中国安蛛科(蜘蛛目)蜘蛛记述及一新纪录属Conculus

本文简要综述了我国安蛛科的研究现状,并描述了一种产自重庆洞穴的安蛛——Conculus lyugadinus Komatsu,1940,这是Conculus属在我国的首次报道.所有检视标本均保存在四川大学自然博物馆(SCUM).     

河南发现水蛛(蜘蛛目:水蛛科)

河南北部发现雌、雄水蛛Argyroneta aquatica.     

中国跳蛛科4新纪录种记述(蜘蛛目:跳蛛科)

记述中国跳蛛科4新纪录种：Dendryphantes biankii Proszynski, 1979;Evarcha michailovi Logunov,1992 ; Pellenes sibiricus Logunov ; Marusik, 1994 ; Yllenus flavociliatus Simon, 1895 。     

中国隆头蛛属一新种(蜘蛛目:隆头蛛科)

记述了云南隆头蛛属1新种：大理隆头蛛Eresus daliensis sp.nov.。新种与草隆头蛛Eresus cinnaberinus (Olivier,1789)近似,但本种雌蛛外雌器的凹陷呈倒“U”字形,雄蛛腹部背面中部具一宽的暗色横带,引导器的内侧面近顶部具1个三角形裂片,而不同于后者。     

中国隙蛛属两新种(蜘蛛目:暗蛛科)

记叙了我国隙蛛属2新种,即洞穴隙oelotes cavernalis Huang,PengetLiS,sp.nov和贵州隙蛛C.guizhouensis Peng,Liet Huang,sp.nov。     

中国漏斗蛛属蜘蛛六新种（蜘蛛目：漏斗蛛科）

本文记述我国漏斗蛛属六新种:帚状漏斗蛛Agelena scopulata;船形漏斗蛛Agelena cymbiforma;耳形漏斗蛛Agelena otiforma;拟缘漏斗蛛Agelana sublimbata;灰色漏斗蛛Agelena poliosata;桑植漏斗蛛Agelena sangzhien sis。文内对种的鉴别特征均有扼要描述,并绘有外雌器和触肢器鉴别特征图。     

中国猫蛛属一新种(蜘蛛目:猫蛛科)

记述中国湖南省猫蛛科Oxyopidac猫蛛属Oxyopes 1新种：壶瓶猫蛛Oxyopes hupingensis sp.nov.。新种不同于本属内其它种。新种与Oxyppes daksina Sherriffs,1955略相似,两者的纳精囊都处于外雌器的中线位置上,但新种在如下几方面不同于后者：交媾腔大,葫芦状;纳精囊从内向外,从后向前扭曲成“U”形;两纳精囊彼此靠近。模式标本保存于湖南师范大学生命科学学院。文中量度单位为mm。     

中国球蛛科两个新纪录种记述(蜘蛛目:球蛛科)

记述了采自湖南省的球蛛科两个新纪录种:日本藻蛛Phycosoma japonicum(Yoshida,1985)和贞本特克蛛Tekellina sadamotoi Yoshida&Ogata,2016,并提供了这两个物种外形及外生殖器的显微照片.标本保存于湖南师范大学生命科学学院.     

中国福建武夷山拟肥腹蛛属一新种记述(蜘蛛目,球蛛科)

