter combinations a protected polymorphism and facultative fixation (either allele may become fixed according to initial frequencies) may both occur. Facultative fixation requires different selling rates for the dominant and recessive type. Protection of the polymorphism requires resource allocation for male and female function. In this connection the problem of purely genetically caused population extinction is discussed.
For general frequency dependence and regular segregation, the chances for establishment of a completely recessive gene are compared to those of a completely dominant gene. It is proven that the process of establishment of the recessive gene, despite a fitness advantage, may be considerably endangered by drift effects if random mating prevails. The recessive gene may reach the same effectivity in establishment as a dominant gene, only if the recessive homozygote mates exclusively with its own type during the period of establishment.