Cap-assisted internal initiation of translation of histone H4

1. Download : Download high-res image (186KB)
2. Download : Download full-size image

Highlights? Two structural elements of histone H4 mRNA drive translation initiation ? Ribosome is tethered by an eIF4E-binding site located in the coding region ? A RNA three-way helix junction element positions ribosome on the start codon ? The m⁷G cap-binding pocket formed by the mRNA controls histone translation     

Tmem64 Modulates Calcium Signaling during RANKL-Mediated Osteoclast Differentiation

1. Download : Download high-res image (172KB)
2. Download : Download full-size image

Highlights? Tmem64-deficient mice show increased bone volume ? Tmem64 deficiency reduces [Ca²⁺]_i oscillation in response to RANKL stimulation ? Tmem64 interacts with SERCA2 ? Tmem64 positively regulates osteoclast formation via SERCA2/Ca²⁺ signaling     

Posttranslational acetylation of α-tubulin constrains protofilament number in native microtubules

1. Download : Download high-res image (438KB)
2. Download : Download full-size image

Highlights? α-TAT mutants have short microtubules and variable protofilament number ? α-tubulin K40 acetylation promotes interprotofilament salt bridges ? α-tubulin K40 acetylation is a key constraint on protofilament number in vivo     

LSD2/KDM1B and Its Cofactor NPAC/GLYR1 Endow a Structural and Molecular Model for Regulation of H3K4 Demethylation

1. Download : Download high-res image (277KB)
2. Download : Download full-size image

Highlights? Identifying NPAC as a novel LSD2 cofactor stimulating H3K4 demethylation ? Structure determination of LSD2 alone or in complex with NPAC and histone H3 peptide ? Defining the key NPAC residues essential for its intrinsic LSD2 cofactor activity ? Establishing a molecular model for how a cofactor regulates histone demethylation     

A Matrix Protein Silences Transposons and Repeats through Interaction with Retinoblastoma-Associated Proteins

1. Download : Download high-res image (133KB)
2. Download : Download full-size image

Highlights? The Arabidopsis matrix protein TEK silences transposons and repeat-containing genes ? Binding of TEK on targets affects chromatin conformation and histone modifications ? TEK protein associates with FVE/MSI5-containing histone deacetylation complex ? TEK directs repressive modification as a key structural component in gene silencing     

Calorie Restriction and SIRT3 Trigger Global Reprogramming of the Mitochondrial Protein Acetylome

1. Download : Download high-res image (421KB)
2. Download : Download full-size image

Highlights? MS quantifies 1,578 mitochondrial acetyl sites altered during CR and loss of SIRT3 ? SIRT3 functions as a prominent regulator in CR adaptation ? CR and SIRT3 regulate previously unrecognized processes in mitochondria ? We provide an acetylation atlas for understanding mitochondrial regulation in CR     

The prereplication complex recruits XEco2 to chromatin to promote cohesin acetylation in Xenopus egg extracts

1. Download : Download high-res image (192KB)
2. Download : Download full-size image

Highlights? XEco2 loading and cohesin acetylation require pre-RC assembly but not DNA synthesis ? Two N-terminal motifs in XEco2 are essential for XEco2 loading and cohesion ? The PIP box in XEco2 contributes to cohesion ? Interaction of acetylated cohesin with DNA is stabilized after DNA replication     

Dissection of DNA Damage Responses Using Multiconditional Genetic Interaction Maps

1. Download : Download high-res image (256KB)
2. Download : Download full-size image

Highlights? A resource of genetic modules and networks induced by distinct types of DNA damage ? Networks distinguish DNA damage response pathways with high statistical power ? Rtt109, a histone acetyltransferase, affects the mutagenic bypass of DNA lesions ? The neddylation machinery and Irc21 affect cell-cycle control and genome stability     

Insights into Negative Regulation by the Glucocorticoid Receptor from Genome-wide Profiling of Inflammatory Cistromes

1. Download : Download high-res image (136KB)
2. Download : Download full-size image

Highlights? TLR4 activation dramatically remodels the GR cistrome in macrophages ? Both negative and positive GR enhancers include GREs, NF-κB, and AP-1 sites ? Classical models fail to predict positive or negative polarity of GR regulation ? Hormone treatment marks negative enhancers by histone deacetylation     

Repression of the Long Noncoding RNA-LET by Histone Deacetylase 3 Contributes to Hypoxia-Mediated Metastasis