记述采自我国福建武夷山球蛛科拟肥腹蛛属1新种,汪氏拟肥腹蛛Parasteatoda wangi sp.nov..模式标本保存在河北大学博物馆.汪氏拟肥腹,新种Parasteatoda wangi sp.nov.(图1～11)正模♀,福建武夷山桃源峪,2010年8月9日.副模:12♂♂,16 ♀♀,桃源峪,2010年8月9日;1♂,1♀,桃源峪,2010年8月13日;4 ♂ ♂,4♀♀,桐木关,2010年8月8日;3♀♀,南坑,2010年8月6日;1 ♂,黄溪洲,2010年8月6日;2 ♂ ♂,3♀♀,桃源峪,2004年5月25号;1♀,磨石坑,2004年5月20日.全部模式标本均由张锋采集于福建武夷山.新种在生殖器官上与台湾的兰屿拟肥腹蛛Parasteatoda lanyuensis(Yoshida,Tso& Severinghaus,2000)十分相似,如两者触肢器的插入器都又细又长,并围成1个环;外雌器的连接管都在靠近纳精囊的部分呈螺旋形.雌性可以由以下区别:1)前庭宽大约是长的2倍,后者将近相等;2)新种雌性外雌器前庭具有明显的后缘且前缘中央后凹,后者无明显后缘且前缘中央不后凹;3)新种纳精囊之间的距离大约为1个纳精囊直径,后者距离小于1个半径.雄性可以由以下区别:1)新种由插入器围成的环的直径长度大约占生殖球长度的4/5,后者大约占2/3;2)新种引导器基部宽,且端部钝且具有1透明的兜,后者基部瘦,端部尖且弯曲;3)新种亚盾板比后者小.词源:新种种名源自福建武夷山国家级自然保护区汪家社先生的姓氏,以感谢他对笔者野外工作的帮助;词性为名词性同位语.分布:中国(福建).     

鄂西南隙蛛属一新种及一种漏斗蛛属蜘蛛的记述(蜘蛛目:暗蛛科,漏斗蛛科)

本文报道了采自湖北省利川县的暗蛛科（Amaurobiidae）隙蛛属（Coelotes）一新种和漏斗蛛科（Agelenidae）漏斗蛛属（Agelena）一种蜘蛛：利川隙蛛,新种C．lichuanensissp．nov．和灰色漏斗蛛A．poliosataWang,1991。     

Fine Structural Analysis of the Silk Apparatus in the Funnel-web Spider, Agelena limbata (Araneae: Agelenidae)

ABSTRACT Silk apparatus of the funnel-web spider, Agelena limbata was located at the ventral end of the abdominal part, and was composed of internal silk glands and external spinnerets. Among the three pairs of spinnerets, the posterior pairs were highly elongated along the body axis. By the light and electron microscopic inspections, it was found that four types of silk glands were connected through the typical spinning tubes of each spinneret. Anterior spinnerets comprise 2 pairs of the ampullate and 125 to 150 pairs (female) or 110 to 114 (male) of pyriform glands. Another 2 pairs of ampullate glands in both sexes, 5 to 8 pairs of tubuliform glands in females, and 20 to 26 pairs (female) or 15 to 17 pairs (male) of aciniform glands were connected on the median spinnerets. Additional 8 to 10 pairs of tubuliforms in female and 41 to 53 pairs (female) or 27 to 32 pairs (male) of aciniform glands were on the posterior spinnerets, respectively. While the ampullate and tubuliform glands were connected with the spigot-type spinning tubes, the pyriform and aciniform glands with that of spool-type tubes. It has been also revealed that the tubuliform glands were only observed in female spiders, however the flagelliform and aggregate glands which had the function of adhesive thread production in orb-web spiders were not observed at both sexes of this spiders.     

Male emergence timing and mating success in the funnel-web spider,Agelena limbata (Araneae: Agelenidae)

Field observations on the relationship between male mating success and emergence timing in the funnel-web spider,Agelena limbata, were conducted.Agelena limbata is an annual species and adult males appear slightly earlier than adult females in July. As males deposit a copulatory plug at the female epigynum after copulation, copulation with virgin females is important to males. The number of copulations in males with virgin females, which strongly correlates with the longevity of males and the number of females that males courted, did not correlate with the emergence timing of males. Early emerged males and females were significantly larger in size than later ones, but the correlation coefficient between the emerged date and the cephalothorax width was not strong. Males that emerged earlier did not have any advantage in copulating with larger and more fecund females. Furthermore, virgin females first copulated on average 7.9 days after their final molt and the mortality rate of adult males increased after the final molt. These factors may favor the smaller degree of protandry in male emergence timing inA. limbata.     

A new genus of Coelotinae (Araneae,Agelenidae) from southern China

One new genus of the spider subfamily Coelotinae, Flexicoelotesgen. n., with five new species is described from southern China: Flexicoeloteshuyunensissp. n. (female), Flexicoelotesjiaohanyanensissp. n. (male and female), Flexicoelotesjinlongyanensissp. n. (male and female), Flexicoelotespingzhaiensissp. n. (female), Flexicoelotesxingwangensissp. n. (male and female).     

