用表现性评价指导"资料分析"的教学

通过课堂教学实践研究了表现性评价在新课程教材教学中应用的可行性,通过实例论述表现性评价量规的设计及课堂教学中应注意的问题。     

利用诺贝尔奖开展指向核心素养的表现性评价任务

以诺贝尔奖获奖工作的真实科研情境作为素材，设计“我看诺贝尔奖”的开放性作业，由学生撰写科普短文。基于此例，结合PTA量表和萨米特公立学校的认知技能量规，探索表现性评价的构建方法，提升学生核心素养。     

高中生命科学实验课程多元化学习评价体系初探

实验课程是生命科学教学中提高学生生物科学素养的重要途径之一．然而现阶段的生物实验课程还是处于教学的从属地位,评价上缺少独立的评价体系。针对上海市高中生命科学教材中实验的3个类型及各类型特点设计并开展了多元化学习评价体系,以教师、学生、同伴为评价主体,体现了评价主体的多元化;采用了实验报告、评价量表等对学生的实验过程和结果进行评价,体现了评价方式的多样化;评价内容涵盖了知识、能力和情感态度价值观3个维度．体现了评价内容的多元化。     

用行为量规指导学生练习使用显微镜

着重介绍了利用行为量规来指导学生练习使用显微镜,这种限制性任务表现性评定的实际课堂操作的方式.并通过对结果的统计分析,得出试验的较好效果;总结了使用行为量规辅助教学的诸多优点.如量规清楚地表达了教师的期望和评价学生学习的方式,同时让学生知道"如何做"才能达到这些期望.     

基于UbD理论的“生物与环境”单元教学设计

基于UbD(understanding by design)理论,以初中生物学新授课“生物与环境”单元教学为例,阐述单元设计3个阶段的设计与实施。结合学生生活,创设真实情境,以解决实际问题,发展学生的探究实践能力和科学思维,设计表现性评价量表。以不同形式的评价和活动,发展学生思维,落实学科核心素养,整体规划单元教学内容,与社会大课堂结合,减少课时,提升课堂效率。     

"生物教学多元化评价"实验报告

20 0 0年 8月 ,我们结合新版生物教学大纲对教学评价的有关要求 ,在本校开展了“生物教学多元化评价”的课题实验 ,目的是通过运用多元评价主体、多项评价项目、多样评价方式 ,达到客观、全面地评价学生的学习状况的目的 ,促进学生学习的不断提高和发展 ,摒弃传统评价方式中由于内容单一、片面而带来的对评价对象产生的负面影响。以下是对本次实验的简要总结。1　“多元化评价”方式的内容构成“生物教学多元化评价”方式在评价内容上是力图把生物教学大纲要求的各项教学目标尽可能地纳入该评价体系 ,它们包括 :学习和掌握生物学基础知识 ;…     

组合式课程考试的实践与思考

近年来,我们在本校2005—2006级医学本科5个专业38个班的组织胚胎学课程考核中采用组合式课程考试方式,即通过多种考核方式对学生进行多方位的综合评价,旨在探讨不仅能增强学生的主动学习精神,而且更有利于全面评价学生的综合素质的课程考核方式,进而为专业课程考试的改革提供有价值的参考意见。组合式课程考试方式不是多种考核方式的简单组合,而是评价学生学习能力及教学效果的不同指标的必然体现。理论考试包括开卷与闭卷两部分。     

中学生物学课堂教学评价体系改革初探

当前,我区在中学生物学课堂教学中开展学生自主学习活动正处于起始阶段。为确保学生自主学习活动深入、健康发展,有必要建立一种有效的课堂教学质量评价体系(以下简称“评价体系”)。建立评价体系的目的是：①倡导方向——体现课程改革的思想、观念及原则,有利于促进课堂教学中学生自主学习活动的开展,突出对学生的自主学习能力和终身学习能力的培养。     

服装设计与工艺专业开放式多元化学生评价模式的实践

构建多元评价方式,改变了以往以考试成绩作为评价学生"唯一尺度"的办法,着力于人的内在情感、意志、态度的激发,着力于促进人的完美和发展,是以人为本的思想指导下的科学评价学生的做法,更加注重学生的学习全过程,有助于教师和家长多角度、多层次、更全面地了解学生。比较全面、客观准确评价学生,有助于学生个性发展,有助于学生自我激励、自我反思,有助于学生、家长、教师之间的相互沟通,使教师与家长保持一致的教育目标。     

科学探究能力评价的作业设计

简述了科学探究能力的涵义及其评价依据,以案例的方式说明如何设计科学探究能力的评价作业。     

Recent advances in the study of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus replication and pathogenesis

It has now been over twenty years since a novel herpesviral genome was identified in Kaposi's sarcoma biopsies. Since then, the cumulative research effort by molecular biologists, virologists, clinicians, and epidemiologists alike has led to the extensive characterization of this tumor virus, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus(KSHV; also known as human herpesvirus 8(HHV-8)), and its associated diseases. Here we review the current knowledge of KSHV biology and pathogenesis, with a particular emphasis on new and exciting advances in the field of epigenetics. We also discuss the development and practicality of various cell culture and animal model systems to study KSHV replication and pathogenesis.     

The structure, reproduction and taxonomy of Vidalia and Osmundaria (Rhodophyta, Rhodomelaceae)

Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera.     

New or rare chromosome counts in Artemisia L. (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) and related genera from Kazakhstan

Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and Turaniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x = 9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted.     

肝癌中HBV和HCV基因和抗原的分布及意义

采用原位分子杂交方法检测HCV RNA及HBV X基因;采用免疫组织化学方法研究HCV核心抗原,非结构区C33c抗原及HBxAg在肝细胞肝癌中的定位及分布.结果表明(1)HCV RNA、HBV X基因在肝细胞肝癌组织检出率分别为40%(55/136)和82%(112/136).HCV RNA定位于癌细胞的胞浆内,阳性细胞呈散在、灶状及弥漫分布三种形式;HBV X基因在肝癌细胞中的分布呈胞浆型、核型及核浆型,阳性细胞也呈上述三种分布形式;(2)HCV C33c抗原、核心抗原在肝细胞肝癌中的阳性率为81%(133/164)及86%(141/164).C33c抗原定位于癌细胞及肝细胞的胞浆内;核心抗原既定位于癌细胞核中,又可定位于胞浆中.C33c抗原阳性细胞以灶状分布为主;而核心抗原阳性细     

Selection with two alleles and complete dominance

For a plant selection model with frequency-independent viabilities, fertilities and selfing rates, it is shown that apart from global fixation, for certain parameter combinations a protected polymorphism and facultative fixation (either allele may become fixed according to initial frequencies) may both occur. Facultative fixation requires different selling rates for the dominant and recessive type. Protection of the polymorphism requires resource allocation for male and female function. In this connection the problem of purely genetically caused population extinction is discussed.
For general frequency dependence and regular segregation, the chances for establishment of a completely recessive gene are compared to those of a completely dominant gene. It is proven that the process of establishment of the recessive gene, despite a fitness advantage, may be considerably endangered by drift effects if random mating prevails. The recessive gene may reach the same effectivity in establishment as a dominant gene, only if the recessive homozygote mates exclusively with its own type during the period of establishment.