1. Download : Download high-res image (174KB)
2. Download : Download full-size image

Highlights? There is low expression of lncRNA-LET in various tumor tissues ? Hypoxia-induced low expression of lncRNA-LET occurred through histone deacetylase 3 ? The lncRNA-LET is bound to NF90, which increases NF90 degradation by the proteasome ? Low lncRNA-LET expression contributes to hypoxia-induced cell invasion     

Sperm from Sneaker Male Squids Exhibit Chemotactic Swarming to CO2

1. Download : Download high-res image (176KB)
2. Download : Download full-size image

Highlights? Small, sneaky squid males produce spermatozoa that swarm to CO₂ ? Sneaker, but not consort, sperm acidify their intracellular pH due to extracellular acidification by carbonic anhydrase ? Recovery from intracellular acidosis evokes Ca²⁺-dependent chemotactic swarming ? Swarming by sneaker sperm might be an evolutionary adaptation to mating tactics     

Conformational dynamics of activation for the pentameric complex of dimeric G protein-coupled receptor and heterotrimeric G protein

1. Download : Download high-res image (278KB)
2. Download : Download full-size image

Highlights? Dynamics of dimeric Rho complexes in three different conformational states examined ? Photoactivation of Rho (Rho¹) causes structural relaxation of the helical bundle ? Binding of Gt to Rho¹ reduces flexibility of Rho¹ but increases flexibility in Gt ? Free Rho¹ exhibits different a conformation than it does in the Rho¹-G_t complex     

Spp1, a Member of the Set1 Complex,Promotes Meiotic DSB Formation in Promoters by Tethering Histone H3K4 Methylation Sites to Chromosome Axes

1. Download : Download high-res image (116KB)
2. Download : Download full-size image

Highlights? Spp1 and histone H3K4 residue are important for meiotic DSB formation ? Spp1 physically interacts with the DSB protein Mer2 ? Spp1 in meiosis is not with RNA Pol II, but on chromosome axes in DSB-rich domains ? Spp1’s PHD finger tethers H3K4me3 regions to chromosome axes for DSB formation     

Structural and biological features of FOXP3 dimerization relevant to regulatory T cell function

1. Download : Download full-size image

Highlights? Antiparallel dimeric conformation critical for FOXP3 suppressive function ? IPEX mutations disrupted defined intersubunit bonding of the FOXP3 dimer ? Lysine acetylation modulate the intersubunit bonding of the FOXP3 dimer ? Mechanistic model explaining FOXP3 biology and pathology.     

ADF/cofilin regulates secretory cargo sorting at the TGN via the Ca2+ ATPase SPCA1

1. Download : Download high-res image (239KB)
2. Download : Download full-size image

Highlights? ADF/cofilin localizes to the TGN and binds SPCA1 in an actin-dependent manner ? Dynamic actin regulates the activity of the Ca²⁺ pump SPCA1 ? ADF/cofilin facilitates secretory cargo sorting in a Ca²⁺-dependent manner     

Bone marrow-derived cell therapy stimulates endogenous cardiomyocyte progenitors and promotes cardiac repair

1. Download : Download high-res image (203KB)
2. Download : Download full-size image

Highlights? c-kit⁺ cell therapy stimulates endogenous cardiomyocyte progenitors ? Nkx2.5- and Gata4-expressing progenitors increase in the infarct border zone ? c-kit⁺ cell therapy leads to improved cardiac function ? No evidence for cardiomyocyte transdifferentiation by bone marrow progenitors     

STIM1 Juxtaposes ER to Phagosomes,Generating Ca2+ Hotspots that Boost Phagocytosis

1. Download : Download high-res image (451KB)
2. Download : Download full-size image

Highlights? STIM1 drives store-operated recruitment of ER cisternae to phagosomes ? STIM1 is required for Ca²⁺-dependent, high-efficiency phagocytosis ? STIM1 gates phagosomal Ca²⁺ channels, generating periphagosomal Ca²⁺ microdomains     

ALKBH5 Is a Mammalian RNA Demethylase that Impacts RNA Metabolism and Mouse Fertility

1. Download : Download high-res image (108KB)
2. Download : Download full-size image

Highlights? ALKBH5 is a mammalian m⁶A RNA demethylase ? RNA demethylation affects mRNA export and RNA metabolism ? RNA demethylation is important for mouse fertility ? Reversible mammalian messenger RNA methylation affects gene expression