Size Assortative Mating and Reproductive Success of the Funnel-Web Spider, Agelena limbata (Araneae; Agelenidae)

Field observations and laboratory experiments were conducted to assess the relation between male size and reproductive success in the funnel-web spider, Agelena limbata Thorell (Agelenidae), in 2 years. In this species, the body size of males is similar to that of females. In the field, size assortative mating occurred in both years. In 1 year, partial correlation coefficient analysis indicates that male cephalothorax width is a beter predictor of the copulated female cephalothorax width than of the date of pairing. In laboratory experiments, females tended to reject courting males that were smaller in relative body size, and males that were larger in relative body size had greater copulation success. Consequently female rejection of smaller courting males has some contribution to size assortative mating. Since larger females deposited more numerous eggs in the field, larger males are expected to have a higher reproductive success.     

Contact sex signals on web and cuticle of Tegenaria atrica (Araneae,Agelenidae)

Qualitative changes in lipid content and composition were examined on the web and cuticle of Tegenaria atrica females in relation to sexual receptivity. In this spider species, 78 different compounds were detected by gas chromatography in the cuticle extract and 50 in the web; 28 identical compounds were present both on the spider silk and the cuticle of the female. The components were long‐chain aliphatic hydrocarbons, fatty acids, and esters. On the web, sexual receptivity was correlated with changes in eleven polar compounds. On the cuticle, sexual receptivity was correlated with changes in eight polar compounds and 26 hydrocarbons. Bioassays demonstrated that the methanol eluate of webs and females were involved in stimulating the sexual behavior of males. Qualitative and/or quantitative changes in hexadecanoic acid, octadecadienoic acid, octadecenoic acid, methyl palmitate, methyl octadecanoate, and n‐tricosane could play a role in the contact sex signals from web and cuticle of T. atrica. Arch. Insect Biochem. Physiol. 40:194–202, 1999. © 1999 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.     

Fine structure of the anterior median eyes of the funnel-web spider Agelena labyrinthica (Araneae: Agelenidae)

Only few electron microscopic studies exist on the structure of the main eyes (anterior median eyes, AME) of web spiders. The present paper provides details on the anatomy of the AME in the funnel-web spider Agelena labyrinthica. The retina consists of two separate regions with differently arranged photoreceptor cells. Its central part has sensory cells with rhabdomeres on 2, 3, or 4 sides, whereas those of the ventral retina have only two rhabdomeres on opposite sides. In addition, the rhabdomeres of the ventral retina are arranged in a specific way: Whereas in the most ventral part they form long tangential rows, those towards the center are detached and are arranged radially. All sensory cells are wrapped by unpigmented pigment cell processes. In agelenid spiders the axons of the sensory cells exit from the middle of the cell body; their fine structure and course through the eye cup is described in detail. In the central part of the retina efferent nerve fibres were found forming synapses along the distal region of the receptor cells. A muscle is attached laterally to each eye cup that allows mainly rotational movements of the eyes. The optical performance (image resolution) of these main eyes with relatively few visual cells is discussed.     

Five new Platocoelotes species (Araneae,Agelenidae) from caves in southern China

Five new Platocoelotes species are described based on both sexes collected from caves in southern China. They are: Platocoelotes luoi sp. n. from Jiangxi, Platocoelotes qinglinensis sp. n. from Yunnan, Platocoelotes shuiensis sp. n. from Guizhou, Platocoelotes tianyangensis sp. n. from Sichuan and Platocoelotes xianwuensis sp. n. from Hubei.     

Males' visits to females' webs and female mating receptivity in the spider,Agelena limbata (Araneae: Agelenidae)

Field observation on the reproductive behaviour in the funnelweb spider,Agelena limbata, was conducted. Copulation occurred primarily during the day. Some females copulated with different mates more than once. Females did not copulate immediately after their final moult and exhibited unpredictable mating receptivity patterns. Most males remained in females' webs for less than 1 day and copulated within the day of the visit. Males did not adopt a mating tactic of staying with a juvenile female until she moulted and matured, searching instead for adult female potential mates.